A New Method of Diagnosing Glanders: Preliminary Note on the Intrapalpebral Test with Mallein

ABSTRACTS. Contrary to what has been found by Lanfranchi in his mallein tests, there has been no evidence of any ophthalmic reaction, save that some lachrymation has been observed. (Moussu, Rec. MM. V(t., Vol. XC!., No.6, 30th ld arch 1914, pp. 130-133.) A NEW METHOD OF DIAGNOSING GLANDERS: PRE- NOTE ON THE INTRAPALPEBRAL TEST WITH MALLEIN. THE author refers briefly to the observations published in connection with the diagnosis of tuberculosis by means of local reactions, and to the investigations of Vallee, Schnurer, and others of the cutaneous and ophthalmic tests for glanders. He points out that it is generally agreed that the method is valuable when used in conjunction with one of the serological tests, such as the complement-fixation method. This method, however, presents difficulties that are insurmountable in ordinary practice. Lanfranchi has therefore devised the plan of injecting mallein into the' eyelid, with the idea of producing a thermal, general, and local reaction. The technique of the test is as follows: A icc. of crude mallein is diluted in 2t cc. of sterile salt solution and injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the lower eyelid. In non-infected animals there is a slight and temporary local reaction. which disappears in from six to twelve hours. In the case of an infected animal the whole train of events observed in the classic subcutaneous injection and in the ophthalmic test are observed. . There is a rise of temperature and <:edema at the seat of injection, exactly as when the subcutaneous test is applied in any other part of the body. The local reaction is visible by the second hour, and continues to increase up to the twelfth or twenty fourth hour. It may extend to the upper eyelid and to the zygomatic ridge, and may persist until the seventy-second hour. By the second hour there may be seen marked congestion of the vessels of the conjunctiva, and shortly afterwards muco-purulent material begins to collect at the inner canthus of the eye. This may persist until the twentyfourth hour. Two figures are given showing reactions obtained by this method. (Lanfranchi, It Moderno Zooiatro, Parte Scientijica, Vol. XXV., No. I,. 31st January I9 I 4, pp. 1-5.) THE OPHTHALMIC TEST IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF GLANDii:RS. THE technique of the test is simple, it involves only the placing of a smalP quantity of mallein in contact with the conjunctiva, followed by gentle massage to ensure its distribution. Different methods of application and mallein of different strengths have been employed by a number of authors who have studied the subject of ophthalmic tests. There is agreement, however, that the results obtained are independent of the strength of the

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Transcript of A New Method of Diagnosing Glanders: Preliminary Note on the Intrapalpebral Test with Mallein

Page 1: A New Method of Diagnosing Glanders: Preliminary Note on the Intrapalpebral Test with Mallein

ABSTRACTS.

Contrary to what has been found by Lanfranchi in his mallein tests, there has been no evidence of any ophthalmic reaction, save that some lachrymation has been observed. (Moussu, Rec. MM. V(t., Vol. XC!., No.6, 30th ldarch 1914, pp. 130-133.)

A NEW METHOD OF DIAGNOSING GLANDERS: PRELIM~NARY NOTE ON THE INTRAPALPEBRAL TEST WITH MALLEIN.

THE author refers briefly to the observations published in connection with the diagnosis of tuberculosis by means of local reactions, and to the investigations of Vallee, Schnurer, and others of the cutaneous and ophthalmic tests for glanders. He points out that it is generally agreed that the method is valuable when used in conjunction with one of the serological tests, such as the complement-fixation method. This method, however, presents difficulties that are insurmountable in ordinary practice.

Lanfranchi has therefore devised the plan of injecting mallein into the' eyelid, with the idea of producing a thermal, general, and local reaction.

The technique of the test is as follows: A icc. of crude mallein is diluted in 2t cc. of sterile salt solution and injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the lower eyelid.

In non-infected animals there is a slight and temporary local reaction. which disappears in from six to twelve hours. In the case of an infected animal the whole train of events observed in the classic subcutaneous injection and in the ophthalmic test are observed. .

There is a rise of temperature and <:edema at the seat of injection, exactly as when the subcutaneous test is applied in any other part of the body.

The local reaction is visible by the second hour, and continues to increase up to the twelfth or twenty fourth hour. It may extend to the upper eyelid and to the zygomatic ridge, and may persist until the seventy-second hour. By the second hour there may be seen marked congestion of the vessels of the conjunctiva, and shortly afterwards muco-purulent material begins to collect at the inner canthus of the eye. This may persist until the twentyfourth hour.

Two figures are given showing reactions obtained by this method. (Lanfranchi, It Moderno Zooiatro, Parte Scientijica, Vol. XXV., No. I,. 31st January I9 I 4, pp. 1-5.)

THE OPHTHALMIC TEST IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF GLANDii:RS.

THE technique of the test is simple, it involves only the placing of a smalP quantity of mallein in contact with the conjunctiva, followed by gentle massage to ensure its distribution. Different methods of application and mallein of different strengths have been employed by a number of authors who have studied the subject of ophthalmic tests. There is agreement, however, that the results obtained are independent of the strength of the