A short introduction to European Transport Policy · Mobility and Transport • traffic congestion...

Mobility andTransport

A short introduction to European Transport Policy

DG MOVE, Elisabeth Werner


Transport is economically important both as:

i) individual sector and

ii) the foundation for economic growth across sectors…

Impact of transport (1/3)


• traffic congestion costs €100bn or 1% of

EU's GDP annually

• 1 billion tons CO2 of GHG emissions

(€100-150bn) every year

• 26.000 lives lost every year and 135.000

seriously injured

Accruing to approx. 4% of GDP

10 million Europeans work in transport related jobs , Around half of transport workers are in land transport (road, rails and pipelines)

Sector employs older workers and male workers disproportionaly


Higher Efficiency of the Transport System

DigitalisationDoor-to-door mobility, integrated logistics, new mobility services,

comprehensive travel informationConnected, Cooperative and

Automated Mobility

Price Signals

Internalization of external costs, user and polluter pay

Framework for road charging and electronic tolling systems

Multimodality

Multimodal integration, incentivize shift to lower emission modes

Rail freight corridors, combined transport

Alternative Energy for Transport

Production/Use

Incentives to innovate, effective solutions for all modes of transportRevision of legislation on fuels and

renewable energy

InfrastructureAvailability of infrastructure,

common standards and consumer information

EU/MS policy framework, financing, stakeholder platforms

Electromobility

Removing barriers (interoperability, real-time information)

Linking the transport and energy systems

Low and Zero-Emission Vehicles

Confidence

Trustworthy emissions testing and standards

New type approval framework, more stringent test procedure

StandardsPost-2020 standards for cars and

vansCertifying/monitoring heavy duty vehicle emissions, analytical work

on options for standards

Consumers

Consumer information through car labelling

Support through public procurement rules

Low emission mobility and Mobility packages


1. To complete the TEN-T core network

2. To remove bottlenecks and build missing links

3. To upgrade and modernise infrastructure

4. For adequate project preparation and development of pipeline

5. To overcome urban mobility challenges

#investEUtransport

Why do we need to invest in transport infrastructure?


The Key Elements Of TEN-T

• Multimodal aspects

• Ambitious standards for all infrastructures to reach interoperability and quality

• Corridors and coordinators for implementation

• More focus on innovation, alternative propulsion systems, harmonised and intelligent traffic management systems

• Sustainable transport solutions leading the process towards the achievement of the European Union's long-term transport policy objectives (meeting future mobility needs while ensuring resource efficiency and reducing carbon emissions)


Connecting Europe Facility (CEF)

• The key EU funding instrument to promote growth, jobs and competitiveness through targeted infrastructure investment at European level.

• In addition to grants, the CEF offers financial support to projects through innovative financial instruments such as guarantees and project bonds.

• The CEF is divided into three sectors:

- CEF Energy

- CEF Telecom

- CEF Transport


Road transport



Main challenges

1) Impact on the environment and climate:

• Responsible for almost a quarter of Europe's greenhouse gas emissions

• A source of high external costs (pollution, noise, congestion)

2) Source of social tension:

• High-mobile workers (drivers); Salary costs are significant for hauliers (30%)

• Companies establish in low-wage countries, while often operating in high-wage countries

• Issues of unfair competition and lack of respect of workers' rights

The Road Transport Sector


ROAD TRANSPORT STRATEGY

A Well-Functioning Internal market • Fair Competition & Workers' rights

• Decarbonisation• Digital Technologies


• Letterbox companies

• Cabotage• Light goods vehicles (LCVs)

• Hired Vehicles

Socially Fair and Competitive

Mobility

• Road Charging• Tolls versus Vignettes• Vehicles• External costs • Fighting congestion

Clean and Sustainable

Mobility• European Electronic Toll

Service (EETS):• Cross-border

enforcement• Technology• Access to market for

EETS service providers• Digital enforcement

Connected Mobility

Internal Market Social Rules

Mobility package I "Europe on the Move"

• Weekly rest • Posting of

workers • Working time


Smart Road Charging: Common Principles

• Citizens shall not be unfairly treated on the basis of their nationality e.g. discriminatory road-pricing

• Charging should be based on the distance driven (tolls) rather than on time (vignettes). This will best reflect actual usage and pollution.

• Charges based on emissions performance will make it possible to reward the most environmentally-friendly vehicles.

• Electronic tolling systems will guarantee seamless mobility across Europe


Road Safety



The Context

• The EU is the safest region in the world

• 25,300 fatalities were registered in 2017 – 300 fewer than in 2016 and 6,200 fewer than in 2010

• For every road death there are more than five people seriously injured

• Our strategic target is to reduce the number of road fatalities by 50% between 2010 and 2020, and close to zero by 2050


Mobility package III : Vehicles

Actions now

• Roadworthiness package to enter into force May 2018

• Updating the General Safety Regulation with new life-saving technologies

and in the future

• Cooperative, connected and automated mobility on EU roads

• Creating a regulatory framework for connected and automated driving


People

Facts

• About 25% of all road fatalities in Europe are alcohol-related

• Speed is a main factor for around 30% of fatal accidents

Challenges

• Improving drivers' training

• Cracking down on traffic offences

• Raising awareness


Mobility package III : Infrastructure

Facts

• Majority of fatal accidents occur on inter-urban roads (only 8% on motorways)

• 46% of road victims are vulnerable road users; their share is even higher in towns and cities

Challenges

• Strengthening rules on infrastructure safety

• Increasing safety beyond motorways

• Promoting safe and sustainable urban mobility


Railways



Context

• Rail is critical to the EU strategy for improving economic and social cohesion and connectivity

• Railway perfectly fits EU decarbonisation strategy, being one of the more environmentally friendly transport modes

• The rail sector makes a substantial contribution to the EU economy, directly employing 900,000 people…

• …but rail also absorbs €35 bn in yearly subsidies, translating into cost of €80 per every European

Source: Fifth Report on Monitoring development of the Rail Market, COM(2016) 780 final (data 2014) ,Rail Transport and environment 2015 (UIC/CER)


The rail market

Overall, passenger transport has been increasing since 1995, whereas freight is still recovering from 2009 crisis point

Source: Fifth Report on Monitoring development of the Rail Market, COM(2016) 780 final, data 2014

300320340360380400420440460

Rail transport volumes

Passengers (bil pax km) Freight (bil tonne-km)

1999 2004 2009 2014

83,1 83,6 83,6 83,3

6,9 6,6 7,1 7,510,0 9,8 9,4 9,2

Modal share - passengers

Buses/coaches Rail1999 2004 2009 2014

74,0 75,9 77,5 75,4

19,5 18,2 16,6 18,06,5 5,9 5,9 6,6

Modal share - freight

Inland Waterways Rail Road

…however modal share only slightly increased for passengers and remained stagnant for freight since 2004


fully integrated State railways

monopolies

stagnating modal share

lack of market orientation

increasing costs and indebtedness

outdated technologies

Where we were… Where we want to be

high quality, customer oriented transport services

a level playing field

cost efficient operations, lower need for public funding

market driven innovationS

ing

le E

uro

pean

Rail

way A

rea

Competitive, attractive railways

Po

licy

act

ion

s

Challenges


Rail Safety and Interoperability



ChallengesUse of different technical specifications for infrastructure:

• Different gauge widths

• Electrification standards

• Safety and signalling systems

Long and costly procedures & access barriers, caused by:

• national railway institutions

• Discrimination against new entrants

• Patchwork of national regulatory regimes and rules

Need for more standardised and simplified certification procedures


European Union Agency For RailwaysMission : Making the railway system work better for society, and to contribute to the effective functioning of a Single European Railway Area without frontiers, in particular by:

• promoting a harmonised approach to railway safety, • devising the technical and legal framework to enable removing

technical barriers, and acting as the System Authority for the Single European Train Control and Communication System (ERTMS)

S2R – Shift2Rail Joint UndertakingShift2Rail Joint Undertaking is a PPP aimed at research and innovation investments in the rail sector;

The initiative aims to double the capacity of the European rail system and increase its reliability and service quality by 50%, all while halving life-cycle costs.


EU Transportsuccess stories



Single aviation market

Where we are coming from Where we are now

A history of EU Aviation Policy


EU aviation

Ensure highest and uniform level of safety;

Contribute to the proper functioning of the internal EU air transport market:

•Mutual trust, and

•Level playing field;

Promote cost efficiency for all actors (public and industry) in the internal aviation market;

Support a strong home market for the EU aeronautical industry.


The EU Air Safety List

The EU Safety List is a list of airlines which the European Commission decided to subject to either a complete or a partial operating ban within the EU, for failure to adhere to the applicable international safety standards.

The list of airlines banned from operating in the EU has been steadily dropping.

Effectively, it contains 2 lists:

1. Airlines banned from operating in the EU

2. Airlines restricted from operating under certain conditions in the EU

Next step is to evaluate the EU Air Safety List Regulation


Multimodal Travel Information

• Exists at local, regional and national levels but more developed and advanced in northern and western Europe.

• Not truly ‘multimodal’ for all parts of Europe and

• Seriously lacks integration with the ‘first and last mile’ information i.e. starting city and end city.

• Services at all levels are more focused on static information to plan the trip but less availability of travel information during the trip which is mainly found at city level (dynamic information)


• EU-wide multimodal travel information servicesPriority Action (a)

Near to adoption

• EU-wide real-time traffic information services Priority Action (b)

Adopted

• Road safety related minimum universal traffic information free of charge to users

Priority Action (c)Adopted

• the Interoperable EU-wide eCallPriority Action (d)

Adopted

• Information services for safe and secure parking places for trucks and commercial vehicles

Priority Action (e)Adopted


Passenger Rights



16-22 September every year (launched in 2002)

• Pan-European campaign culminating in Car-Free Day. • Aim: to encourage European municipalities to introduce and promote

sustainable transport. • 2017 theme: "Clean, shared and intelligent mobility"• 2526 cities from 50 countries in and outside of Europe participated • Each year, approximately 7500 permanent measures are taken


Together on the Global StageEU, Member States and Industry Acting

• Promote regulatory convergence and European standards worldwide

• Support sustainable and efficient inter-connected transport networks

• Support the positions of European industry in overseas markets

• Undertake research to propose innovative solutions for safer, cleaner, and more competitive transport

A short introduction to European Transport Policy · Mobility and Transport • traffic congestion...

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