A. S. Wylie, Jr. and J. R. Wood Michigan Technological University Permeability and Porosity Imaging...
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Transcript of A. S. Wylie, Jr. and J. R. Wood Michigan Technological University Permeability and Porosity Imaging...
A. S. Wylie, Jr. and J. R. Wood
Michigan Technological University
Permeability and Porosity Imaging of a Niagaran Reef
Per
mea
bil
ity
[md
]
30
0
Niagaran Reef – Generalized Facies
Time Surface ? Debatable
after Gill (1977)
Salina Evaporite and Carbonate Units Enclose Reefs
500 ft
500 ft
VE 2X
MAP(next)
STROMATOLITE
BOUNDSTONE
WACKESTONE
REEFCONGLOMERATE
Belle River Mills Structure Map
Top Reef
CI: 50 ft
10 11
14
0.5 mile
-1900
-1600
N
Maximum height400 ft above
Non-reef BrownNiagaran
XSEC
Cored Well (34 total)
Reef Rubble Well
Reef Well
Deviated well
Avg-9.4% (1824)
Avg-10.7% (761)
Avg-79 md(1824)
[231, 100-7000]
Avg-260 md (2259)
[416, 100-7000]
Avg-11 md (761)
[13, 100-7000]
Avg-9.9 (177)
Core – Porosity & Permeability (all samples in Reef by Rock Type)
Gill (1977)
Number ofsamples
(###)
0 35 0
0
0
0
0
0 35
35
35
100
100
100
Avg-10.7% (2259)
0 100
Avg-48 md(177)
[22, 100-7000]
0.10
1.00
10.00
100.00
1000.00
10000.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00
0.10
1.00
10.00
100.00
1000.00
10000.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00
0.10
1.00
10.00
100.00
1000.00
10000.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00
0.10
1.00
10.00
100.00
1000.00
10000.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00
Core Phi vs. Perm – By Rock TypeSTROMATOLITE
CONGLOMERATE
WACKESTONE
BOUNDSTONE
Per
mea
bilit
y (m
d)
Porosity (%)
n=761
n=2259
n=1824
n=177
Visualization Animation Example – Permeability 25 – 30+ millidarciesStromatolite
Conglomerate
Wackestone
Boundstone
non-reef Niagaran
cored interval
VE10X
Reef Permeability Cumulative Percent – all samples
30 md (70%)
Core Permeability (millidarcies)
Per
cen
t
4980samples
> 30 mdRESET to 30 md
Reef Permeability – By Rock Type30 md (70%)
Core Permeability (millidarcies)
Per
cen
t
4980samples
> 30 mdRESET to 30 md
Permeability Distributionred voxels are 27 – 30+ millidarcies
Many other methods for modeling permeability VE10X
Log Curve Amplitude Slicing - Review
Top Reef
Base Reef,
Time-surface (?)
– Any regularly sampled data from boreholes
– One or more correlative, bounding time-surfaces
WEST EAST
(e.g. Log or Core curve data)
0.5
SLICES
250 ft
Niagaran Core – One Permeability Slice31 Wells Slicing Bottom Up
Belle River Mills Reef Limit
N
1 mile Well/Core Control PointContour Interval 4 millidarcies
0 100md
23672PERMCURVE
SLICE175
23672(log scale)
Zero PermBoundary
Niagaran Core Permeability Animation31 Wells Slicing Bottom Up
Belle River Mills Reef Limit
N1 mile Well/Core Control Point
Contour Interval 4 millidarcies
0 100md23672
(log scale)
Niagaran Core – One Porosity Slice31 Wells Slicing Bottom Up
Belle River Mills Reef Limit
1 mile Well/Core Control PointContour Interval 4% porosity
N
PHI0 20%
23672
SLICE175
23672PHI
CURVE
Zero PhiBoundary
Niagaran Core Porosity Animation31 Wells Slicing Bottom Up
Belle River Mills Reef Limit
1 mile Well/Core Control PointContour Interval 4% porosity
N
PHI0 20%
23672
Key Trends – Core Perm, Core Phi & GR
Slice145
Gamma RayCore PorosityCore Permeability
Slice 324
WACKESTONE
UppermostBOUNDSTONE
more control wells
2D and 3D Visualization aids interpretation of Permeability and Porosity Trends
in the Reef
Better targeting analysis for vertical and horizontal wells
VE10X
( 25+ md )
Perforated Intervals versus Permeability 20 - 30+ md
Perforated interval (original)VE10X
Improved completions, secondary, and tertiary projects
Best Storage versus Best Deliverability
BEST POROSITY BEST PERMEABILITY
Perforated interval( > 13% ) ( 25+ md )
VE10X
Storage and Deliverability vs. Rock Type
BEST POROSITY BEST PERMEABILITY
Rock Types( > 13% ) ( 25+ md )
VE10X