A Leading Private Investigator Singapore And Worldwide Explains Data Recovery

7/31/2019 A Leading Private Investigator Singapore And Worldwide Explains Data Recovery

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http://www.sk.com.sg/ A Leading PRIVATE DETECTIVE Singapore & Worldwide

A LEADING

PRIVATE INVESTIGATOR SINGAPORE

& WORLDWIDE

EXPLAINS DATA RECOVERY

http://www.sk.com.sg
http://www.sk.com.sg/http://www.sk.com.sg/http://www.sk.com.sg/http://www.sk.com.sg/http://www.sk.com.sg/http://www.sk.com.sg/


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Copyright/Disclaimer

This eBook fully owned by a leading private investigator Singapore and worldwide but is for free access by the

general public. You can share the whole eBook or part of its contents but you are not allowed to alter its contents.

You are therefore prohibited from altering the contents of this eBook as that can lead to penalization. Do feel free

to share it with your friends, colleagues and any other external party though without changing its contents

whatsoever.


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DATA RECOVERY

Introduction

Background Information

Data recovery comes in handy when you lose critical data. The demand for this service has grown a lot over the

last decade because everything is now computerized and needs some sort of storage. It could be due to power

outage or forgetting to save a document that you lose your data or even a disaster. The bigger the size of the

storage media, the more data is lost when damages to the media occurs. Due to the increase in the use of digital

media and computers, increase in the need of storage capacities has been realized. This has further increased the

risks of data loss.

It has been noted that people are losing critical data that takes a lot of time, energy and effort to create thus losing

such data can be very agonizing hence the need for data recovery. You can recover lost data on your own or use the

services of a data recovery company. Recovering data on your own can be very risky because this is a serious and

sensitive matter. It is wise to seek professional assistance for lost information that is worth more than the amount it

will cost to recover the data. Whatever the reason for your data loss, it is possible to retrieve it.

Data can be stored in media such as floppy disk, CDs, PDAs (personal digital assistants) DVDs, memory cards,

magnetic disks, and RAID configurations of HDD, hard disk drives (HDD), Mobile phones, tapes, data cartridges,

zip disks, flash disks and Xboxes among others.

Data recovery can be sought by various people or clients such as government, students, small and medium

businesses or enterprises, large corporates or even those who are self-employed.


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ContentsCopyright/Disclaimer ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

DATA RECOVERY ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

Background Information ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 3

CHAPTER 1 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6

Definition and Overview of Data Recovery .............................................................................................................................................................. 6

Sources/Causes of Data Loss ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 6

A Typical Data Recovery Process ............................................................................................................................................................................. 7

Data Recovery techniques.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 7Mechanical/Physical Data Damages...................................................................................................................................................................... 7

Logical Data Damages ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

The Most Common Hard Disk Drive Problems......................................................................................................................................................... 9

The Dos and Donts In Case of Data Loss ............................................................................................................................................................. 10

The Process of Data Recovery ................................................................................................................................................................................. 10

Logical Data Recovery ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 11

Importance of Data Recovery .................................................................................................................................................................................. 11

CHAPTER 2 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 13

Data Recovery Software .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 13

Data Recovery Companies....................................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Disadvantages of Data Recovery Companies .......................................................................................................................................................... 14

Choosing/Selecting the Best Data Recovery Company ........................................................................................................................................... 15

CHAPTER 3 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19


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Prevention of Data Loss ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 19

Qualities/ Attributes of good data recovery software .............................................................................................................................................. 19

Data Backup and Disaster Recovery Plan.................................................................................................................................................................... 19

Types of Backups..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20

Qualities of a Good Backup device.......................................................................................................................................................................... 21

Types of Backup Devices/Solutions ........................................................................................................................................................................ 21

Backup Tips ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 22

Good Backup Strategy Tips ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 22

Disaster Recovery Procedure development ............................................................................................................................................................. 23

Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27

About The Author ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 28


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CHAPTER 1

Definition and Overview of Data Recovery

Retrieval of lost data and information from a storage media that is inaccessible, deleted files or corrupted files is

referred to as data recovery. Electronic devices such as MP3 players, computers and digital cameras store

information on storage devices such as flash disks, hard disks or even diskettes. Every storage media poses a

different challenge in data recovery. The process of obtaining data is very labor intensive and complex. For a

successful data recovery to take place, you need to understand the technical aspects of the latest technological

storage media, file systems as well as operating systems. Other resources required are well trained and experienced

technicians in data recovery and a computer laboratory that is equipped and well controlled. Using these resources

reduces chances of more data loss or devastating damages to the storage media.

Sources/Causes of Data Loss

Data losses are caused by either physical or logical failures. Logical failures include virus infections, deletion of

files, power surges, human errors as well as formatting and reformatting of hard disks. Logical data losses are

much easier to retrieve as long as the data has not been tampered with or even overwritten. Physical failures are

brought about by mechanical damages to the storage media. The damages can be as a result of water or fire and in

case of a hard disk, the spindle usually stops functioning. When a physical failure occurs, the physical storage

media that is damaged must be repaired first before data can be recovered. Whereas specialized techniques andtechnology enables data recovery, it is impossible to recover or obtain data from storage media that is extremely

damaged.

Data loss can also be caused by natural disasters or tragedies such as earthquakes, tornados and floods, improper

storage of the devices, power failures, accidental and intentional deletion of files, software bugs, fire, firmware

corruptions, business failures, crimes (such as hacking, theft sabotage and acts that are malicious such as viruses,

worm and hackers or even theft of physical storage media) dropping of storage media and failure of semiconductor.


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A Typical Data Recovery Process

A typical data recovery process involves four steps namely: disk repair, disk image, data retrieval and data

restoration. The damaged hard disks are diagnosed before they can be repaired as well as firmware failures. Any

damaged components of the hard disk are replaced with new ones. Data is then removed from the repaired disk and

transferred to another onto which a disk image is created to ensure that the data remains just as it was before

damages occurred to the previous disk. Data retrieval involves diagnosis and repair of corrupted or damaged file

systems so that individual files can be accessed. Once the individual files are opened, the corrupted ones are then

repaired. Data restoration involves moving of the retrieved data to a new storage location and finally, it is given

back to the owner (client).

Data Recovery techniques

Mechanical/Physical Data Damages

Storage media physical damages are caused by various failures. The dye layer or metallic substrate of DVD/CDsusually get scratched thus causing a physical damage. Failed motors and head crashes cause mechanical failures to

hard disks. Breakage of tapes is another type of mechanical failure. These mechanical damages not only lead to

data losses but also destruction of the file system logical structures. Data or file recovery cannot take place until all

logical damages are fixed. End users are not in a position to handle mechanical damages to storage devices because

they do not have the required technical expertise and the disk can be exposed to data which is very harmful. Dust

causes crashes of the read/write heads and platter (which are very sensitive) of hard disks which can lead to further

damages that could render data recovery process futile.

There are several techniques of obtaining data from a hardware that is physically damaged. The damaged parts of

the hard disk are replaced in order for the disk to be used again but since there also logical data failures in the disk,

they have to be repaired as well. Disk imaging is used to obtain all data that is readable from the disk surface and

the image stored on a new storage media. Afterwards, it is analyzed for any logical data damages to enable the

reconstruction of the original file system before it was damaged.

Procedures of data recovery on damaged media may include replacement of a PCB (printed circuit board) that is

damaged with one that is new or working, swapping of live PCB in which a donor drive is used, assembling of


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read/write heads with compatible working drives and removal and installation of hard disk platters of a damaged

drive to one that is in good working condition. A combination of these procedures can also be implemented in a

single data recovery process. Most of these procedures require technical expertise and hence cannot be used by end

users.

The nicks and scratches on optical disks such as CDs and DVDs using repair products that can be purchased fromcomputer shops. The nicks and scratches are filled with the product and then the surface is sealed. When done

successfully, previously inaccessible data can then be read.

In case of raid configuration errors such as RAID 0, it is split over two physical drives that are different to recreate

the RAID array in order to salvage data on the each of the drives. They are later merged to create the original data.

Logical Data Damages

These kinds of damages can be repaired by end users unless the extent of damages is so serious that it would need

the attention of an expert. Corrupt partition tables, damaged file systems and media errors can render data

unreadable. Deleted data or files are never completely lost because they usually leave footprints through which

they can be tracked. Specialized software for data recovery can be used to repair these damaged and corrupted

partition tables, file systems and errors on the storage media hence recovery of all or portions of original data

before the damage occurred. Testdisk is an example of such specialized software. Imaging of media irrespective of

the logical errors discussed above can be performed by software known as dd_rescue. Data carving which is

salvaging of damaged files using their file structures can also be used in data recovery. There are also simple tools

and methods that can be used in data recovery that do not require any knowledge and experience in using themhence can be used by end users.

Magnetic force microscope can be used to recover overwritten data theoretically though practically it has not been

proven. Hence it is difficult if not impossible to recover overwritten data. Overwritten data on SSD (solid-state

drives) is easier to salvage than those on HDD (hard disk drives). Data on SSDs are stores in blocks and pages of

flash memory that use LBA (logical block addresses) for referencing. FTL (flash translation layer) is used to

manage these logical block addresses used for referencing. New data is written to another logical block address by


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the flash translation layer and updates mapped to reflect the changes. This ensures that the pre-modified data

remains intact and can be obtained by specialized data recovery software.

Unlike physical damages to storage media, logical damages can be recovered from a remote location using remote

access software such a Team view and windows remote desktop connection among others. All that is required is a

stable connection with adequate bandwidth between the two locations connected either through the internet or anyother network connection.

The Most Common Hard Disk Drive Problems

Deletion of filesCommercial software, proprietary software and HEX editors are used to retrieve deleted files from hard disk

drives. Before sending a hard drive that contains the deleted files for restoration to a data recovery company you

can use the commercial data recovery software to try restore the data.

Electronic DamageElectronic damage is usually repaired using PCB swaps as well as tools used to repair the hard disks firmware.

Failure of HeadsHard disks always become inaccessible when its read/write head fails to function. The failed heads are either

repaired or replaced. The hard drive platters are usually swapped to a working hard disk to retrieve the data it

contains. Head stack assemblies can also be swapped and in case the platters are not damage, a full and successfuldata recovery can take place. Head swaps must always be done in a clean 100 room.

Spindle lock upRemoval or repairs of platters are usually done when spindles lock up. Removal and swapping of platters is done

using special tools. This type of head transfer requires a high level of skill and not just anybody can do it.


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There are certain data losses that cannot be recovered no matter what. These types of losses can be said to be

irreversible. Extreme electronic damage, damaged platters and overwritten information (overwritten several times)

or data on hard disk drives cannot be repaired for data recovery. This simply means that data loss due to these

scenarios is impossible to recover.

The Dos and Donts In Case of Data Loss In case of data loss, note down the last installed software, the last upgrades and the last application that was

run. Do not alter anything on the drive where the data is saved or on the data itself.

Do not attempt to open the drive to try and repair as the condition of the environment can cause irreversibledamages to it.

Do research for a good data recovery company which should be among the best in the industry if not thebest.

If you need to continue working on something else, create a mirror and use a different drive so that you donot affect the drive with lost data.

Cover up the hard drive with a thick layer of shock absorbent material because it is sensitive to any knocks.Remember that the faster you solve the problem the better and vice versa.

The Process of Data Recovery

The data recovery process ranges from simple to complex processes that are very detailed and exhaustive.

1.

EvaluationEvaluate the damaged storage media to determine the potential of recovering the lost data, the kind of work that

will be involved to salvage the data and the extent of damage to the media.

2. EstimationEstimate the steps that will be taken to recover the data, amount of data that can be recovered, amount of work that

will be involved and ultimately the amount of money it will cost to recover the lost data.


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3. MirroringIf the storage media can still function physically, mirror all accessible data to a new location as this will ensure that

the original storage media is preserved just in case future access to it will be needed. Chances of a full data

recovery are also greatly improved.

4. RepairAll physical and electrical damages that prevent the storage media from accessing data must be repaired.

5. Logical Data RecoveryThe raw data on the storage media (drive or disk) is recovered logically using specialized data recovery software.

6. Data AnalysisTo ensure that the recovered data from the damaged media is intact and can be used, it has to be analyzed. A report

containing information such as the kind of recovered data and what could have possibly brought about the data loss

among others, is written and provided to the client.

7. Storage and ReturnThe salvaged data is then stored on any type of storage media and returned or given to the owner.

Importance of Data Recovery

The importance of data recovery sorely depends on the importance of the data that has been lost. If the lost data is

very critical to you or to the business in that you risk losing a lot of money time, then data recovery becomes very


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important and must be considered as soon as possible before more damage occurs to the data or the storage media

containing it. It could lead permanent loss of the data.

It prevents loss of critical data when the data is backed up from the damaged storage media. It is the most economical and effective way of salvaging important files and data. It ensures recovery of lost emails, fails, tasks and data comprehensively. Specialized data recovery techniques that improve the chances of a successful full data recovery are used. Information on data protection can be provided by data recovery companies.


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CHAPTER 2

Data Recovery Software

Data recovery softwares are specialized programs that are mainly used in obtaining lost data from a storage media.

They are very efficient and effective in repairing as well recovering lost data, storage media, databases and corrupt

file partitions. They help to obtain data and files safely without errors or further damage to the storage media

before the lost data is obtained. Some of the software used are open source (free to be downloaded from the

internet) while others have to be purchased from the vendors. They can be bought online from the vendors

website.


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Data recovery is not done on an operating system that is running but a live or bootable CD, disk or USB.

Examples of these types of programs are BartPE, Knoppix, BackTrack, SpinRite, WinPE, SystemRescueCD,

Hirens BootCD, Ultimate Boot CD for Windows, Trinity Rescue Kit and Lazesoft Recovery Suite Home Edition

among others. The programs used to check for consistency are Disk Utility, Disk First Aid, CHKDSK and fsck

among others.

Data recovery software programs used in the process of obtaining or salvaging data are Foremost, Norton Utilities,

Recuva, TotalRecovery, TestDisk, TuneUp Utilities, FileSalvage, IsoBuster, CDRoller, dvdisaster, DataLifeSaver,

PhotoRec, PC Tools File Recover, GetDataBack and Disk Drill Basic among others. Program imaging tools that

are used in the data recovery process are ddrescue, StoreGrid BMR and CopyCatX among several others.

Data Recovery Companies

These are professional data recovery companies that specialize in salvaging of lost data from storage media at a

fee. These companies have highly trained data recovery technicians and engineers with expertise and experiencethat are required for a successful data recovery to take place. The companies also own laboratories that are well

equipped will all the required tools and equipment needed for data recovery. They charge fees for the services

offered to their clients. Fees charged depend on the extent of damage to the media and the expected turnaround

time by the client with cheaper services taking up to two weeks. There are small data recovery companies that deal

with minor data loss issues and big companies that deal with more serious issues that the smaller companies cannot

handle. Though not all data can be recovered, data recovery companies can salvage quite a percentage of lost data.

A good data recovery company must be licensed to operate the business by relevant authorities and accredited withQuality Assurance standards ISO9001-2000 by the right standardized body as well as certification to ISO BE EN

14644. The data recovery company should also have relevant experience in handling data losses.

Disadvantages of Data Recovery Companies

Turnaround Time


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Turnaround time is the time between submission of a damaged media and return of recovered data to a client. Data

recovery companies never guarantee a fast turnaround time hence it is important to contact the company before the

end of the scheduled time to find out if everything is going on fine.

PricingData recovery companies have been known to quote prices that are extremely high. Unless it is promotion that is

special, do not accept offers from companies for flat rate fees as they might be scams. A good company should

evaluate a damaged disk before quoting a price. A good company should provide a price range and not flat rate

fees.

Partial Data RecoveriesPartial data recovery is when a full data recovery is not successful and only a portion or part of the original data is

salvaged from the damaged media. Some data recovery companies tend to get the cost of money worth a full datarecovery when they just performed a partial recovery. You should agree with the data recovery company that you

will only pay for recovered data and if no data is recovered no payment will be made.

Choosing/Selecting the Best Data Recovery Company

There are so many scams and imposters in this industry thus it is very important to choose the best data recoverycompany that is genuine. There are things that you can look for in your search for a reliable company to recover

your lost data and be very cautious and careful in your search.

Clean Environment for RecoveryHard drives are storage devices that are very sensitive thus should be handled and opened in very clean rooms

without dirt. If dirt gets in contact with hard disk platters, they can be damaged so badly beyond repair. A good


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data recovery company should therefore have clean rooms of class 100 with clean flow benches. 100 mean that

there are 100 micro particles in every cubic foot of air.

Previous Clients/CustomersFind data recovery companies that are highly rated by their past clients and they should also have testimonials from

the clients who were happy with their services. The more repeat customers they have the better because that is a

sign that they offer great services. You can also look for customer reviews in the data recovery companys website

to get to know what past customers feel about the company.

Safe Methods/TechniquesA good data recovery company is one that uses safe methods or techniques that are not destructive to obtain lost

data in hard drives. Merely running recovery software on the damaged storage media can lead to further loss of

data hence should be avoided. Hard drive companies will always refer you to a reputable company that offers datarecovery services and has been investigated to prove so.

CostDepending on the extent of the problem with the damaged media, the recovery process can cost between $800 and

$1500. You should not spend an amount that is either too high or too low as compared to the price range. Most

evaluation services used to determine causes of data loss are offered free of charge by most of the data recovery

companies.

Flat feesFlat fees should be charged on SD cards but not hard disk drives as this can greatly lower the chances for a

successful data recovery. A company that offers flat fees on data recovery services from hard disks could just be


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scams so be wary of them. Most companies quote prices after an evaluation of the damaged storage media. A good

company should not charge for data they have not been able to recover.

Chance of a Successful Data RecoveryThis is measured in terms of percentages and most companies have a chance of recovery between 80% and 90%.

Request for the companys rate of having successful recoveries and how they get to that figure. It should be rated

entirely based on complete recoveries and not partial or unrecoverable hard drives.

Very few data recovery companies meet these criteria so ensure that the one selected does meet them.

Speed of Service LevelsService levels include RAID array, expedited, flash media, hard drive, emergency and slow services. You should

find out a data recovery companys turnaround time and pricing for all the services levels. A good data recovery

company is one that works at great speeds yet still offers quality services. Compare the prices from different

companies to determine the best that suits your needs and fits your budget.

TechnologyTechnology is always changing day in day out and so are the software and hardware components in the market. It

is good to keep pace with technological changes. Choose a company that implements the latest technology in their

recovery processes. All firmware repair tools must also be the latest and up to date.


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ExperienceLook for a data recovery company that has several years of experience in offering the services. The expert

engineers and technicians must have hands on experience in recovering data from damaged storage media. A good

data recovery company with experience will not only guarantee a good service but also increase the chances of a

successful recovery.


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CHAPTER 3

Prevention of Data Loss

Nothing can guarantee the prevention of data loss but a good where to ensure maximum data loss prevention is by

putting in place a policy that combines protection of power failures using backup batteries, generators and several

power circuits; RAID storage and journaling file system, regular backup of data, network firewalls and antivirus

protection, up to date security fixes and system patches and ultimately, education of the end users on data loss

prevention

Qualities/ Attributes of good data recovery software

Even when the recycle bin has been shredded, it should be possible to recover deleted files. Even after a malicious attack, files should be unrecoverable.

Files should be recovered from a failed and reformatted hard disks or even a crashed system. All file types should be recovered. Data from all kinds of storage media should be recovered. Files should be recovered not just easily but also successfully. Data backup must be created of file systems that are critical to the business.

Data Backup and Disaster Recovery Plan

Prevention is always better than cure. Backup is making copies of data or information and keeping in differentstorage media in a different location from the original file. It is stored so that it can be used in case the original file

is lost when data loss occurs due to one of the several reasons that cause it. Data backup is performed mainly for

two reasons: for later computer system restoration after a fatal disaster and for data recovery. Backup is the most

important way of dealing with data loss hence the more important stored data is the greater the necessity to backup

it up. This means that the importance of data is directly proportional to the importance of backup. When the data

importance increases so does the backup necessity increases.


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The company or business size is also directly proportional to backup necessity. Backup will enhance a fast and

successful data recovery to get the business up and running as it was previously before the disaster occurred.

Having a disaster recovery plan in place and regular backup of data can be of great importance in case of data

losses or when a disaster strikes. The created backups must be stored in a separate location from where the systems

and should be tested for functionality and ability to restore damaged systems to back to normal working conditions.End users can schedule regular data backup operations in their computers without seeking professional help.

Computer restoration can help retrieve minor data losses and system changes by restoring it to an earlier date.

Backup systems should be reliable to guarantee data recovery in case of disasters and damages to hard drives. The

hard drives should also be kept away from extreme temperatures that can damage them thus causing data loss. It

should also be protected from damages that can occur from the surrounding environment. You can also use surge

protectors to protect your computers from electricity fluctuations that usually cause short circuiting.

For backups done on the same computer, they should be stored in drives that are different from the one the

systems operating system is running on.

Types of Backups

Full backupThis involves backing up of all selected files. The file archive attributes are deleted and later set when the file is

changed to show that back up is needed. It is also known as normal backup.

Differential backupIt creates copies of files that have been modified since the last full backup and backs them up. Files with archive

attributes need backup but the attribute is not changed to allow for other backup types in the future.

Copy backupDespite the state of the archive attribute all selected files are backed up. Files with archive attributes are backed up

but not changed to allow for other backup types in the future.


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Daily backupThe files modification date is used for backup. Changes to files and their backup takes place on the same day. File

archive attributes are not modified.

Incremental backupBacks up only the latest changes to files since the last full or incremental backup. Files with archive attributes are

backed up and the attribute deleted afterwards. The attribute is set when files are modified to show that back up is

needed.

Qualities of a Good Backup device

Should be reliable to perform when needed. Should have a high capacity to store more data. Should be very extensible. Should be of high backup and recovery speed The cost should fit into your established budget.

Types of Backup Devices/Solutions

The types of backup solutions available in the market are removable disks, DAT (Digital audio tapes) drives, Tape

drives, Magnetic optical drives, Disk drives, Tape juke boxes and Auto-loader tape systems.


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will be able to determine any corrupt data or any flaws and fix them in time. You can also use backup reports and

logs to determine any files that have been skipped, errors or any problems that might have occurred.

Tip#5 Two Separate Backup Locations

For total protection of your data, you should have three copies of your data: the original copy, a backup that is easy

to access and another protected backup. An online data backup service can be used to keep the protected backupcopy.

Disaster Recovery Procedure development

PreparationPreparing in advance for a disaster can facilitate data recovery process in case of one. The use of computers

increase daily hence the risk associated with storage system failure and data loss. A disaster recovery policy should

incorporate data losses such as malicious or accidental deletion of data, power failure, corruption of data, fire

outbreaks, theft, viruses, failure of hard disk and natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods among others. A

disaster contingency plan should incorporate business processes that are critical to the organization. You should

also consider general disaster risk assessment to involve customer, monetary, regulatory and legal exposures and

dependencies interdepartmental level. For a full-scale backup restore operation that ensures the objectives of

recovery time, a disaster recovery plan should also incorporate data freshness window and recovery.

I/O and network topology technology does not keep pace with set data sizes and CPU performances technology

that doubles every eighteen months. The main objective of disaster recovery implementation architecture is to

decrease the capacity of data to be transmitted while the overall data rate is improved.

Need determination


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1. Depending on your system architecture and the operating system running on your systems, consider thefollowing questions.

2. What failure scenarios are likely to occur?3. What data should I consider critical?4. How frequent should backup be scheduled to take place?5. When should a full, incremental or differential backup be scheduled to take place?6. Will backup be scheduled to take place automatically or manually?7. How is a successful backup verified?8. How are useful backups determined?9. How long will the backup be saved before the medium is reused?10.How long will last backup restoration take?11.Where will the backup storage media be kept?12.Will authorized personnel be allowed to access backup storage media for restorations?13.In the absence of the system administrator, what will be the source of backup procedures and system

password acquisition and in case performing restoration is necessary?

14.Is there a disaster recovery policy in place that can incorporate the above?Practices That are Recommended When developing a disaster recovery plan, you should consider the following: Backup and restoration procedures should be developed using the appropriate personnel and resources. To ensure that data can be recovered in a timely manner, you need to test the procedures. To avoid catastrophic failures, you need to back up the whole system volume. To prevent security information and user accounting from loss, backup the active directory. For faster granular file restorations, all available logs should be backed up. Keep three backup copies in storage media with one kept in an environment that is controlled at an off-site

location.

Verify if backups are proper and successful by performing trial restorations periodically.


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Put precautions in place to ensure that nobody else restores data to the wrong servers. Detailed system component descriptions should be maintained to help in case of hardware failures that are

very severe that calls for system replacement or rebuild. The descriptions should contain system components

like tape drive, drives, IRQ, Network card configuration, memory, CPU, Video mode settings, SCSI

configuration, DMA and I/O among other components.

A list of current patches that are installed on every system environment should be maintained and OEMspecific drivers, patches, Net Vault and O/S media used for distribution should be readily available.

Maintain each system configuration profile that is up to date and should include machine names, networksettings (TCP/IP configurations), account and domain information, layouts of disk partitions, sizes of

partitions, disk configurations, installed O/S patches and partition system file format type.

System Crash RestorationYou should first determine the cause of data loss in case of system failure and repair it before restoration takes

place. In case of a disaster, system rebuilds or repair is done. Restoration of a repaired system that was damaged

should include the following steps:

1. The O/S is re-installed.2. OEM drivers are installed.3. O/S patches are installed.4. Net Vault Client is installed.5.

Net vault patches are installed.


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6. Data is restored.Restoration of Net Vault Server1. The O/S is re-installed.2. OEM drivers are installed.3. O/S patches are installed.4. Net Vault Server is installed.5. Net Vault patches are installed.6. Net Vault devices are configured.7. Net Vault database is scanned in the tape that contains it.8. Net vault database restoration.9. Data restoration.


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Conclusion

A data recovery plan should be created by the whole organization or company and not just an IT department or

data centre to make it a corporate-wide plan. It is a long term project that should include logbooks, operating

procedures that are standardized, a scheduled tape backup rotation that is reliable, problem isolation procedures

and data flow diagrams. It will facilitate the isolation of application bugs, lessen support personnel and

requirements, lessen mistakes made during operations as well as a general system and application that are easier to

maintain. Net Vault software for network backup and restore provides a data insurance policy that is the simplest

and fastest.

Data recovery can be done either manually or scheduled to take place at a designated time and day.


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About The Author

The Author of this eBook is a prominent and a leading private Investigator Singapore and worldwide. He hasworked in this industry for so many years and earned himself a lot of respect, experience and a good reputation.

Though he is knowledgeable in investigative cases, he also has skills and knowledge in data recovery. He took his

time to write this eBook because data loss is something that occurs on a daily basis without giving warning signs

hence inevitable. Individuals and companies lose millions of dollars everyday due to data losses hence it is

important to invest in a backup and data recovery procedure and management plan. Many people are looking for

information from someone with hands on experience in data recovery. The eBook basically covers everything one

might want to know about data loss, data recovery and preventive measures to avoid data loss.


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A Leading Private Investigator Singapore And Worldwide Explains Data Recovery

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