A Seminar on

Dated: 24th September 2011

P.G. Department of Geology

Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur

2011 - 2012

GUIDED BY

MR. B. S. MANJARE

1. NARRATIVE

2. SPACE TECHNOLOGIES IN SUPPORT OF NATIONAL POWER

3. TYPES OF SATELLITES & LAUNCH VEHICLES

4. IRS SATELLITE AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS

5. APPLICATIONS IN GEOLOGY

6. SUMMARY

7. REFERENCES

Period After 1945 Space Research Headed By Dr.

Vikram Sarabhai & Homi Bhabha

In1957, the soviet union successfully launched

first satellite sputnik

In the 1960s, the soviet union enabled ISRO with

close ties.

NARRATIVE

Design & Development of Satellites

Post launch management of satellite system

OBJECTIVE OF ISRO

Dr. Vikram Sarabhai

SPACE TECHNOLOGIES IN SUPPORT OF NATIONAL POWER

Support of economy areas like water shade , agriculture, geology, water resource etc.

Establishment of NNRM providing operational remote sensing data services

Indian National Satellites (INSAT) & Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites

prime objective to develop space

technology and application various national

tasks

TYPES OF SATELLITES & LAUNCH VEHICLES

Sun-synchronous

Geo-synchronous

1. PSLV 2.GSLV

Learning phase

Aryabhata (360Kg), Bhaskara-I,II (Remote Sensing)

First indigenous satellite launched July 1980 Rohini1 (40Kg)

with the help of SLV rocket

IRS SATELLITE AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS

IRS 1A Launch Date: 17 MARCH 1988

I st in series of Remote Sensing Satellite

Polar sun synchronous orbit from the vostok in USSR

Mission completed July 1996

after serving for 8 years

ORBITAL PARAMETER

Altitude - 904 Km

Inclination - 99 degrees

Local Time - 9:40 A.M

Repetivity - 22 Days

Orbits/day-14

Period -103 minutes

Sensors- LISS-I, LISS-II

IRS-1A IRS-1BL. Date 29.08.1991

ORBITAL PARAMETERS

IRS-P2(L.D:15 OCT.1994)

Resolution: 32.74 meter

Repetivity :24 days

LISS - I Sensor LISS - II Sensor

Resolution -36.25 m

Swath -74 x 2 km

Repetivity -22 days

Spectral Bands

0.45 - 0.52 microns (B)

0.52 - 0.59 microns (G)

0.62 - 0.68 microns (R)

0.77 - 0.86 microns

(NIR)

Resolution -72.5 m

Swath -148 km

Repetivity- 22 days

Spectral Bands

0.45 - 0.52 microns (B)

0.52 - 0.59 microns (G)

0.62 - 0.68 microns (R)

0.77 - 0.86 microns

(NIR)

Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensors (LISS)

Solid state detectors.

Charge Coupled Devices (CCD).

Terrain in the cross track

Detector stored image & form scan lines

Two dimensional picture.

Resolution depends on no. of photo

detector & the swath.

1C Launch Date:19May, 19951D Launch Date:27 Sep, 1997

2nd Generation Satellite

Large Ground Station Network

On Board Tape Recorder (OBTR) with capacity

of 62 Gb, storing data 24 min.

Enhanced Payloads like better Spatial

resolution additional spectral band, improved

repetitively

ORBITAL PARAMETER

Orbit: Polar Sun synchronous

Altitude: 817 Km

Inclination: 98.69 deg

L.Time:10:30 A.M (descending

mode)

Repetivity: 24 Days

Orbits/cycle :341

Period:101.35 min

Sensors: PAN, LISS-III, WiFS

Mission completed

IRS1C

Mission completed

IRS1D

IRS

LISS III

• 23.5m and 70m

resolution, 3 spectral

bands V-NIR (23.5m

resolution), 24 day

repeat cycle, swath

141km

WiFS

• 188m resolution,

810km swath, 2

spectral bands, 5 day

revisit

PANCHROMATIC SENSORS

• 5.8m resolution (Pan

only), 5 day revisit by

tilting the camera

Altitude:

817 Km

IRS1C IRS1D

Oceansat-1 Launch Date: 26May 1999

first satellite built for Ocean applications

weight 1050 kg orbit by PSLV-C2 Sriharikota.

Two sensor Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM)

Multi - frequency Scanning Microwave Radiometer (MSMR) for oceanographic studies.

Extend applications to several newer areas.

Having swath 1420km to 1660km

Mission completed on August 8, 2010

3rd Generation

Resourcesat-1 & 2

Mission Objectives: Provide continued remote sensing data for integrated land & water resource

management with enhanced multi-spectral / spatial coverage and stereo imaging.

Further carry out studies improved urban planning, national security, forestry and

disaster management.

Launch Date 17Oct,2003Launch Date 20 April,2011

Resourcesat-1 & 2 Features

ORBITAL PARAMETER

Orbit height : 817 km

Orbit period : 101.35 min

Number of Orbits per day : 14

Local Time Equator crossing : 10.30 a.m.

Payload :

Repetivity (LISS-3) : 24 days (341 orbits)

Revisit (LISS-4) : 5 days

Lift-off Mass : 1,360 kg

Power : Solar Array generating 1250 W

Mission Life : 5 years

CARTOSAT-1 (IRS P5) Launch date 5 May,2005

ORBITAL PARAMETER

Orbital Altitude : 618 km

Inclination : 97.87 degree

Local time: 10:30 AM

Revisit : 5 days

Repetition: 126 days

Orbits/day: 14

Period : 97minutes

Payload: two PAN sensors

Mission Objectives:

design & develop stereo

imaging & cartographic

applications.

stimulate areas of user

applications in urban

management, mineral

exploration, & disaster

management

PAN SENSOR

16

Aft lookFore look

Stereo viewing

Facility for across track tilt to

give better revisit

2.5 m resolution

260

50

Launched 1/10/07

An advance sensor to give specific spot imagery.

Images use- detailed mapping, infrastructure development & management

Land Information System (LIS) & Geographical Information System (GIS).

Altitude: 630 km

Period: 97.4 min.

Time descend : 9.30 am

Orbits/day: 14

Revisit: 4 days

Repitivity: 310 day

Power: solar array

Pay load: PAN

Operational life: 5 years

Resolution : better than 1mtSwath: 9.6 km

Spectral band: 0.5-0.85 mm

Solid state recorder: 64 GB capacity for image storage

ORBITAL PARAMETER

PAN specification

4th Generation Cartosat-2

APPLICATION IN GEOLOGY

Used for resources survey and management under National Natural Resources Management System (NNRMS) various application are:

Drought monitoring based on vegetation condition.

Flood risk zone mapping

Hydro-geomorphologic maps

Irrigationarea status monitoring

Land use and land cover mapping

Mineral Prospecting

Coastal studies

Forest survey

SUMMARY

Synoptic View: high altitude very large area from a narrowlook angle to recognize large structural pattern.

Repetitive coverage: routinely monitoring of changes andseasonal effect studies.

Uniformity over time: passes over the given area atapproximately same time of the day and hence repetitivecoverage is obtained. It gives valuable uniformity

Uniformity over vast area: coverage in every directionpossible to compile mosaic images of good consistency andaccuracy for vast areas

REFERENCES

Assefa M. Melesse et.al. (2007), Remote Sensing Sensors and Applications in Environmental Resources Mapping and Modeling, Sensors, 7, 3209-3241

Dr. Ravi Prakash Gupta(2008), Remote Sensing Geology- 2--th Edition, Germany:

Springer-Verlag Heidelberg, 53-121

Joseph. G. (1996), Imaging sensors for remote sensing, Remote Sensing Rev.13, 257–342.

Josea Sobrino et.al. (2004), Land surface temperature retrieval from LANDSAT TM 5, Journal of Remote Sensing of Environment, 90, 434-440

K kasturirangan (1995), “present scenario and future thrusts”, Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 23(1), 1-6

Saumitra Mukherjee (2008), Role of Satellite Sensors in Groundwater Exploration, School of Environmental Sciences, New Delhi. Sensors, 8, 2006-2016

Paul J Curran (1985), Principles of Remote Sensing, London & New York: library of congress catalog Longman group Ltd., 130-226

Ranganath R. Navalgund, V. Jayaraman, P. S. Roy (2007), Remote sensing applications: An overview, CURRENT SCIENCE, 93(12)25, 1747-1766

Sylvie Soudarissanane etc. (2011), Scanning geometry: Influencing factor on the quality of terrestrial laser scanning points, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 66, 389–399

PSLV

GSLV

SRE

GSLV- MkII

Thermal

Protection

Systems

93 ..

2001 ..

2005

2010

2015

2025

SSTO

Satellite with

replaceable

Power

& Propulsion

System

Multi platform

Multi parameter

Multi resolution

Inflatable Antenna

Astrosat

IRS Series

INSAT Series

Newer

Bands

INDAIN SPACE MISSION : ROAD MAP

Thank you……