(a) sp hybridisation: one s orbital mixes with one p orbital, forming two equivalent sp hybrid...
6
(a) sp hybridisation: one s orbital mixes with one p orbital, forming two equivalent sp hybrid orbitals. Types of Hybridisation linear 180 two sp hybrid orbitals 50% s character 50% p character Eg. BeCl 2
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Transcript of (a) sp hybridisation: one s orbital mixes with one p orbital, forming two equivalent sp hybrid...
(a) sp hybridisation:
one s orbital mixes with one p orbital, forming two equivalent sp hybrid orbitals.
Types of Hybridisation
linear180
two sp hybrid orbitals
50% s character50% p character
Eg. BeCl2
(Linear arrangement)
2s
2px
2py
2pz
unhybridised
unhybridised
2py
2pz
sp
h
yb
rid
isati
onHybrid orbital: unequal size
lobesunhybridised
orbital: lobes of equal
size
sp Hybridisation
(b) sp2 hybridisation: one s orbital mixes with two p orbitals forming three equivalent sp2 hybrid orbitals
Types of Hybridisation
trigonal planar120
three sp2 hybrid orbitals
33.3% s character66.7% p character
Eg. BCl3
(Linear arrangement)
2s
2px
2py
2pz
sp2
h
yb
rid
isati
on
sp2 Hybridisation
unhybridised
2pz2pz
Trigonal planar arrangement
unhybridised orbital:
for π bond formation or left
vacant
Three sp2 hybrid orbitals
(c) sp3 hybridisation: one s orbital mixes with three p orbitals forming four equivalent sp3 hybrid orbitals.
Types of Hybridisation
tetrahedral109.5
four sp3 hybrid orbitals
25% s character75% p character
Eg. CH4
2s
2px
2py
2pz
sp3
h
yb
rid
isati
on
sp3 Hybridisation
Tetrahedral arrangement
Four sp3 hybrid orbitals
