A study on Employee health and safety

A Study on health and safety measures in Neycer India Ltd 2015

DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Page 1

Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Due to rapid industrialization, industrial workers are exposed to several types of

hazards and accidents. Every year lakhs of workers are injured due to mechanical, chemical,

electrical and radiation hazards and it leads to partial or total disablement. So in recent years,

greater attention is given to health and safety due to pressure from government, trade unions,

labour laws and awareness of employers.

The efficiency of workers depends to a great extends on the environment in which the

work. Work environment consists of all the factors, which act and react on the body and mind

of an employee. The primary aim is to create an environment, which ensures the greatest ease

of work and removes all causes of worries.

Occupational health and safety is a discipline with a broad scope involving many

specialized fields. In its broadest sense, it should aim at:

a) The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social

well-being of workers in all occupations.

b) The prevention among workers of adverse effects on health caused by their working

conditions.

c) The protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors

adverse to health.

d) The placing and maintenance of workers in an occupational environment adapted to

physical and mental needs.

e) The adaptation of work to humans.



Successful occupational health and safety practice requires the collaboration and

participation of both employers and workers in health and safety programmes, and involves

the consideration of issues relating to occupational medicine, industrial hygiene, toxicology,

education, engineering safety, ergonomics, psychology, etc.

Occupational health issues are often given less attention than

occupational safety issues because the former are generally more difficult to confront.

However, when health is addressed, so is safety, because a healthy workplace is by definition

also a safe workplace. The converse, though, may not be true - a so-called safe workplace is

not necessarily also a healthy workplace. The important point is that issues of both health and

safety must be addressed in every workplace.

Work plays a central role in people's lives, since most workers spend at least eight

hours a day in the workplace, whether it is on a plantation, in an office, factory, etc.

Therefore, work environments should be safe and healthy. Unfortunately some employers

assume little responsibility for the protection of workers' health and safety. In fact, some

employers do not even know that they have the moral and often legal responsibility to protect

workers.

Health of the workers:

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the

absence of diseases. Its a positive and dynamic concept which means something more than

the absence of illness.

Safety of the workers:

Safety is a measures or techniques implemented to reduce the risk of injury, loss and

danger to persons, property or the environment in any facility or place involving the

manufacturing, producing and processing of goods or merchandise.



1.1 About the project

The survey has been conducted from employees in order to find out satisfactory level

of the employees towards health and safety of Neycer India Limited at Vadalur.

The area selected for this study is Neycer India Limited; the sample size chosen for the study

was 100 employees.

The important factors considered for the analysis are health and safety measure in the

Transport, Canteen performance, welfare facilities, working condition and safety

programmes.

The collect data were poled out and analyzed by applying suitable statistical tools.

The findings and suggestions are given for further development and maintain health and

safety of the organization.



1.2 PROFILE OF THE COMPANY:

Neycer India limited is formally known as Neyveli Ceramics & Refractorys Limited, was

promoted by South Madras. Industrial Development Company Private Limited. An affiliate

of Seshasyee brothers (Pvt) Limited. The company was incorporated on 12th may1960.The

project was established with a licensed capacity to manufacture 1800tonnes of sanitary ware

per annum.The technical collaboration for his venture was provided by M/s Elemental

Baykeramik vestries GMBH (KERAMAG) OF West Germany. The project was completed

and the commercial production commenced in October 1965.

The production plant was steadily increased and the rated capacity of 1800 tones per annum

was reached in 1967.

GROWTH AND EXPANSION:

The company after availing the technical services from M/s Bombay Potteries

and Tiles Limited, Bombay, increased its installed capacity from 1800 tonnes to 3000

tonnes. In the year 1974-75, the installed was further increased from 3000 tonnes to 4200

tonnes per annum at a further outlay. In april 1977,the agreement with M/s Bombay

potteries and tiles limited was terminated has the company had acquired the required skill and

experience from running the plant on their own strength.

In April 1979, the company further increase the capacity from 4200 tonnes per

annum to 4800 tonnes involving the extension of casting shop introduction of the humidity

control system in one of the casting, shops, installation of a twin tunnel ories, construction of

the new work building was provided.

In 1987,the plant had increased the capacity from 7500 tonnes to 9000 tonnes.



NEYCER BRAND NAME:

Due to the long existence of the company and manufacturing and marketing the

product with consistent quality, the NEYCER brand name has become to hold name in our

country.

NEW DESIGN:

Neycer has the capability to develop new patterns, products as per the exclusive

requirement of customers and has skilled man power developed over a period of more than 4

decades. Neycer products are famous for the range of patterns and glossy colours with

different sizes in each under regular manufacture. It has been continuously updating its

manufacturing techniques to product of superior quality. Some of the recently developed

products won prized in exhibitions conducted in eighties.

NEYECR TILES:

With the setting up of Neycer Ceramic Tiles plat at Pondicherry in 1986, the customer

has got the advantage of getting both Neycer Sanitary ware and tiles from one source of their

according to choice.

SPARTEK TAKE OVER:

During 1988, the Neycer management came under Spartek Group, the pioneers in

ceramic tiles manufacturing in India .After this, the company has made headway in:

1.Reduction of excess man power.

2.Elimination of wasteful and unwanted practices in operations.

3.Modernizing the plant and machinery.

4.Developing new designs and colours.



5.Improving the process methods and technology up gradation.

There are various ambitious programmes contemplated to modernize the plant to achieve

better productivity and the best quality to meet the market requirements.

In 1989 1998, the Neycer further make improvements in their products, and also improve

the market at large. By producing the capacity of the product up to 12000 tonnes to 14500

tonnes.

In 1999 2002 the capacity of the Neycer had increased the installed capacity up to 15000

tonnes to 25000 tonnes per annum.

From 2003 2005 the capacity was further from 25000 tonnes to 30000 tonnes per

annum,Due to the more in improvements of the marketing activities.

From 2006 2009 the market has become very large then the capacity was further increased

from 30000 tonnes to 45000 tonnes per annum.

ABOUT THE PRODUCT

The Neycer is making a wide range of sanitary ware in 20 colours, The product range

include various types of wash closets, urinals, pans and toilet accessories.

The plant has got the production capacity if 12000 M.T.per annum.

We are having 2 Tunnels Kilns, one Push Bat Kiln and Shuttle Kiln.

The various production stages are briefly explained below.



1. RAW MATERIALS:

S.NO RAW MATERIALS

1. Ball Clay

2. China Clay

3. Feldspar

4. Quartz

5. Wollastonitc

6. Calcitc

7. Zircon

8. Zinc Oxide

9. CMC

10. Chemicals

11. Colour Staains

DRY GRINDING PLANT:

Feldspar , Quartz and Pitcher which we are getting in lumps from are being ground in

the dry grinding plant. the fire powder from DG plant will pass through a magnetic drum

from removal of iron contamination and finally enter the storage silo. From the silo the

powder is collected, packed in gunny bags and sent to the production department for body

glaze preparation.



SLIP HOUSE-BODY PREPRATION:

In slip house, separate storage bins are available for keeping all the raw materials.

From the storage bins, the raw materials are transported to high speed bungers, where the ball

clay, china clay, feldspar powder, green ware rejects and pre-ground silica sand slurry are

mixed with water and electrolytes. Then the study is sieved and pumped to the mixing tank.

From the ;mixing tank, the slip is pumped to the second stage sieving arrangement through

magnets and the final slip, it is supplied from the storage tanks to the Casting Department by

pumps through pipe lines.

GLAZE PREPARATION:

The glazes raw materials are loaded in porcelain lined Ball Mill with water and are

ground to form a fine glaze slip. The grinding media is dressed flint pebbles. The ground

glaze slips sieved and passed through powerful magnets for complete cllamination o9f iron

contamination.The processed glaze is stored in underground tanks with mixing arrangements.

After confirming the quality standards, the glaze is supplied to glazing department for

spraying operation. They are a number of Ball Mills for making different type of color glazes

as per production programme.

MOULDING:

Here the moulds required for casting department is made Moulds are made of Plaster

of Paris and water. First the model will be developed according to the requirement. Then the

mother mould will be taken from the model. From the mother mould, then Block and case

will be taken and from Block Case, working moulds will be made and sent for casting

department after drying.



MOULD MADING PROCESS:

After arranging the block and case with liquid soap application, plaster of Paris and

water are mixed in a stirrer to form slurry. Then the slurry is poured into the block and case

and allowed to set and released from the block and case. The released mould finished for

removal of soap and sent for drying in the; mould drying chamber for a maximum period of

one week. After drying, the moulds are finished with fine sand papers and checked for

quality aspects. After quality confirmation, the moulds are supplied to the casting debarment

for casting.

Apart from plaster of Paris block and cases, we are making resin block and case

moulds-an improved technology of block making.

CASTING DEPARTMENT:

Here the moulds are arranged in the wooden benches according to the production

programmers. First the moulds are cleaned and steatite powder, Slurry water is applied on the

moulds, where ever necessary.

Then the body slip coming through the pipe lines from the Slip House storage tank is

filled in the moulds. After getting the required thickness, the excess slip is drained out and

sent to slip house for re-cycling. After sufficient drying, de-molding is done and the ware is

taken out from the mould and kept in the storage rack for two days for air drying. Then the

dried wares are finished, inspected and sent for further drying in drying chamber.

DRYING CHAMBER:

From the Casting Shop the wares are coming out with high moisture content. In the

chamber dryer, the wares are allowed to stand for 16 to 20 hours. Waste heat coming out

from the Tunnel Kiln issued for drying wares. Then the dried wares are glazing.



NEW CDS DRYER:

On 2000, we have installed and commissioned one modern dryer of ceramic drying

systems UK. Here, the wares are dried.

GLAZING:

There are number of spray booths with conveyer arrangement. First the inspected

ware is subjected to perfect air blow for dust removal and the same is thoroughly water

sponged. Then the glaze is applied on the ware with the help of spray gun. Then the trade

name stamp, ISI

Stamp, date stamp and sprayers inspectors, spongers and loaders code numbers are put on the

war in respective places with screen and rubber stamp. Then the glaze at the unwanted

portion is removed and the wares are sent for loading department.

SHUTTLE KILN:

This is new advanced type open firing kiln. This is imported from UK. Fuel is gas.

It is used normally for the re-firing. This can also be used for first firing.

LOADING:

Here the cars are kept with refractory setters according to the production pattern. A

thin coating of alumina wash is given on the setters to avoid sticking of wares on the setters.

Thermo Cole pieces are used for cushioning effect. The wars are loaded on the setters and

after inspection and air blowing the car with wares are pushed inside the Tunnels Kiln for

firing.



TUNNEL KILNS 1&2:

It is a continuous type of kiln. Fuel is natural gas. The ears loaded with the wars are

pushed into the kiln as per scheduled time with the help of hydraulic pushing machine and

fired around at 1200 approximately during the firing cycle. Centralized panel board is

available for controlling the temperature and draught. After completion of the firing and

cooling, the cars are taken out from the exit of the kiln and sent to the unloading and sorting

department.

PUSH BAT KILN:

This is also converted in to gas firing. Here mainly Indian pan and Orissa pan are

fired.

UNLOADING & SORTING DEPARTMENT:

The wares coming out from the kiln is unloaded here and classified as follows

according to Neycer specification which is more stringent than ISI norms.

Standard : A Class

Commercial : B Class

Faulty : Refire class-which is

Refired in Shuttle Kiln

After classification, suitable markings are given on the wares and sent to the packing

yard for sales. A flush testing room is provided with all fitting facilities to check up the

flushing performance of the daily products.



1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

To know the satisfactory level of employees health & safety.

To study the employee awareness about the health and safety provisions.

To study the effectiveness of the health and safety measures provides by the company.

To study the employees towards various health and safety measures.

To find the satisfactory level of employees with regard to welfare provisions that

binds the health and safety.

To know the medical availability in the company.

To know the ambulance and other emergency facilities available in the company.



1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

To-day employee welfare programmers are become important because

it is spent as good investment by the Employers.

From the investment, employer is benefited by increased production

or better quality of work. Study of welfare measures.

1. It help to win over employees loyalty and increase their

morale.

2. This will help to build-up stable force to reduce labour

turnover and absenteeism.



1.5 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

If there is no safety and Health measure, there is no organization. The importance of this

study is as follows,

Employee safety and Health measures are the important factors of an organization

to maintain quality of work life of the employee.

It develops both efficiency and productivity among the workers.

This study will helpful to create a good relationship between employees as well as

the employer.

This study is help to the organization while analyze the problems facing by an

employees regarding this measures. And take necessary steps for the purpose of satisfy

the needs of an employee etc..,



1.6 NEED OF THE STUDY

Safety and health measure are the important factor for an organization to maintain

quality of work life of the employee.

Safety and health facilities may patronage the employee to work better and it will lead

to increase in output.

In every organization, an employees safety and welfare measure plays a vital role.

Hence I conducted research on this topic

To identify the employees response among various benefits regarding safety and

health measures in Neycer India Limited,Abathanapuram,Vadalur , Cuddalore District

To provide some suggestions for the purpose of improving the employees safety and health

measures in in Neycer India Limited

It helps to improve employees productivity or efficiency by increasing their physical

and mental health.



CHAPTER - II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Workplace health and safety is protecting the safety, health and overall welfare of

employees at a particular company or institution. The goal of most workplace health and

safety programs is to promote a safer work environment for employees.

Health and safety

According to the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Health

Organization (WHO), health and safety at work is aimed at the promotion and maintenance

of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations;

the prevention among workers of leaving work due to health problems caused by their

working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from

factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational

environment adapted to his or her physiological and psychological capabilities; and, to

summarise, the adaptation of work to the person and of each person to their job.

Occupational safety and health (OSH) is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with

protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The

goals of occupational safety and health programs include to foster a safe and healthy work

environments may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, and

many others who might be affected by the workplace environment.

Occupational safety and health can be important for moral, legal, and financial reasons. All

organizations have a duty of care to ensure that employees and any other person who may be

affected by the companies undertaking remain safe at all times.



Moral obligations would involve the protection of employee's lives and health. Legal reasons

for OSH practices relate to the preventative, punitive and compensatory effects of laws that

protect worker's safety and health. OSH can also reduce employee injury and illness related

costs, including medical care, sick leave and disability benefit costs. OSH may involve

interactions among many subject areas, including occupational medicine, occupational

hygiene, public health, safety engineering, industrial engineering, chemistry, health physics,

ergonomics and occupational health psychology.

Health of the workers:

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the

absence of diseases. Its a positive and dynamic concept which means something more than

the absence of illness.

Statutory provisions:

According to factories Act, 1948, the statutory provisions regarding the health of the

workers are stated in the sections 11 to 20. They are

Cleanliness (sec 11):

Every factory shall be kept clean by daily sweeping or washing the floors and

workrooms and by using disinfectants where every necessary. Walls, doors and windows

shall be repainted or varnished at least once in every 5 years.



Disposal of wastes and effluents (sec 12):

The waste materials produced from the manufacturing process must be effectively

disposed of wastes.

Ventilation and temperature (sec 13):

There must be provision for adequate ventilation for the circulation of fresh air. The

temperature must be kept at a comfortable level. Hot parts of machines must be separated and

insulated. The State Government may make rules for the keeping of thermometers in

specified places and the adoption of methods which will keep the temperature low.

Removal of Dust and fumes (sec 14):

If the manufacturing process used gives off injurious or offensive dust and steps must

be taken so that they are not inhaled or accumulated. The exhaust fumes of internal

combustion engines must be conducted outside the factory.

Artificial humidification (sec 15):

The water used for this purpose must be pure. The State Government can frame rules

regarding the process of humidification etc. The water used for humidification shall be taken

from a public supply or other source of drinking water and must be effectively purified before

use.

Overcrowding (sec 16):

There must be no overcrowding in a factory. In factories existing before the

commencement of the Act there must be at least 9.9 cubic meters of space per worker. For

factories built afterwards, there must be at least 4.2 cubic meters of space. The chief inspector

of factories can also prescribe the maximum number of workers who can work in each work

room.

Lighting (sec 17):

Factories must be well lighted. Effective measures must be adopted to prevent glare or

formation of shadows which might cause eye strain.



Drinking water (sec 18):

Arrangements must be made to provide a sufficient supply of wholesome drinking

water. All supply points of such water must be marked drinking water.

No such points shall be within 20 ft. (or 7.5 meters) of any latrine, washing place etc.

Factories employing more than 250 workers must cool the water during the hot weather.

Toilet facilities (sec 19):

Every factory must provide sufficient number of latrines and urinals. There must be

separate provisions for male and female workers.

Latrines and urinals must be kept in a clean and sanitary condition. In factories

employing more than 250 workers, they shall be of prescribed sanitary types.

Spittoons (sec 20):

A sufficient number of spittoons must be provided at convenient places, in a clean and

hygienic condition. The State Government may take rules regarding their number, location

and maintenance.

Safety of the workers:

Safety is a measures or techniques implemented to reduce the risk of injury, loss and

danger to persons, property or the environment in any facility or place involving the

manufacturing, producing and processing of goods or merchandise.



Statutory provisions:

According to factories Act, 1948, the statutory provisions regarding the safety of the

workers are stated in the sections 21 to 41. They are

Fencing of machinery (Sec 21):

In every factory, every dangerous part of any machinery, every moving part of a

prime mover and every flywheel connected to prime mover the head-race and tail-race of

every water wheel and water turbine, and every part of an electric generator, motor or rotary

converter, every part of transmission machinery, must be securely fenced by safeguards of

substantial construction.

Work on or near machinery in motion (Sec 22):

It is necessary to examine any part of the machinery while it is motion. The

examination and lubrication of the machinery, while in motion, should be carried out only by

a specially-trained adult worker wearing tight-fitting clothing.

Employment of young persons on Dangerous machines (Sec 23):

A young person should not be allowed to work at dangerous machines unless, has

been sufficiently instructed and received sufficient training.

Striking gear and devices for cutting off power (Sec 24):

In every factory, suitable striking gear or other efficient mechanical appliance has to

be provided, maintained and used to move driving belts.

Self-acting machines (Sec 25):

No travelling part of a self-acting machine in any factory and no material carried

thereon shall be allowed to run on its outward or inward traverse within a distance of 18

inches from any fixed structure which is not a part of the machine, if a person is liable to pass

over the space over which it runs.



Casing of new machinery (Sec 26):

All machinery driven by power, every set-screw, bolt or key or any revolving shaft,

spindle, wheel or pinion, spur, worm and other toothed or friction-gearing has to be properly

encased or guarded in order to prevent danger to the workmen.

Prohibition of employment of women and children near cotton openers (Sec 27):

Women and child workers are prohibited to be employed in any part of a factory for

pressing cotton in which a cotton opener is at work.

Hoists, lifts, lifting machines (Sec 28&29):

Lifting machines, chains, ropes and lifting tackles must be of good mechanical

construction, sound material and adequate strength and free from defects. They are to be

properly maintained and thoroughly examined by a competent person at least once in every 6

months.

Revolving machinery (Sec 30):

The maximum safe working peripheral speed of every grindstone or abrasive wheel

shall be permanently affixed. Safe working peripheral speed of every revolving vessel, cage,

basket, flywheel, pulley or disc has also to be ensured.

Pressure plant (Sec 31):

In any factory operation is carried on at a pressure above the atmospheric pressure,

effective arrangements shall be taken to ensure that the safe working pressure is not

exceeded.

Floors, stairs and means of access (Sec 32):

In every factory all floors, steps, stairs, passages and gangways shall be of sound

construction and properly kept and maintained.

Pits, sumps, openings in floors (Sec 33):

Every fixed vessel, sump, tank, pit or opening in the ground or in a floor, which may

be a source of danger shall be either securely covered or securely fenced.



Excessive weights (Sec 34):

No person is to be employed in any factory to lift, carry or move any load so heavy as

is likely to cause him injury.

Protection of eyes (Sec 35):

The state government may require the provision of effective screens or suitable

goggles if the risk of injury to the eyes is caused from particles or fragments thrown off in the

manufacturing process or from exposure to excessive light.

Precautions against dangerous fumes (Sec 36):

In any factory, no person shall be allowed to enter any chamber, tank, vat, pipe, flue

or other confined space in which dangerous fumes are likely to be present to an extent

involving risks to persons.

Explosive or inflammable dust, gas (Sec 37):

All practicable measures have to be taken to prevent explosion by, effective enclosure

of plant and machinery, removal or prevention of the accumulation of dust, gas etc and

exclusion or effective enclosure of all possible sources of ignition.

Precaution in case of fire (Sec 38):

Every factory has to be provided with adequate means of escape in case of fire.

Effective and clearly audible means of giving warning in the case of fire have to be provided.

A free passage-way giving access to each means of escape in case of fire has to be

maintained.

Power to require specifications of defective parts or tests of stability (Sec 39):

The factory inspector to serve on the manager of a factory to furnish specifications of

defective parts or he may order the manager to carry out tests as he may specify and to inform

him of the results.



Safety of buildings and machinery (Sec 40):

Every factory should adopt the measures to ensure the safety of the buildings and

machinery. The factory must employ the required safety officers according to the number of

workers working in the factory.

Power to make rules (Sec 41):

The state government has the power to make rules to supplement the provisions

relating to safety contained in the act.

Occupational accidents/disease:

Work-related accidents or diseases are very costly and can have many serious direct and

indirect effects on the lives of workers and their families. For workers some of the direct

costs of an injury or illness are:

a) the pain and suffering of the injury or illness;

b) the loss of income;

c) the possible loss of a job;

d) Health-care costs.



It has been estimated that the indirect costs of an accident or illness can be four to ten

times greater than the direct costs, or even more. An occupational illness or accident can have

so many indirect costs to workers that it is often difficult to measure them. One of the most

obvious indirect costs is the human suffering caused to workers' families, which cannot be

compensated with money.

Identifying hazards in the workplace:

Some occupational diseases have been recognized for many years, and affect workers in

different ways depending on the nature of the hazard, the route of exposure, the dose, etc.

Some well-known occupational diseases include:

Use a

variety of

sources for

information

about

potential or

existing

hazards in

your

workplace



a) Asbestosis (caused by asbestos, which is common in insulation, automobile brake

linings, etc.)

b) Silicosis (caused by silica, which is common in mining, sandblasting, etc.)

c) Lead poisoning (caused by lead, which is common in battery plants, paint factories,

etc.)

d) Noise-induced hearing loss (caused by noise, which is common in many workplaces,

including airports, and workplaces where noisy machines, such as presses or drills,

etc.)

Importance of management commitment on health and safety:

In order to develop a successful health and safety programme, it is essential that there

be strong management commitment and strong worker participation in the effort to create and

maintain a safe and healthy workplace. An effective management addresses all work-related

hazards, not only those covered by government standards.

A successful

health and

safety

programme

requires

strong

management

commitment

and worker

participation



All levels of management must make health and safety a priority. They must

communicate this by going out into the worksite to talk with workers about their concerns

and to observe work procedures and equipment. In each workplace, the lines of responsibility

from top to bottom need to be clear, and workers should know who is responsible for

different health and safety issues.

Importance of training:

Workers often experience work-related health problems and do not realize that the

problems are related to their work, particularly when an occupational disease, for example, is

in the early stages. Besides the other more obvious benefits of training, such as skills

development, hazard recognition, etc., a comprehensive training programme in each

workplace will help workers to:

a) Recognize early signs/symptoms of any potential occupational diseases before they

become permanent conditions.

Effective

training is

a key

component

of any

health and

safety

programme



b) Assess their work environment.

c) Insist that management make changes before hazardous conditions can develop.

Health and safety programmes:

Effective workplace health and safety programmes can help to save the lives of workers

by reducing hazards and their consequences. Health and safety programmes also have

positive effects on both worker morale and productivity, which are important benefits.

At the same time, effective programmes can save employers a great deal of money. For

all of the reasons given below, it is crucial that employers, workers and unions are committed

to health and safety.

a) Workplace hazards are controlled - at the source whenever possible.

b) Records of any exposure are maintained for many years.

c) Both workers and employers are informed about health and safety risks in the

workplace.

d) There is an active and effective health and safety committee that includes both

workers and management.

e) Worker health and safety efforts are ongoing.



REVIEW OF LITERATURE FROM JOURNAL AND ARTICLES:

1) Johannson B; Rask K; Stenberg M (2010)1, this study was to carry out a broad survey

and analysis of relevant research articles about piece rate wages and their effects on

health and safety. A total of 75 research articles were examined extensively and 31 of

these were found relevant and had sufficient quality to serve the purpose of this study.

The findings of these relevant articles are summarized and analysed in the survey. More

recent research shows a clear interest for health, musculoskeletal injuries, physical

workload, pains and occupational injuries. The fact that 27 of the 31 studied articles

found negative effects of piece rates on different aspects of health and safety does not

prove causality, but together they give very strong support that in most situations piece

rates have negative effects on health and safety.

2) Tompa, Emile PhD; Dolinschi, Roman MA; de Oliveira (2009)2, we reviewed the

occupational health and safety intervention literature to synthesize evidence on financial

merits of such interventions. A literature search included journal databases, existing

systematic reviews, and studies identified by content experts. We found strong evidence

that ergonomic and other musculoskeletal injury prevention intervention in manufacturing

and warehousing are worth undertaking in terms of their financial merits. The economic

evaluation of interventions in this literature warrants further expansion. The review also

provided insights into how the methodological quality of economic evaluations in this

literature could be improved.

3) Conor CO Reynolds; M Anne Harris; Peter A Cripton; Meghan Winters (2009)3,

Bicycling has the potential to improve fitness. Understanding ways of making bicycling

safer is important to improving population health. We reviewed studies of the impact of

transportation infrastructure on bicyclist safety. To assess safety, studies examining the

following outcomes were included: injuries; injury severity; and crashes. Results to date

suggest that sidewalks and multi-use trails pose the highest risk, major roads are more

hazardous than minor roads, and the presence of bicycle facilities (e.g. on-road bike

routes, on-road marked bike lanes, and off-road bike paths) was associated with the

lowest risk. Street lighting, paved surfaces, and low-angled grades are additional factors

that appear to improve cyclist safety.



4) Lucia Artazcoz; Imma Cortes; Vincenta Escriba-aguir; Lorena Cascant (2009)4, the

objectives of this study was to identify family and job characteristics associated with long

work hours. The sample was composed of all salaried workers aged 1664 years (3950

men and 3153 women) interviewed in the 2006 Catalonian Health Survey. Factors

associated with long working hours differed by gender. In men, working 5160 h a week

was consistently associated with poor mental health status, self-reported hypertension, job

dissatisfaction, smoking, shortage of sleep. Among women it was only related to smoking

and to shortage of sleep. The association of overtime with different health indicators

among men and women could be explained by their role as the family breadwinner.

5) Dee W. Edington; Alyssa B. Schultz (2008)5, The aim was to present the literature

which provides evidence of the association between health risks and the workplace

economic measures of time away from work, reduced productivity at work, health care

costs and pharmaceutical costs. A search of PubMed was conducted and high quality

studies were selected and combined with studies known to the authors. A strong body of

evidence exists which shows that health risks of workers are associated with health care

costs and pharmaceutical costs. A growing body of literature also confirms that health

risks are associated with the productivity measures. The paper shows that measures of

success will continue to be important as the field of worksite health management moves

forward.

6) David E. Cantor (2008)6, The purpose of this paper was to review the literature and call

for additional research into the human, operational, and regulatory issues that contribute

to workplace safety in the supply chain. This paper identifies several potential research

opportunities that can increase awareness of the importance of improving a firm's

workplace safety practices. This paper identifies 108 articles which informs, how the

logistics and transportation safety has evolved. The paper identifies 14 future research

opportunities within the workplace safety in the supply chain, that have been identified

can have a positive effect on practitioners confronted with safety issues.

7) Lucia Artazcoz; Imma Cortes; Vincenta Escriba-aguir; Lorena Cascant (2007)7, To

provide a framework for epidemiological research on work and health that combines

classic occupational epidemiology and the consideration of work in a structural

perspective focused on gender inequalities in health. Gaps and limitations in classic



occupational epidemiology, when considered from a gender perspective, are described.

Classic occupational epidemiology has paid less attention to womens problems than

mens. Research into work related gender inequalities in health has rarely considered

either social class or the impact of family demands on mens health. The analysis of work

and health from a gender perspective should take into account the complex interactions

between gender, family roles, employment status and social class.

8) Shouji Nagashima; Yasushi Suwazono; Yasushi Okubo; Mirei Uetani (2007)8, The

aim was to clarify the influence of working hours on both mental and physical symptoms

of fatigue and use the data obtained to determine permissible working hours. The survey

of day-shift male workers, using the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Cumulative

Fatigue Symptoms Index (CFSI). A total of 715 workers participated. In the group

working

260279 h/month, the odds ratios for SDS and irritability and chronic

tiredness of the CFSI were increased. In the group working 280 h/month, the odds ratios

on CFSI for general fatigue, physical disorders, anxiety and chronic tiredness were

likewise increased. The research clarified that working hours

should be



10) A Baker; K Heiler; S A Ferguson (2002)10, The occupational health and safety

implications associated with compressed and extended work periods have not been fully

explored in the mining sector. Absenteeism and incident frequency rate data were

collected over a 33 month period that covered three different roster schedules. The only

significant change in absenteeism rates was an increase in the maintenance sector in the

third data collection period. The current study did not find significant negative effects of a

12-hour pattern, when compared to an 8-hour system. However, when unregulated and

excessive overtime was introduced as part of the 12-hour/5-day roster, absenteeism rates

were increased in the maintenance sector.

11) N Nakanishia; H Yoshidaa; K Naganoa; H Kawashimob; K Nakamurac (2001)11, to

evaluate the association of long working hours with the risk of hyper-tension. The work

site is in Osaka, Japan. 941 hypertension free Japanese male white collar workers aged

3554 years were prospectively examined by serial annual health examinations. 424 men

developed hypertension above the borderline level. After controlling for potential

predictors of hypertension, the relative risk for hypertension above the borderline level,

compared with those who worked < 8.0 hours per day was 0.48, for those who worked

10.010.9 hours per day was 0.63. These results indicate that long working hours are

negatively associated with the risk for hypertension in Japanese male white collar

workers.

12) N. Haworth; C. Tingvall & N. Kowadlo (2000)12, In response to an increasing

awareness of the role of work-related driving in crashes and the related costs, many

private and government organisations have developed programs to improve fleet safety.

The purpose of this project is to investigate the potential to introduce road safety based

initiatives in the corporate environment. From the review, that the fleet safety initiatives

which have potential to be effective are, Selecting safer vehicles, Some particular driver

training and education programs, Incentives, Company safety programs. It is assumed that

the degree of influence is likely to decrease as the type of vehicle moves from the fleet

towards the private end of the continuum.



13) Graves carol gevecker; Matanoski genevieve m; Tardiff robert g (2000)13, Carbonless

copy paper (CCP), introduced in 1954. Its safety to workers who handle large amounts of

CCP has been addressed in numerous studies and reports. This review encompasses the

world's literature on CCP and provides a weight-of-evidence analysis of the safety of

CCP to workers in the United States. Since 1987, has produced neither primary skin

irritation nor skin sensitization under normal conditions of manufacture and use. Finally,

very few published complaints have come from the manufacturing sector where the

closest and most voluminous contact occurs. Based on the weight of the evidence,

NIOSH is anticipated to conclude that CCP is not a hazard to workers and has only a

small possibility of producing mild and transient skin irritation.

14) Karen J.M. Niven (2000)14, A literature review was described which aimed to evaluate

economic evaluations of health and safety interventions in healthcare. Problems were

identified with valuing benefits in health and safety because they frequently take many

years to emerge and are difficult to measure. Understanding of economic techniques

within the health and safety professions was limited, resulting in wide-ranging

assumptions being made as to the positive economic impact of health and safety

interventions. Healthcare managers, health economists, and health and safety

professionals have not traditionally worked together and have inherent misunderstandings

of each other roles. The review concludes that the aim of future research should be to

assist the National Health Service (NHS) to make valid decisions about health and safety

investment and risk control methods.

15) A Spurgeon; J M Harrington; C L Cooper (1997)15, The European Community

Directive on Working Time, which should have been implemented in member states of

the European Community by November 1996. This paper reviews the current evidence

relating to the potential effects on health and performance of extensions to the normal

working day. Research to date has been restricted to a limited range of health outcomes--

namely, mental health and cardiovascular disorders. Other potential effects which are

normally associated with stress--for example, gastrointestinal disorders, musculoskeletal

disorders, and problems associated with depression of the immune system, have received

little attention. It is concluded that there is currently sufficient evidence to raise concerns

about the risks to health and safety of long working hours.



16) Simon Chapple and Tracy Mears (1996)16, Most OECD countries rely on a mixture of

market forces, tort liability, compulsory insurance and government regulation to deal with

workplace safety and health issues. There are also other non-efficiency reasons for

government involvement in workplace safety and health. However, while markets may

not be efficient, government intervention can fail to make any improvement and/or not

satisfy cost-benefit criteria. While the empirical evidence is not clear cut, the balance of

the evidence suggests that wages may include some consideration for health and safety

risks. Evidence also suggests that workers compensation systems increase the frequency

and duration of claims for non-fatal injuries, but may decrease the number of fatal

injuries.

17) Peter Hasle and Hans Jorgen Limborg (1995)17, The scientific literature regarding

preventive occupational Health and Safety Activities in Small Enterprises has been

reviewed in order to identify effective preventive approaches and to develop a future

research strategy. There is a lack of evaluation of intervention studies, both in terms of

effect and practical applicability. However, there is sufficiently strong evidence to

conclude that workers of small enterprises are subject to higher risks than the larger ones,

and that small enterprises have difficulties in controlling risk. The most effective

preventive approaches seem to be simple and low cost solutions, disseminated through

personal contact. It is important to develop future intervention research strategies, which

study the complete intervention system of the small enterprises.

18) International Council on Nanotechnology, Rice University18, The report, "Current

Knowledge and Practices regarding Environmental Health and Safety in the

Nanotechnology Workplace", offers a review and analysis of existing efforts to develop

"best practices." This report finds that efforts to catalogue workplace practices have not

systematically documented current environment, health and safety practices in a variety

of workplace settings and geographies. Moreover, it finds that some existing documents

are not publicly available.



19) Maynard, Andrew D19, Article from newsletter by Andrew Maynard summarizing the

current level of development and government investment in nanotechnology research and

development, how nanotechnology presents a potential challenge to conventional

approaches to understanding health hazards in the workplace, and how the United States

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health is working to address current and

potential adverse health impacts in the workplace from nanotechnology.

20) Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment, and Health20, This article seeks to

address a number of important questions concerning the potential health and workplace

safety risks raised by the manufacturing, handling, and distributing of engineered

nanoparticles. The article addresses the following questions; (1) the hazards classification

of engineered nanoparticles, (2) exposure metrics, (3) the actual exposures workers may

have to different engineered nanoparticles in the workplace, (4) the limits of engineering

controls and personal protective equipment in protecting workers in regard to engineered

nanoparticles, (5) the kind of surveillance programs that should be put in place to protect

workers, (6) whether exposure registers should be established, and (7) if engineered

nanoparticles should be treated as new substances and evaluated for safety and hazards.



CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH

Research is a process in which the researcher wishes to find out the end result for a

given problem and thus the solution helps in future course of action. The research has been

defined as A careful investigation or enquiry especially through search for new fact in any

branch of knowledge.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The procedure using, which researchers go about their work of describing, explaining

and predicting phenomena, is called Methodology. Methods compromise the procedures used

for generating, collecting, and evaluating data. Methods are the ways of obtaining

information useful for assessing explanation.

TYPES OF RESEARCH

The type of research used in this project is descriptive in nature. Descriptive research

is essentially a fact finding related largely to the present, abstracting generations by cross

sectional study of the current situation .The descriptive methods are extensively used in the

physical and natural science, for instance when physics measures, biology classifies, zoology

dissects and geology studies the rock. But its use in social science is more common, as in

socio economic surveys and job and activity analysis.



DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH AIMS AT

To portray the characteristics of a particular individual situation or group(with or

without specific initial hypothesis about the nature of this characteristics).

To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is

associated with something else( usually , but not always ,with a specific initial

hypothesis).

The descriptive method has certain limitation; one is that the research may make description

itself an end itself.

Research is essentially creative and demands the discovery of facts on order to lead a

solution of the problem. A second limitation is associated whether the statistical techniques

dominate. The desire to over emphasis central tendencies and to fact in terms of Average,

Correlation, Means and dispersion may not always be either welcome.

This limitation arises because statistics which is partly a descriptive tool of analysis can aid

but not always explain casual relation.

DESIGN OF DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES:

Descriptive studies aim at portraying accurately the characteristics of a particular

group or solution. One may under take a descriptive study about the work in the factory,

health and welfare. A descriptive study may be concerned with the right to strike, capital

punishment, prohibition etc.

A descriptive study involves the following steps:

1. Formulating the objectives of the study .

2. Defining the population and selecting the sample .

3. Designing the method of data collection .

4. Analysis of the data .

5. Conclusion and recommendation for further improvement in the practices.



RESEARCH DESIGN

Research design is the specification of the method and procedure for acquiring the

information needed to solve the problem.

The research design followed for this research study is descriptive research design where we

find a solution to an existing problem. The problem of this study is to find the effectiveness

of Employees Safety & Health at Neycer India Limited.

UNIVERSE AND SAMPLING:

This study was restricted to the blue collar employees. Out of the universe of 69 blue

collars, a sample of 100 respondents was selected by simple random sampling method. All

the opinions expressed herein are the contribution by the respondents only.

DATA COLLECTION METHOD

Survey method is considered the best method for data collection and the tool used for

data collection are Questionnaire. Private individuals, research workers, private and public

organizations and even government are adopting it. In this method a questionnaire is

collected through personal interview. A questionnaire consists of a number of question

involves both specific and general question related to Employees Safety & Health.

SOURCES OF DATA

The two sources of data collection are namely primary & secondary.

Primary data

Primary data are fresh data collected through survey from the employees using

questionnaire.

Secondary data

Secondary data are collected from books, internet and various journals, magazines

etc.



STATISTICAL TOOLS USED

PERCENTAGE METHOD

In this project percentage method test and used. The following are the formula

Percentage of Respondent = No. of Respondent x 100

Total no. of Respondent

CHI - SQUARE Analysis

In this project chi- square test was used. This test is used to test significance of

association between two attributes. Chi- square, symbolically written as 2 (pronounce as

Ki- square), is a statistical measure used in the context of sampling analysis for

comparing a variance to a theoretical variance. Formula for finding chi square is

2 = (O-E)2/ E

In this study chi-square is to find the association between respondents

gender and respondents accident proneness, respondents accident proneness and enough

training for the employees & employees work load and the approach of the organization .



CHAPTER - IV

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

TABLE 1

AGE WISE CLASSIFICATION

S.No Age Group No.of.Respondents percentage

1 Between 21 - 30 Years 20 20%



4 Above 50 Years 51 51%

Total

100 100%

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows that 51% the respondents are in Above 51 age group and 21% of

the respondents are in between 31 to 40 age groups, 20% of the respondents are in between

21 30 age group, and remaining 8% of the respondents are in between 41 to 50 years.



CHART 1

AGE WISE CLASSIFICATION

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Between 21 - 30Years



Above 50 Years

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Age group of the responddnts



TABLE 2

GENDER WISE CLASSIFICATION

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that the 94% of the respondents are

Male and 6% of respondent are in female.

S.No Gender No.of.Respondents percentage

1 Male 94 94%

2 Female 06 6%

Total 100 100%



CHART 2

GENDER WISE CLASSIFICATION

Male, 94%

Female, 6%



TABLE 3

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION

S.No Educational Qualification No.of.Respondents percentage

1 SSLC and Below 69 69%

2 HSc 15 15%

3 Diploma 07 7%

4 UG 06 6%

5 PG 03 3%

Total 100 100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that 69% of the respondents were SSLC and

below,15% of the respondents were having HSc, and 7% of the respondents were having

diploma, 6% of the respondents were having UG and remaining 3% of respondents were PG

qualification.



CHART 3

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

SSLC andBelow

HSc Diploma UG PG

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Educational Qualification



TABLE 4

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE MARITAL STATUS OF

THE RESPONDENTS

S.No Marital Status No.of.Respondents percentage

1 Married 82 82%

2 Un Married 18 18%

Total 100 100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that the 82 % of the respondents are married and 18%

of the respondents are in UN married.



CHART 4

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE MARITAL STATUS OF

THE RESPONDENTS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Married Un Married

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Marital status



TABLE 5

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE YEAR OF EXPERIENCE

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that 66% the respondents are having above 15 years

of experience, 18% of the respondents are having 5 years and below of experience, 13% of

the respondents are having 6 10 years of experience and remaining 03% of the respondents

having 11 15 years of experience.

S.No

Year of Experience

No.of.Respondents Percentage

1 5 Years and Below 18

18%

2 6-10 Years 13

13%

3 11- 15 Years 03

03%

4 Above 15 Years 66

66%

Total 100

100%



CHART 5

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE YEAR OF EXPERIENCE

5 Years and Below

6-10 Years

11- 15 Years

Above 15 Years



TABLE 6

HEALTH & SAFETY POLICY

S.No

Health and safety policy

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

85

85%

2.

No

15

15%

Total

50

100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that the 85% of the respondents are agreed

and remaining 15% of the respondents are disagreed that they have health and safety policy

in our company.



CHART 6

HEALTH & SAFETY POLICY

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Yes

No

85%

15%

Axi

s Ti

tle

Opinion about health safety policy



TABLE 7

FACTORY SAFETY COMMITTEE

S.No

Safety committee

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

87

87%

2.

No

13

13%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows that 87% of the respondents are agreed and remaining 13% of

the respondents are disagreed the safety committee is working in our company properly.



CHART 7

FACTORY SAFETY COMMITTEE

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Yes No

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Factory safety committee



TABLE 8

PROVIDING SPECIAL TRAINING ON SAFETY

S.No

Special training on

safety

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

63

63%

2.

No

37

37%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows that 63% of the respondents are agreed and remaining 37% of

the respondents are disagreed the special training provide by the organization.



CHART 8

PROVIDING SPECIAL TRAINING ON SAFETY

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Yes No

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Special training provide on safety



TABLE 9

SAFETY COMMITTEE MEETING CONDUCTED

S.No

Safety committee meeting

conducted

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Weekly

13

13%

2.

Two Week once

7

7%

3.

Monthly

43

43%

4.

Yearly once

37

37%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows that 43% of the respondents are opinion that Monthly and

37 of the respondents are opinion that Yearly once, 13% of the respondents are opinion that

weekly and remaining 7% of the respondents are opinion that Two weeks one with safety

committee is being conducted in a year.



CHART 9

SAFETY COMMITTEE MEETING CONDUCTED

13%

7%

43%

37%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

Weekly Two Week once Monthly Yearly once

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Safety committee meeting conducted



TABLE 10

MAJOR REASON FOR WORK RELATED ACCIDENT THAT OCCUR

IN THE ORGANIZATION

S.No

Major Reason for accident occur No.of.Respondents Percentage

1. Improper lighting 36 36%

2. Polluted work place 04 4%

3. Improper ventilation 15 15%

4. Inadequate safety devices 12 12%

5. Unsafe and careless house keeping 23 23%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that 36% of the respondents are opinion that

improper lighting, 23% of the respondents are opinion that unsafe and careless housekeeping

and 15% of the respondents are opinion that improper ventilation,12% of the respondents are

opinion that inadequate safety device and remaining 4% of the respondents are opinion that

polluted work place is a major reason for work related accident that occur in the organization.



CHART 10

MAJOR REASON FOR WORK RELATED ACCIDENT THAT OCCUR

IN THE ORGANIZATION

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

Improper lighting Polluted workplace

Improperventilation

Inadequate safetydevices

Unsafe andcareless house

keeping

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Major Reason for accident occur



TABLE 11

WORKER BASED CAUSES FOR THE ACCIDENT THAT OCCUR

IN THE ORGANIZATION

S.No

Worker based causes for the

accident that occur No.of.Respondents Percentage

1. Lack of adequate skill 30 30%

2. Disturbed mental condition 24 24%

3. Neglecting safety devices 25 25%

4. Unsafe speed 7 7%

5. Unsafe material handling 7 7%

6. Others 7 7%

Total 100 100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that the 30% of the respondents are opinion

that lack of adequate skill, 25% of the respondents are opinion that neglecting safety devices

and 24% of the respondents are opinion that disturbed mental condition and remaining 7% of

the respondents are opinion that unsafe speed, unsafe material handling are the worker based

causes for accident occur in the organization.



CHART 11

WORKER BASED CAUSES FOR THE ACCIDENT THAT OCCUR

IN THE ORGANIZATION

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Lack of adequate skill

Disturbed mental condition

Neglecting safety devices

Unsafe speed

Unsafe material handling

Others

Percentage

Wo

rke

r b

ase

d c

ause

s fo

r th

e a

ccid

en

t th

at o

ccu

r



TABLE 12

MAINTENANCE OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS

S.No

Maintenance of firefighting

equipment

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Highly Satisfied

65

65%

2.

Satisfied

15

15%

3.

Moderate

10

10%

4.

Dis-Satisfied

10

10%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that 65% the respondents are highly satisfied about

maintenance of firefighting equipment, 15% of the respondents are satisfied and both the10%

of the respondents are moderate and Dis-satisfied about maintenance of firefighting

equipment respectively.



CHART 12

MAINTENANCE OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS

65%

0

15%

0

10% 10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

HighlySatisfied

Satisfied Moderate Dis-Satisfied

Mai

nte

nan

ce o

f fi

refi

ghti

ng

eq

uip

me

nt

Percentage



TABLE 13

SAFTY TRAINING PROGRAMME TO THE NEW WORKMAN

S.No

Safety induction training

to new workman

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

78

78%

2.

No

22

22%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows that 78% of the respondents are say that yes and

remaining 30% of the respondents are say that no in company gives the safety induction to

the new workman in the plant.



TABLE 13

SAFTY TRAINING PROGRAMME TO THE NEW WORKMAN

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Yes No

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Safety induction training to new workman



TABLE 14

SAFTY TRAINING PROGRAMME ATTENDED IN LAST ONE YEAR

S.No

Safety training

programme attended

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

90

90%

2.

No

10

10%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows that 90% of the respondents are say that yes and

remaining 10% of the respondents are say that no in safety training programme attended in

last one year.



CHART 14

SAFTY TRAINING PROGRAMME ATTENDED IN LAST ONE YEAR

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Yes No

Safe

ty t

rain

ing

pro

gram

me

att

en

de

d

Percentage



TABLE 15

ATTEND SAFETY TRAINNING PROGRAMME IN LAST ONE YEAR

S.No

Safety training programme

attended

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

One time

39

39%

2.

Two time

35

35%

3.

More than two time

26

26%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows that 39% the respondents are attending safety training

programme at one time, 35% of the respondents are attending safety training programme at

Two times and remaining 26% of the respondents are attending more than two times in safety

training programme attended in last year.



CHART 15

ATTEND SAFETY TRAINNING PROGRAMME IN LAST ONE YEAR

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

One time Two time More than two time

Safe

ty t

rain

ing

pro

gram

me

att

en

de

d

Percentage



TABLE 16

AT THE TIME OF JOINING AWARENESS LEVEL OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

S.No

Awareness level at the time of joining

No.of.Respondents Percentage

1.

Very high 57 57%

2.

High 08

8%

3.

Low 09

9%

4.

Very low 12 12%

5. None 14 14%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that 57% of the respondents are very high and 14%

of the respondents are none, 12% of the respondents are very low and 9% of the respondents

are low, 8% of the respondents are high with at the time of joining awareness level of health

and safety.



CHART 16

AT THE TIME OF JOINING AWARENESS LEVEL OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Very high High Low Very low None

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Awareness level at the time of joining



TABLE 17

AT PRESENT AWARE ABOUT EMPLOYEE HEALTH AND SAFETY

S.No

Awareness level at

present

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

91

91%

2.

No

09

9%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that the 91% of the respondents are says that

yes and remaining 9% of the respondents are says that no in at present aware about employee

health and safety.



CHART 17

AT PRESENT AWARE ABOUT EMPLOYEE HEALTH AND SAFETY

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Yes No

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Awareness level at present



TABLE 18

HEALTH AND SAFETY AWARENESS THROUGH WHICH

S.No

Awareness Through

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Motion pictures

38

38%

2.

Written broaches

6

6%

3.

Colleagues

36

36%

4.

Manger in person

3

3%

5.

Others

17

17%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that 38% of the respondents acquired the

knowledge through motion pictures, 36% of the respondents through colleagues and 17% of

the respondents through others and 6% of the respondents through written broachers, and the

3% of the respondents through colleagues.



CHART 18

HEALTH AND SAFETY AWARENESS THROUGH WHICH

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

Motionpictures

Writtenbroaches

Colleagues Manger inperson

Others

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Awareness Through



TABLE 19

PERSONAL PRODUCTIVE EQUIPMENTS USED DURING THE

WORKING HOURS

S.No

Personal protective

equipment used

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

92

92%

2.

No

08

8%

Total

50

100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that the 92% of the respondents are agreed

and 8% of the respondents are disagreed that personal protective equipments are used during

the working hours.



CHART 19

PERSONAL PRODUCTIVE EQUIPMENTS USED DURING THE

WORKING HOURS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Yes No

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Personal protective equipment used



TABLE 20

COMPANY PROVIDE ADEQUATE PERSONAL PROTECTING EQUIPMENT

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that the 88 % of the respondents are agreed and

remaining 12% of the respondents are disagreed that adequate personal protective equipment

to be provided by organization.

.

S.No

Provide personal

protective equipment

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

88

88%

2.

No

12

12%

Total

100

100%



CHART 20

COMPANY PROVIDE ADEQUATE PERSONAL PROTECTING EQUIPMENT

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Yes No

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Provide personal protective equipment



TABLE 21

COMPANY ARRANGE FOR MEDICAL CHECK-UP

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it is inferred that the 89% of the respondents agreed and

remaining 11% of the respondents are dis agreed that the company arranged medical

Checkup regularly.

S.No

Medical check up

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

89

1

89%

2.

No

11

11%

Total

100

100%



CHART 21

COMPANY ARRANGE FOR MEDICAL CHECK-UP

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Yes No

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Medical check up



TABLE 22

MEDICAL CHECK UP ATTENDED LAST YEAR

S.No

Frequency of medical

check up

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

One time

45

45%

2.

Two time

22

22%

3.

More than two time

33

33%

Total

100

100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it inferred that 45% the respondents are attending medical

checkup one time in yearly, 33% of the respondents are attending more than two time of year

and remaining 22%, of the respondents are attending more than two times of year.



CHART 22

MEDICAL CHECK UP ATTENDED LAST YEAR

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

One time Two time More than two time

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Medical check up



TABLE 23

ORGANIZATION CAREFULLY CONDUCTING PRE AND POST-EMPLOYMENT

MEDICAL CHECK UP

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows that 91% of the respondents are says that yeas and

remaining 9% of the respondents are says that no in organization carefully conducting pre-

employment and post-employment medical checkup.

S.No

Medical check up

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

91

91%

2.

No

9

9%

Total

100

100%



CHART 23

ORGANIZATION CAREFULLY CONDUCTING PRE AND POST-EMPLOYMENT

MEDICAL CHECK UP

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Yes No

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Medical check up



TABLE 24

EMPLOYEE EXPECTED SOME MORE SAFETY TOOLS

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows that 79% of the employees expected some more safety

tools for and remaining 21% of the employees do not expected some more safety tools.

S.No

Expected some more safety

tools

No.of.Respondents

Percentage

1.

Yes

79

79%

2.

No

21

21%

Total

50

100%



CHART 24

EMPLOYEE EXPECTED SOME MORE SAFETY TOOLS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Yes No

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Expected some more safety tools

A Study on healt

A study on Employee health and safety

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