A Logical Model of Digital Archives
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A LOGICAL MODEL OF DIGITAL ARCHIVESRATHACHAI CHAWUTHAI
Midway
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Agenda
Introduction User scenario Approach Information model Prototype Progress
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Introduction
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Background• Physical Level– Bit preservation
• Ability to produce a particular sequence of bits from storage device at any time.
– Data preservation• Ability to render the bit stream and produce a meaningful output
from it at any time.
• Logical Level– Information preservation• Ability to interpret some concepts displayed the
rendered digital object at any time originally.
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Challenge
Lacking of common knowledge
Difficult to construct UCK depended on
different time and communities
Difficult to link relevant concepts
across UCK
Goal: Interpretation a concept in digital archive
Model contextual knowledge
evolution as event of change.
Model a change of concept
together with linked data
Introduce Common UCK
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Objectives• To develop a theory for digital archive at a
logical level.• To design an information model representing
contextual knowledge.• To develop a prototype system in order to
proof the theory.
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User scenario(Consumer interprets a concept)
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Digital Archive
Title : Bioenergetics of the Snowy OwlAuthor: James A. GessamanCreated date: 1992
Format: pdfSoftware:
Full path: http://www.jstor.org/pss/1550225
Adobe Reader 10
Description information:
Terms:
ex:Nyctea_scandiacus ex:utha_univ 1992
Concept Community Date
Digital resource
Page
1
Page
2Click a concept, then go to a page scribing that
concept. 8
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Digital Archive
Context:
ex:Nyctea_scandiacus
Concept
Propertyex:Nyctea_scandiacus
ex:utha_univ
1992
Subject Object
cka:higherClass ex:Nyctea
ex:Nyctea_scandiacus skos:prefLabel “Nyctea scandicus”
Concept evolution:Concept
ex:Nyctea_scandiacus ex:Bubo_scandiacus
Concept
Communtiy
Date
cka:replaceTo
Relevance digital objects
Title Author DateFOOD-ECOLOGY OF THE SNOWY OWL Adam Watson 2008
Diet of the Snowy Owl PL Williams 1979
Concept
Present status
Expired
Entered
Expired
1758
1999
Page
2
Page
3Click the icon to view
evolution detail of that concepts
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Digital Archive
Description:
ex:Nyctea_scandiacus
Detail:
Evolution detail
ex:Bubo_scandiacus
cka:ConceptReplacementEvolution typeOld conceptNew concept
Caused by:
ex:Nyctea, ex:Buboex:Bubo
cka:ConceptMergerEvolution typeOld conceptNew concept
-
ex:chale
1999Begin dateEnd date
ReporterPerformer
Source
Shared by ex:yale_uni
ex:wink
http://www.digitalarchive.org/doc/2342896
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Approach
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Contextual Knowledge Evolution
• Soviet union was split to 14 countries in1991.• “Burma” was changed to “Myanmar” in 1989.• Petsamo was annexed from Russia to Finland in 1920.• Petsamo was annexed from Finland to USSR in 1944.• Bill Clinton was the US president during 1993-2001.• George W Bush was the US president during 2001-2009.• Pluto changed from a planet to dwarf planet in 2006.• Solar system has 8 planets after 2006.• Interpretation of the 1st floor between US and UK.
Examples of some change of contextual knowledge:
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Concept Evolution• Merger– Genus Nyctea was merged to Bubo.
• Splitter– Soviet Union was split to 14 countries.
• Replacement– Species Nyctea scandiacus was replaced by
Bubo candiacus.
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Relation Evolution• Attribution– Accenture co. changed headquarter to Ireland.
• Classification– Pluto was reclassified to dwarf planet.
• Part-whole– Petsamo was a part of Finland.
• Membership– Pluto was a member of Solar system planet.
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UCCK
• Records public contextual knowledge which every UCK refers to.– E.g. The earth is a planet.
• Records changes of contextual knowledge.– E.g. Pluto was reclassified to a dwarf planet.
• Establishes some links to some related concepts across UCK.– E.g. The first floor in UK is the second floor in US.
Underlying Common Community Knowledge
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Information Model
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Community knowledge
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Concept Evolution
• E.g.– :ConceptReplacement rdf:type :ConceptEvolution .– :ConceptMerger rdf:type :ConceptEvolution.– :ConceptSplitter rdf:type :ConceptEvolution .
skos:Concept:oldConcept
:newConcept:ConceptEvolution
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Concept Evolution
ex:mg1 rdf:type cka:ConceptMerger ;cka:oldConcept ex:Nyctea ;cka:oldConcept ex:Bubo ;cka:newConcept ex:Bubo .
Example implementation
Run a rule and imply for supporting linked data
ex:Nyctea cka:mergeTo ex:bubo .
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Relation Evolution
• :ClassAddition rdf:type :RelationEvolution .• :Reclassification rdf:type
:RelationEvolution .• :PartAddition rdf:type :RelationEvolution .• :ColorChange rdf:type :RelationEvolution .
:RelationEvolution skos:Concept
:subject
:oldObject
rdf:Property:relation
:newObject
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Relation Evolution
ex:rc1 rdf:type cka:Reclassification;cka:child ex:sp1 ;cka:oldParent ex:Nyctea ;cka:newParent ex:Bubo .
Class declaration
Example implementation
cka:Reclassificationrdfs:subClassOf cka:RelationEvolution ;cka:relation cka:higherClass .
After run a rule the present statement will be:
ex:sp1 cka:higherClass ex:bubo .
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Construct state of contextual knowledge
Use SPARQL to query some knowledge evolutions entities from the UCK and UCCK
with conditionsinput concept, input time, and input community.
Use Jena rules to construct triple statements from selected knowledge evolutions.
Use programming to filter some conflict triple statements from selected knowledge evolutions.
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Construct state of contextual knowledgeFor example
ex:ch1
cka:child
cka:ClassAddtion
ex:Bubo_scandiacus
ex:Bubocka:newParent
rdf:type
cka:higherClass
cka:relation
ex:Bubo_scandiacus
ex:Bubo
cka:higherClass(≡ cka:subject)
(≡ cka:newObject)
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Establish link of concept
UCCK
Time
Community A Community B
Bubo Nyctea
Bubo
Bubo Scandiacus
Nyctea Scandiacus
replaceTo
mergeTo
Nyctea Scandiacus
Bubo Scandiacus
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Prototype
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Digital Archive
Contextual Knowledge
Service
Digital Repository
Contextual knowledge
Administration
Store contextual knowledge
Query contextual knowledge
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Interoperability
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Contextual Knowledge Administration
Contextual knowledge Administration
Application layer
PHP web application
EasyRDF API
Contextual Knowledge
ServiceNetwork
Apache web server
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1Assert some contextual knowledge evolution by1) Choose a proper type2) Give information
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2Link some contextual knowledge evolution by1) Select the id from dropdown list for
related contextual knowledge evolution
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3Give metadata for the set of contextual knowledge evolutions1) Give metadata value2) Click button “Finish”
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Digital Repository
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Contextual Knowledge Service
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Progress
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Progress
Contextual Knowledge Administration
Digital Repository
Contextual Knowledge Service
Approach “a logical modelof digital archive”
Information model
Application profileof digital archive
90%
70%
20%
90%
80%
50%
Documentation 40%
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Any idea for improvement?