A Report on the Conversion of Some Cordillera Forests Into Farms
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Transcript of A Report on the Conversion of Some Cordillera Forests Into Farms
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Elevation> 60% with more than 500 m. above sea level> 239 small and large mountains> Mt. Pulag, 2nd highest mountain in the country
with elevation of 2,922 meters above sea level
Slope> 90% is above 18% in slope ranging from
rolling, steep to very steep slopes
Forestland / Timberland= 1,554,351 hectares
or 85.15%Alienable & Disposable Lands= 275,017 hectares
or 14.85%
Ninety-nine (99%) or 1,821,691 ha. of CAR totalland area of 1,829,368 ha. is serving as awatershed supporting domestic, irrigation andinfrastructure projects within and outside theregion.
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La Union
Ilocos Sur
Ilocos Norte
Cagayan
Isabela
Nueva Viscaya
Pangasinan
Agno : 128,725.25 haDrains at San Manuel,Pangasinan, R-1
Magat : 232,445.57 haDrains at Ramon, Isabela, R-2
Abra : 441,501.88 haDrains at Santa, Ilocos SurR-1
Cabicungan : 5,888.06 haDrains at Claveria, Cagayan, R-2
Bued : 18,473.81 haDrains at Rosario, La UnionR-1
Aringay : 19,455.43 haDrains at Aringay, La UnionR-1
Naguilian : 25,939.02 ha Drains at Naguilian, La unionR-1
Amburayan : 60,848.21 haDrains at Tagudin, Ilocos Sur, R-1
Apayao-Abulog : 265,094.69 haDrains at Abulog, Cagayan, R-2
Chico : 405,670.60 haDrains at Tuao, Cagayan, R-2
Siffu-Mallig : 150,258.12 haDrains at Mallig, Isabela, R-2
Silag : 12,244.05 haDrains at Sta.Maria,Ilocos Sur, R-1
Zumigui-Ziwanan : 55,146.89 haDrains at Pamplona, Cagayan, R-2
13 MAJOR WATERSHEDS
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Supposedly, CAR is a big WATERSHED
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CAR is the source of water for four (4)Large hydropower plants and severalmini-hydropower plants in the regionsupplying the main transmission grid ofthe country
• Ambuklao 75 MW (rehab on-going)
• Magat 360 MW• Binga 100 MW• San Roque 345 MW• Mini-Hydro (14) 110 MW (potential power)
Magat Dam
Binga Dam
Ambuklao Dam
San Roque Dam
OUR VAST POTENTIALS
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CAR is the biggest source of water for irrigationsystems of our neighboring lowland regions with atotal service area of 208,065 hectares and irrigatedarea of 128,909 hectares.
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OUR FOREST
Our forest comprises 85% of the total landarea. The protection forest covers 63% ofwhich much of our water comes from andfresh, cool air we breathe….
Province Production Protection
TotalArea (has.)
%Area (has.)
%
AbraApayaoBenguetIfugaoKalingaMT. Province
123,287143,407
20,483106,891136,336
48,203
404210475125
185,231217,219194,795117,804131,216146,479
603890534975
308,518343,626215,278224,695267,552194,682
Regional total
578,607 37 195,744 63 1,554,351 Protection Forest
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OUR PROTECTED AREAS
Initial Protected Areas ( 78,392 Ha.)Mt. Pulag National Park 11,550 haCassamata Hill National Park 57 haBalbalasang-Balbalan National Park 20,864 haMt. Data National Park 5,512 haMarcos Highway Watershed Forest Reserve 6,105 haLower Agno Watershed Forest Reserve 34,304 ha
Proposed Protected Areas ( 30,603.866 ha.)Aran Cave 107 haMarag Valley 10,786 haMt. Kalawitan 12,143 haMt. Poswey 3,168 haAgora Wildlife Sanctuary 2,816 haNagan-Maton 3,533 haQuilling Cave 50.866 ha
Proclaimed Protected Area (77,698 Ha.)Upper Agno River Basin Resource Reserve 77,698 ha
Total Area: 188,693.866 ha. (10% of the total watershed)
CAR is endowed with beautiful areas that needto be protected. A legacy for the present andfuture generations to see.
La Union
Ilocos Sur
IlocosNorte
Cagayan
Isabela
Nueva Viscaya
Pangasinan
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OUR LAND CONCERNS
The Land Management is mandated toadminister, survey, manage, and disposeAlienable and Disposable (A&D) lands and othergovernment lands not placed under thejurisdiction of other government agencies.
Of the 15% Alienable and Disposable lands inthe region’s total land area, the regionundertakes Forestland Boundary Delineationand Land Use Allocation, Cadastral Survey,Patent Issuance and Densification of PRS ’92Control Points.
With this, the region delineated 1,631 kms. offorestline boundary, forestland use assessmentof 163,100 ha. and staked 4,893 old/proposed LCcorners. Issued 9,514 patents covering 4,832 ha.and 588 PRS’92 stations were established toname a few.
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MT. PULAG NATIONAL PARK
SITUATIONER(as of July 2009)
A report by the DENR-CAR
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Mt. Pulag Fast Facts
Touted by mountaineering enthusiasts as a mightymountain to conquer, Mt. Pulag towers majestically at2,922 METERS above sea level, it is the secondhighest summit in the Philippines .
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Mt. Pulag Fast Facts
• It has a total land area of 11,500 hectares, it is a unique mountain ecosystem embracing several mountain peaks that have water courses running through sharp slopes of public domain that straddles portions of the provinces of Benguet, Ifugao and Nueva Viscaya.
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Mt. Pulag Fast Facts• It was officially established on February 20, 1987 By
virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 75. It was then called Mt. Pulog National Park. In 1997, it was renamed to Mt. Pulag National Park by its Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) to conform to the traditionally known name of the mountain.
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Mt. Pulag Fast FactsProclamations Protecting Mount Pulag and Surrounding Areas
Source: DENR-CAR (2008)
PROCLAMATIONS DATE OF ISSUANCE COVERAGE (HECTARES) AREAS COVERED
Proclamation No. 217 (Central Cordillera Forests Reservation) by Gov. Gen. Henry Stimson of the U.S. colonial government (as amended by Proc. 1758)
February 16, 1929 74,631 Various areas of the region, including Mount
Pulag and upstream Agno
Proclamation 120 (Upper Agno Watershed Reservation) by Pres. Marcos
November 25, 1966 9,700 Atok and Bokod, Benguet
Proclamation No. 548 (Ambuklao-Binga Watershed Forest Reserve) by Pres. Marcos
April 19, 1969 63,650 Atok and Bokod, Benguet
Proclamation No. 75 (Mount Pulag National Park) by Pres. Aquino
February 20, 1987 11,550 Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, and Ifugao
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Most recent proclamation:
• Proclamation No. 268 –Upper Agno River
Basin Resource Reserve (UARBRR) -77,561 hectares
Based from:
Proclamation 548--63,650 hectares
Proclamation 120 -- 9700 hectares
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Mt. Pulag Fast Facts• Aside from its biologically diverse environment, Mt. Pulag National Park is also
known for its rich cultural heritage being home to four ethno linguistic groups whose traditions and culture particularly in relation to protecting the Park’s natural resource has made the Park retain most of its natural heritage. During the past decade however, their culture and tradition began to erode because of the introduction of the cash economy. This has started the fast disappearance of the natural resources particularly the forest which is illegally cut for logs then sold, or cleared for gardens or farms to plant cash crops.
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Mt. Pulag Fast Facts
• Mt. Pulag is inhabited by indigenous peoples that includes the Kalanguyas, Ibalois, Kankanaeys, Karaos and other ethnic tribes. There are a total of 13 barangays that comprise the park with an estimated 18,000 residents.
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Mt. Pulag Fast Facts
• Mt. Pulag is one of the eighteen sites identified as ecosystems and habitats containing high plant diversity in the country. It has floral affinities with those of temperate continental Asia, Australasia and to some extent Peninsular Malaysia. Studies showed that Mt Pulag contains 528 plant species and 42% of which are endemic to the area.
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Mt. Pulag Fast Facts
• The park is habitat of 76 bird species, 14 species of which are migratory, 9 are endemic to Luzon and 30 species are endemic to the Philippines. Also, 14 bird species have a global distribution of less than 50,000 sq. km and 9 are threatened species. In addition, several threatened species of mammals are present in the Park which includes Philippine Brown Deer, Northern Giant Cloud rat, and Long-haired Fruit Bat.
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Mt. Pulag Fast Facts
• As part of the vast Cordillera mountain system, Mt.Pulag serves as a watershed providing the waternecessities of many stakeholders for domestic andindustrial use, irrigation, hydroelectric powerproduction and aquaculture . It is the main watersource and watershed of the dams in Ifugao,Benguet and Pangasinan
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BUT as of the present, Mt. Pulag National Park is facing several threatsand constraints which include the expansion and encroachment ofagricultural farms, timber poaching and wildlife hunting, unregulatedtourism, infrastructure development, bio-prospecting activities,overlapping of tenurial instruments and diverse indigenous resourcemanagement and practices and the detrimental influence of economy ofsupply and demand.
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A police points out to a clearing as if to show--How to devastate a forest, the Mt. Pulag lesson.
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The devastation continues……….
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The pillage starts at the foothills and gradually climbs to the highest possible “farm site”. Nothing is spared, even the tiniest plant which are removed to give way to a patch of cabbages, potatoes or whatever…..that means cash!
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Before the gardens, the trees are cleared but it is not clear where these cut lumber are delivered, another extra income for the “enterprising farmer”. Recently, a DENR team with the support of the PNP went to confiscate these illegally cut lumber.
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After felling the trees, the “farm is cleared”. The weeds and the tiniest plants would be killed so it won’t hamper the growth of the vegetables.
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The devastation was perfect!, the treesdown to its roots are dead, the small plantsand the weeds were incorporated into the soil,the exposed stones are lined-up to delineatethe “tax-declared” properties , the gardens areready for the seeds, and its clear cash in aboutthree months.
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This tree and those below were still standing in June, 2009 but because it hampered the growth of the potatoes, it was killed and by July, 2009, it became just a plain fertilizer material incorporated into the soil.
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THE INVASION OF THE BACKHOES – a brightorange, yellow, green, virtually all colors of thecolor spectrum and even a camouflage one justlike the one’s used in war and Mt. Pulag is indistress because of the invasion of thesecontraptions courtesy of the so called“enterprising” vegetable farmers and theirfinanciers who think that vegetables are moreimportant than trees. These backhoes couldflatten a mountain once profused withcenturies-old trees in a few hours and prepare itinto vegetable gardens which is what ishappening now to Mount Pulag. The Mt. PulagNational Park area is supposed to be aprotected area as proclaimed but someindividuals have been issued with “taxdeclarations” by way of some local legislationsand so the farmers with their “tax declarations”continue to exploit “their properties”, nevermind the possible environmental catastrophethat their activities may bring in the future.More vegetable farms means more money tothe farmer but with this mindset, the biologicaland socio-cultural importance of this preciousmountain said to be “enchanting and divine“ byits residents and even visitors will be gone in afew years time.
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Trees that are hundreds, maybe thousand of years old and God only knows, virtually zapped because of man’s greed.
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DENR-CAR RED Primitivo C. Galinato Jr. and OIC-PENRO Godfrey Cawis confer withKabayan, Benguet Mayor Faustino M. Aquisan on the possible solutions to the presentenvironmental situation of the Mt. Pulag National Park.
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RED Primitivo C. Galinato Jr., who personally visited the Lake Tabeyo part inside the Mt. Pulag National Park and saw the massive destruction of the area. He was accompanied by PAWCZMS RTD Reynald Yawan, OIC PENRO-Benguet Godfrey Cawis and OIC-CENRO Baguio Edgardo Flor together with other technical personnel.
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RED Galinato consulting with his technical personnel at the site.
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RED Galinato with OIC-CENRO Baguio Ed Flor and Mt. Pulag PASU Emerita Albas
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RED Galinato conferring with Kabayan Mayor Aquisan and one of the barangay captains of one of the barangays of Kabayan.
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RED Galinato conferring with the police. At the forefront is RTD Reynald Yawan.
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Because of the observation during the actual field inspection, the DENR-CAR under the leadership of RED Primitivo C. Galinato Jr. initiated immediate actions in the area such as:● Confiscation of the illegally-cut lumbers ;● Filing of Cases in Court;● Meeting with the LGU’s and explaining to the consequences of the forest degradation;● Meeting with the RDC, the Tanggol-Kalikasan and other groups expounding about the sorry state of the protected area and its current situation and asking for their support;● Putting-up of a permanent Ranger Stations in Mt. Pulag including other reported hot-spot areas.
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With Kabunian’s grace and the conviction of the present DENR management to protect it, it is hoped that the richness of this majestic and
mystic mountain and that of the entire Cordilleras shall be with man forever…….
Presentation prepared by:DENR-CAR RPAO
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