A Standards-Based Infrastructure for Interoperability in Outcome-Based Education

Michael Derntl1, Michael Totschnig2, Joris Klerkx3, Jad Najjar2, Bernd Simon2, and Erik Duval3

1 RWTH Aachen University, Information Systems & Databases, Aachen, Germany2 WU Vienna, Institute for Information Systems & New Media, Vienna, Austria

3 Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Computer Science, Leuven, Belgium

[email protected]

ICOPER was funded by the European Commission as a Best Practice Network under the eContentplus programme – http://www.icoper.org

A Standards-Based Infrastructure for

Interoperability in Outcome-Based Education

Development Methodology Metadata based linkage of instructional artifacts

Open ICOPER Content Space – http://icoper.org/oics

80,000+ sharable educational resources

17 providers, incl. ~4K learning outcomes, ~26K learning designs,

~6K teaching methods, ~2K assessment resources

� Bologna Process: focus on

learning outcomes (student

centered view)

� Learning outcomes state what

a learner

� knows, understands

(knowledge), and

� is able to do

(skills, competences)

after completing a learning

process.

� University management specifies and advertises

modular, outcome-based programs

� Program managers define common “course types”

and regulations in terms of recommended teaching

methods, assessment, and evaluation

� Instructional designers pick and reuse teaching

methods to create learning opportunities that allow

learners to achieve intended outcomes

� Teachers want to pick good-practice course designs

and contents for adaptation and delivery

� Teachers want to focus on subject matter issues, not

on process/administration issues

� Students find learning opportunities matching their

needs

� Students keep (control) institution independent

portfolios of achievements

� Companies and recruiters find graduates matching

the job qualifications

Objective: Support the full cycle of

learning design and delivery using

(profiles of) learning technology

standards and specifications

ICOPER Application Profiles

� ICOPER LOM metadata for content and

instructional models (IEEE LOM profile);

wraps

� IMS CP/LD for instructional models (learning

designs, teaching methods, assessment designs

and assessment methods)

� IMS QTI for assessment resources

� Any other resource format (Website, Picture,

SCORM, etc.)

� ICOPER LOD for learning outcome definitions

(IEEE RCD profile)

� ICOPER PALO for learning outcome profiles

(achieved/taught)

� ICOPER MLO for metadata of learning

opportunities (CEN MLO profile)

Prototype End-User Applications

ICOPER

LOM AP

ICOPER

LOM AP

1 General1 General

1.1 identifier: Identifier [1..*]

1.2 title: Langstring

1.3 language: Charstring [1..*]

1.4 description: Langstring [0..*]

1.5 keyword: Langstring [0..*]

1.6 coverage: Langstring [0..*]

1.7 structure: Structure [0..1]

1.8 aggregationLevel: {1,2,3,4} [0..1]









1 General1 General

















0..*2 LifeCycle2 LifeCycle

2.1 version: Charstring [0..1]

2.2 status: Status [0..1]



2 LifeCycle2 LifeCycle





ContributeContribute

1 role: Role

2 entity: Charstring [1..*] {vCard}

3 date: DateTime [0..1]

1 role: Role



ContributeContribute

1 role: Role



1 role: Role



4 Technical4 Technical

4.1 format: Charstring [0..*]

4.2 size: Charstring [0..1]

4.3 location: Charstring [1..*] {URL}

4.4 requirement: Requirement [0..*]

4.5 installationRemarks: Langstring [0..1]

4.6 otherPlatformRequirements: LangString [0..1] {PackageFormat}

4.7 duration: Duration [0..1]








4 Technical4 Technical















5 Educational5 Educational

5.1 interactivityType: InteractivityType [0..1]

5.2 learningResourceType: LearningResourceType [1..*]

5.3 interactivityLevel: LowToHigh [0..1]

5.4 semanticDensity: LowToHigh [0..1]

5.5 intendedEndUserRole: EndUserRole [0..*]

5.6 context: EducationalContext [0..*]

5.7 typicalAgeRange: Langstring [0..*]

5.8 difficulty: Difficulty [0..1]

5.9 typicalLearningTime: Duration [0..1]


5.11 language: Langstring [0..*]












5 Educational5 Educational























6 Rights6 Rights

6.1 cost: Boolean [0..1]

6.2 copyrightAndOtherRestrictions: Boolean [0..1]

6.3 description: Langstring [0..1]




6 Rights6 Rights







7 Relation7 Relation

7.1 kind: RelationKind7.1 kind: RelationKind

7 Relation7 Relation

7.1 kind: RelationKind7.1 kind: RelationKind

8 Annotation8 Annotation

8.1 entity: Charstring [0..1] {vCard}

8.2 date: DateTime [0..1]

8.3 description: Langstring

8.4 type: AnnotationType [0..1]





8 Annotation8 Annotation









9 Classification9 Classification

9.1 purpose: ClassificationPurpose

9.2 taxonPath: TaxonPath [0..*]







9 Classification9 Classification









0..1

1

1

1

0..1

0..*7.2 Resource7.2 Resource

7.2.1 identifier: Identifier [1..*]

7.2.2 description: Langstring [0..1]



7.2 Resource7.2 Resource





1

0..*

0..*

5.12 LearningOutcome5.12 LearningOutcome

5.12.1 identifier: Identifier5.12.1 identifier: Identifier

5.12 LearningOutcome5.12 LearningOutcome

5.12.1 identifier: Identifier5.12.1 identifier: Identifier

5.12.2 Level5.12.2 Level

5.12.2.1 name: LevelName

5.12.2.2 value: Charstring

5.12.2.3 scheme: Charstring [0..1]

5.12.2.4 description: Langstring [0..1]





5.12.2 Level5.12.2 Level









0..*

0..*

«vocabulary»

LearningResourceType

learning design

teaching method

assessment design

assessment method

assessment resource

other

[+ LOM and LRE values]

«vocabulary»

LearningResourceType

learning design

teaching method

assessment design

assessment method

assessment resource

other

[+ LOM and LRE values]

«vocabulary»

EducationalContext

school

higher education

training

other

«vocabulary»

EducationalContext

school

higher education

training

other

«vocabulary»

Role

author

publisher

unknown

initiator

terminator

validator

editor

graphical designer

technical implementer

content provider

technical validator

educational validator

script writer

instructional designer

subject matter expert

«vocabulary»

Role

author

publisher

unknown

initiator

terminator

validator

editor

graphical designer

technical implementer

content provider

technical validator

educational validator

script writer

instructional designer

subject matter expert

«vocabulary»

RelationKind

implements

uses

is variation of

is implemented by

is used by

is part of

has part

is version of

has version

is format of

has format

references

is referenced by

is based on

is basis for

requires

is required by

«vocabulary»

RelationKind

implements

uses

is variation of

is implemented by

is used by

is part of

has part

is version of

has version

is format of

has format

references

is referenced by

is based on

is basis for

requires

is required by

«vocabulary»

AnnotationType

teacher reflection

student feedback

peer review

other

«vocabulary»

AnnotationType

teacher reflection

student feedback

peer review

other

«vocabulary»

ClassificationPurpose

group size

educational setting

[+ LOM base values]

«vocabulary»

ClassificationPurpose

group size

educational setting

[+ LOM base values]

«vocabulary»

EducationalSetting

face-to-face

online

distant

blended

«vocabulary»

EducationalSetting

face-to-face

online

distant

blended

(used for 9.3, if 9.1 purpose =

"educational setting")

«vocabulary»

PackageFormat

imsld_v1p0

[+ LRE ILOX Manifest-

ation Package Names]

«vocabulary»

PackageFormat

imsld_v1p0

[+ LRE ILOX Manifest-

ation Package Names]

(used for 4.6 technical.

otherPlaformRequirements)

3 MetaMetadata3 MetaMetadata


3.3 metadataSchema: Charstring [0..*]

3.4 language: Charstring [0..1]




3 MetaMetadata3 MetaMetadata







1

2.3 contribute

0..* 3.2 contribute

«vocabulary»

Structure

atomic

collection

networked

hierarchical

linear

«vocabulary»

Structure

atomic

collection

networked

hierarchical

linear

«vocabulary»

Status

draft

final

revised

unavailable

«vocabulary»

Status

draft

final

revised

unavailable

«vocabulary»

InteractivityType

active

expositive

mixed

«vocabulary»

InteractivityType

active

expositive

mixed

«vocabulary»

LowToHigh

very low

low

medium

high

very high

«vocabulary»

LowToHigh

very low

low

medium

high

very high

«vocabulary»

EndUserRole

teacher

author

learner

manager

«vocabulary»

EndUserRole

teacher

author

learner

manager

«vocabulary»

Difficulty

very easy

easy

medium

hard

very hard

«vocabulary»

Difficulty

very easy

easy

medium

hard

very hard

MLOPALO

LOD

LOM

A Standards-Based Infrastructure for Interoperability in Outcome-Based Education

Technology

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