A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP · 2019. 12. 5. · 5! A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP:...
Transcript of A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP · 2019. 12. 5. · 5! A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP:...
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
Program Studi Magister Manajemen! Program Studi Magister Manajemen
Dapat di-download dan kunjungi www.emperism.com dan di SceLE UI
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: "The Construct and its Dimensions !
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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•! Entrepreneurship is the dynamic process of creating wealth.
•! Entrepreneurship is not only being entrepreneur. Its also builds a mentality of entrepreneur (Entrepreneurial Mindset).
Entrepreneur/Entrepreneurship
entrepreneur. Its also builds a
Peter F. Drucker, 1985
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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Entrepreneurship and strategic management are concerned with growth and wealth creation (Amit & Zott, 2001; Hitt & Ireland, 2000; Hitt, Ireland, Camp & Sexton, 2001, 2002; Ireland, Hitt, Camp & Sexton, 2001; Morris, 1998; Priem & Butler, 2001b). Indeed growth and wealth creation are entrepreneurship s defining objectives (Certo, Covin, Daily & Dalton, 2001; Ireland, Kuratko & Covin, 2003).
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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•! Strategic entrepreneurship (SE) involves simul-taneous opportunity-seeking and advantage-seeking behaviors and results in superior firm performance.
•! On a relative basis, small, entrepreneurial ventures are effective in identifying opportunities but are less successful in developing competitive ad-vantages needed t o a p p r o p r i a t e v a l u e f r o m t h o s e opportunities.
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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Entrepreneurial Culture Organizational culture is a system of shared values (i.e., what is important) and beliefs (i.e.,howthingswork) that’s hape the firm s structural arrangement sand its members actions to produce behavioral norms (i.e., the way work is completed in the organization) (Dess & Picken, 1999). More formally, culture has been defined by six properties: (1) shared basic assumptions that are (2) invented, discovered, or developed by a given group as it (3) learns to cope with its problem of external adaptation and internal integration in ways that (4) have worked well enough to be considered valid, and, therefore, (5) can be taught to new members of the group as the (6) correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems (Schein, 1985, as adapted by Weick & Sutcliffe, 2001: 121).
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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Entrepreneurial Leadership
Effective leadership is linked to the success of all sizes and types of firms (Daily et al., 2002). A specific type of leadership, entrepreneurial leadership is the ability to influence others to manage resources strategically in order to emphasize both opportunity-seeking and advantage-seeking behaviors (Covin & Slevin, 2002; Ireland & Hitt, 1999; Rowe, 2001).
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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TEORI PERTUMBUHAN (Growth Theory) Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development (Schumpeter, 1951; Ronstadt, 1984)
Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapura
Jepang
USA
!!% dari populasi
A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions
Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development
A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions
Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development
Idealnya sebuah
negara maju mempunyai
Entrepreneur > 2%
11,5%
11%
7,2%
3%
1,65%
""!!''((""
Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development
Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah)"
Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah)"'
Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah)'(
Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah)("
Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah)"
14
Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development
negara maju mempunyai
Entrepreneur
%
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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Joseph Schumpeter, the Moravian-born economist writing in Vienna, gave us the modern definition of an Entrepreneur:
Entrepreneur
Destroys the existing
economic order.
Introducing new products and
services.
Introducing new methods of production.
Creating new forms
of organization.
Exploiting new raw materials.
Or combining the existing to the new
one.
The Impact Increasing the
standard of living.
England before 1760 = Imperial Rome 2,000
years earlier.
After 1870 (Industrial revolution) to 1979, the standard living
jumped sevenfold on average (16 nations).
The Power of Entrepreneurship
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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“Innovation is the Specific
Tool of Entrepreneur”
(Peter F. Drucker, 1985)
“Innovation is
“There is no Innovation
without Knowledge” (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995)
Entrepreneur”(Peter F. Drucker, 1985)
“There is no Innovation
without Leadership”
(De Meyer & Sam Gard, 2005) 3 Mazhab:
“There is no “There is no “There is no
“Innovation is
A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions
“There is no
A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions
“There is no
A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions
“There is no
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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3 Mazhab + 1P:
“Paranoia is a key trait in entrepreneurial Success”
- Andrew S. Grove - Histrich R.D et. Al, 2013 "
Hal. 361 Histrich R.D et. Al, 2013Histrich R.D et. Al, 2013Histrich R.D et. Al, 2013Histrich R.D et. Al, 2013Histrich R.D et. Al, 2013
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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“Knowledge-Innovation-Entrepreneurship”
Knowledge
Innovation
Competitive Advantage, Wealth Creation, Change
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Entrepreneurial Culture
Entrepreneurial Leadership
Resources
Sumber: The Knowledge-Creating Company (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995), dimodifikasi Manerep Pasaribu
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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igital Sat eg i e s t
Strategic Entrepreneurship
Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship # “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” # “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” # “There is no Innovation without Leadership”
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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PELUANG (Opportunity)
ENTREPRENEUR MELIHAT DAN MENCARI PELUANG UNTUK MEMPERTAHANKAN DAYA SAING
ENTREPRENEUR
1
1
1
1
Implementasi
2
" Hal. 287
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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The entrepreneur always searches for change, responds to it, and exploits it as an opportunity
(Peter F. Drucker)
”Inovasi merupakan instrumen
kewirausahaan”. (Peter F. Drucker 1985, 1993)
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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Megatrends and Trends are Opportunities for an Entrepreneur.
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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BIG DATA & ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Knowledge
Innovation
Competitive Advantage, Wealth Creation, Change
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Entrepreneurial Culture
Entrepreneurial Leadership
Resources
Sumber: The Knowledge-Creating Company (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995), dimodifikasi Manerep Pasaribu
Big Data Information
Knowledge
Wisdom
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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""!!''((""
TEORI PERTUMBUHAN (Growth Theory) Entrepreneurship Economic Growth Development (Schumpeter, 1951; Ronstadt, 1984)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapura
Jepang
USA 11,5%
11%
7,2%
3%
1,65% !!% dari populasi
A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions
Entrepreneurship Economic Growth Development
A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions
Entrepreneurship Economic Growth Development
Idealnya sebuah
negara maju mempunyai
Entrepreneur > 2%
Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah)
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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Small Business Management, 11th edition Longenecker, Moore, and Petty @ 2000 South-Western College Publishing, diolah
Pendiri (Founder)
•! Bill Gate (Microsoft), Donald Trump (Trump Entertainment Resorts), Warren Buffet (Berkshire Hathaway), Prof. Dr. T.D. Pardede (Pardede Grup), D.L. Sitorus (PT Torganda), H.W. Hutahaean (PT Hutahaean), Chairul Tanjung (CTCorp), Nurdin Tampubolon (NTCorp), Jonner Napitupulu (Lyduma Group), Benny Siagian (Petronesia Benimel), Charles Simorangkir (Dietzel Indonesia), Edison Lo (Proteknik Mega Persada),Mahendra T.Sitepu(Inkubator Start-up)
Pemimpin Perusahaan (CEO)
•! Jack Welch (GE), Tanri Abeng (Bir Bintang), Dahlan Iskan (PLN), Helman Sembiring (JCIT, Samudera Indonesia), Hasrul Hasan, N.A. Setiawan (Inalum), Dimpos Tampubolon (PT BUM), Eddie Widiono, Fahmi Mochtar (Eks Dirut PLN), Handry Satriago (CEO GE Indonesia), Dwi Soetjipto (Dirut Pertamina), Bambang Eka Cahyana (PT Pelindo I), Jamsaton Nababan (PT Pertamina).
Waralaba (Franchise)
•! Circle K, KFC, Texas Fried Chicken, Mc Donald, A & W, Pizza Hut, Spinelli Cofee, Restoran Wendys Store Lawson, The Coffee Bean, Produk Kesehatan GNC 7-Eleven, Hanamasa (RM Jepang), Pendidikan KIDZART, Pendidikan ELC, Ajisen Ramen, Rumah Makan Sederhana, dll
(Founder) Perusahaan (Franchise)
Tiga Tipe dari Wirausaha (Entrepreneur)
" Hal. 268
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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Case: Nurdin Tampubolon (NT Corp)
" Hal. 361
!!$$%%&&"""
“Only the paranoid survive!” “ Paranoia is a key trait in entrepreneurial Success.”
- Andrew S. Grove (Chairman of Board of Intel Corporation
Entrepreneur/Entrepreneurship yang “Tak Pernah Tidur”
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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" Hal. 365
THE SIGMOID CURVE OF NT CORP
Business Progres """
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Time
New Business •!Hilirisasi CPO •! Entertaintment •!Dan lain-lain
Maturity
Start-up
Growth
Decline
X
Y
Palm Oil/CPO (Core Business) Palm Oil/CPO (Core Business) (Core Business)
NTV/Media Televisi Palm Oil/CPO
NTV/Media Televisi
Energy (Listrik)
Maturity
Energy (Listrik) (Listrik)
Curve-1 Curve-Curve-1
Curve-2 Curve-Curve-2
Curve-3 Curve-3
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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A Model of Strategic Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Entrepreneurial Culture and
Entrepreneurial Leadership
Managing Resources
Strategically
Applying Vreativity
and Developing Innovation
Competitive Advantage
Wealth
Entrepreneurial
Applying Vreativity
Developing Innovation
Competitive Advantage
Managing
Strategically
" Hal. 282
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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(((
“Innovation” as process which can
be organized an managed, whether in a start-up venture or in renewing a 100 –year-old business.
managed, whether in
“Entrepreneurship” as the motive power to drive this process through the efforts
of passionate individuals, engaged teams and focused
networking.
to drive this process
“Creating value” as the purpose for
innovatives, whether expressed in
financial terms, employment or
growth, sustainability, or improvement of social welfare.
Three Core Concepts
managed, whether in
“Creating as the
22
" Hal. 279
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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Sumber: The Knowledge-Creating Company (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995)
The New Focus on “Knowledge” as a Competitive Resources
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE (CHANGE)
INNOVATION
KNOWLEDGE
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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Entrepreneur Opportunity
Resources
Fits & Gaps Business Plan/Business Model
Opportunity
Resources
Business Plan/Business Model
Entrepreneur
Resources
Business Plan/Business Model
Opportunity Entrepreneur Entrepreneur
Resources
Three Driving Forces (Based on Jeffry Timmons’ Framework)
Uncertainty Uncertainty
Uncertainty
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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Pendekatan Strategic Entrepreneurship (Ireland et al. 2003)
•! Entrepreneurial Mindset, Culture, and Leadership
•! Managing Resources Strategically •! Applying Creativity and Developing
Innovation •! Competitive Advantage •! Wealth Creation
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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•! We argue that SE is a unique, distinctive construct through which firms are able to create wealth.
•! An entrepreneurial mindset, an entrepreneurial culture and entrepreneurial leadership, the strategic management of resources and applying creativity to develop innovations are important dimensions of SE.
•! Herein we develop a model of SE that explains how these dimensions are integrated to create wealth. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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R.D. Ireland et al. / Journal of Management 2003 29(6) 963–989 967
Figure 1: A model of strategic entrepreneurship.
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The Resulting Model
Recognise opportunity
Find Resources
Develop Venture
Create Value opportunity
Entrepreneurial Goals & Context
Strategic Vision and Direction
Learning
Innovative Organization
Inno
vativ
e O
rgan
izat
ion
Bessant & Tidd 2011
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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Entrepreneurial Opportunities Those situations in which new good, services, raw materials, and organizing methods can be introduced and sold at greater than their cost of production
Entrepreneurial Action Action through the creation of new products/ processes and/ or the entry into new markets, which may occur through a newly created organization or within an established organization
Hisrich et.al 2010
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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The entrepreneur always searches for change, responds to it, and exploits it as an opportunity
Peter F. Drucker
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
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Three core concepts •! Innovation as process which can be organized an
managed, whether in a start-up venture or in renewing a 100 –year-old business.
•! Entrepreneurship as the motive power to drive this process through the efforts of passionate individuals, engaged teams and focused networking.
•! Creating value as the purpose for innovatives, whether expressed in financial terms, employment or growth, sustainability, or improvement of social welfare.
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A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Construct and its Dimensions !
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Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship!Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu!
TENTANG PENULIS
!
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