A modular HiL solution - Testing of Automotive Ethernet · 12 Overview on Ethernet Testing Aspects...

V1.0 | 2019-03-11

Jan Großmann / Vector Informatik GmbH

A modular HiL solution Testing of Automotive EthernetVector Testing Seminar 2019

2

Communication Networks in Domain Centric E/E Architectures

Overview + Motivation

3

Communication Networks in Domain Centric E/E Architectures


DiagnosisTester

PowertrainDomain Controller

BodyDomain Controller

ADASDomain Controller

InfotainmentDomain Controller

ChassisDomain Controller

Engine

Transmission

Battery Man.

ESC

Steering

Airbag

Doors

Seats

Lights

Radar

Camera

Lidar

HMI

HUD

Radio

HS-C

AN

Fle

xRay

/ H

S-C

AN

CAN

/ L

IN

Eth

ern

et

Eth

ern

et

/ M

OST

Ethernet

Ethernet

Dig

ital

Sensor

Car2X

Ethernet Ethernet

Ethernet

Ethernet

Central Gateway

4


u Automotive Ethernet Testing

Summary

Agenda

5

DiagnosisTester

PowertrainDomain Controller

BodyDomain Controller

ADASDomain Controller

InfotainmentDomain Controller

ChassisDomain Controller

Engine

Transmission

Battery Man.

ESC

Steering

Airbag

Doors

Seats

Lights

Radar

Camera

Lidar

HMI

HUD

Radio

HS-C

AN

Fle

xRay

/ H

S-C

AN

CAN

/ L

IN

Eth

ern

et

Eth

ern

et

/ M

OST

Ethernet

Ethernet

Dig

ital

Sensor

Car2X

Ethernet Ethernet

Ethernet

Ethernet

Central Gateway

Fokus Ethernet: Fully Switched Network

Automotive Ethernet Testing

6

u All link partners in switched Ethernet networks have Point-To-Point connections

u All connected devices need one PHY per link partner multiple PHYs in switches

u Each Point-To-Point-connection must have a Master and a Slave PHY connected

u Each PHY in a switch can be configured individually as Master or Slave

MDI Media Dependent Interface

MII Media Independent Interface

Switched Ethernet Network Link Partners


SwitchECU 1

PHY(Master)

MDI

µC

MII

PHY(Slave)

MDI

MII

PHY(Master)

MDI

MII

µC

ECU 2

PHY(Slave)

MDI

µC

MII

7

Automotive Ethernet Variants


Switch

µC

ECU 1

100Base-T1Master PHY

µC

MII

100Base-T1Slave PHY

MDI

MMI

MDI

unshielded TP

100Base-T1 (aka OABR)

Coding / Decoding

Clock / Synchronisation

Data Rate

Characteristics

4B/3B, 3B/2T PAM3

Master-SlaveConfig. in PHY

100 MBit/s

Full DUPLEX

ECU 2

1000Base-T1Slave PHY

µC

MII

1000Base-T1Master PHY

MDI

MMI

MDI

unshielded TP

1000Base-T1

80B/381, 3B/2TPAM3

Master-SlaveConfig. in PHY

1000 MBit/s

Full DUPLEX

NRZI, 4B5BMLT-3

Sender keeps pathcontinous sync.

100 MBit/s

Full DUPLEX

ECU 4

1000Base-TSlave PHY

MDI

µC

MII

1000Base-TMaster PHY

MDI

MMI

1000Base-T

4x2 wires

4D-PAM58B1Q4

Master-Slaveroles negotiatable

1000 MBit/s

Full DUPLEX

ECU 3

100Base-TXMaster PHY

µC

MII

100Base-TXSlave PHY

MMI

MDI

MDI

Tx Rx

100Base-TX

12

Overview on Ethernet Testing Aspects


Ethernet Layer2 Switch

MirrorPort

MAC MAC

PHY PHY

PHY-TAP-Unit

CH7 CH8

MAC MAC

PHY PHY

PHY-TAP-Unit

CH5 CH6

MAC-TAP-Unit MAC-TAP-Unit MAC-TAP-Unit

Packet generators

Monitor Filter

Event Handling

CH...

Statistics

PCI E

xpre

ss

MAC MAC

PHY PHY

PHY-TAP-Unit

CH1 CH2

13

Test Access Points (TAPs)


Operation Modes

Stimulating TAP (MAC-TAP)

u Channels connected on MAC layer.

u Transmission of additional packets

u Generated by application (e.g. CANoe.Ethernet)

u generated by onboard traffic generators

Monitoring TAP (PHY-TAP)

u Direct PHY connection

u Low latency

u Constant latency

Ethernet Layer2-Switch

MAC-TAP Unit

PHY-TAPUnit

PHY

CH1 CH2

RX

MAC MAC

TX

PHY

RXTX

RXTX RX

TX

Partial Forwarding Filter

Ethernet Layer2-Switch

MAC-TAP Unit

PHY-TAPUnit

PHY

CH1 CH2

RX

MAC MAC

TX

PHY

RXTX

RXTX RX

TX

Partial Forwarding Filter

14

Focus on relevant Data: Monitor Filter


Situation

u Data load in Ethernet networks can be very high,e.g. ADAS sensor raw data + control frames

u Only subset of Ethernet frames is relevant for typical test + simulation tasks, e.g. control frames

Approach

u Hardware based frame filter to reduce frame number

u Support of various protocol-parts

u MAC-address (source/destination)

u Ethertype

u Double tagged VLAN IDs

u IPv4-address (source/destination)

u IPv6-address (source/destination)

u TCP/UDP port


MirrorPort

MAC MAC

PHY PHY

PHY-TAP-Unit

CH7 CH8

MAC MAC

PHY PHY

PHY-TAP-Unit

CH5 CH6

MAC-TAP-Unit

MAC MAC

PHY PHY

PHY-TAP-Unit

CH1 CH2

MAC-TAP-Unit MAC-TAP-Unit

Packet generators

Monitor Filter

Event Handling

CH...

Statistics

PCI E

xpre

ss

15

Sensor

ECU

SWITCH

ETH Interface

ETH CH1

ETH CH2

ETH CH3

ETH CH4

ETH Logger

ECU

SWITCH

Sensor

byp

ass

byp

ass

Port Mirroring


u Mirroring of incoming packets of selected source channels to a specific target channel

u Mirroring feature can be used e.g. to attach an Ethernet logger to the target channel


MirrorPort

MAC MAC

PHY PHY

PHY-TAP-Unit

CH7 CH8

MAC MAC

PHY PHY

PHY-TAP-Unit

CH5 CH6

MAC-TAP-Unit

MAC MAC

PHY PHY

PHY-TAP-Unit

CH1 CH2

MAC-TAP-Unit MAC-TAP-Unit

Packet generators

Monitor Filter

Event Handling

CH...

Statistics

PCI E

xpre

ss

16

Standardisation: OPEN Alliance Special Interest Group (SIG)


Interoperability & Compliance Testsfor 100BASE-T1 PHYs

100BASE-T1 Ethernet Channel & Components

1000BASE-T1 CMC Requirements

Tools

Gap Identification

Common xMII Interface Definition

1000BASE-RH Gigabit Ethernet over Plastic-Optical-Fiber (GEPOF)

Automotive Ethernet ECU Test Specification

1000BASE-T1 Ethernet Channel & Components

Automotive Ethernet Sleep/Wake-Up

Ethernet switch requirements and qualification

Test specs for the compliance testing of future IEEE 1000BASE-T1… devices

TC1

TC2

TC3

TC4

TC5

TC6

TC7

TC8

TC9

TC10

TC11

TC12

http://www.opensig.org

17

Standardisation: OPEN Alliance Special Interest Group (SIG)


Automotive Ethernet ECU Test Specification

TC8

http://www.opensig.org

u Shares requirements on Automotive Ethernet ECU testing

u Defines specifications applicable to all ECUs in an Automotive Ethernet network based on these shared requirements.

u Defines test process and supports the establishment of test houses that can perform the ECU tests

u Establishes regular audits of the test specification and the partner requirements to increase the communication quality of the Ethernet ECUs and network in an automotive system

18

TC8 Test Spec Example OABR_CABLE_01: Cable diagnostics for near and far end open


Source: OPEN Alliance TC8 Automotive Ethernet ECU Test Specification v2.0

Test Steps

1. The DUT cable diagnostic feature is triggered. The DUT cable diagnostics has to be executed within terror

2. The test system creates a cable error for a defined time terror

3. After the wait time t the test system reads out all identified cable errors QC from the DUT

4. Repeat step 1 to 3 for all error combinations (alternately MDI+ and/or MDI- are open)

Test Goal

Ensure that the DUT’s cablediagnostic reliably detects an open of one or both of thebus lines

Test Setup forFar Open Test

19

> Log Files

> Test Reports

> Etc.

Test System CANoe + VT System


System Under Test

Test Units

Network Interface

Network

CANoe

Simulation Kernel

Analysis

Test Execution

Engine

Diagnostics

APIs

VT System

u One tool for all development and testing tasks

u Easy automated testing

u Simulate and test ECU diagnostics

u Open environment: various APIs allow tool coupling

20

u 6 Automotive Ethernet channels on separate piggy board

u 2x 100BASE-TX/1000BASE-T channels on main board

u High precision time stamps for Ethernet frames

u Synchronization with multiple bus interfaces

u Hardware sync (1 µs accuracy)

u Ethernet Monitoring between two nodes

u Media conversion between 100BASE-TX/1000BASE-T and Automotive Ethernet channels

u Flexible, hardware based monitor filter

u Multiple, configurable Test Access Points (TAPs)

u Monitoring TAP: test mode with constant and very low latency with direct PHY connection

u Stimulation TAP: channel connection an MAC level. This allows transmission of additional packets

u Configurable layer2-switch operation mode

u Further Ethernet Interfaces available

VT6306 Ethernet Interface


21

100BASE-T1piggy 1101


u Piggy module for VT6306

u 6 Automotive Ethernet channels

for 100BASE-T1 networks

u Bus transceiver 6x NXP TJA1101

u Fault Injection

u Short cuts between signal lines

and to external potential (e.g. GND or Vbatt.)

u Variable signal damping on channels 1-3

u Range: 0Ω … 2555Ω

u Step width: 5Ω

22

internal bus bar 1

typically Vbatt/Gnd

internal bus bar 2

decade

resistor

bu

s b

ar

2

short

circuit

short

circuit t

o

Vb

att o

r gro

un

d

(bus b

ar

1)

ECU power

(bus bar 1)

bus bar 2

Vbatt

Gnd

swap relays

swap relays

1 of 6 channels

line

bre

aks

... ...... ...

Auto

motive

Eth

ern

et

Tra

nsceiv

er

100BASE-T1piggy 1101chan

ne

l 1-3

input or

output

ECU

VT6306

Ethernet Interface VT6306 – Principle Schematics


23

u Point-To-Point connections instead of Bus network

u Service-oriented communication additionally to signal based communication

u No bitwise data transmission but symbols with several bits / symbol

u Link Partners (not single PHYs) have adresses: MAC adress in 6bytes e.g. 6E:BF:05:24:9A:CD)

u Level2 (switch level): MAC-adresses in local (vehicle) network

u Switch needs to know which MAC-Address is connected to which port: dynamic learning (each partner sends his address initially) vs. static configuration

u Different infos on the same physical networke.g. controller data + service oriented data + diagnosis + multimedia audio/video stream separation by virtual LANs, e.g. VLAN1 for SOME/IP, VLAN2 forDoIP etc.

u VLANs allow for priorisation / separation

u Level3 (router level) : IP-Addresses in distributed networks (CAR2X or Diagnosis) or even in vehicles (because of TCP and UDP on level5)

u Usage of IP addresses also to abstract from MAC addresses in case of ECU exchange

Why is it different to test Automotive Ethernet components ?


24

u Overview on Automotive Ethernet: Basics + Variants

u Use Cases of Automotive Ethernet Testing

u Required Features for a suitable Test System

u OPEN Alliance SIG TC8 / Fault injection on Automotive Ethernet

u The Vector Solution for Automotive Ethernet

Summary

Thank you for your attention

Summary

25 © 2018. Vector Informatik GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V1.0 | 2019-03-11

Author:Dr.Heiner HildVector Germany

For more information about Vectorand our products please visit

www.vector.com

http://www.vector.com/

A modular HiL solution - Testing of Automotive Ethernet · 12 Overview on Ethernet Testing Aspects...

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