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A Presentation ofA Presentation ofA Presentation ofA Presentation of

UL EnvironmentUL Environment40119188

Healthy Indoor Air Quality by DesignULEIAQ

Paul BatesDate

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Participants will understand the impact of indoor air poll tion on h man health The

CourseDescription

indoor air pollution on human health. They will also be able to identify sources of indoor air pollutants and view several case studies of the effects of controlling versus not controlling indoor environmental quality at the design phase of building construction. Emphasis is drawn to the importance of emissions of VOCs over content only requirements. Moreover, the participants will learn the value of selectingparticipants will learn the value of selecting certified low emitting products as a proven method for controlling VOC emissions (volatile organic compounds) that invade the indoor environment.

LearningObjectives

At the end of the this course, participants will be able to:

1. Understand the impact of indoor air pollution on human health

2. Identify sources of indoor air pollutants

3. Understand the difference between low VOC emission and low VOC content

4. Understand the value of selecting gcertified low emitting products

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Healthy Indoor Air Quality by DesignHealthy Indoor Air Quality by Design

Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. C tifi t f C l ti f b th

This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not i l d t t th t bCertificates of Completion for both

AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.

include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner ofhandling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product._______________________________________

Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

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This CEU is registered with the Interior Design Continuing Education Council (IDCEC) for continuing education credits. This credit will be accepted by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID), International Interior Designers Association (IIDA), and Interior Designers of Canada (IDC).

The content included in not deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by IDCEC of any material or construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product

Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services should be directed to the instructor or provider of this CEU.

This program, Healthy Indoor Air Quality by Design, is registered for 0.1 CEU value.

The IDCEC Class Code is:

•This CEU will be reported on your behalf to IDCEC and you will receive an email notification. Please log in and complete the electronic survey for this CEU.•Certificated of completion will be automatically issued once you have submitted the online survey for this CEUthis CEU.•Attendees who do no belong to ASID, IIDA, or IDC and do not have a unique IDCEC number will be provided with a Certificate of Completion from the CEU provider.

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ASHRAE  Standard 62.1‐2010 states: Air in which there are no known contaminants at harmful concentrations as determined by cognizant authorities and with which a substantial majority (80% or more) of people exposed do not express dissatisfaction

What’s your opinion?

Today’s Docket

Indoor Air Quality

Enhance the 

Content v Emissions

Enhance the quality of air

Who to trust

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Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

Inorganic and organic particulates, allergens

Formaldehydes / Aldehydes

I o g i  & Inorganic & combustion  gases

Mold & mildew

Carcinogenic and endocrine disrupting pesticides were 

detected in more than 50% of 

those tested

Fire retardant chemicals (PBDEs) were  in the 

serum of nearly all people sampled

BPA was found in 90% of urine samples; females higher levels than 

men, children had highest levels

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Eye irritation

Headache

Upper Respiratory Irritation

Nausea 

Di iDizziness

Fatigue

Sore or dry throat

Nose bleed

Every day in the U.S.e y day t e U.S.

40,000people miss work due to asthma

30,000 people suffer attacks

5,000 people visit the ER due to a severe attack

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Air pollutants 

are 2‐5Xhigher inside than outside

$63 B /year loss from lost productivity and increased healthcare costs (National Energy Management Institute, 2010)

1.5 M out of 4.5 M US commercial buildings have unacceptable 

IAQ affecting 55Mworkers (US EPA and NEMI 2010)

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Shift from natural to mostly synthetic materials

Buildings don’t breathe

Designs can lack necessary contextual response

Decreased ventilation

Compacted work spaces

Not addressed:Particulates smaller than 10 micrometersPe ti idePesticidesFlame retardantsPlastics: Bisphenol‐A (BPA), Plasticizers, Phthalates

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95% of the materials submitted by submitted by manufacturers are listed as “proprietary in nature” and th f   t therefore not disclosed to the public. (Enviro & Human Health Inc, report 2010)

Only 5 of the 20,000 Only 5 of the 20,000 

chemicals  introduced since 1976 are banned by EPA (source: Environment and Human Health, Inc. report, Wargo, 2010)

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26 un‐tinted paint samples tested Stated content VOC level between 0 g/l and 150 g/lTested using dynamic Environmental Testing chambers and 14 day testing

Content v. Emissions

.

Findings:7 samples had formaldehyde emissions above the CA CREL limit for dry product emissions (9ug/m3)2 samples had ethylene glycol emissions above the ½ CA CREL limit (200ug/m3)

Conclusions:VOC content can not be correlated to VOC emissionsImpact: If used, TVOC levels may impact building clearance testing

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CAL 01350 covers 35 individual chemicals of concern when there are

over 13,000 that emit from man‐made products

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Content v. Emissions in LEED Credits

LEED Program 2009

Version 3 BD&C BD&C HealthcareBD&C

Schools ID&C

Credit 4.1-Adhesives/Sealants content content emissions contentAdhesives/Sealants content content emissions content

Credit 4.2Paints Coatings content

content (Op 2 paint)

emissions content

emissions (Op 2 ceiling /wallpaper)

Credit 4.3Flooring Systems emissions emissions emissions emissionsFlooring Systems emissions emissions emissions emissions

Credit 4.4Composite

Wood/Agri-fiber content content emissions content

Credit 4.5 Furniture/Furnishings n/a emissions emissions emissions

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Respond to site context

Effective programmatic layout

Proper ventilation design and Proper ventilation design and zoning

Low‐emitting material specifications

International Green Construction Code (IgCC)—March 2012;   Chapter 8

ASHRAE 189.1 – 2009:  Chapter 8

Collaborative for High Performance Schools—2002; Section 2.2

NAHB National Green Building Standard (ICC 700)  2008;  Standard (ICC 700)  2008;  Chapter  9

CALGreen—2011; Section 4.5 Residential and Section 5.5 non‐residential

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Wet before dry –beware the sink effect!

Protect your ventilation

Employ a moisture and IEQ manager

Encourage good housekeeping for all onsite workersonsite workers

Pre‐occupancy Indoor Air Quality Test

Flush‐out of building OR perform air testing

Flush out usually more expensive ; 14,000 cu. ft/sq ft of floor area  (outdoor air)

IAQ T i   P  C di  R  IAQ Testing:  Prepare, Coordinate, React Specify Low Emitting products when possible

Use EQ Credit 3.1 Construction IAQ Mgmt Plan during Construction

Use only qualified LEED professionals and Use only qualified LEED professionals and consultants to perform

React in case of failure

Report should comply with LEED Online project documentation 

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Green procurement guidelines

Establish a high performance cleaning programp g

Educate staff on green housekeeping procedures

Establish regular HVAC and moisture management plans

Perform regular IAQ testing

“Green products do not have anywhere near the level of quality and durability of their 

“normal” counterparts”

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A Tale of Two Buildings

Owner: State of Washington,Department of Natural Resources

New Construction

Indoor Air Quality Prioritized: Proper installation sequence for  materials

Temporary ventilation during construction 

Lo e itti g  te i l   e ifiedLow‐emitting materials specified

Indoor Air Quality testing before occupancy

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Levels Taken for Building 1

250

300

250

μg/

m3

50

100

150

200

250

Formaldehyde

TVOC

Particles

200175

92

0

50

Criteria Measured Value 1 Week

Measured Value 2 Weeks

Measured Value 12 Weeks

20 20 12 20 90 0

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Owner: Private,Atlanta Telecommunications 

Company

New Construction

Indoor Air Quality was not i iti d  prioritized  

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3000

3500 3200

2800

Levels Taken for Building 2μ

g/m

3

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Formaldehyde

TVOC

Particles600

0

500

Criteria Measured Value 1 Week

Measured Value 2 Weeks

Measured Value after 12 

Weeks

20 20200 92 110 90 84 116

Durability 3.50Low VOC emissions 3.11Formaldehyde‐free 3.06Life cycle cost 2.98No VOC emissions 2.90

1 = not important2 = somewhat important3 = very important4 = extremely important…To A/D Specifiers

o O o 9Recycled content(post) 2.86Recycled content(pre) 2.83Recyclable/compostable 2.81LCA 2.75Rapidly renewal material 2.71Biodegradability 2.61Total VOCs (TVOC) 2.59Carbon content 2.493rd party certification 2.45PVC free (no vinyl) 2.22Phthalate emissions 2.20

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Most commonly specified green products(Courtesy: BDC Magazine June 2011)

California DPH Section 01350 required in:

NSF 140 Carpet

NSF 332 Resilient Flooring

ULE 100 Gypsum

ULE 102 DoorsULE 102 Doors

ULE 105 Ceiling Tiles

ULE 115  Insulation

ULE 106 Luminaries 

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LEED and IAQ Issues Credit Attainment Survey (GEI Survey: August 2011)

LEED Rating System: IAQ related Credits

% Not Achieved Reason for non attainmentrelated Credits attainment

3.2 IAQ Testing Before Occupancy

40% TVOC levels

4.1 Adhesives/ Sealants 10% Content

4.2 Paints Coatings Coverings

6.7% Contentg

4.3 Flooring Systems 11.7% Emissions

4.4 Composite Wood / Agrifiber

47% Content of Formaldehyde

4.5 Furniture/ Furnishings 55% Emissions

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SCAQMD, GREENGUARD Children & Schools

Green Seal, SCAQMD, GREENGUARD Children & Schools

CRI Green Label Plus, ,GREENGUARD Children & Schools

No added urea-formaldehyde

GREENGUARD Children & Schools

IAQ v. Carbon Footprint…or things I tell people I care about….

Human health aspects not equally valued as integral to sustainable buildings

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Where can I find guidance?

Pharos ProjectPharos Project

Green Spec Product Guide

Green Format    

NAHB RC Green Approved Products

Practice Greenhealth EPP Guide

www.ul.com/environment

www.greenguard.org

www.epa.gov/iaq

www lungusa org/air/air indoorwww.lungusa.org/air/air_indoor

www.aerias.org

www.usgbc.org

www.sinsofgreenwashing.org

Resources for Indoor Air Quality

www.ashrae.org

www.nahbgreen.org

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Thank you.www.UL.com/environmentwww.UL.com/environmentwww.greenguard.org

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Learning Assessment1. What is a VOC? What is TVOC?

2. Name 3 types of pollutants in the indoor air we inhale every day

3 How do these pollutants affect our health?3. How do these pollutants affect our health?

4. How do these pollutants affect the building?

5. When in the building life cycle must Indoor Air Quality be considered: design, construction, or operations & maintenance?

6. Why Is California DPH Section 01350 inadequate in assessing emissions?7. List 3 resources to evaluate the “greenness of a product”8. A product that is low content VOCs is always low emitting of VOCs. T or

F? 9 The International Green Construction Code is an example of a high9. The International Green Construction Code is an example of a high

performance building program similar to the LEED program. T or F?10. You can trust the Government to make sure only safe products are

available for use. T or F?