A Historic Choice: West Papua, Human Rights and Pacific ...
Transcript of A Historic Choice: West Papua, Human Rights and Pacific ...
By Dr Jason MacLeod, Rosa Moiwend and Jasmine Pilbrow
A HISTORIC CHOICE : WEST PAPUA, HUMAN RIGHTS
AND PACIF IC DIPLOMACY AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND
MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUPBY DR JASON MACLEOD, ROSA MOIWEND AND JASMINE PILBROW
DISCLOSURE STATEMENTSJason MacLeod has advised the ULMWP previously, in a voluntary capacity. He was not working in this capacity when this report was written. This report was not paid for or vetted by any organisation that would benefit from its findings. Dr Macleod is affiliated with the West Papua Project of the University of Sydney and with The University of Queensland and coordinates Pasifika.
Rosa Moiwend has advised the ULMWP previously, in a voluntary capacity. She was not working in this capacity when this report was written. Rosa Moiwend is a researcher and co-coordinator of Pasifika.
Jasmine Pilbrow has been working as an intern with Pasifika.
Cover: The five members of the United Liberation Movement for West Papua lead the march for full membership of the Melanesian Spearhead Group in Honiara, Solomon Islands, 2015. Photo: Pasifika collection.
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(Click on the section or page name above to jump directly to the page).
ContentsSummary .................................................................................................. 5
Introduction .........................................................................................7
Background: what is driving the conflict? ...........................................11
Political dynamics between January 2014 and July 2016 .................. 13
The United Liberation Movement for West Papua ...........................13
Full membership of the MSG is an essential step
in the West Papuan road map to peace ................................. 17
The West Papuan Road Map to Peace .....................................17
The West Papuan movement for freedom .............................. 19
Human rights violations in West Papua between
January 2014 and July 2016 .......................................... 21
Illustrating the failure of the Indonesian state to resolve
human rights violations ............................................. 25
The emergence of nationalist militia groups backed
up by the Indonesian state ..................................... 27
Conclusion: The Pacific’s ‘Responsibility to
Protect’ and intervention by Pacific Island
States as a remedy for a failure of
governance ......................................................31
References ...................................................... 33
Appendix 1: Human Rights violations committed
by the Indonesian security forces in West Papua
(Papua and Papua Barat Provinces) between
January 2014 and July 2016 ..................35
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SummaryThe West Papuan movement for freedom is growing. And a wave of support is building across the Pacific. The human rights situation in West Papua, however, is deteriorating. Instead of embracing the United Liberation Movement for West Papua as a partner, the body that best represents the aspirations of the West Papuan people, Indonesian President Joko Widodo has criminalised the ULMWP, fomented nationalist militia groups and created conditions that encourage state violence against the Papuan people. The fact that the Papuans have been pursuing their aspirations through a combination of nonviolent action and domestic and international diplomacy further illustrates the total failure of the Indonesian government’s willingness and ability to protect their citizens in West Papua. Pacific Island nations are ideally placed to address this situation. Individual Pacific leaders have already acted morally and courageously to help constrain Indonesian violence. In doing so they have compelled the Indonesian government to respond to persistent and serious concerns Pacific peoples have about West Papua and West Papuans, a people who are embraced as family members. An opportunity exists to elevate Pacific ways of resolving conflict and doing diplomacy and embed these in regional and sub-regional forum. By pursuing independent human rights missions, raising the issue of West Papua at the United Nations, formally including the ULMWP in the Pacific Island Forum, and granting full membership of the ULMWP in the Melanesian Spearhead Group, Pacific Island states can help constrain Indonesian state violence and create the conditions for the peaceful and dignified resolution of the conflict in West Papua. Geopolitical power and influence concerning West Papua has shifted from ‘Western countries’ to the Pacific. With that comes a unique historical choice for the members of the Pacific Island Forum and other sub-regional bodies, including the Melanesian Spearhead Group: to support the West Papuan aspirations to peacefully determine their own future or to side with the forces of empire. Pacific Island leaders can turn their backs or ‘bring West Papua back to the family’.
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Introduction This report analyses political developments and human rights violations in West Papua by the Indonesian state in response to the West Papuan people’s aspirations for self-determination. It covers the period between January 2014, when a delegation of Melanesian Spearhead Group Foreign Ministers’ visited the territory, and 15 July 2016, the day after Melanesian Spearhead Group Special Leaders meet in Honiara and decided to defer a decision on the United Liberation Movement for West Papua’s application for full membership. That decision will now be made by MSG leaders in Port Vila, Vanuatu before September.
The purpose of the report is to provide political decision makers in the Pacific – both at the Melanesian Spearhead Group and the Pacific Island Forum as well as civil society leaders in the Pacific, Non-Government Organisations, the Churches and solidarity groups in particular – with accurate, detailed and timely information about political developments and the human rights situation inside the country, a region that few manage to visit, let alone for any extended period. The authors hope that this information will assist them in their deliberations over the ULMWP’s application for full membership of the Melanesian Spearhead Group as well as the request before the Pacific Island Forum for an international human rights fact finding mission. In light of the worsening human rights situation, a rapidly approaching demographic catastrophe and the Indonesian government’s failure to protect West Papuans this report underscores the need for international remedies. The most obvious and powerful is to take the issue to the United Nations, including to re-list West Papua on the United Nations Committee for Decolonisation and to formally include the ULMWP in regional and sub-regional fora. As a priority the ULMWP should be granted full membership of the Melanesian Spearhead Group. West Papuans need to have a seat at the table, to be the ones making decisions about their own future. Amongst other things, West Papuans need sub-regional and regional leaders to demand that the territory to be opened up to foreign media and international human rights observers.
What emerges from the findings is a detailed picture of human rights violations, carried out largely, but not exclusively, by the Indonesian police. Abuses are both systemic and systematic, routinely marked by violent and virulent racism. Human rights violations in West Papua, particularly denial of the West Papuans freedom of expression, has dramatically increased since the formation of the ULMWP in Vanuatu on the 6th of December 2014. The ULMWP and their supporters in particular are being targeted by the Indonesian state. In 2014, prior to the formation of the West Papuan umbrella group, 105 people were arrested for nonviolent political activity. In 2015, 710 people were arrested for unarmed political activity in support of West Papuans right to self-determination. According to data provided by the Papuan Coalition for Human Rights and the Legal Aid Institute in Jakarta, by July 2016, 4,198 West Papuans were arrested, an increase of more than 4000% since the MSG foreign minister mission in 2014. Disturbingly, that data is only for the first half of 2016. All of these arrests
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were for nonviolent actions – handing out leaflets, public oration, displaying banners, and participating in public demonstrations – calling for the ULMWP to be granted full membership of the Melanesian Spearhead Group. Most of those arrested were young people, of high school or university age. Even primary school aged students as young as 11 years old were also arrested by the police for participating in nonviolent action. Many of those detained by the police were arrested using excessive forces and were tortured while in detention. In some cases, such as Yahukimo, Police acts of torture against ULMWP activists occurred in public using household instruments like hammers.
Acts of state violence occur all over West Papua and are carried out by all parts of the security forces: the military, and all levels of police including the mobile police brigade and Special Detachment 88. The human rights violations alleged in the report are serious. They include killing, torture, sexual assault and deprivation of liberty, the purpose of which appears to be a failed attempt to silence West Papuans nonviolently expressing a political opinion to be free. In more recent months, as the West Papua campaign gained strength internationally, the Indonesian police facilitated the mobilisation of demonstrations by nationalist militia groups, a pattern of conflict that echoes East Timor. Militias have been mobilised against West Papuans in displays of force across West Papua and in Java. In each case armed state actors – the police and the military – are in the background, ominously backing up militia mobilisations. In Yogyakarta in July 2016, for example, the police publicly beat and humiliated students while hundreds of militiamen armed with iron bars, clubs and knives intimidated West Papuans who were singing freedom songs in their dormitory.
The Indonesian government appears to be conducting a campaign to destroy the United Liberation Movement in West Papua (ULMWP) despite the fact that group is committed to nonviolently pursuing their right to self-determination and that West Papuans right to freedom of expression is meant to be guaranteed under the Indonesian constitution. Regardless of repeated reassurances from the Indonesian government that they would resolve human rights violations in West Papua the evidence clearly shows that the human rights situation is rapidly worsening under the leadership of Indonesian President Joko Widodo. The Indonesian state has failed to guarantee West Papuans right to safety and life as well as their right to freely and peacefully express a political opinion. Consequently, including the ULMWP in the Pacific Island Forum and granting the ULMWP full membership of the Melanesian Spearhead is needed not just because West Papuans are Pacific people and pursuing a decolonisation agenda, but as a remedy to help bring international pressure bear to peacefully resolve the Pacific’s longest running and most violent conflict: the slow motion genocide in West Papua.
The data in the report comes from in country interviews and a meta-analysis of all human rights reports published during the reporting period, both in English and Indonesian. We particularly want to acknowledge Elsham for their assistance in preparing this report. Activist reports have only been used when they can be triangulated with at least two other sources.
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Two of the report’s three authors travelled clandestinely into conflict areas inside West Papua to conduct interviews with organisers of demonstrations, survivors of human rights violations, human rights lawyers and human rights defenders. In addition, the report is based on long-term participatory action research inside West Papua throughout the reporting period. Despite collecting data from across West Papua, this report is not a comprehensive forensic analysis of the human rights situation, and in many cases perpetrators have neither been successfully identified nor have violations been adequately investigated. Unfortunately the political situation is not conducive to such research being undertaken. This is why independent human rights investigation, monitoring and evaluation is desperately needed.
The report was written by independent researchers Dr Jason MacLeod, an academic working on civil resistance and West Papua, and Rosa Moiwend, a human rights defender and gender and critical development researcher. Additional assistance was provided by Jasmine Pilbrow who drew on detailed research provided by Elsham Papua, AJAR, the International Coalition for West Papua, Tapol, Papuans Behind Bars, Legal Aid Institute in Jakarta, Human Rights Watch, Gereja Kristen Injili – Tanah Papua, the Kingmi Church of Papua, as well as lawyers and activist groups. Publication and dissemination of the report is supported by the Pacific Association of Non-Government Organisations and the Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace of the Archdiocese of Brisbane. Thank you to everyone who assisted.
The report summarises the conflict, mindful that many audiences of the Pacific are still not fully aware of what is driving conflict in West Papua. The political dynamics of the conflict are analysed paying particular attention to the period between January 2014, when the Melanesian Foreign Ministers mission briefly visited the territory and July 2016, when the majority of this report was written. The United Liberation Movement for West Papua, is also introduced, along with their plan for creating a just and sustainable peace in West Papua. In addition, the broader political dynamics of the West Papuan movement for freedom is also analysed. The Appendix of the report summarises human rights violations between January 2014 and July 2014. There is also a discussion of five patterns that have emerged from an analysis of the data. One case in particular, the killing of five school aged children in Enarotali by the Indonesian security forces, is discussed in more detail as exemplar of the Indonesian state’s failure to resolve human rights violations. Next the emergence of nationalist militia groups backed up by the Indonesian state is documented, a troubling phenomenon echoing the history of East Timor, portending the willingness of the state to use extreme violence against Papuans. The report concludes by arguing that Pacific Island states are in an ideal position to contribute positively to resolving the conflict. Independent human rights missions by Pacific Island states, formal inclusion of the ULMWP in regional fora, such as granting full membership of the MSG, as well as addressing the question of West Papua at the United Nations, will help create conditions that constrain Indonesian state violence, compel the Indonesian government to formally address their failure to protect West Papuans, and create space for the Papuan people’s deeply held aspirations to be taken seriously.
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Background: what is driving the conflict?Despite the public attention the issue of West Papua is attracting across Melanesia, Polynesia and Micronesia it is clear there is still not a widespread and deep understanding of what is generating conflict and violence in West Papua. The causes of conflict in West Papua are multiple and interlinked. They include:
1 . HISTORICAL GRIEVANCES. West Papua is part of the Pacific. During the Dutch period West Papuans were present at the formation of the South Pacific Commission, the forerunner to the Pacific Island Forum. West Papuans also founded the Pacific Conference of Churches in Malua, Western Samoa in 1961. By the late 1950s the Dutch were belatedly preparing the West Papuans for self-rule. West Papuans established their own parliament, flag, national anthem and a coat of arms. When the Dutch left, West Papuans were re-colonised by the Indonesian state. Initially the Indonesian government administered West Papua on behalf of the United Nations on the understanding that there would be an act of self-determination supervised by the United Nations. In reality this was the beginning of the occupation. West Papuans expressing their aspirations to be free were violently repressed. When the so-called Act of Free Choice took place in 1969 less than 0.01% of the Papuan population (1022 people) participated. Those that did were coerced at gunpoint to do so. The 1969 Act of Free Choice is West Papua’s founding human rights violation. The Act of Free Choice was fraudulent. It was neither free nor fair. Until there is a genuine referendum in West Papua, the Indonesian state cannot claim any political legitimacy.
2. STATE SANCTIONED HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS. West Papuan is illegally occupied by the Indonesian military. Amnesty International estimates that over 100,000 have been killed in the fifty year conflict. Many West Papuans believe that figure is much higher, around 500,000. Freedom of expression is not protected and West Papuans who peacefully express their desire to be free are violently repressed by the security forces. According to Indonesian academic Dr Budi Hernawan (2015) the Indonesian state uses torture as a tool of governance. Dr Jim Elmslie and Camellia Webb-Gannon (2013) argue that the Indonesian government is intentionally destroying West Papuans seeking independence as a group, in whole or in part, and that this action, endorsed by the state and repeated over decades, fulfils the criteria of ‘genocide’.
3. ECONOMIC INJUSTICE . West Papuans’ land and resources are being exploited by destructive large-scale development projects, especially mines, oil and gas projects, logging, and palm oil plantations. Whole Indigenous nations have been forced off their
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land and into poverty by multi-national and Indonesian timber, mining and gas companies. West Papuans land rights are not respected or protected by law.
4. MIGRATION. A ‘slow-motion genocide’ is taking place. In 1971 West Papuans were 96.09 per cent of the population of West Papua. By 2010 the percentage of Papuans living in West Papua was 48.73 per cent of the population. West Papuans are already a minority in their own land.
5. INSTITUTIONAL RACISM. Racism and indigenous disadvantage and marginalisation in the economy, education, health sector, security forces, and bureaucracy translates to a lack of will to address the root causes of the conflict. There is no affirmative action policy. In the remote areas instead of having access to schools and health clinics the population is subjected to increasing militarisation.
These grievances form a narrative of betrayal and suffering at the hands of the international community, the Indonesian State, and global capital, resulting in high levels of frustration and a near total distrust of the Indonesian Government.
West Papuans want to be free and to have their rights respected.
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Political dynamics between January 2014 and July 2016 Between January 2014 and July 2016, the political dynamics in West Papua have changed more than in the entire previous fifty years. The West Papuans have unified under the banner of the United Liberation Movement for West Papua. Through this process and the ULMWP’s determination to seek membership of the Melanesian Spearhead Group, the issue of West Papua has been internationalised. At the same time the MSG’s potential as a forum to promote peaceful political negotiations between West Papua and Indonesian has been revealed. However, the MSG’s role as a potential peacemaker, and as a body that represents Melanesian interests, has not been straightforward. Nor is it inevitable.
THE UNITED L IBERATION MOVEMENT FOR WEST PAPUA
ULMWP(5 elected executive members representing each coalition. Octovianus Mote, representing the NFRWP is the General Secreatary, Benny Wenda representating PNWP is the Spokesperson and Jacob Rumbiak (NFRWP), Rex Rumakiek (WPNCL) and Leonie Tanggahma (WPNCL) are exectutive members).
WPNCLThe West Papua National Coalition or WPNCL is a coalition that represents more than 19 resistance groups inside West Papua.
NFRWPThe National Federal Republic of West Papua or NFRWP represents the West Papua National Authority (WPNA), the Dewan Adat Papua (DAP) or Papuan Custonary Council, and the former Presidium Dewan Papua (PDP).
PNWPNational Parliament for West Papua (Parlamen Nasional West Papua).
PNWP includes the West Papua National Committee (Komite Nasional Papua Barat or KNPB).
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The first West Papuan group to apply for membership of the MSG was the West Papua National Coalition for Liberation. Their application was discussed at the Melanesian Spearhead Group meeting in Noumea 2013. However, MSG Leaders rejected WPNCL’s application for membership, questioning the organisations representation. At the urging of FLNKS (Front de Libération Nationale Kanak et Socialiste) the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front who chaired the meeting, MSG leaders agreed to send a Foreign Minister delegation to determine how representative the West Papua National Coalition for Liberation was. The decision, which was in response to an invitation by the Indonesian Government and an agreement by Fiji to lead the delegation, was set down in Point 21(d) of the MSG leaders’ communiqué dated 20 June 2013 (Melanesian Spearhead Group 2013; Tim Khusus, 2014).
When the report of the Melanesian Foreign Ministers Mission to West Papua was discussed at the Special MSG Leaders Meeting in Port Moresby in June 2014 the question of West Papuan unity again emerged. In Point 8, sub point (ii) of the Leaders Communique, dated 26 June 2014, the leaders “agreed to invite all [West Papuan resistance] groups to form an inclusive and united umbrella group … [and] to work on submitting a fresh application” (Melanesian Spearhead Group 2014). At the request of Papua New Guinea and Fiji the communique used the words “in consultation with Indonesia” but for West Papua this is impossible. It would be like asking the FLNKS to reform in consultation with France. In clarifying discussions between West Papuan leaders and the former Prime Minister Joe Natuman and the late Edward Natepei, who had been appointed Special Envoy on West Papua, the Vanuatu government generously agreed to help finance a reconciliation and unification meeting. It was clear in these discussions that it was inappropriate to consult with Indonesia
That reconciliation and unification meeting eventually took place in Port Vila in November and December 2014. The meeting was organised by a tripartite committee made up of the Vanuatu Government, the Vanuatu Council of Churches, and the Malvatumauri National Council of Chiefs and facilitated by the Pacific Conference of Churches. However, it is worth stating emphatically that the process of unity formation amongst the West Papuans occurred not only at the behest of the Melanesian Spearhead Group. Separate to the diplomatic process young people inside West Papua, frustrated by the infighting of their elders, started meeting in secret. These mid-level leaders represented each of the three major alliances inside West Papua: the West Papua National Coalition for Liberation; The Federal State Republic of West Papua; and the National Parliament of West Papua. For more than 18 months they built relationships, clarified perceptions, analysed the movement’s failures and hammered out the beginnings of shared agreements. Informal discussions were also supported by church leaders.
By the time their leaders met in Vanuatu in November/December 2014 the groundwork for unity had already been laid. On 6th December 2014 the United Liberation Movement for West Papua was formally launched. The agreement to form the ULMWP and a five person secretariat to coordinate international lobbying efforts, written down in the Saralana Declaration, was sealed in a traditional ceremony led by Paramount Chief of Malvatumauri National Council
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of Chiefs, Chief Senimao Tirsupe Mol Torvakavat. The signing ceremony was witnessed by current and former Prime Ministers of Vanuatu, government dignitaries, and senior leaders from the Vanuatu Council of Churches and the Pacific Conference of Churches.
The honourable Barak Sope, former Vanuatu Prime Minister of Vanuatu, was among the witnesses of the Saralana Declaration (MacLeod 2015a). Exhibiting a nuanced understanding of the dynamics of political struggle and the vagaries of international relations, Sope remarked:
The struggle for independence needs to be a peaceful one. I say this because it will help the governments in the Melanesian Spearhead Groups help you. It may be a big ask for it to be a peaceful struggle but that is the way to bring the other governments on board so we can move forward. Many governments want to help you. From the MSG we can go all the way up to the United Nations. But becoming a member of the Melanesian Spearhead Group is the first step.
On the 4th of February 2015 representatives of the United Liberation Movement for West Papua converged again on Port Vila, to strategise then submit their application for full membership to the MSG. The delegation of leaders from inside and outside West Papua were formally received by MSG secretariat. One of the West Papuan leaders, Edison Waromi of the National Federal Republic of West Papua said ‘we were welcomed not just as if we were already a member but as if we were already a state!’
In June 2015 the ULMWP was formally welcomed as a member of the MSG with the status of Observer. The decision was the culmination of an intense six month campaign across 4 countries (Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands) and two territories (West Papua and Kanaky) (MacLeod 2015b). Newfound unity, political clarity over what West Papuans want, and fearless unarmed civilian mobilisations by West Papuans inside the country ignited a wave of international support, particularly in the Pacific, straining Indonesian legitimacy in the troubled territory. At the same time that West Papua was accepted, the Republic of Indonesia’s status as an Observer was elevated to that of Associate Member, represented by the Governors of Indonesia’s five eastern most provinces: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Maluku Utara, Maluku Selatan, Papua Barat and Papua.
Interestingly, the proposal that the five governors of eastern Indonesia represent the Indonesian government was not even supported by the governors of Papua Barat and Papua provinces, Indonesia’s only real Melanesian provinces. In a stunning act of non-cooperation, when President Widodo tried to meet with Lukas Enembe, the governor of Papua province, Enembe switched off his phone for three days. He told a trusted insider, who declined to be named, that “the MSG has nothing to do with me” (MacLeod 2015b). Both he and the Papua Barat Governor, Abraham Atururi refused to attend the MSG Leaders’ Summit. The following year in July 2016 the West Papuan governors again failed to attend the Special Leaders Meeting of the MSG in Honiara in July 2016. Governor Enembe went further. He criticised Luhut Pandjaitan, the Indonesian Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal and
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Security Affairs, who proposed to resolve human rights through a new monitoring team and enforced reconciliation. Enembe argued that the teams would not be independent, would be restricted in what they could investigate and that compelling reconciliation in the absence of some kind of equalising power arrangement was inappropriate. It is not surprising therefore that the Papuan Governors are not trusted by the Indonesian State to represent their political interests.
Prior to the MSG meeting in Honiara to discuss the application for full membership by the ULMWP, MSG leaders and senior officials meet in Lautoka, Fiji on the 16th of June. At that meeting the MSG Sub-Committee on Legal and Institutional Issues agreed to prepare the criteria for membership. West Papuan leaders understand that the core criteria would be based on ethnicity – being Melanesian – and a commitment to decolonisation and self-determination. Indeed this was what was communicated to the West Papuan leadership. Unfortunately, by the time MSG Leaders came together in Honiara, the Sub-Committee had still not developed a criteria. With the failure of the governments of Papua New Guinea and Fiji to support the ULMWP’s application for full membership the decision was deferred to a meeting in Port Vila, Vanuatu to be held before September 2016.
Encouraged by Melanesian leaders, West Papuans believe that the MSG leaders will welcome them as full members. The MSG is the paramount sub-regional body that speaks for the interests of Melanesians. The MSG was originally formed to champion self-determination and decolonisation of Melanesians. It is the place for upholding Melanesian cultures, traditions and values. The ULMWP is seeking MSG leaders support and assistance to support self-determination and uphold Melanesian cultures, traditions and values. The MSG is the most appropriate venue for addressing these vital interests.
The situation in West Papua requires Pacific leaders’ urgent attention. West Papuans are facing a slow motion genocide. According to political demographer, Dr Jim Elmslie (2010), by 2020 Indigenous West Papuans will comprise 29% of the total population in West Papua. West Papuans human rights are not respected and the Indonesian government has failed to address the West Papuans political grievances. As this report illustrates there is no freedom of expression and that situation is steadily worsening. West Papuans are being jailed, tortured and killed for peacefully expressing their political opinion and desire for decolonisation and self-determination. Indigenous Melanesian culture and identity continues to be criminalised. West Papuans economic, social and cultural rights are also not respected. Customary land rights are not adequately enshrined in law. Land is forcibly seized for development projects. The Indonesian state has failed to protect West Papuans. Unless the political situation in West Papua is resolved regional stability in general, and in Papua New Guinea where there are tens of thousands of refugees, will remain elusive. Full membership is needed as a remedy, to equalise the power relations between Indonesian and West Papua, and to compel the Indonesian government to seriously and peacefully resolve the root causes of the conflict.
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West Papuans want to be free. They want to determine their own future peacefully without intimidation and violence. Becoming a full member of the MSG is an essential step in the West Papuan road map for peace.
Ever since the fall of Suharto in May 1998, the Indonesian government has persistently rebuffed West Papuan calls for dialogue. At the moment, and at no previous time in history, have there been any international forums or mechanisms that compel the Indonesian government to sit down with the West Papuans as equals and talk about the causes of the conflict. Becoming a full member of the MSG will change that. It will help compel the Indonesian government to address human rights violations. It will turn the MSG into a permanent forum for dialogue, enabling, for the first time, West Papuans to speak for themselves. As a full member of the MSG, the ULMWP will be in a better position to re-list West Papua on the United Nations Committee on Decolonisation. They will be in a position to propose and organise greater international involvement to resolve human rights violations.
Full membership of the MSG is an essential step in the West Papuan road map to peace
THE WEST PAPUAN ROAD MAP TO PEACE1. Full membership of the MSG.
2. Independent international human rights monitoring
3. Re-listing West Papua on the United Nations Committee for Decolonisation
4. Political negotiations
5. An internationally supervised vote on West Papua.
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In the 1960s Western interests – the United States, Netherlands, British and Australian governments – sold out West Papua. Firstly, they sacrificed the rights of West Papua because they wanted to prevent the Indonesian government led by Sukarno from moving closer to the Soviet Union. It was Cold War politics. In the eyes of Washington, London and Canberra, West Papuans were expendable. Later, when the pro-U.S dictator Suharto was in power, ‘the West’ sacrificed West Papua in order to access West Papua’s massive mineral wealth, the massive gold and copper deposits of the Freeport-McMoRan-Rio Tinto mine. This time the motivation was economic gain.
Now, the geopolitical power in the region, particularly in relation to West Papua, is shifting to Melanesia. The FLNKS and the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu governments have already determined that their own political and economic interests lie with a close relationship with West Papua. This leaves the other two Melanesian nations, the governments of Fiji and Papua New Guinea, with a stark choice: to support West Papuan sovereignty or to sell out West Papua again. If they do so, it will not be some other foreign power, it will be Melanesian nations that are supporting colonialism. Accepting West Papua as a full member of the MSG does not mean sacrificing important bilateral relationships with Indonesia. It is about equalising the power relations between West Papua and Indonesia in order to create the conditions for stability. What will Papua New Guinea and Fiji do? Champion decolonisation and self-determination for all Melanesian people or back colonialism? The choice is as simple as that.
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The West Papuan movement for freedomSince the fall of the former Indonesian dictator Suharto in 1998 resistance to Indonesian colonialism has transitioned from armed uprisings in the jungles and mountains to nonviolent rebellion in the cities in towns. In August 2016, when this report was written, unarmed, civilian-led, insurrectionary forces, are far more numerous and widespread than armed resistance (which incidentally, is also backing the ULMWP). Nonviolent action also occurs more regularly than politically motivated violent action. Barely a week, or even a day, goes by without some kind of nonviolent protest in the cities and towns of West Papua, over violations of basic rights or demands for ‘full freedom’. Ironically, the security forces are often more cognisant of the power of nonviolent resistance than many Papuans. For example, the top fifteen ‘enemies of the state’, writes the journalist Alan Nairn (2010) who cites leaked Indonesian Army documents, are all civilian leaders: church leaders, students, members of parliament, and leaders of the Papuan Customary Council. The Indonesian military considers nonviolent resistance ‘much more dangerous’ because they have ‘reached the outside world’ with their ‘obsession’ with ‘merdeka’ (independence/freedom) and persist in ‘propagating the issue of severe human rights violations in Papua’ …’murders and abductions that are done by the security forces’ (Nairn 2010). In the last decade that influence has become possible because the unarmed civilian movement has grown exponentially in strength, used mobile communication technologies to their advantage, and enacted better strategy, even as the movement faces considerable obstacles.
Papuans in 2016 also desire freedom just as much, if not more, than Papuans who desired freedom back in 1963, when the Indonesian government first took over administrative control of the country. This desire is not just held by independence activists but members of the political elite and Indonesian bureaucracy who even while being employed by the state hold little commitment to it (Braithwaite et al 2010, p. 133-4). For the overwhelming majority of Papuans, freedom means independence from Indonesia (Kirksey 2012; MacLeod 2015).
Evidence for the rise of the nonviolent movement and ordinary people’s support for freedom can be seen by the rise in mass mobilisations. Participation and commitment to the goal of freedom can be measured by the number of Papuans arrested by the police in pro-independence and pro-ULMWP demonstrations. In 2014, 370 activists were arrested for peacefully expressing a political opinion. By 2015 the number of arrests was 1,083. By July 2016 the number of people arrested in 2016 had jumped to a phenomenal 4,198. This is more than a 4000% increase in the numbers of arrests since 2014 even though the time period is only six months. Even primary school aged students and civil servants – in uniform – joined in these demonstrations. May 2016 represents the highest number of arrests for
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political action in the history of Indonesia. This is a serious challenge to the Indonesian state’s legitimacy in West Papua. It illustrates the movement’s preparedness to raise the political costs of the occupation.
Not only has there been an increase in the numbers of people participating and their preparedness to risk arrest, beatings and torture at the hands of the Indonesian security forces, there has also been a dramatic increase in the kinds of social groups and the types of people willing to participate in nonviolent action. First of all new actors have appeared on the scene. The most important of these is the ULMWP. On 15 February 2016 the ULMWP opened their first office in Wamena, in the highlands of West Papua. Over 5000 people attended the opening. Church leaders blessed the gathering. Prominent migrants and even Indonesian policemen attended the event. This represents an overt institutional challenge to the Indonesian government’s crumbling authority. Church leaders have also been much more active in human rights advocacy. Catholic clergy were arrested by Indonesian police for protesting the failure of the Indonesian state to hold the perpetrators – all members of the Indonesian security forces – to account for the murder of five school children on 8 December 2014 in Enarotali. Members of the GKI Church of Tanah Papua, Kingmi Church and the Baptist Church in West Papua have also publicly affirmed their support for the ULMWP as the body representing West Papuans political aspirations.
Primary school students, individual church leaders, a handful of migrants and even the odd police officer participating in nonviolent action is manageable but when entire state institutions and state leaders refuse to cooperate the ability of the state to maintain order is severely constrained. In 2010, for instance, the Majelis Rakyat Papua, the Papuan People’s Assembly, openly defied the state and even went as far as endorsing a two day occupation of the Papuan Provincial Parliament (MacLeod 2015).
By June 2015 the Governors of both provinces, Papua and Papua Barat, were refusing to support the Indonesian state. In an effort to oppose the growing support of the ULMWP the Indonesian state insisted that they were capable of representing their Melanesian citizens. Jakarta proposed that the Governors of the five most eastern provinces – Papua, Papua Barat, Maluku Utara, Maluku Selatan and Nusa Tenggara Timur – represent Indonesian at the Melanesian Spearhead Group. Of these five provinces only two, Papua and Papua Barat, self-identify as Melanesian. These two governors have refused to participate in the Indonesian government’s attempts to exclude the ULMWP from the MSG. As well as growing opposition inside West Papua support within Indonesia is also slowly growing.
Unfortunately the Indonesian government is unwilling to abandon a realist security approach to dealing with Papuan grievances and defiance. Yet this is a double edged sword for the government. Repression by the security forces generates more Papuan grievances, resulting in greater numbers of movement participants. Simultaneously, the ability of the Papuan movement to communicate the violence of the occupation to a growing international audience via social media is both deepening and broadening transnational solidarity.
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Human rights violations in West Papua between January 2014 and July 2016The attached Appendix details some of the human rights violations perpetrated by the Indonesian state that have occurred in West Papua in the period between January 2014 and July 2016. This is complemented by additional data provided by Elsham, The Institute for the Study and Advocacy of Human Rights in West Papua (Elsham), Papuan lawyers and the Legal Aid Institute in Jakarta concerning freedom of expression. Unfortunately it is not safe to carry out a comprehensive and independent human rights investigation in West Papua. Moreover human rights organisations are not adequately resourced to do so.
Despite significant constraints human rights defenders, activists and lawyers have been able to collect a substantial amount of data. Much of this is in Bahasa Indonesia and remains unpublished. Combined with the failure of the Indonesian government to open up West Papua to independent media scrutiny this means the full picture of the human rights situation in West Papua is not known. It is one of the reasons why the ULMWP and Papuan human rights defenders have consistently asked for high level independent investigation, monitoring and evaluation of the human rights situation in West Papua.
Six patterns clearly emerge from an analysis of the data.
1 . HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN WEST PAPUA HAVE GOTTEN WORSE UNDER INDONESIAN PRESIDENT JOKO WIDODO. As indicated by the Appendix arrests of activists expressing political opinions, extra judicial killings, torture and the banning of mass organisations have continued under Widodo’s leadership.
2. THE INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT IS TARGETING THE ULMWP. West Papuans expressing support for the ULMWP have been arrested and beaten for handing out leaflets and shot dead for organising a fundraiser in support of survivors of Tropical Cyclone Pam. Two of the leaders of the ULMWP inside West Papua are being threatened with treason by the Indonesian police simply for opening an office. The only thing constraining the Indonesian authorities is the international support the ULMWP is receiving from Pacific Island nations.
3. THE INDONESIAN STATE IS UNWILLING TO PROTECT FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN ITS EASTERN MOST COLONY. As stated above the number of people being arrested for peacefully expressing a political opinion has soared. Although the right to freedom of
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expression is meant to be protected by the Indonesian constitution it is criminalised in West Papua. The Indonesian police should not deny permission to demonstrate. The state requests demonstrators to notify them in order to support the police to maintain public order and safety. Refusing demonstrations on these grounds is a pretence designed to constrain political opposition to the occupation. Papuans are no longer afraid of the police and demonstrate even if they are denied permission to do so and when the state seeks to declare their political organisations illegal. Far from guaranteeing Papuan safety, who despite their defiance remain Indonesian citizens, the Indonesian police are making West Papua unsafe for Papuans. The police have become the main actor perpetrating human rights violations against West Papuans.
4. A CULTURE OF IMPUNITY IS RAMPANT. Clear cases of murder with abundant witnesses such as the 8 December killings in Paniai remain unsolved. The perpetrators remain in office and victims and witnesses are harassed and intimidated. The state is unwilling to prosecute. Serious acts of state violence including massacres have not been subject to independent and impartial investigations. The Human Rights Court that was a critical part of the Special Autonomy package only sat once, collapsing when it failed to hold police officers responsible for the murder and torture of young people in Abepura in 2002. This is not a case of the failure of local authorities. The culture of state impunity in human rights violations in West Papua, and in other parts of Indonesia, is institutionalised throughout Indonesia. Jokowi has been unable or unwilling to break with the Indonesian state’s violent past. The current Coordinating Minister for Politics, Security Affairs and Law, for instance, General Wiranto is a war criminal (Ball, 2006).
5. JOKOWI HAS FAILED TO DELIVER ON POLICY PROMISES MADE TO PACIF IC LEADERS. Indonesian President Joko Widodo (popularly known as Jokowi) and members of his Cabinet have gone to great lengths to reassure Pacific leaders that the situation is improving in West Papua, that economic development is the answer and that ‘foreign intervention is not needed’. In particularly Jokowi promised to open up media access and that he would release all political prisoners. He has failed to do both these things despite promising MSG leaders he would do both, ostensibly to dilute the ULMWP’s pacific diplomacy.
6. STATE VIOLENCE IS DRIVEN BY RACISM. Disturbingly, as we illustrate below, in the case of Indonesian police violence towards Papuan students in Yogyakarta, state violence appears driven by racism, and in many cases, hatred of Papuans and fear of their aspirations for freedom.
Under Jokowi’s presidency, mobilisation and political organising has increased dramatically. Commitment to the cause of merdeka (freedom) is deepening and participation in the West Papuan movement for freedom is broadening. The formation of the ULMWP has accelerated this dynamic. The movement for freedom in West Papua is not going away. The failure of
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Indonesian governance in West Papua has propelled West Papuans to seek redress in the Pacific. The Indonesian government looks to the actions, or inaction, of foreign governments in the Pacific, and that includes Australia and New Zealand, to calibrate their policies in West Papua in line with the Indonesian government’s assertion of their sovereignty in West Papua. Failure to address human rights, and failure to support the diplomatic efforts of the ULMWP to address the conflict, sends the message that violent repression, including extra-judicial killing and torture, is an acceptable response to West Papuan’s longing for fairness and to be treated with dignity.
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Illustrating the failure of the Indonesian state to resolve human rights violationsOne case that illustrates the failure of the Indonesian state to resolve human rights violations is the murder of five school children by the Indonesian security forces in Enarotali, a town in the Paniai highlands, on 8 December 2014. This failure is systemic and systematic. The Paniai killings is an exemplar of a much wider pattern.
Background. On the 7th December 2014 a group of children and young people were decorating a nativity scene at a small roadside chapel in Enarotali’s Ipakiye neighbourhood (Human Rights and Peace for Papua 2014; Amnesty Australia 2015). Erecting these small chapels, and the practice of vigiling at them, has become a widespread custom in Paniai. Similar makeshift chapels, designed to represent the manger that sheltered baby Jesus, are dotted throughout Deyei, Dogiyai and other parts of the Paniai highlands. Vigiling throughout the night during Advent, the period before Christmas, is particularly popular among church youth groups.
Sometime in the evening of 7 December 2014 members of Special Team (Tim Khusus) from Battalion 753 of the Indonesian military drove past in a vehicle that did not have its headlights on. The young people yelled at the vehicle telling them their lights were off (Bachelard 2014). According to witnesses the vehicle briefly stopped, drove off then returned with a truck full of soldiers. The soldiers got out of the truck and chased the group of young people. The soldiers caught a young girl, Yuliana Yeimo (aged 12 years), and beat her with their rifles. This was witnessed by the young people who told others. A crowd of people gathered and began throwing stones at the military personnel who fled.
The following day, 8 December 2014, approximately 800 West Papuans gathered on the Karel Bonay football field, Enarotali, in the centre of town directly in front of the police station and military command (Human Rights and Peace for Papua 2014). They wanted an explanation for the attack on Yeimo (Bachelard 2014). Some people had hunting bows that are regularly carried by the Mee, the main Indigenous nation who live in the Paniai region. They performed a traditional Mee waitai dance to demonstrate their grievance (Human Rights and Peace for Papua 2014; Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization 2015). The waita dance involves shouting, running in circles and mimicking birdsong (Human Rights and Peace for Papua 2014). According to witnesses a vehicle that people believed was involved in the attack on Yeimo was repeatedly hit.
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The police ordered everyone to leave, striking them with batons and sticks when they did not move. People at the scene then report that six or seven Indonesian officers chased the protesters into a nearby airfield (Human Rights and Peace for Papua 2014). Within a span of ten minutes witnesses heard gunshots and they saw members of the Indonesian security forces, including Brimob, the Indonesian mobile police brigade, with rifles (Human Rights and Peace for Papua 2014). Members of the Indonesian Airforce opened fire from a tower adjacent to the field. Police and military personnel fired live ammunition onto the crowd of 800 peaceful demonstrators, including women and children who were present (Human Rights and Peace for Papua 2014; Bachelard 2014). Five young people were killed in the attack: Simon Degei (18 years old), Otianus Gobai (18 years old), Alpius Youw (17 years old), Yulian Yeimo (17 years old) and Alpuis Gobay (Human Rights and Peace for Papua 2014; Bachelard 2014).
When the shooting stopped people called for medical assistance. At least 17 people were hospitalised from their wounds, five of whom were primary school children (Human Rights and Peace for Papua 2014; Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization 2015). Witnesses state that they did not see any police or military personnel provide medical assistance or help get people to hospital (Human Rights and Peace for Papua 2014).
Analysis. The Indonesian state has utterly failed to carry out an independent and impartial investigation into the murders. Initially the police and military said they would investigate the killings. This was vigorously rejected by the families of the victims, the survivors and civil society leaders. Instead Papuan human rights defenders conducted their own investigation. The team persuaded the Indonesian National Human Rights Commission (KomNasHAM) to take up the case. KomNasHAM formed an ad hoc team and requested resources and support from the Indonesian government to carry out an investigation. The Minister responsible, Luhut Pandjaitan, an ex-Special Forces General, who was then the Coordinating Minister for Politics, Security Affairs and Law, refused to provide the necessary assistance KomNasHAM required. After persistent delays prominent Papuan members of the ad hoc team resigned in protest. Nearly two years later there has been no investigation although the police did offer the families of the victims monetary compensation. This was rejected. As one family member told two of the authors of this report, ‘no amount of money will bring back our young people who were shot’. The perpetrators remain free and the survivors and family members of the victims continue to be harassed by members of the security forces. Witnesses are too scared to talk. Material evidence, including bullet casings left at the scene, are being kept in safekeeping. When Papuan clergy in Jayapura protested the lack of inaction in Jayapura they were arrested by the Indonesian police. Papuans have no trust that the Indonesian police and judiciary will fairly and impartially resolve the case.
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The emergence of nationalist militia groups backed up by the Indonesian stateAs the movement for freedom grows so too does the Indonesian government’s investment in state militias. Like East Timor prior to independence, this dynamic has a long history in West Papua. It was not long after the fall of Suharto and the end of the feared ‘military operations area’ period (Daerah Operasi Militer) that nationalist militias started appearing in West Papua. The first was Laskar Jihad (Jihad Force) (Martinkus 2002), closely followed by Barisan Merah Putih (Red and White Defenders Front). Religious leaders successfully organised to limit the spread of these militia groups, clearly demonstrating that the norms of cooperation, inclusion, harmony and peace were shared by all religions and the people of West Papua (MacLeod 2015a). Although Papuan religious leaders hoped their ‘Papua Land of Peace’ campaign would lead to peaceful dialogue between West Papuans and the security forces, particularly the military command structure, and reduce conflict, these aspirations were continually frustrated. As violence from the security forces continued West Papuans spoke less about West Papua as a Land of Peace and more about West Papua as an Emergency Zone (Zona Darurat).
Since then several new militia groups have appeared, forming, disbanding and reforming, depending on the political dynamics. Without question, all of these groups have been guided and supported by the military, police and Indonesian government. One such group is Lembaga Missi Reclassering Republik Indonesia (The Institute with the Mission of Re-education for the Republic of Indonesia), a militia and civilian based intelligence gathering network. For a while LMRRI held training adjacent to Tiki’s (Enough is Enough, a women’s human rights organisation), office in Waena, Jayapura. In April 2013 a senior West Papuan civil society leader observed the then Assistant Territorial Commander of the Indonesian Army demonstrate disassembling and reassembling semi-automatic weapons in front of Indonesian migrants and a handful of Papuans. Shortly after at least one Papuan human rights defender told us that she noticed migrants taking up residency close by, observing her activities. The newcomers stuck LMRRI stickers on their doors. The logo depicts an eye, ear, nose and mouth, exhorting members to mobilise all the sense to gather information to protect the state.
Since the formation of the ULMWP and the mass mobilisations and mass arrests in May 2015 – the largest mass arrests in Indonesia’s history since the overthrow of Suharto in May 1998 – a new militia group, BARA NKRI (Barisan Rakyat Pembela NKRI, the Unitary Republic of Indonesia People’s Defenders Front) has emerged. BARA NKRI mobilised
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hundreds of Indonesian migrants on the 31st of May and again on the 2nd of June when citizens gathered at the Trikora Oval in Abepura before marching to the Provincial Parliament in Jayapura (Tabloid Jubi, 2 June 2016a,b,c). BARA NKRI activists demanded the police to punish people who displayed pro-independence symbols. They urged the government and police to enforce a controversial law 77/2007 banning expressions of Papuan nationalism including the Morning Star Flag and demanded that ULMWP supporters should be pushed out of West Papua. Papuan journalists and human rights defenders observing the events told the authors of this report that they observed plain clothes police and military accompanying the demonstrators.
Militia activity became violent the following month on July 15 in Yogyakarta. Papuan students, members of the West Papuan University Student Alliance (Aliansi Mahasiswa Papua) organising under the name of Unified People for the Liberation of West Papua (Persatuan Rakyat untuk Pembebasan Papua Barat), notified the police that they intended to organise a long march on the 15th of July in support of the ULMWP’s application for full membership of the Melanesian Spearhead Group and self-determination for the people of West Papua. Their application was rejected, despite the fact that Indonesian constitution supposedly guarantees its citizens the right to peacefully express a political opinion. Instead of publicly protesting, the students elected to stay in their dormitories and sing songs of praise and liberation. But the police considered even this too threatening.
Messages circulated quickly through social media in Yogyakarta urging the Muslim community to ‘rise up and unite’ against the ‘anarchists’, ‘communists’ and ‘Godless’ who desire to ‘rebel’ and ‘separate from Indonesia’. In response to calls for the ‘lovers of Indonesia to rise up’ over a 100 militia men led by Indra Tatto, armed with sharp implements, clubs and iron bars, and backed up by the Indonesian police, gathered outside the student dormitory, Asrama Mahasiswa Papua Kamasan I, located on Jalan Kusumanegara, Yogyakarta. The militia were wearing uniforms associated with the Sultans Palace (Kraton), Yogya Force (Laskar Yogya), Pancasila Youth (Pemuda Pancasila), Forum Komunikasi Putra Putri Purnawirawan dan Putra Indonesia (Communication Forum of the Sons and Daughters of Indonesia). The police and militia taunted students with racist jibes, calling them monyet (monkey) and babi (pig), telling them they were anjing (dogs), kafir (infidels/Godless), bodoh (stupid), bau (stunk), kotor (dirty), and that they should pulang ke Papua (go back to Papua). Messages shared on social media are same kinds of phrases coming from the same kinds of political actors (like Pemuda Pancasila) that were used in Yogyakarta and other parts of Indonesia to mobilise militia to slaughter a million Indonesians in 1965.
When some of the students arrived at the dormitory with food for their friends the police and militia attacked them, savagely beating them in public while continuing to taunt them. After being physically beaten and verbally abused seven students were arrested. Several student’s motorbikes were also seized by police. At this point the situation turned into a momentary siege with students inside the dormitory too fearful to leave. Fortunately there were also
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expressions of solidarity from other Indonesians. In the late evening around 5:30pm according to witnesses Red Cross Indonesia arrived with an ambulance and food stuffs but they were prevented from distributing humanitarian aid to the students by the police. When the students continued to sing indigenous Papuan songs the police dispersed them with tear gas.
In the midst of these kinds of militia mobilisations there have been a number of mysterious killings. Rev. Dr Benny Giay reports that Nelson Tabuni, the younger brother of the late Mako Tabuni, a popular West Papua National Committee activist, was found dead in a ditch in Tanah Hitam, Abepura on the 8th of July 2016. Nelson was not the only victim. Rev Giay reports similar incidents in Jayapura, Nabire and districts and Timika since last June. “In short” writes Rev Giay via WhatsApp, these kinds of incidents “particularly Nelson Tabuni’s death is leading so many Papuan to live in an atmosphere of fear being next victim”.
The conditions for this kind of violence has been created by statements from people like Luhut Pandjaitan, the Coordinating Minister for Political Affairs, Security and Law, an ex-Kopassus officer who has issued a number of provocative statements. On 20 February 2016 Pandjaitan said the ULMWP and KNPB should leave West Papua (Wenda 2016). Pandjaitan is not the only public official who has made such comments. The Sultan of Yogyakarta, Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwana X, who rather than criticise the racism and violence of the police and the public lynch mob, launched a scathing rebuff of West Papuan students, justifying militia and police violence and racism, and insisting that Papuan separatists are not welcome in Yogyakarta.
In response to the Sultan and in the face of daily racism West Papuan students seriously considered organising a mass ‘exodus’, withdrawing from their university studies and returning to West Papua. Back in West Papua Rev. Dr Benny Giay issued a pastoral letter to all parishioners of the Kingmi Church, urging people to be indoors before nightfall and requesting that no church activities be conducted in the evenings. “West Papua is no longer safe” he tells us. He wants the wider church – both the World Council of Churches and Pope Francis – to “make West Papua a new project of the global community to uphold global ethics”.
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Conclusion: The Pacific’s ‘Responsibility to Protect’ and intervention by Pacific Island States as a remedy for a failure of governanceThe political science literature is clear that what is happening in West Papua portends looming large scale state orchestrated violence against West Papuans in general and, pro-independence activists, in particular. What is particularly concerning in this situation is that a particular ethnic group (Papuans), and especially those who express a political opinion to separate from Indonesia, are increasingly being dehumanised by another ethnic group (Indonesians). Most worryingly, the state (the police, military and government) not only justify violence, they are the perpetrators, framing violence in ways that resonate with previous acts of state sanctioned genocide in Indonesia including the 1965 mass killings and massacres in East Timor.
After the violence of the Balkans and Rwanda the international community coined the phrase ‘responsibility to protect’ (R2P). R2P is an emerging global norm. In summary R2P proposes that in situations where the state is unwilling or unable to protect its citizens from mass violence, sovereignty is no barrier for humanitarian intervention. Announcements by senior Ministers that Papuans desiring to separate from the Indonesian state are not considered worthy of state protection, militia violence, torture as a tool of governance by the police, ongoing military operations, criminalisation of West Papuans right to freedom of expression, attacks against the ULMWP, worsening human rights under an allegedly reformist government, and failure to open up West Papua to the foreign press, are all ‘early warning signs’ that conditions are ripening for mass violence. This pattern is consistent with historical dynamics in which the Indonesian state has intentionally set out to destroy pro-independence activists in Acheh, East Timor and West Papua. Political scientists James Elmslie and Camelia Webb-Gannon (2013) argue that the Indonesian state is guilty of presiding over a ‘slow motion genocide’ and that the state’s efforts to ‘destroy pro-independence groups in West Papua, in whole or in part’, will continue.
One of the only things preventing full scale violence is in fact the West Papuans commitment to nonviolent struggle and their willingness to maintain discipline in the face of intense provocation. Within Indonesia, the Indonesian government’s desire to preserve its reputation
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as emerging democracy and its growing influence regional economic power also acts as a constraint on further violence.
Sadly, commitments to dialogue and nonviolence has been unilateral. The Indonesian government has continually rebuffed all Papuan-led initiatives for talks. Rev. Dr Benny Giay likens the situation to boiling a stone that will never cook (MacLeod 2015a). The international community is under an obligation to take into consideration these ‘early warning signs’ when considering their responsibility to protect West Papuans.
The part of the international community in the best position to act is the Melanesian Spearhead Group and the Pacific Island Forum. The ULMWP must be supported by Pacific leaders as a remedy to the Indonesian government’s failure to protect West Papuans. Full membership of the MSG and intervention by Pacific Island states can be framed in ways that do not threaten Indonesian sovereignty. Instead, full membership can be granted to equalise the power relationship between the ULMWP and the Indonesian state. As a remedy full membership can help create the conditions for political negotiations. West Papuans are not arguing for military intervention, they are simply asking for support so they can speak for themselves. Intervention by the PIF and full membership for the ULMWP would turn those important fora into a permanent international forums for dialogue. In context of the the ‘early warning signs’ listed above, the PIF and MSG need to discuss what signal they want to send to the Indonesian state and West Papuans.
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ReferencesAmnesty Australia 2015, ‘Indonesia: Paniai shootings – make investigation findings public and bring perpetrators to justice’, 12 January, Accessed on 24 August 2016, Available at http://www.amnesty.org.au/news/comments/36323/.
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Melanesian Spearhead Group, 2013, 19th MSG Leaders’ Summit Communique 20 June 2013, http://www.pacificpolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Leaders-Communique-Retreat-Final-2.pdf, accessed 22 July 2016.
Radio New Zealand, 2015, ‘Papuan church leaders want inquiry into Paniai deaths,’ 18 March, RNZ, Accessed on 24 August 2016, Available at http://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/268926/papuan-church-leaders-want-inquiry-into-paniai-deaths.
Tabloid Jubi, 2 June 2016, ‘Aksi Demo Bara NKRI Satu Perempuan Jadi Korban Pemukulan’, Tabloid Jubi, http://tabloidjubi.com/2016/06/02/aksi-demo-bara-nkri-satu-perempuan-jadi-korban-pemukulan/, accessed 24 July 2016.
Tabloid Jubi, 2 June 2016, ‘Demo Bara NKRI Pasar dan Swalayan Sempat Tutup’, Tabloid Jubi, http://tabloidjubi.com/2016/06/02/demo-bara-nkri-pasar-dan-swalayan-sempat-tutup/, accessed 24 July 2016.
Tabloid Jubi, 2 June 2016, ‘Massa Pro-NKRI Desak Pembubaran Organisasi Pro Merdeka’, Tabloid Jubi, http://tabloidjubi.com/2016/06/02/massa-pro-nkri-desak-pembubaran-organisasi-pro-merdeka/, accessed 24 July 2016.
Tim Khusus, 2014, ‘MSG Foreign Minister Visit to West Papua’, unpublished briefing paper.
Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization 2015, ‘West Papua: Lack of Basic Protection from Indonesian Security Forces’, 13 January, Accessed on 24 August 2016, Available at http://unpo.org/article/17850.
Wenda, Benny (2016) ‘Indonesia must leave West Papua’, https://www.bennywenda.org/2016/indonesia-must-leave-west-papua/, accessed 27 July 2016.
By Dr Jason MacLeod, Rosa Moiwend and Jasmine Pilbrow
HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS COMMITTED BY THE INDONESIAN
SECURITY FORCES IN WEST PAPUA (PAPUA AND PAPUA BARAT PROVINCES) BETWEEN JANUARY 2014 AND JULY 2016
Papuan political prisioner from the West Papua National Authority in jail for organizing a nonviolent demonstration, Serui.
Photo: WPM collection.
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
37
Sources of Data• Elsham, the Institute for the Study and Advocacy of Human Rights in West Papua – primary
source http://www.elshampapua.org/
• Kontras, the Commission for the Disappeared, http://kontras.org
• JPIC, the Office for Justice and Peace and the Integrity of Creation of the GKI Church of Tanah Papua – primary source
• Office for Justice and Peace and the Integrity of Creation of the Kingmi Church, – primary source
• SKP, Sekretariat Keadilan dan Perdamaian, the Office for Justice and Peace, Jayapura Papua – primary source
• West Papuan Coalition for Human Rights (inside WP) – primary source
• Lembaga Bantuan Hukum, Legal Aid Institute, Jakarta http://bantuanhukum.or.id/
• Legal Aid Institute (LP3BH Manokwari)
• Tabloid Jubi, http://tabloidjubi.com/
• Suara Papua, http://suarapapua.com/
• Jakarta Post, http://www.thejakartapost.com/
• International Coalition for West Papua, http://humanrightspapua.org/
• United Nations, http://www.ohchr.org/en/hrbodies/hrc/pages/aboutcouncil.aspx
• Franciscans International http://www.franciscansinternational.org/home/
• Tapol, http://www.tapol.org/
• ETAN (East Timor Action Network), http://www.etan.org/
• Human Rights Watch, https://www.hrw.org/asia/indonesia
• Australia West Papua Association, http://awpasydneynews.blogspot.com.au/
• Free West Papua Campaign, https://www.freewestpapua.org/
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
38
Glossary• BRIMOB - Mobile Brigade
• D88 - Detachment 88
• GIDI – Gereja Injili di Indonesia / national church in Papua
• TPN/OPM - Organisasi Papua Merdeka/Free Papua Movement
• TNPB – National Army of West Papua
• ULMWP – United Liberation Movement for West Papua
• MSG – Melanesian Spearhead Group
By Dr Jason MacLeod, Rosa Moiwend and Jasmine Pilbrow
APPENDIX 1 : HUMAN RIGHTS MATRIX
Asmat Dancer. Photo: Pasifika collection.
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
40
Append
ix 1: H
uman Rights v
iolatio
ns com
mitted by the Indo
nesian se
curity forces in W
est P
apua
(Papua and
Papua Barat Provinces) b
etween Janu
ary 2014 and
July 2016
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
2014.01.26
Dond
obag
a ch
urch
, Kur
ilik,
Pu
ncak
Jaya
Ku
lirik
, Dol
ugow
a,
Yam
bidu
gun,
Ka
lom
e, Y
alin
ggua
an
d Ta
lilom
e
Br
imob
and
D88
Se
curit
y fo
rces
Yeni
te M
orib
, 18
year
s old
, un
empl
oyed
Ti
ragu
d En
umby
, 19
year
s ol
d, u
nem
ploy
ed
Yuki
ler E
num
bi,
Okt
avia
nus T
abun
i, 15
ye
ars o
ld, f
rom
Piri
me
Tiga
bur T
abun
i, 15
yea
rs
old
Ca
ban
Tabu
ni, 2
9 ye
ars o
ld
A ra
id to
ok p
lace
at D
ondo
baga
ch
urch
, Kur
ilik
whe
re Y
enite
and
Ti
ragu
d w
ere.
The
pol
ice
susp
ecte
d th
at th
ey w
ere
mem
bers
of
TPN
/OPM
. The
y w
ere
seve
rely
to
rtur
ed o
n ar
rest
and
den
ied
food
in
polic
e de
tent
ion
for a
t lea
st tw
o da
ys. P
asto
r Pam
it W
onda
and
co
ngre
gatio
n m
embe
r Lur
ugw
i Mor
ib
wer
e ba
yone
ted
by se
curit
y fo
rces
. A
GID
I chu
rch
was
bur
ned
to th
e gr
ound
and
Yuk
iler w
as sh
ot a
nd
kille
d du
ring
the
swee
p as
he
trie
d to
es
cape
. The
thre
e Ta
buni
men
wer
e ar
rest
ed a
nd to
rtur
ed b
y se
curit
y fo
rces
at P
unca
k Ja
ya d
istric
t pol
ice.
Th
ey w
ere
take
n fr
om th
e po
lice
stat
ion
to a
n un
know
n lo
catio
n.
Tiga
bur T
uban
i was
shot
and
kill
ed.
Okt
avia
nus w
as sh
ot in
the
left
kne
e an
d in
the
low
er a
bdom
en in
ord
er to
fo
rce
him
to c
onfe
ss to
thef
t of
firea
rms.
Cab
an w
as sh
ot in
bot
h kn
ees a
nd c
hest
. Cab
an d
ied
on 2
9th
July
201
4 as
a re
sult
of h
is in
jurie
s.
Viol
ence
bro
ke o
ut b
etw
een
secu
rity
forc
es a
nd a
rmed
m
embe
rs o
f the
TPN
/OPM
in
Punc
ak Ja
ya in
Janu
ary.
N
ote:
Okt
ovia
nus T
abun
i is n
ot
able
to re
turn
hom
e to
Piri
me
and
is be
lieve
to b
e hi
ding
in
Papu
a N
ew G
uine
a. T
he la
test
in
form
atio
n re
ceiv
ed st
ates
th
at h
e ha
s not
yet
rece
ived
th
e m
edic
al tr
eatm
ent h
e ne
eds.
Papu
ans B
ehin
d Ba
rs
2014
, Pap
uans
Beh
ind
Bars
: Jan
uary
, 20
14Ac
cess
ed o
n 10
th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.p
apua
nsbe
hind
bars
.org
/?p=
2546
IC
P 20
15, H
uman
Rig
hts
Papu
a 20
15, V
iew
ed 1
1th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f AJ
AR, E
LSHA
M &
TAP
OL
n.d.
, The
Pra
ctic
e of
To
rtur
e: B
usin
ess A
s Usu
al
in P
apua
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 13
th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.ta
pol.o
rg/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
/site
s/de
fau
lt/fil
es/p
dfs/
Tort
ure%
20re
port
%20
Engl
ish.p
df
2014.02.01
Sasa
wa
villa
ge,
Yape
n Is
land
Join
t mili
tary
and
po
lice
raid
Je
mi Y
erm
ias K
apan
ai
Sept
inus
Won
awoa
i Ru
di O
tis B
aran
gkea
Ko
rnel
ius W
onia
na
Pene
as R
eri
Salm
on W
inde
si O
beth
Kay
oi
17 p
eopl
e, in
clud
ing
child
ren,
wer
e ar
rest
ed d
urin
g a
larg
e-‐sc
ale
join
t po
lice-‐
mili
tary
raid
. The
pol
ice
and
mili
tary
offi
cers
tort
ured
the
seve
n m
en. S
ecur
ity fo
rces
cha
ined
the
men
toge
ther
and
forc
ed th
em to
cr
awl o
n th
e gr
ound
. The
y w
ere
kick
ed, h
it w
ith p
istol
s, e
lect
rocu
ted,
an
d be
aten
.
AJ
AR, E
LSHA
M &
TAP
OL
n.d.
, The
Pra
ctic
e of
To
rtur
e: B
usin
ess A
s Usu
al
in P
apua
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 13
th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.ta
pol.o
rg/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
/site
s/de
fau
lt/fil
es/p
dfs/
Tort
ure%
20re
port
%20
Engl
ish.p
df
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
41
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
Papu
ans B
ehin
d Ba
rs
2014
, Sas
awa
mili
tary
raid
ar
rest
s. A
cces
sed
on 1
5th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://w
ww
.pap
uans
behi
ndba
rs.o
rg/?
case
=sas
awa-‐
mili
tary
-‐rai
d-‐ar
rest
s 2014.03.01/02
/28
At 3
:15p
m,
Kont
iuna
i VIla
lge,
Ya
pan
Isla
nd
Fi
ve B
rimob
pe
rson
nel
Agus
Won
dow
oy-‐N
uba,
22
year
s old
Fi
ve B
rimob
offi
cers
tort
ured
Agu
s in
his h
ome.
The
pol
ice
offic
ers d
ragg
ed
him
out
to h
is ya
rd w
here
nei
ghbo
urs
wer
e ab
le to
witn
ess t
he v
iole
nce.
Th
e Br
imob
per
sonn
el p
unch
ed h
im,
kick
ed h
im in
the
face
and
stom
ped
on h
is ba
ck a
nd h
ead.
54
neig
hbou
ring
fam
ilies
fled
to th
e ju
ngle
for f
ear o
f bec
omin
g th
e ne
xt
vict
ims.
Agu
s was
arr
este
d an
d ta
ken
to Y
apen
pol
ice
dete
ntio
n.
IC
P 20
15, H
uman
Rig
hts
Papu
a 20
15, V
iew
ed 1
1th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f Pa
puan
s Beh
ind
Bars
20
14,
Febr
uary
201
4,
Acce
ssed
on
15th Ju
ly
2016
, p. 6
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/act
now
png.
org/
site
s/de
faul
t/fil
es/P
apua
ns%
20B
ehin
d%20
Bars
%20
Febr
uary
%20
2014
2014.03.20
Seni
or H
igh
Scho
ol
com
plex
Yap
is,
Nab
ire
Br
imob
and
Nab
ire
Dist
rict P
olic
e Si
luw
anus
Nag
apap
a Pa
ulus
Kob
ogau
Si
luw
anus
Nag
apap
a w
as tr
ying
to
stop
vio
lenc
e by
ten
mem
bers
of
Brim
ob. T
he B
rimob
per
sonn
el w
ere
offe
nded
by
this
and
atta
cked
N
agap
apa
by sl
ashi
ng a
nd st
abbi
ng
him
abo
ut th
e he
ad a
nd b
ack.
N
agap
apa
fled
to a
frie
nd’s
hou
se,
Paul
us K
obog
au. P
aulu
s trie
d to
pr
even
t the
pol
ice
from
get
ting
into
hi
s hou
se b
y st
andi
ng in
the
fron
t do
or. T
he B
rimob
per
sonn
el th
en
atta
cked
Pau
lus s
tabb
ing
him
five
tim
es in
the
back
and
slas
hing
him
ab
out t
he h
ead
with
a k
nife
. The
y ki
cked
him
, pel
ted
him
with
ston
es
and
stru
ck h
im w
ith a
woo
den
stic
k as
wel
l as r
ifles
. Silu
wan
us a
nd P
aulu
s w
ere
late
r arr
este
d an
d de
tain
ed a
t th
e N
abire
Dist
rict P
olic
e St
atio
n.
Afte
r tw
o ho
urs P
aulu
s was
take
n to
Si
riwin
i Nab
ire H
ospt
ial b
ecau
se h
e ha
d lo
st a
gre
at d
eal o
f blo
od a
nd
As
ian
Hum
an R
ight
s Co
mm
issio
n 20
14,
Indo
nesia
: Tw
o Pa
puan
s as
saul
ted
for p
reve
ntin
g po
lice
brut
ality
, Acc
esse
d on
16th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.h
uman
right
s.as
ia/n
ews/
urge
nt-‐
appe
als/
AHRC
-‐UAC
-‐064
-‐20
14
Papu
ans B
ehin
d Ba
rs
2014
, Apr
il 20
14: T
ortu
re
of d
etai
nees
rem
ains
rife
in
Pap
ua, A
cces
sed
16th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://w
ww
.pap
uans
behi
ndba
rs.o
rg/?
p=28
95
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
42
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
fain
ted.
SIlu
wan
us w
as ta
ken
to th
e sa
me
hosp
ital t
he n
ext d
ay, a
fter
he
colla
psed
. A w
eek
late
r the
two
men
w
ere
rele
ased
. 2014.03.22
At 7
pm, K
onti
villa
ge, Y
apen
Brim
ob
Ms A
natje
Aur
ai, 6
8 ye
ars
old,
Kon
ti Vi
llage
. At
7pm
on
the
22 M
arch
201
4 m
embe
rs o
f Brim
ob sw
ept i
nto
Kont
i vi
llage
. Brim
ob u
nit w
as lo
okin
g fo
r TN
PB m
embe
r Zai
ne S
iner
i but
he
was
not
at h
ome.
His
mot
her w
as
hom
e. P
olic
e dr
agge
d M
s Ana
tje
Aura
i fro
m h
er h
ouse
and
in
terr
ogat
ed h
er. A
n of
ficer
hit
her i
n th
e he
ad w
ith th
e m
uzzle
of h
is rif
le,
inst
antly
kill
ing
her.
Brim
ob u
nit c
ondu
cted
sw
eepi
ng o
pera
tions
in th
e ho
mes
of r
esid
ents
in K
onti
villa
ge se
ekin
g al
lege
d m
embe
r of T
NPB
, Zai
ne S
iner
i.
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s Pa
pua
2015
, Vie
wed
11th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/im
ages
/doc
s/Hu
man
Rig
htsP
apua
2015
-‐ICP.
Kont
raS
2014
, The
St
agna
tion
of H
uman
Ri
ghts
Situ
atio
n in
Pap
ua:
The
ongo
ing
Hum
an
Righ
ts V
iola
tions
in P
apua
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 15
th Ju
ly
2016
, p 2
, ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/kon
tras
.org
/dat
a/T
he%
20St
agna
tion%
20of
%20
Hum
an%
20Ri
ghts
%20
Situ
atio
n%20
in%
20Pa
pua.
2014.04.01
Sasa
wa
villa
ge,
Yape
n Is
land
Yape
n Po
lice
& S
erui
M
ilita
ry C
omm
and
1709
Jem
i Yer
mia
s Kap
anal
Se
ptin
us W
onaw
oal
Rudi
Otis
Bar
angk
ea
Korn
eliu
s Won
lana
Pe
neas
Rer
l Sa
lmon
Win
desi
Obe
th K
ayol
Jo
shua
Aru
mpa
yai
Join
t sec
urity
forc
es a
ttem
pted
to
disp
erse
a g
athe
ring
of th
e ar
med
re
sista
nce
mov
emen
t. 17
men
, w
omen
and
chi
ldre
n w
ere
arre
sted
. Th
e se
ven
nam
es in
the
colu
mn
to
the
left
are
the
nam
es o
f tho
se
tort
ured
. The
y w
ere
chai
ned
toge
ther
and
forc
ed to
cra
wl,
beat
en
with
pist
ols,
kic
ked,
stom
ped
on a
nd
elec
troc
uted
. Tw
o ci
vilia
ns w
ere
shot
. One
, Jos
hua
Arum
paya
i, w
as
kille
d. H
undr
eds o
f res
iden
ts w
ere
disp
lace
d fr
om S
asaw
a, K
imin
awa,
Ka
wan
da, W
arta
nen,
Tin
dare
k,
Saub
eba
and
Yobi
vill
ages
.
IC
P 20
15, H
uman
Rig
hts
Papu
a 20
15, V
iew
ed 1
1th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f Ta
pol 2
015,
Tor
ture
Re
port
Eng
lish,
Acc
esse
d on
16th
July
201
6, p
21,
Av
aila
ble
at:
http
://w
ww
.tapo
l.org
/site
s/de
faul
t/fil
es/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
s/To
rtur
e%20
repo
rt%
20En
glish
2014.04.02
Cend
eraw
asih
U
nive
rsity
, Ja
yapu
ra
Chie
f of J
ayap
ura
Alfr
ed P
apar
e
Al
fare
s Kap
isa 2
4 ye
ars o
ld,
Med
ical
Stu
dent
at
Cend
eraw
asih
Uni
vers
ity
Yali
Wen
da 2
1 ye
ars o
ld,
Soci
al a
nd p
oliti
cal s
cien
ces
The
Jaya
pura
City
Pol
ice
arre
sted
two
stud
ents
, Alfa
res K
apisa
and
Yal
i W
enda
at a
pea
cefu
l dem
onst
ratio
n.
They
wer
e de
tain
ed a
t Jay
apur
a Po
lice
Stat
ion
for o
ver 2
4hou
rs. T
he
two
men
wer
e to
rtur
ed in
the
polic
e
This
nonv
iole
nt
dem
onst
ratio
n w
as ta
king
pl
ace
to c
all f
or th
e re
leas
e of
W
est P
apua
n po
litic
al
priso
ners
.
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s Pa
pua
2015
, Vie
wed
5th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
43
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
stud
ent a
t Cen
dera
was
ih
Uni
vers
ity.
van
and
at th
e po
lice
stat
ion.
For
ar
ound
1.5
hou
rs th
ey w
ere
held
in
the
polic
e tr
uck
whi
le b
eing
be
aten
wit
h ri
fle b
utts
, kic
ked
wit
h ja
ckbo
ots,
bea
ten
wit
h ra
ttan
st
icks
and
pun
ched
. Dur
ing
the
jour
ney
they
wer
e fo
rced
to li
e fa
ce d
own
in th
e tr
uck
whi
le p
olic
e pu
t the
ir r
iot s
hiel
ds o
n to
p of
the
two
men
and
tram
pled
on
them
. Af
ter
this
the
polic
e ad
min
iste
red
elec
tric
sho
cks
to th
e tw
o m
en
usin
g el
ectr
ic s
tun
bato
ns, u
ntil
thei
r ar
riva
l at t
he p
olic
e st
atio
n.
Law
yers
mad
e th
ree
atte
mpt
s to
get
acce
ss to
thes
e tw
o st
uden
ts, b
ut
each
tim
e ac
cess
was
den
ied
by
Alfr
ed P
apar
e, C
hief
of P
olic
e. A
lfare
s an
d Ya
li w
ere
forc
ed to
sign
a
docu
men
t say
ing
they
wer
e tr
eate
d w
ell.
The
polic
e fo
rbad
e th
eir d
octo
rs
repo
rts t
o be
rele
ased
.
2 pe
ople
arr
este
d –
Alfa
res
Kapi
sa a
nd Y
ali W
enda
(Pag
e 15
) Ta
pol 2
014,
Urg
ent
Appe
al: 2
Pap
uans
ar
rest
ed &
tort
ured
for
calli
ng fo
r rel
ease
of
polit
ical
pris
oner
s, V
iew
ed
5th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.ta
pol.o
rg/b
riefin
gs/u
rgen
t-‐ap
peal
-‐2-‐
papu
ans-‐
arre
sted
-‐to
rtur
ed-‐c
allin
g-‐re
leas
e-‐po
litic
al-‐p
rison
ers
New
Mat
ilda
2014
, ‘Th
e In
done
sian
Syst
em Is
Use
d To
Des
troy
Pap
uans
’,
New
Mat
ilda,
[Onl
ine]
, Vi
ewed
5th Ju
ly 2
016,
Av
aila
ble
at:
http
s://
new
mat
ilda.
com
/201
4/04
/10/
indo
nesia
n-‐sy
stem
-‐use
d-‐de
stro
y-‐pa
puan
s/
ETAN
201
4, ‘U
rgen
t Ap
peal
: 2 P
apua
ns
arre
sted
& to
rtur
ed fo
r ca
lling
for r
elea
se o
f po
litic
al p
rison
ers,
’ Ac
cess
ed o
n 10
th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/eta
n.or
g/ne
ws/
201
4/04
laru
e.ht
m
AJAR
, ELS
HAM
& T
APO
L n.
d., T
he P
ract
ice
of
Tort
ure:
Bus
ines
s As U
sual
in
Pap
ua ,
Acce
ssed
on
13th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.ta
pol.o
rg/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
/site
s/de
fau
lt/fil
es/p
dfs/
Tort
ure%
20re
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
44
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
port
%20
Engl
ish.p
df
2014.05.06
Polic
e Br
igad
e He
adqu
arte
rs
Epei
da v
illag
e
Po
lice
from
the
Epei
da h
eadq
uart
ers
Yuliu
s Ano
uw, 2
7 ye
ars o
ld
Gay
us A
uwe,
32
year
s old
An
ton
Edo
way
, 28
year
s ol
d pl
us tw
o ot
hers
.
A cr
owd
of re
lativ
es a
nd tr
ibes
men
of
the
vict
ims g
athe
red
in fr
ont o
f the
he
adqu
arte
rs, d
eman
ding
to sp
eak
with
the
driv
er in
volv
ed w
ith a
hit
and
run
inci
dent
that
kill
ed Jh
on
Anou
w a
nd Y
unse
n Ke
gako
to. A
fter
be
ing
turn
ed a
way
by
polic
e th
e gr
oup
bega
n to
thro
w st
ones
at t
he
build
ing.
In re
spon
se th
e po
lice
open
ed fi
red
on th
e cr
owd
with
live
am
mun
ition
, sho
otin
g th
ree
peop
le.
Thes
e th
ree
men
who
wer
e sh
ot
wer
e no
t inv
olve
d in
the
viol
ence
but
w
ere
tryi
ng to
cal
m th
e cr
owd
dow
n.
Jhon
Ano
uw, 1
8 ye
ars o
ld, a
nd
Yuns
en K
egak
oto,
25
year
s old
w
ere
stru
ck b
y a
truc
k an
d ki
lled
in E
peid
a Vi
llage
at 6
am
on th
e 6th
May
201
4.
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s Pa
pua
2015
, Vie
wed
11th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/im
ages
/doc
s/Hu
man
Rig
htsP
apua
2015
-‐ICP.
IPAH
R 20
14, W
est P
apua
-‐ Bl
ody
Moa
nem
ani
inci
dent
: Tee
nage
rs a
re
run-‐
over
and
kill
ed,,
then
In
done
sia P
olic
e m
achi
ne
gun
thre
e re
lativ
es, 7
th
May
201
4, A
cces
sed
on
16th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tps:
//ip
ahr.f
iles.
wor
dpr
ess.
com
/201
4/05
/blo
ody_
moa
nem
ani_
inci
dent
_wes
t_pa
pua1
2014.06.10
Yape
n Is
land
Polic
e fr
om Y
apen
he
adqu
arte
rs
Rudi
Ora
rie, 4
0 ye
ars o
ld
On
the
10th Ju
ne 2
014
polic
emen
fr
om Y
apen
hea
dqua
rter
s sho
t and
ki
lled
Rudi
Ora
rie. H
e w
as a
mem
ber
of a
n ar
med
sepa
ratis
t gro
up b
ut h
e w
as u
narm
ed a
t the
tim
e of
the
shoo
ting
and
offe
red
no re
sista
nce.
Th
e au
tops
y re
veal
ed th
at M
r Ora
rie
was
shot
five
tim
es a
nd th
at th
ere
wer
e th
ree
wou
nds c
ause
d by
shar
p im
plem
ents
, sug
gest
ing
that
he
was
to
rtur
ed b
y po
lice
prio
r to
his
exec
utio
n.
At 4
:15p
m p
olic
e bu
rned
dow
n th
e ho
use
of M
r Ora
rie’s
fa
ther
in la
w, O
bet W
orem
bai,
in K
ainu
i Vill
age.
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s W
est P
apua
201
5, V
iew
ed
11th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/im
ages
/doc
s/Hu
man
Rig
htsP
apua
2015
-‐ICP.
Cend
eraw
asih
Pos
201
4,
Tim
Gab
unga
n Te
mba
k M
ati P
impi
nan
KKB
di
Yape
n, Ju
ne 1
1, A
cces
sed
16th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.c
ende
raw
asih
pos.
com
/inde
x.ph
p?m
ib=
berit
a.de
tail&
id=6
771
2014.07.02
Cent
ral Y
otef
a M
arke
t, Ab
epur
a,
Jaya
pura
Ja
yapu
ra p
olic
e Ab
is Ka
bak,
20
year
s old
M
eki P
ahab
ol, 1
4 ye
ars o
ld,
Sabu
sek
Kaba
k, 2
4 ye
ars
old,
Yen
ias W
anim
bo, 2
0
At 3
pm p
olic
e op
en fi
red
on a
pub
lic
bus i
n Yo
tefa
Mar
ket.
Abis
was
dr
agge
d fr
om th
e bu
s and
bea
ten
by
polic
e. T
he p
olic
e pu
shed
Abi
s int
o a
On
the
2nd Ju
ly 2
014
polic
e of
ficer
Asr
iadi
was
kill
ed a
nd
polic
e of
ficer
Sam
sul H
uda
was
he
avily
inju
red
whe
n tr
ying
to
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s Pa
pua
2015
, Vie
wed
5th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
45
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
year
s old
, Dem
y Ke
pno,
28
year
s old
. cr
owd
of m
igra
nts,
who
star
ted
to
beat
Abi
s with
thei
r bar
e ha
nds,
ha
mm
ers,
woo
den
stic
ks a
nd sh
arp
wea
pons
unt
il he
lost
con
scio
usne
ss.
Mek
i trie
d to
esc
ape
but w
as c
augh
t an
d be
aten
by
the
crow
n w
ith c
lubs
an
d a
ham
mer
unt
il he
also
lost
co
nsci
ousn
ess.
The
two
boys
wer
e ad
mitt
ed to
Bay
angk
ara
polic
e ho
spita
l, w
here
they
wer
e to
rtur
ed
by p
olic
e. A
bis w
as b
eate
n in
the
head
with
an
iron
drip
stan
d an
d w
as
kick
ed w
ith h
eavy
boo
ts in
the
back
of
the
head
. He
was
hel
d in
cus
tody
un
til 1
1th Ju
ly 2
014.
Mek
i was
re
leas
ed o
n th
e 7th
July
201
4.
brea
k up
a d
ice
gam
e in
Ce
ntra
l Yot
efa
Mar
ket,
Abep
ura.
His
deat
h re
sulte
d in
a
swee
ping
ope
ratio
n in
se
vera
l nei
ghbo
urho
ods
inha
bite
d by
indi
geno
us
Papu
ans f
rom
the
cent
ral
high
land
s. S
abus
ek K
abak
, Ye
nias
Wan
imbo
and
Dem
y Ke
pno
wer
e ki
lled
by u
nkno
wn
perp
etra
tors
.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f AJ
AR, E
LSHA
M &
TAP
OL
n.d.
, The
Pra
ctic
e of
To
rtur
e: B
usin
ess A
s Usu
al
in P
apua
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 13
th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.ta
pol.o
rg/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
/site
s/de
fau
lt/fil
es/p
dfs/
Tort
ure%
20re
port
%20
Engl
ish.p
df
2014.07.03
Kilo
9 (K
oya)
(Ja
yapu
ra)
Lo
cal p
olic
e of
ficer
s U
rban
us P
ahab
ol, 3
5 ye
ars
old
and
Asm
an P
ahab
ol, 1
7 ye
ars o
ld
On
the
3rd o
f Jul
y 20
14 1
1 po
lice
offic
ers a
bduc
ted
Urb
anus
and
As
man
from
Kilo
9 (K
oya)
. The
y w
ere
told
they
wou
ld b
e ex
ecut
ed. T
hey
wer
e be
aten
whi
lst b
eing
que
stio
ned
abou
t a fi
rear
m th
at d
isapp
eare
d th
e pr
evio
us d
ay. A
sman
was
hit
on th
e w
rist a
nd e
lbow
. Urb
anus
was
to
rtur
ed w
ith a
kni
fe, h
it on
the
leg,
le
ft e
ye a
nd b
ack
with
a w
oode
n cl
ub, k
icke
d w
ith h
eavy
boo
ts a
nd
stru
ck o
n th
e he
ad w
ith a
ham
mer
. U
rban
us w
as fo
rced
to st
ay in
a c
old
cell
for 5
hou
rs. H
e w
as h
ospi
talis
ed
at B
haya
ngka
ra p
olic
e ho
spita
l.
At 3
pm th
ey w
ere
both
take
n to
Ja
yapu
ra D
istric
t Pol
ice
Head
quar
ters
. The
y w
ere
whi
pped
w
ith e
lect
ricity
cab
les o
n th
e w
ay
ther
e. T
hey
wer
e bo
th re
leas
ed o
n th
e 7th
July
201
4.
In re
spon
se to
the
2nd Ju
ly
2014
. See
not
e di
rect
ly a
bove
. Th
is ca
se w
as fo
rwar
ded
to th
e Ja
kart
a O
mbu
dsm
an, t
he
Papu
an O
mbu
dsm
an,
KOM
NAS
HAM
, Pro
Pam
, KO
MPO
LNAS
and
PO
LRI f
or
inve
stig
atio
n.
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s Pa
pua
2015
, Vie
wed
5th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f AJ
AR, E
LSHA
M &
TAP
OL
n.d.
, The
Pra
ctic
e of
To
rtur
e: B
usin
ess A
s Usu
al
in P
apua
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 13
th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.ta
pol.o
rg/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
/site
s/de
fau
lt/fil
es/p
dfs/
Tort
ure%
20re
port
%20
Engl
ish.p
df
2014.07.9/12
Wam
ena
Alex
Sia
ntur
i, Ye
skel
F.
M. a
nd o
ther
s.
Jaya
wija
ya R
egio
nal
Polic
e an
d lo
cal
mili
tary
per
sonn
el.
18 p
eopl
e w
ere
arre
sted
af
ter a
join
t mili
tary
and
po
lice
task
forc
e ra
ided
W
ara
villa
ge in
Pisu
gi
dist
rict,
Jaya
wija
ya. T
he
follo
win
g fiv
e m
en w
ere
deta
ined
: Yos
ep S
iep,
18 p
eopl
e w
ere
arre
sted
in W
amen
a fo
r the
ir in
volv
emen
t in
dist
ribut
ing
flyer
s cal
ling
for a
n el
ectio
n bo
ycot
t. Th
ey w
ere
chai
ned
toge
ther
with
ro
pe a
nd d
ragg
ed a
long
a d
itch.
The
ir ne
cks a
nd h
ands
wer
e tie
d w
ith
nylo
n tw
ine.
The
y w
ere
repo
rted
ly
Papu
an a
ctiv
ists c
alle
d fo
r an
elec
tion
boyc
ott o
f the
In
done
sian
pres
iden
tial
elec
tions
.
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s Pa
pua
2015
, Vie
wed
5th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f (P
age
16)
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
46
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
Jhon
i Mar
ian,
Mar
then
M
aria
n, Y
ali W
alilo
, and
Ib
rahi
m M
aria
n
beat
en w
ith ri
fle b
utts
, res
ultin
g in
on
e of
the
18 fa
intin
g an
d an
othe
r lo
sing
hear
ing
in o
ne e
ar.
Villa
gers
wer
e th
reat
ened
that
they
w
ould
be
bayo
nete
d. A
wife
of o
ne o
f th
ese
18 p
eopl
e w
as b
eate
n, a
lso
losin
g he
arin
g in
one
ear
. Yo
sep,
Jhon
i, M
arth
en, Y
ali a
nd
Ibra
him
wer
e ch
arge
d un
der A
rtic
les
187
and
164
of th
e In
done
sian
Crim
inal
Cod
e fo
r alle
gedl
y m
akin
g M
olot
ov b
ombs
, som
ethi
ng th
e fiv
e ha
ve d
enie
d. D
urin
g th
e co
urt
hear
ings
, fou
r of t
he fi
ve te
stifi
ed
that
they
wer
e fo
rced
to c
onfe
ss to
th
e ch
arge
s und
er to
rtur
e. Jh
oni
test
ified
that
dur
ing
his i
nter
roga
tion
he w
as re
peat
edly
bea
ten
and
elec
troc
uted
by
polic
e of
ficer
s and
co
nfes
sed
to th
e ch
arge
s, fe
arin
g th
at th
ey p
olic
e w
ould
kill
him
. M
arth
en st
ated
that
a p
olic
e of
ficer
fo
rced
him
to re
mov
e hi
s clo
thes
and
sla
shed
him
in th
e ar
m w
ith a
m
ache
te. H
e w
as a
lso st
abbe
d an
d be
aten
with
arr
ows.
Ibra
him
stat
ed
that
a p
olic
e of
ficer
, Ale
x Si
antu
ri pu
nche
d hi
m w
ith k
nuck
ledu
ster
gl
oves
on,
resu
lting
in b
roke
n te
eth
and
crus
hed
his f
inge
rs u
nder
cha
ir le
gs. H
e w
as b
eate
n on
the
head
with
ha
mm
ers a
nd w
as to
ld h
e w
ould
be
kille
d if
he d
id n
ot a
dmit
to th
e ch
arge
s aga
inst
him
. Ya
li st
ated
that
Pol
ice
offic
er Y
eske
l F.
M. b
eat h
im w
ith w
oode
n be
ams
and
rifle
but
ts, a
nd th
at p
olic
e of
ficer
s sto
mpe
d on
. Yos
ep w
as
hosp
italis
ed fo
r che
st a
nd e
ar p
ains
en
dure
d as
a re
sult
of b
eing
tort
ured
in
det
entio
n. H
e w
as d
ecla
red
unfit
to
stan
d tr
ial.
Papu
ans B
ehin
d Ba
rs
2014
, ‘El
ectio
n ar
rest
s sig
nal l
ack
of d
emoc
ratic
rig
hts i
n Pa
pua’
, Scoop
NZ,
Vi
ewed
6th Ju
ly 2
016,
Av
aila
ble
at:
http
://w
ww
.sco
op.c
o.nz
/sto
ries/
WO
1408
/S00
154/
elec
tion-‐
arre
sts-‐
signa
l-‐lac
k-‐of
-‐dem
ocra
tic-‐r
ight
s-‐in
-‐pa
pua.
htm
AJ
AR, E
LSHA
M &
TAP
OL
n.d.
, The
Pra
ctic
e of
To
rtur
e: B
usin
ess A
s Usu
al
in P
apua
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 13
th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.ta
pol.o
rg/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
/site
s/de
fau
lt/fil
es/p
dfs/
Tort
ure%
20re
port
%20
Engl
ish.p
df
2014.07.31
Bera
p Vi
llage
Join
t sec
urity
forc
es-‐
Yuliu
s Tar
kuo
Join
t sec
urity
forc
es c
arrie
d ou
t a
IC
P 20
15, H
uman
Rig
hts
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
47
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
30 m
en-‐ i
nclu
ding
D8
8 sw
eepi
ng o
pera
tion
in B
erap
Vill
age.
30
men
in b
lack
clo
thin
g w
ith re
d cl
oth
on th
eir h
eads
and
the
embl
em
of a
n ow
l on
thei
r che
sts,
the
unifo
rm
wor
n by
D88
, rai
ded
the
villa
ge.
Yuliu
s was
ask
ed a
t gun
poin
t to
dire
ct th
e of
ficer
s to
the
OPM
bas
e ca
mp.
He
stat
ed th
at h
e di
d no
t kn
ow it
s loc
atio
n. H
e w
as th
en fo
rced
in
to th
e ju
ngle
and
was
repe
ated
ly
beat
en w
ith m
achi
ne g
uns u
ntil
he
colla
psed
. D88
offi
cers
told
him
that
th
ey w
ould
exe
cute
him
.
Papu
a 20
15, V
iew
ed 1
2th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f
2014.08.07
1pm
, Yot
efa
Mar
ket,
Abep
ura
Robb
y Fi
ngkr
ew,
Abep
ura
Dist
rict
Polic
e
Mig
rant
com
mun
ity
& R
obby
Fin
gkre
w
Dani
el B
olep
a, 2
3 ye
ars o
ld,
stud
ent,
Davi
d Bo
lepa
, 29
year
s old
, em
ploy
ee
At 1
pm o
n th
e 7th
Aug
ust 2
014
a gr
oup
of m
igra
nt re
siden
ts h
eavi
ly
mal
trea
ted
Dani
el a
nd k
illed
his
elde
r br
othe
r Dav
id a
t the
old
Yot
efa
Mar
ket i
n Ab
epur
a. D
anie
l was
st
abbe
d an
d sh
ot b
ut w
as a
ble
to
esca
pe. H
e so
ught
med
ical
car
e at
Bh
ayan
gkar
a Po
lice
Hosp
ital,
but
doct
ors r
efus
ed to
rem
ove
the
bulle
t or
clo
se h
is w
ound
s. H
is br
othe
r, Da
vid,
was
kill
ed in
the
atta
ck a
fter
be
ing
chas
ed a
nd b
eate
n w
ith st
icks
an
d sh
arp
obje
cts.
Offi
cer R
obby
Fi
ngkr
ew w
as in
volv
ed in
the
beat
ings
. It i
s not
cle
ar w
heth
er h
e fir
ed th
e sh
ots,
but
it is
kno
wn
that
he
did
not
inte
rven
e to
pre
vent
the
atta
cks.
IC
P 20
15, H
uman
Rig
hts
Papu
a 20
15, V
iew
ed 1
1th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f W
est P
apua
Med
ia 2
014,
Pa
puan
Man
Kill
ed b
y a
grou
p of
mig
rant
s at p
asar
la
ma
Yote
fa, A
bepu
ra,
Acce
ssed
on
16th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tps:
//w
estp
apua
med
iaal
erts
.file
s.w
ordp
ress
.com
/20
14/1
1/re
port
_pas
ar-‐
lam
a_en
glish
2014.08.10
Wor
amba
in a
nd
Bera
p ju
nctio
n,
Bera
p Vi
llage
21
vill
ager
s, in
clud
ing
a nu
mbe
r of
elde
rly p
eopl
e, w
omen
and
chi
ldre
n,
wer
e ar
bitr
arily
arr
este
d at
the
junc
tion
of B
erap
and
Wor
ambi
n vi
llage
s. A
fter
bei
ng in
terr
ogat
ed
nine
peo
ple
wer
e re
leas
ed w
hile
the
othe
r 12
rem
aine
d in
det
entio
n. A
ll 12
wer
e to
rtur
ed w
hilst
bei
ng
inte
rrog
ated
by
polic
e. T
hey
wer
e fo
rced
to w
ear c
amou
flage
clo
thin
g fo
r a p
hoto
grap
h w
hich
was
sent
to
loca
l med
ia a
s evi
denc
e of
thei
r pa
rtic
ipat
ion
in v
iole
nce.
Non
e of
the
IC
P 20
15, H
uman
Rig
hts
Papu
a 20
15, V
iew
ed 1
2th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
48
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
deta
inee
s wer
e pe
rmitt
ed to
acc
ess
lega
l rep
rese
ntat
ion.
2014.08.26
Nan
a Is
land
(nea
r So
rong
)
M
artin
us Y
oham
e, K
NPB
le
ader
. O
n th
e 26
th A
ugus
t 201
4 th
e bo
dy o
f M
artin
us Y
oham
e w
as d
iscov
ered
in
a gu
nny
sack
clo
se to
Nan
a Is
land
. His
hand
s and
feet
wer
e tie
d an
d th
e bo
dy sh
owed
sign
s of t
ortu
re,
incl
udin
g a
1x1c
m h
ole
in th
e le
ft si
de
of h
is ch
est,
a 2x
cm h
ole
in th
e rig
ht
side
of h
is ab
dom
en a
nd e
vide
nce
of
seve
re b
eatin
g to
the
face
.
Mar
tinus
had
bee
n m
issin
g sin
ce th
e 20
th A
ugus
t 201
4. O
n th
e 19
th A
ugus
t 201
4 he
had
m
ade
a st
atem
ent a
t a p
ress
co
nfer
ence
rega
rdin
g th
e vi
sit
of p
resid
ent S
usilo
Bam
bang
Yu
dhoy
ono
to P
apua
and
m
ade
an a
ppoi
ntm
ent w
ith a
w
oman
cla
imin
g to
be
a m
embe
r of K
OM
NAS
HAM
, the
N
atio
nal C
omm
issio
n fo
r Hu
man
Rig
hts,
the
follo
win
g da
y. K
NPB
is a
pol
itica
l or
gani
satio
n ad
voca
ting
for
inde
pend
ence
thro
ugh
nonv
iole
nt m
eans
.
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s Pa
pua
2015
, Vie
wed
11th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/im
ages
/doc
s/Hu
man
Rig
htsP
apua
2015
-‐ICP.
New
Mat
ilda
2014
, Wes
t Pa
puan
Inde
pend
ence
Le
ader
Fou
nd F
loat
ing
In
Sack
at S
ea, S
epte
mbe
r 1,
Acce
ssed
14th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tps:
//ne
wm
atild
a.co
m/2
014/
09/0
1/w
est-‐
papu
an-‐
inde
pend
ence
-‐lead
er-‐
foun
d-‐flo
atin
g-‐sa
ck-‐s
ea/
2014.09.02
Peru
mna
s Ill,
W
aena
3 un
iden
tifie
d so
ldie
rs fr
om A
be
1701
/Jay
apur
a
subd
istric
t mili
tary
co
mm
and
Rigo
Wen
da
Digi
Wen
da
At 4
pm a
t Per
umna
s III,
thre
e un
iden
tifie
d so
ldie
rs a
ttac
ked
Rigo
an
d Di
gi W
enda
. The
y w
ere
beat
en
and
trie
d to
figh
t bac
k bu
t the
y w
ere
stab
bed
by th
e so
ldie
rs w
ith
bayo
nets
. Rig
o w
as st
abbe
d in
the
thig
h, k
nee,
che
st a
nd st
omac
h. D
igi
was
stab
bed
in th
e le
ft le
g. R
igo
was
ad
mitt
ed to
Dia
n Ha
rapa
n Ho
spita
l.
IC
P 20
15, H
uman
Rig
hts
Papu
a 20
15, V
iew
ed 1
2th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f
2014.09.18
Nab
ire
M
ilita
ry p
erso
nnel
Vi
delis
John
Aga
pa, 3
6 ye
ars o
ld
On
the
18th S
epte
mbe
r 201
4 pl
ain
clot
hed
mili
tary
per
sonn
el in
Nab
ire
shot
Vid
elis
John
Aga
pa.
Two
sold
iers
ope
ned
fire
on A
gapa
an
d hi
s frie
nds f
rom
a d
istan
ce. H
e w
as sh
ot in
the
back
and
die
d im
med
iate
ly.
Agap
a w
as a
pig
farm
er a
nd
one
of h
is pi
gs h
ad b
een
kille
d by
a p
assin
g ca
r. In
the
abse
nce
of re
liabl
e le
gal
mec
hani
sms t
o se
ttle
such
di
sput
es h
e ha
d se
t up
a ro
ad
bloc
k to
stop
pas
sing
mot
orist
s to
ask
for a
com
pens
atio
n to
ll fe
e fo
r the
pig
. Tw
o so
ldie
rs
appr
oach
ed th
e ro
ad b
lock
fo
llow
ing
com
plai
nts f
rom
m
otor
ists.
Veh
icle
s pre
vent
ed
them
from
reac
hing
the
road
bl
ock
by c
ar.
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s Pa
pua
2015
, Vie
wed
11th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/im
ages
/doc
s/Hu
man
Rig
htsP
apua
2015
-‐ICP.
2014.09.18
Jaya
wija
ya
Kuke
s Wan
dikb
o, 1
8 ye
ars
old
On
the
18th S
epte
mbe
r 201
4 po
lice
atte
nded
an
inte
rnal
trib
al c
onfli
ct
IC
P 20
15, H
uman
Rig
hts
Papu
a 20
15, V
iew
ed 1
2th
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
49
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
rega
rdin
g th
e th
eft o
f a m
otor
bike
. Po
lice
open
ed fi
re o
n th
e cr
owd,
sh
ootin
g 18
yea
r old
Kuk
es in
the
left
sh
ould
er. D
octo
rs a
t the
hos
pita
l in
siste
d th
at h
is w
ound
had
bee
n ca
used
by
an a
rrow
, tra
ditio
nal
wea
pons
pos
sess
ed b
y lo
cal t
ribes
. Hu
man
righ
ts d
efen
ders
who
visi
ted
Wan
dikb
o co
nfirm
ed th
at th
e w
ound
w
as c
ause
d by
a b
ulle
t. He
had
bee
n sh
ot b
y a
polic
e of
ficer
at a
dist
ance
of
20m
etre
s aw
ay a
nd c
ould
iden
tify
the
perp
etra
tor.
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f Pa
puan
s Beh
ind
Bars
20
14, S
epte
mbe
r 201
4:
Cultu
re o
f im
puni
ty in
Pa
pua
thre
aten
s hum
an
right
s and
dem
ocra
cy,
Acce
ssed
on
12th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.p
apua
nsbe
hind
bars
.org
/?p=
3044
2014.09.29
Suga
pa
Lo
cal p
olic
e of
ficer
s,
Pani
ai re
genc
y
Sepr
ianu
s Jap
agau
, 23
year
s ol
d, B
enya
mi A
gim
bau,
26
year
s old
At 2
pm 4
0 po
lice
offic
ers a
tten
ded
the
cent
ral s
occe
r pitc
h in
Sug
apa
and
open
ed fi
re o
n ci
vilia
ns.
Sepr
ianu
s was
shot
in th
e le
ft
abdo
men
and
Ben
yam
in w
as b
eate
n in
the
head
with
rifle
but
ts. B
oth
men
w
ere
take
n to
the
loca
l clin
ic in
Su
gapa
for t
reat
men
t, bu
t the
nex
t da
y Se
pria
nus h
ad to
be
evac
uate
d to
Si
riwin
i Puu
blic
Hos
pita
l in
Nab
ire fo
r em
erge
ncy
surg
ery.
The
atta
ck w
as in
reta
liatio
n fo
r the
bea
ting
of a
Brim
ob
offic
er b
y lo
cal r
esid
ents
. The
Br
imob
offi
cer r
efer
red
to th
e Pa
puan
s as ‘
apes
’.
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s Pa
pua
2015
, Vie
wed
13th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/im
ages
/doc
s/Hu
man
Rig
htsP
apua
2015
-‐ICP.
2014.10.10
Jaya
pura
M
artin
us M
anfa
nu
Polic
e
Fend
i Rak
men
i O
n 10
Oct
ober
201
4, F
endi
Rak
men
i of
Top
TV
in Ja
yapu
ra w
as st
abbe
d by
M
artin
us M
anfa
ndu,
a p
olic
e of
ficer
. M
r Rak
men
i was
att
empt
ing
to
repo
rt o
n an
acc
iden
t on
the
Entr
op
High
way
whe
n th
e of
ficer
, who
was
un
der t
he in
fluen
ce o
f alc
ohol
, ob
stru
cted
him
. The
two
men
arg
ued
and
Mr M
anuf
andu
stab
bed
Mr
Rakm
eni.
IC
P 20
15, H
uman
Rig
hts
Papu
a 20
15, V
iew
ed 5
th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f
2014.12.03
Kago
dist
rict,
Mim
ika
Jo
int m
ilita
ry a
nd
polic
e ta
sk fo
rce
Pai M
urib
, Bai
tem
Mur
ib,
Reku
les M
urib
, Pat
ung
Kulu
a, M
uniu
s Tab
uni,
Plito
n M
urib
, Wisi
si M
urib
, El
ison
Mur
ib, Y
omis
Mur
ib,
Keta
miu
s Tel
engg
en, D
aud
Mur
ib, P
engg
eri M
urib
, Ti
pen
Tabu
ni, K
iteni
us
Mur
ib, M
atiu
s Mur
ib,
A jo
int m
ilita
ry a
nd p
olic
e ta
sk fo
rce
cond
ucte
d a
sear
ch o
pera
tion
in
Kago
dist
rict,
burn
ing
dow
n 15
ho
mes
. 24
peop
le w
ere
arre
sted
and
w
ere
ill-‐t
reat
d an
d to
rtur
ed b
y th
e po
lice
and
mili
tary
. One
of t
hose
ar
rest
ed, P
ai M
urib
was
rele
ased
in a
cr
itica
l con
ditio
n fo
llow
ing
heav
y be
atin
gs to
his
stom
ach.
It to
ok h
im
On
the
3rd D
ecem
ber 2
014
two
Brim
ob o
ffice
rs w
ere
shot
in
fron
t of t
he o
ffice
s of t
he
Papu
an L
egisl
ativ
e Co
unci
l in
Kago
dist
rict,
Mim
ika.
TPN
PB
clai
med
resp
onsib
ility
.
Papu
ans B
ehin
d Ba
rs,
Brie
fing
Pape
r: Po
litic
al
arre
sts i
n W
est P
apua
fr
om 2
012-‐
201
4,
Acce
ssed
on
10th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
; ht
tp:/
/ww
w.p
apua
nsbe
hind
bars
.org
/?s=
2014
&su
bm
it=Se
arch
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
50
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
Mal
ukni
Mur
ib, D
elpi
Kul
ua,
Agus
Mag
ai, I
sak
Tabu
ni,
Man
us W
ker,
Yona
r Te
leng
gen,
Don
ar
Tele
ngge
n, a
nd Y
um M
om.
two
days
to b
e ab
le to
spea
k an
d ea
t ag
ain.
2014.12.07
Enar
otal
i dist
rict,
Pani
ai
Tim
Khu
sus 7
53
(att
ache
d to
the
Nab
ire-‐b
ased
Arm
y Ba
ttal
ion
753)
Yu
lianu
s Yei
mo
12/1
3 ye
ars
old
A gr
oup
of y
oung
peo
ple,
incl
udin
g ch
ildre
n, sh
oute
d at
a T
im K
husu
s 75
3 ve
hicl
e to
turn
its h
eadl
ight
s on
as it
pas
sed
the
grou
p. T
he v
ehic
le
soon
retu
rned
with
ano
ther
truc
k fil
led
with
Indo
nesia
n so
ldie
rs, w
ho
chas
ed th
e gr
oup
and
caug
ht a
nd
beat
up
Yeim
o w
ith th
eir r
ifle
butt
s.
The
othe
rs a
ltere
d ad
ults
who
beg
an
thro
win
g st
ones
at t
he m
ilita
ry
pers
onne
l, pr
ompt
ing
them
to fl
ee.
U
nrep
rese
nted
Nat
ions
an
d Pe
ople
s Org
aniza
tion,
W
est P
apua
: Lac
k of
Bas
ic
Prot
ectio
n fr
om
Indo
nesia
n Se
curit
y Fo
rces
, Acc
esse
d on
10th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/unp
o.or
g/ar
ticle
/17
850
Th
e In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for P
apua
201
4, H
RW:
Secu
rity
forc
es k
ill fi
ve in
Pa
pua,
Acc
esse
d on
11th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.h
uman
right
spap
ua.o
rg/n
ews/
16-‐2
014
2014.12.08
Enar
otal
i, Pa
niai
.
Indo
nesia
n Se
curit
y Fo
rces
Fi
ve te
enag
ers,
age
d 16
and
17
yea
rs o
ld, w
ere
kille
d by
In
done
sian
Secu
rity
Forc
es:
Sim
on D
egei
(18
year
s old
), O
tianu
s Gob
ai (1
8 ye
ars
old)
, Alp
ius Y
ouw
(17
year
s ol
d), Y
ulia
n Ye
imo
(17
year
s ol
d) a
nd A
lpui
s Gob
ay.
Mili
tary
and
pol
ice
offic
ers s
hot d
ead
four
, pos
sibly
five
Pap
uan
teen
ager
s.
At le
ast 1
7 ot
hers
suffe
red
inju
ries.
Th
e vi
olen
ce fo
llow
ed a
pea
cefu
l pr
otes
t in
the
form
of a
trad
ition
al
indi
geno
us w
aiti
danc
e. T
he
dem
onst
ratio
n in
volv
ed a
roun
d 80
0 pe
ople
, who
had
gat
here
d ou
tsid
e th
e En
arot
ali d
istric
t pol
ice
stat
ion
and
the
Mili
tary
Com
man
d (K
oman
do R
ayon
Mili
ter,
Kora
mil)
to
dem
and
an e
xpla
natio
n fo
r the
ev
ents
of t
he p
revi
ous n
ight
. The
de
mon
stra
tors
per
form
ed th
eir
trad
ition
al d
ance
, whe
reup
on
mili
tary
and
pol
ice
offic
ers
resp
onde
d by
indi
scrim
inat
ely
shoo
ting
live
amm
uniti
on in
to th
e cr
owd.
The
you
nges
t am
ong
thos
e to
su
ffer i
njur
ies w
as a
n ei
ght-‐
year
old
el
emen
tary
scho
ol st
uden
t who
was
sh
ot in
the
hand
.
The
prot
est t
ook
plac
e as
a
resp
onse
to th
e to
rtur
e an
d ill
-‐tr
eatm
ent e
xper
ienc
ed fr
om
mili
tary
offi
cers
the
prev
ious
da
y (s
ee a
bove
).
ICP
2015
, Hum
an R
ight
s Pa
pua
2015
, Vie
wed
5th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
imag
es/d
ocs/
Hum
anR
ight
sPap
ua20
15-‐IC
P.pd
f Pa
puan
s Beh
ind
Bars
20
14, V
iew
ed 6
th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: s
http
://w
ww
.pap
uans
behi
ndba
rs.o
rg/?
p=33
93
McQ
uire
, A 2
014,
‘Fiv
e Ci
vilia
ns K
illed
By
Indo
nesia
n Se
curit
y Fo
rces
in
Wes
t Pap
ua, N
ew
Mat
ilda,
Vie
wed
6th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tps:
//ne
wm
atild
a.co
m/2
014/
12/1
0/fiv
e-‐ci
vilia
ns-‐
kille
d-‐in
done
sian-‐
secu
rity-‐
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
51
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
forc
es-‐w
est-‐
papu
a/
King
mi r
epor
ts.
2014.12.09
Out
side
Pirim
e Di
stric
t Pol
ice
Stat
ion
(On
way
to
Wam
ena)
Fi
ve B
rimob
offi
cers
Ka
mor
i Mur
ib
Kam
ori M
urib
was
hea
ding
tow
ards
W
amen
a to
han
d ov
er a
pist
ol h
e ha
d fo
und
that
bel
onge
d to
a d
ecea
sed
rela
tive.
Kam
ori c
ame
acro
ss a
pol
ice
road
bloc
k ju
st o
utsid
e th
e Pi
rime
Dist
rict p
olic
e st
atio
n. F
earin
g th
at h
e w
ould
look
susp
icio
us c
arry
ing
a pi
stol
, Kam
ori r
aise
d hi
s han
ds a
nd
told
the
polic
e of
ficer
s he
had
a pi
stol
. The
offi
cers
imm
edia
tely
st
arte
d be
atin
g hi
m a
nd d
ragg
ed h
im
into
the
polic
e st
atio
n. B
rimob
of
ficer
s pro
ceed
ed to
tort
ure
him
for
seve
ral h
ours
. Aft
er sh
avin
g hi
s hai
r of
f with
a b
ayon
et b
lade
, Brim
ob
offic
ers s
lash
ed h
is he
ad a
nd ru
bbed
th
e bl
eedi
ng w
ound
with
chi
lli p
aste
. Sc
aldi
ng w
ater
was
then
spla
shed
on
to th
e w
ound
five
tim
es. H
is th
ighs
w
ere
slash
ed fo
ur ti
mes
with
ba
yone
t bla
des.
The
tip
of h
is le
ft
toe,
and
par
ts o
f bot
h hi
s ear
s wer
e sli
ced
off.
He w
as d
ouse
d w
ith
scal
ding
wat
er re
sulti
ng in
serio
us
burn
inju
ries.
He
was
bea
ten
in th
e ba
ck a
nd ri
bs w
ith ri
fle g
uns.
Ka
mor
i was
then
take
n to
Bh
ayan
gkar
a Ho
spita
l in
Jaya
pura
, w
here
he
stay
ed fo
r tw
o m
onth
s. H
e w
as fo
rced
to st
ay n
aked
for h
is du
ratio
n in
hos
pita
l, an
d hi
s han
ds
wer
e cu
ffed
the
who
le ti
me.
Whi
le in
ho
spita
l he
was
tort
ured
mor
e. H
e w
as fo
rce-‐
fed
fish
bone
s and
chi
cken
bo
nes,
and
was
dou
sed
in sc
aldi
ng
wat
er o
n th
ree
occa
sions
.
Kelp
is fo
und
the
pist
ol in
a
cupb
oard
at a
hon
ai
(tra
ditio
nal h
ut).
AJAR
, ELS
HAM
& T
APO
L n.
d., T
he P
ract
ice
of
Tort
ure:
Bus
ines
s As U
sual
in
Pap
ua ,
Acce
ssed
on
13th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.ta
pol.o
rg/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
/site
s/de
fau
lt/fil
es/p
dfs/
Tort
ure%
20re
port
%20
Engl
ish.p
df
Papu
ans B
ehin
d Ba
rs
2014
, Kam
ori M
urib
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 13
th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.p
apua
nsbe
hind
bars
.org
/?pr
isone
r_pr
ofile
=kam
ori-‐m
urib
2015.02.__
Ke
lpis
Wen
da
Kelp
is at
tem
pted
to fi
nd M
urib
as
polic
e ha
dn’t
info
rmed
Kam
ori’s
fa
mily
of h
is ar
rest
. Kel
pis w
as
arre
sted
in F
ebru
ary.
He
was
dra
gged
al
ong
the
grou
nd a
nd b
eate
n w
ith
See
the
note
abo
ve.
AJAR
, ELS
HAM
& T
APO
L n.
d., T
he P
ract
ice
of
Tort
ure:
Bus
ines
s As U
sual
in
Pap
ua ,
Acce
ssed
on
13th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
52
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
rifle
but
ts o
n hi
s upp
er a
bdom
en. I
n de
tent
ion
seve
n ce
ntrim
etre
nai
ls w
ere
ham
mer
ed in
to h
is le
ft
fore
arm
s with
woo
den
plan
ks u
ntil
they
reac
hed
the
bone
. Kel
pis l
ost
two
teet
h an
d su
ffere
d fa
cial
wou
nds
as a
resu
lt of
bei
ng b
eate
n on
the
face
with
rifle
but
ts. H
is le
ft b
ig to
e w
as b
roke
n an
d he
was
bea
ten
on
the
back
with
a c
hair.
He
was
also
be
aten
with
woo
den
plan
ks. W
enda
w
as th
en ta
ken
to P
apua
n Po
lice
Head
quar
ters
in Ja
yapu
ra fo
r fur
ther
in
terr
ogat
ion.
He
was
rele
ased
but
la
ter r
earr
este
d. K
amor
i and
Kel
pis
are
curr
ently
on
tria
l und
er c
harg
es
of E
mer
genc
y La
w 1
2/19
51 a
nd
rem
ain
in W
amen
a pr
ison.
at:
http
://w
ww
.tapo
l.org
/site
s/de
faul
t/fil
es/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
s/To
rtur
e%20
repo
rt%
20En
glish
Pa
puan
s Beh
ind
Bars
20
14, K
elpi
s Wen
da,
Acce
ssed
on
13th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.p
apua
nsbe
hind
bars
.org
/?pr
isone
r_pr
ofile
=kel
pis-‐
wen
da
2015.03.06
Yahu
kim
o re
genc
y
Susp
ecte
d: S
peci
al
Forc
es C
omm
and
De
ni P
ahab
ol, 1
7 ye
ars o
ld,
high
scho
ol st
uden
t De
ni w
as k
idna
pped
, tor
ture
d an
d m
urde
red.
His
body
was
then
du
mpe
d in
a ri
ver i
n Ya
huki
mo.
Pa
puan
s Beh
ind
Bars
20
15, R
ising
voi
ces;
risin
g ar
rest
s: A
look
at W
est
Papu
a in
201
5, A
cces
sed
on 1
3th Ju
ly 2
016,
Av
aila
ble
at:
http
://w
ww
.tapo
l.org
/site
s/de
faul
t/fil
es/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
s/20
15%
20Ri
sing%
20Vo
ices
%20
Risin
g%20
Arre
sts.
EN_.
Inte
rnat
iona
l Coa
litio
n fo
r Pa
pua
2016
, Ora
l St
atem
ent f
or th
e 31
st
Sess
ion
of th
e U
N H
uman
Ri
ghts
Cou
ncil,
Acc
esse
d on
13th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/fra
ncisc
ansin
tern
ati
onal
.org
/file
adm
in/m
edia
/20
16/A
sia-‐P
acifi
c/31
st-‐
HRC-‐
ID-‐S
Rs-‐F
reed
om-‐
Asse
mbl
y-‐Su
mm
ary-‐
Exec
utio
n-‐jo
int-‐
stat
emen
t-‐Fr
anci
scan
s-‐
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
53
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
Inte
rnat
iona
l.pdf
2015.03.20
Yahu
kim
o po
lice
Ya
huki
mo
polic
e an
d Br
imob
O
bang
ma
Gib
an (3
2) w
as
kille
d an
d In
tel S
eneg
il, 1
6,
was
wou
nded
by
the
shoo
ting.
Mea
nwhi
le th
ree
youn
g m
en, E
lkiu
s Kob
ak,
23, P
utih
Bah
abol
, 28,
and
Er
a Ko
bak,
26,
wer
e ar
rest
ed a
nd d
etai
ned
by
the
polic
e. 2
1 pe
ople
de
tain
ed.
On
the
20th M
arch
peo
ple
wer
e ta
king
par
t in
a do
natio
n dr
ive
colle
ctio
n fu
nds f
or v
ictim
s of t
he
Cycl
one
Pam
in V
anua
tu a
nd in
su
ppor
t of t
he U
LMW
P. 2
1 pe
ople
w
ere
arbi
trar
ily d
etai
ned,
one
per
son
was
fata
lly sh
ot a
nd si
x ot
hers
in
jure
d w
hen
the
Yahu
kim
o po
lice
and
Brim
ob o
ffice
rs in
terv
ened
.
In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for
Papu
a 20
15, O
ral
Stat
emen
t for
the
30th
Sess
ion
of th
e U
N H
uman
Ri
ghts
Cou
ncil,
Acc
esse
d on
14th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/fra
ncisc
ansin
tern
ati
onal
.org
/file
adm
in/m
edia
/As
ia-‐P
acifi
c_20
15/3
0th-‐
HRC-‐
Item
-‐3-‐O
ral-‐
Stat
emen
t-‐ID
-‐with
-‐WG
AD-‐
Arbi
trar
y-‐De
tent
ion-‐
Papu
a.pd
f FW
PC, L
ondo
n.
2015.05.01
Man
okw
ari
Jaya
pura
M
erau
ke
Kaim
ana
Po
lice
and
Brim
ob
264
peop
le a
rres
ted
264
peop
le w
ere
arre
sted
whe
n pr
otes
ting
the
52nd
ann
iver
sary
of t
he
adm
inist
rativ
e tr
ansf
er o
f Pap
ua to
In
done
sia. A
dem
onst
ratio
n le
d by
th
e KN
PB (W
est P
apua
Nat
iona
l Co
mm
ittee
) and
join
ed b
y ot
her
Man
okw
ari-‐b
ased
gro
ups w
as
forc
ibly
disp
erse
d by
Man
okw
ari
polic
e an
d he
avily
arm
ed B
rimob
. 12
6 pe
ople
wer
e de
tain
ed a
nd
beat
en o
n ar
rest
. The
maj
ority
of
thos
e de
tain
ed w
ere
univ
ersit
y st
uden
ts.
The
dem
onst
rato
rs w
ere
also
ex
pres
sing
thei
r sup
port
for t
he
ULM
WP.
Com
mem
orat
ion
of th
e tr
ansf
er o
f Pap
ua to
Indo
nesia
w
hich
took
pla
ce o
n M
ay 1
st
1963
. 30
th A
pril
12 m
embe
rs o
f the
W
est P
apua
Nat
iona
l Co
mm
ittee
(KN
BP) w
ere
deta
ined
for d
istrib
utin
g le
afle
ts a
bout
the
actio
n pl
anne
d fo
r the
1st M
ay.
Inte
rnat
iona
l Coa
litio
n fo
r Pa
pua
2015
, Ora
l St
atem
ent f
or th
e 29
th
Sess
ion
of th
e U
N H
uman
Ri
ghts
Cou
ncil,
Acc
esse
d on
14th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/fra
ncisc
ansin
tern
ati
onal
.org
/file
adm
in/m
edia
/As
ia-‐P
acifi
c_20
15/I
tem
-‐3-‐
Ora
l-‐sta
tem
ent-‐
Gen
eral
-‐De
bate
-‐Fre
edom
-‐of-‐
Expr
essio
n-‐an
d-‐As
sem
bly-‐
in-‐W
est-‐
Papu
a.pd
f Pa
puan
s Beh
ind
Bars
20
15, R
ising
voi
ces;
risin
g ar
rest
s: A
look
at W
est
Papu
a in
201
5, A
cces
sed
on 1
3th Ju
ly 2
016,
Av
aila
ble
at:
http
://w
ww
.tapo
l.org
/site
s/de
faul
t/fil
es/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
s/20
15%
20Ri
sing%
20Vo
ices
%20
Risin
g%20
Arre
sts.
EN_.
2015.05.20/21
Man
okw
ari
Br
imob
, M
anok
war
i 75
peo
ple
arre
sted
De
mon
stra
tors
gat
here
d at
eig
ht in
Inte
rnat
iona
l Coa
litio
n fo
r
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
54
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
polic
e an
d m
ilita
ry
the
mor
ning
to su
ppor
t the
ULM
WP
bid
for M
SG m
embe
rshi
p. T
hey
wer
e hi
nder
ed fr
om c
arry
ing
out t
his
dem
onst
ratio
n by
a jo
int t
ask
forc
e co
mpr
ised
of m
ilita
ry a
nd p
olic
e.
Durin
g th
e ar
rest
s tea
r gas
was
use
d,
peop
le w
ere
beat
en, a
nd p
rote
stor
s w
ere
subj
ecte
d to
raci
st ta
unts
.
Papu
a 20
15, O
ral
Stat
emen
t for
the
29th
Sess
ion
of th
e U
N H
uman
Ri
ghts
Cou
ncil,
Acc
esse
d on
14th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/fra
ncisc
ansin
tern
ati
onal
.org
/file
adm
in/m
edia
/As
ia-‐P
acifi
c_20
15/I
tem
-‐3-‐
Ora
l-‐sta
tem
ent-‐
Gen
eral
-‐De
bate
-‐Fre
edom
-‐of-‐
Expr
essio
n-‐an
d-‐As
sem
bly-‐
in-‐W
est-‐
Papu
a.pd
f Fr
ee W
est P
apua
Ca
mpa
ign
2015
, Loc
al
Papu
an M
edia
, Fre
e W
est
Papu
a Ca
mpa
ign,
21
May
, Vi
ewed
July
16th
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tps:
//w
ww
.face
book
.co
m/f
reew
estp
apua
/pho
tos
/a.3
1069
2780
009.
3224
67.
5361
1440
009/
1015
5626
716
4300
10/?
type
=1&
thea
ter
2015.06.21
Biak
and
Sen
tani
Th
ree
arre
sted
in B
iak
Six
arre
sted
in S
enta
ni.
Wes
t Pap
uans
wer
e de
mon
stra
ting
in
supp
ort o
f Wes
t Pap
ua jo
inin
g th
e M
elan
esia
n Sp
earh
ead
Gro
up.
Fr
ee W
est P
apua
Ca
mpa
ign
2015
, Loc
al
Papu
an M
edia
, Fre
e W
est
Papu
a Ca
mpa
ign,
21
May
, Vi
ewed
July
16th
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tps:
//w
ww
.face
book
.co
m/f
reew
estp
apua
/pho
tos
/a.3
1069
2780
009.
3224
67.
5361
1440
009/
1015
5626
716
4300
10/?
type
=1&
thea
ter
2015.06.25
Dogi
yai
Br
imob
Yo
teni
Aga
pa, 1
9 ye
ars o
ld
Yote
ni w
as sh
ot d
ead
by B
rimob
of
ficer
s aft
er a
n ar
gum
ent b
roke
out
be
twee
n hi
mse
lf an
d th
em.
Pa
puan
s Beh
ind
Bars
20
15, R
ising
voi
ces;
risin
g ar
rest
s: A
look
at W
est
Papu
a in
201
5, A
cces
sed
on 1
3th Ju
ly 2
016,
Av
aila
ble
at:
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
55
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
http
://w
ww
.tapo
l.org
/site
s/de
faul
t/fil
es/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
s/20
15%
20Ri
sing%
20Vo
ices
%20
Risin
g%20
Arre
sts.
EN_.
Inte
rnat
iona
l Coa
litio
n fo
r Pa
pua
2016
, Ora
l St
atem
ent f
or th
e 31
st
Sess
ion
of th
e U
N H
uman
Ri
ghts
Cou
ncil,
Acc
esse
d on
13th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/fra
ncisc
ansin
tern
ati
onal
.org
/file
adm
in/m
edia
/20
16/A
sia-‐P
acifi
c/31
st-‐
HRC-‐
ID-‐S
Rs-‐F
reed
om-‐
Asse
mbl
y-‐Su
mm
ary-‐
Exec
utio
n-‐jo
int-‐
stat
emen
t-‐Fr
anci
scan
s-‐In
tern
atio
nal.p
df
2015.07.17
Tolik
ara
Endi
Wan
imbo
, 15
(kill
ed)
11 o
ther
s wer
e in
jure
d
12 P
apua
ns w
ere
shot
by
secu
rity
pers
onne
l in
Karu
baga
, the
cap
ital o
f To
likar
a re
genc
y, in
th
e ce
ntra
l hig
hlan
d.
The
shoo
tings
wer
e in
re
spon
se to
a p
rote
st.
2015.08.27
Jaya
pura
Polri
(Ind
ones
ian
polic
e)
Wilh
elm
us A
wom
, 26,
So
lem
an Y
om, 2
7, a
nd Y
afet
Aw
om, 1
9
The
thre
e vi
ctim
s wer
e ab
duct
ed a
nd
seve
rely
tort
ured
by
polic
e in
Ja
yapu
ra, t
he c
apita
l of P
apua
pr
ovin
ce.
‘W
e W
ill L
ose
Ever
ythi
ng”
repo
rt o
f the
Cat
holic
Co
mm
issio
n fo
r Jus
tice
and
Peac
e,
http
s://
cjpc
brisb
ane.
files
.w
ordp
ress
.com
/201
6/05
/w
e-‐w
ill-‐lo
se-‐e
very
thin
g-‐m
ay-‐2
016.
pdf,
acce
ssed
22
July
, 201
6.
2015.08.28
Tim
ika
M
ilita
ry so
ldie
rs
Yulia
nus O
koar
e, 1
8, a
nd
Iman
uel M
arim
au, 2
3 w
ere
ki
lled.
The
shoo
ting
inju
red
Thom
as A
poka
, 16,
and
th
ree
othe
rs in
thei
r ear
ly
20s -‐
Mos
es U
map
i,
Mar
inus
Apo
kapo
and
M
oses
Imip
u.
Two
23 y
ear o
ld m
en w
ere
fata
lly
shot
in T
imik
a by
Indo
nesia
n so
ldie
rs
unde
r the
influ
ence
of a
lcoh
ol.
This
was
one
of t
he ra
re c
ases
in
whi
ch In
done
sian
secu
rity
fo
rces
mem
bers
wer
e he
ld
acco
unta
ble
for t
heir
viol
ent a
ctio
ns.
The
Cath
olic
Bish
op o
f Tim
ika,
Mgr
. Jo
hn P
hilip
Sak
lil a
nd h
is st
aff w
ere
Pa
puan
s Beh
ind
Bars
20
15, R
ising
voi
ces;
risin
g ar
rest
s: A
look
at W
est
Papu
a in
201
5, p
22,
Ac
cess
ed o
n 13
th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.ta
pol.o
rg/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
/site
s/de
fau
lt/fil
es/p
dfs/
2015
%20
Risin
g%20
Voic
es%
20Ri
sing%
20
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
56
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
inst
rum
enta
l in
secu
ring
this
outc
ome.
Thr
ee so
ldie
rs w
ere
sent
ence
d to
impr
isonm
ent,
with
an
othe
r aw
aitin
g ve
rdic
t, ov
er th
e ki
lling
of t
wo
Papu
an m
en b
y M
ilita
ry
Dist
rict C
omm
and
1710
sold
iers
in
Kope
rapo
ka, M
imik
a on
28
Augu
st
2015
.
Arre
sts.
EN_.
Inte
rnat
iona
l Coa
litio
n fo
r Pa
pua
2016
, Ora
l St
atem
ent f
or th
e 31
st
Sess
ion
of th
e U
N H
uman
Ri
ghts
Cou
ncil,
Acc
esse
d on
13th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/fra
ncisc
ansin
tern
ati
onal
.org
/file
adm
in/m
edia
/20
16/A
sia-‐P
acifi
c/31
st-‐
HRC-‐
ID-‐S
Rs-‐F
reed
om-‐
Asse
mbl
y-‐Su
mm
ary-‐
Exec
utio
n-‐jo
int-‐
stat
emen
t-‐Fr
anci
scan
s-‐In
tern
atio
nal.p
df
‘We
Will
Los
e Ev
eryt
hing
” re
port
of t
he C
atho
lic
Com
miss
ion
for J
ustic
e an
d Pe
ace,
ht
tps:
//cj
pcbr
isban
e.fil
es.
wor
dpre
ss.c
om/2
016/
05/
we-‐
will
-‐lose
-‐eve
ryth
ing-‐
may
-‐201
6.pd
f, ac
cess
ed
22 Ju
ly, 2
016.
2015.09.28
Biak
Res
iden
tial
Hous
ing
Com
plex
, G
oron
g-‐G
oron
g tr
aditi
onal
M
arke
t, M
imik
a,
Tim
ika
Dist
rict
Th
ree
mem
bers
of
the
Indo
nesia
n Po
lice
Forc
e fr
om M
imik
a Ba
ru se
ctor
, Tim
ika
Dist
rict
Kale
p Ba
gau,
18
year
s old
, 3rd
yea
r Sen
ior H
igh
Scho
ol
stud
ent a
t SM
K Pe
tra,
Ti
mik
a Di
stric
t, liv
ed in
Be
ndug
an Ja
lan
Sosia
l, Ti
mik
a Di
stric
t. Ef
rand
o So
bare
k, 1
7 ye
ars
old,
3rd y
ear H
igh
Scho
ol
Stud
ent a
t SM
K Pe
tra,
Ti
mik
a Di
stric
t, liv
es in
Ti
mik
a Di
stric
t
At a
roun
d 7p
m th
e tw
o st
uden
ts
wer
e sit
ting
in a
tow
er in
Bia
k Re
siden
tial H
ousin
g Co
mpl
ex. T
en
min
utes
late
r mor
e po
lice
arriv
ed o
n 15
mot
orbi
kes a
nd in
thre
e po
lice
cars
-‐ the
y su
rrou
nded
the
hous
ing
com
plex
. Kal
ep a
nd E
fran
do ra
n aw
ay
from
the
com
plex
. The
y ra
n in
to
polic
e on
the
stre
et. K
alep
was
shot
in
the
ches
t, re
port
edly
bec
ause
he
was
susp
ecte
d of
com
mitt
ing
an a
ct
of v
anda
lism
. He
died
shor
tly a
fter
. Ef
rand
o w
as sh
ot in
the
leg
and
ches
t, an
d le
ft in
crit
ical
con
ditio
n at
th
e Re
gion
al P
ublic
Hos
pita
l in
Mim
ika.
Kale
p’s f
athe
r is P
asto
r Dan
iel
Oga
u, a
mem
ber o
f the
KN
PB
in T
imik
a. K
alep
’s fa
mily
thin
k th
is w
as a
pol
itica
l as
sass
inat
ion.
Papu
ans B
ehin
d Ba
rs
2015
, Risi
ng v
oice
s; ri
sing
arre
sts:
A lo
ok a
t Wes
t Pa
pua
in 2
015,
Acc
esse
d on
13th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.ta
pol.o
rg/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
/site
s/de
fau
lt/fil
es/p
dfs/
2015
%20
Risin
g%20
Voic
es%
20Ri
sing%
20Ar
rest
s.EN
_.pd
f Fr
anci
scan
s Int
erna
tiona
l 20
15, W
est P
apua
: Ta
rget
ed K
illin
g of
In
dige
nous
Pap
uan
Yout
h N
eeds
To
Stop
, Acc
esse
d
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
57
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
on 1
3th Ju
ly 2
016,
Av
aila
ble
at:
http
://f
ranc
iscan
sinte
rnat
ion
al.o
rg/r
egio
nal-‐
prog
ram
s/as
ia-‐
paci
fic/n
ews/
wes
t-‐pa
pua-‐
targ
eted
-‐kill
ing-‐
of-‐
indi
geno
us-‐p
apua
n-‐yo
uth-‐
need
s-‐to
-‐st
op/?
tx_n
ews_
pi1[
cont
rolle
r]=N
ews&
tx_n
ews_
pi1[
actio
n]=d
etai
l&cH
ash=
d13
dac2
5cab
a7a3
ade5
f678
2ff
b3ee
1a
Urg
ent A
ppea
l let
ter b
y su
ppor
ted
orga
nisa
tions
, da
ted
30th S
epte
mbe
r 20
15, A
cces
sed
on 1
3th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://f
ranc
iscan
sinte
rnat
ion
al.o
rg/f
ilead
min
/med
ia/
2015
/indo
nesia
_urg
enta
ppe
al_e
xecu
tiono
findi
geno
uspa
puan
s_se
pt20
15.p
df
2015.11.16
Wam
ena
A de
mon
stra
tion
calli
ng fo
r de
moc
racy
and
med
ia
free
dom
was
forc
ibly
di
sper
sed
by W
amen
a po
lice.
Th
e de
mon
stra
tion
was
led
by
five
ex-‐p
oliti
cal p
rison
ers w
ho
wer
e re
leas
ed in
May
201
5.
http
://w
ww
.pap
uans
behi
ndba
rs.o
rg/?
p=35
87,
acce
ssed
22
July
201
6.
2015.10.25
Yahu
kim
o
Ad
embo
Kob
ak (2
4 ye
ars)
an
d Ya
nus G
iban
(27
year
s).
The
Wes
t Pap
ua N
atio
nal C
omm
ittee
(K
NPB
) acc
used
the
Yahu
kim
o Po
lice
of p
hysic
ally
abu
sing
two
of it
s m
embe
rs, A
dem
bo K
obak
(24
year
s)
and
Yanu
s Gib
an (2
7 ye
ars)
. The
y ha
d as
ked
a gr
oup
of 2
0 pe
ople
, inc
ludi
ng
polic
e of
ficer
s, to
stop
gam
blin
g on
co
ck fi
ghts
. Bot
h w
ere
hosp
italis
ed a
s a
resu
lt of
thei
r inj
urie
s.
‘W
e W
ill L
ose
Ever
ythi
ng”
repo
rt o
f the
Cat
holic
Co
mm
issio
n fo
r Jus
tice
and
Peac
e,
http
s://
cjpc
brisb
ane.
files
.w
ordp
ress
.com
/201
6/05
/w
e-‐w
ill-‐lo
se-‐e
very
thin
g-‐m
ay-‐2
016.
pdf,
acce
ssed
22
July
, 201
6.
2015.12.01
Wan
ampo
mpi
Vi
llage
, Ang
gaise
ra
Dist
rict,
Yape
n
M
ilita
ry D
istric
t Co
mm
and
1709
&
Yape
n Re
gion
al P
olic
e
Yona
s Man
itori
Dariu
s And
iribi
He
rik M
anito
ri
Four
peo
ple
wer
e ki
lled
and
eigh
t ot
hers
serio
usly
inju
red
by m
ilita
ry
offic
ers a
nd re
gion
al p
olic
e du
ring
a
Pa
puan
s Beh
ind
Bars
20
15, R
ising
voi
ces;
risin
g ar
rest
s: A
look
at W
est
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
58
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
Isla
nd
Yulia
nus R
obah
a se
curit
y pa
trol
in W
anam
pom
pi
villa
ge. Y
onas
and
Dar
ius d
ied
on th
e sp
ot a
fter
bei
ng sh
ot. H
erik
and
Yu
lianu
s wer
e to
rtur
ed to
dea
th a
fter
su
fferin
g in
itial
gun
shot
wou
nds.
Ei
ght o
ther
vill
ager
s also
suffe
red
serio
us in
jurie
s as a
resu
lt of
secu
rity
offic
ers o
peni
ng fi
re. V
illag
ers h
ad
held
a p
raye
r ses
sion
and
a fla
g-‐ra
ising
cer
emon
y w
here
the
Mor
ning
St
ar fl
ag w
as fl
own
to c
omm
emor
ate
1 De
cem
ber.
Papu
a in
201
5, A
cces
sed
on 1
3th Ju
ly 2
016,
Av
aila
ble
at:
http
://w
ww
.tapo
l.org
/site
s/de
faul
t/fil
es/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
s/20
15%
20Ri
sing%
20Vo
ices
%20
Risin
g%20
Arre
sts.
EN_.
Inte
rnat
iona
l Coa
litio
n fo
r Pa
pua
2016
, Ora
l St
atem
ent f
or th
e 31
st
Sess
ion
of th
e U
N H
uman
Ri
ghts
Cou
ncil,
Acc
esse
d on
13th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/fra
ncisc
ansin
tern
ati
onal
.org
/file
adm
in/m
edia
/20
16/A
sia-‐P
acifi
c/31
st-‐
HRC-‐
ID-‐S
Rs-‐F
reed
om-‐
Asse
mbl
y-‐Su
mm
ary-‐
Exec
utio
n-‐jo
int-‐
stat
emen
t-‐Fr
anci
scan
s-‐In
tern
atio
nal.p
df
2015.12.01
Bung
a Ba
ngsa
Pa
pua
Fiel
d,
Nab
ire
32
peo
ple
wer
e ar
rest
ed a
s the
y he
ld
a co
mm
emor
ativ
e pr
ayer
sess
ion.
Po
lice
offic
ers f
orci
bly
disp
erse
d th
e cr
owd,
repo
rted
ly b
eatin
g pe
ople
w
ith ri
fle b
utts
and
woo
den
beam
s.
Thos
e ar
rest
ed w
ere
inte
rrog
ated
for
seve
ral h
ours
bef
ore
bein
g re
leas
ed
with
out c
harg
e. A
t lea
st fo
ur p
eopl
e su
stai
ned
inju
ries d
ue to
pol
ice
beat
ings
.
Pa
puan
s Beh
ind
Bars
20
15, R
ising
voi
ces;
risin
g ar
rest
s: A
look
at W
est
Papu
a in
201
5, A
cces
sed
on 1
3th Ju
ly 2
016,
Av
aila
ble
at:
http
://w
ww
.tapo
l.org
/site
s/de
faul
t/fil
es/s
ites/
defa
ult/
files
s/20
15%
20Ri
sing%
20Vo
ices
%20
Risin
g%20
Arre
sts.
EN_.
2015.12.01
Jaka
rta
PO
LDA
Jaka
rta.
Ti
to K
arna
vian
, fo
rmer
hea
d of
D88
an
d no
w C
hief
of
Polic
e, Ja
kart
a.
306
Arre
sted
14
5 in
jure
d du
e to
ex
cess
ive
forc
e fr
om th
e po
lice.
In Ja
kart
a, a
t lea
st 3
06 p
eopl
e w
ere
arre
sted
and
at l
east
133
suffe
red
serio
us in
jurie
s due
to p
olic
e br
utal
ity. T
wo
fem
ale
Papu
an
prot
esto
rs fa
ced
sexu
al a
buse
by
Jaka
rta
Met
ro p
olic
e of
ficer
s (Po
lda
Metro Ja
ya) a
nd tw
o fo
reig
n jo
urna
lists
who
att
empt
ed to
repo
rt
on th
e ev
ent f
aced
pol
ice
Com
mem
orat
ing
the
1st o
f De
cem
ber
Papu
ans B
ehin
d Ba
rs,
http
://w
ww
.pap
uans
behi
ndba
rs.o
rg/?
p=35
89,
acce
ssed
22
July
201
6.
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
59
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
intim
idat
ion.
2016.05.02
Jaya
pura
M
erau
ke
Sem
aran
g M
akas
sar
FakF
ak
Soro
ng
Wam
ena
In
done
sian
polic
e
1,44
9 pe
ople
arr
este
d in
Ja
yapu
ra, 4
5 pe
ople
ar
rest
ed in
Sem
eran
g, 4
2 pe
ople
arr
este
d in
M
akas
sar,
29 p
eopl
e ar
rest
ed in
Fak
fak,
27
peop
le a
rres
ted
in S
oron
g 14
peo
ple
arre
sted
in
Wam
ena,
200
peo
ple
arre
sted
in M
erau
ke.
(See
LBH
Jaka
rta
for a
full
list o
f tho
se a
rres
ted.
)
Indo
nesia
n se
curit
y fo
rces
and
pol
ice
arre
sted
hun
dred
s of P
apua
n de
mon
stra
tors
dur
ing
ralli
es to
day.
Pe
ople
wer
e ra
llyin
g in
supp
ort o
f the
U
nite
d Li
bera
tion
mov
emen
t for
W
est P
apua
and
its e
ffort
to re
ach
full
mem
ber s
tatu
s of t
he re
gion
al
MSG
. Six
peo
ple
wer
e ad
mitt
ed to
ho
spita
l. In
Fak
Fak
leas
t 19
peop
le
arre
sted
wer
e ch
ildre
n. M
any
clai
m
to h
ave
been
ass
aulte
d. T
hose
in
Jaya
pura
wer
e he
ld in
an
outd
oor j
ail
at th
e po
lice
head
quar
ters
for e
ight
ho
urs.
As
ia P
acifi
c Re
port
201
6,
Hund
reds
of P
apua
ns
arre
sted
in m
ass
Indo
nesia
n cr
ackd
own,
sa
y re
port
s, M
ay 2
201
6,
Acce
ssed
on
14th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/asia
paci
ficre
port
.nz
/201
6/05
/02/
hund
reds
-‐of
-‐pap
uans
-‐arr
este
d-‐in
-‐m
ass-‐
indo
nesia
n-‐cr
ackd
own/
FB
C N
ews 2
016,
Alm
ost
1700
arr
ests
in W
est
Papu
a de
mos
, May
4,
Acce
ssed
16th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.fb
c.co
m.fj
/wo
rld/3
9984
/alm
ost-‐
1700
-‐ar
rest
s-‐in
-‐wes
t-‐pa
pua-‐
dem
os
Alja
zeer
a 20
16, M
ass
arre
sts r
epor
ted
in
Indo
nesia
’s re
stiv
e Pa
pua,
M
ay 4
, Acc
esse
d 16
July
20
16, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://w
ww
.alja
zeer
a.co
m/n
ews/
2016
/05/
mas
s-‐ar
rest
s-‐re
port
ed-‐
indo
nesia
-‐res
tive-‐
papu
a-‐16
0503
0853
3232
5.ht
ml
SBS
2016
, Ass
ault
clai
ms
durin
g m
ass a
rres
ts o
ver
Wes
t Pap
ua
inde
pend
ence
pus
h, S
BS,
Acce
ssed
on
16th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/ww
w.s
bs.c
om.a
u/n
ews/
artic
le/2
016/
05/0
3/a
ssau
lt-‐cl
aim
s-‐du
ring-‐
mas
s-‐
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
60
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
arre
sts-‐
over
-‐wes
t-‐pa
pua-‐
inde
pend
ence
-‐pus
h
Amne
sty
2016
, Ind
ones
ia:
End
mas
s arr
ests
and
cr
ackd
owns
on
peac
eful
pr
otes
ts, M
ay 5
, Acc
esse
d on
16t
h Ju
ly 2
016,
Av
aila
ble
at:
http
://w
ww
.am
nest
y.or
g.au
/new
s/co
mm
ents
/417
20/
2016.05.28
Papu
an
Gov
erno
r’s O
ffice
at
Dok
2, J
ayap
ura
city
Ja
yapu
ra d
istric
t po
lice
26 K
NPB
mem
bers
wer
e ar
rest
ed
Offi
cers
arr
este
d 26
KN
PB m
embe
rs
whi
le th
ey w
ere
dist
ribut
ing
leaf
lets
fo
r the
May
31
dem
onst
ratio
n. T
hey
wer
e br
ough
t to
the
loca
l pol
ice
stat
ion
whe
re th
ey w
ere
inte
rrog
ated
an
d de
tain
ed u
ntil
they
wer
e la
ter
rele
ased
that
day
.
In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for
Papu
a 20
16, U
nlaw
ful
Mas
s Arr
ests
of 3
26 W
est
Papu
ans b
etw
een
May
28
and
May
31,
201
6,
Acce
ssed
on
16th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/ne
ws/
197-‐
unla
wfu
l-‐m
ass-‐
arre
sts-‐
of-‐3
26-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
may
-‐28
-‐and
-‐may
-‐31-‐
2016
2016.05.28
Sent
ani N
ew
Mar
ket,
Sent
ani
Ja
yapu
ra d
istric
t po
lice
24 m
embe
rs o
f KN
PB w
ere
arre
sted
O
ffice
rs a
rres
ted
24 K
NPB
mem
bers
as
they
wer
e di
strib
utin
g le
afle
ts fo
r th
e de
mon
stra
tion
on M
ay 3
1. T
hey
wer
e al
so in
terr
ogat
ed a
t the
loca
l po
lice
stat
ion
and
late
r rel
ease
d th
at
day.
In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for
Papu
a 20
16, U
nlaw
ful
Mas
s Arr
ests
of 3
26 W
est
Papu
ans b
etw
een
May
28
and
May
31,
201
6,
Acce
ssed
on
16th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/ne
ws/
197-‐
unla
wfu
l-‐m
ass-‐
arre
sts-‐
of-‐3
26-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
may
-‐28
-‐and
-‐may
-‐31-‐
2016
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
61
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
2016.05.30
Patim
ura
Stre
et,
Wam
ena
Ja
yaw
aija
ya d
istric
t po
lice,
Brim
ob,
Kore
m 7
56 m
ilita
ry
com
man
d
51 K
NPB
mem
bers
arr
este
d Jo
int s
ecur
ity fo
rces
rush
ed to
the
KNPB
offi
ce w
ith 7
truc
ks a
nd 4
car
s,
whe
re th
ey a
rbitr
arily
arr
este
d 51
KN
PB m
embe
rs a
nd su
bseq
uent
ly
deta
ined
them
in th
e W
amen
a di
stric
t Pol
ice
stat
ion.
Thr
ee o
f tho
se
arre
sted
wer
e w
omen
. Som
e of
the
Brim
ob o
ffice
rs w
ore
bala
clav
as to
co
ver t
heir
face
s. O
n th
e fir
st d
ay o
f de
tent
ion
polic
e of
ficer
s onl
y pr
ovid
ed 1
9 po
rtio
ns o
f ric
e to
the
51
peop
le d
etai
ned.
All
51 p
eopl
e w
ere
inte
rrog
ated
with
no
clea
r ac
cusa
tion.
Pol
ice
seize
d tw
o m
obile
ph
ones
, one
dig
ital c
amer
a, o
ne
mot
orcy
cle
and
one
lapt
op. T
hey
also
m
ade
Asa
Asso
, 27
year
s old
, to
take
of
f his
shirt
as i
t had
the
Mor
ning
St
ar F
lag
on it
.
In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for
Papu
a 20
16, U
nlaw
ful
Mas
s Arr
ests
of 3
26 W
est
Papu
ans b
etw
een
May
28
and
May
31,
201
6,
Acce
ssed
on
16th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/ne
ws/
197-‐
unla
wfu
l-‐m
ass-‐
arre
sts-‐
of-‐3
26-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
may
-‐28
-‐and
-‐may
-‐31-‐
2016
2016.05.30
KNPB
offi
ce,
Mer
auke
Inte
llige
nce
offic
ers
and
polic
e of
ficer
s
Mor
e th
an h
undr
eds o
f pol
ice
and
inte
llige
nce
offic
ers c
ame
to th
e KN
PB o
ffice
and
que
stio
ned
the
KNPB
coo
rdin
ator
and
secr
etar
y M
s Pa
ngkr
asia
Yem
and
Pet
rus T
iniy
ap
Kate
m a
bout
the
May
31
dem
onst
ratio
n.
In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for
Papu
a 20
16, U
nlaw
ful
Mas
s Arr
ests
of 3
26 W
est
Papu
ans b
etw
een
May
28
and
May
31,
201
6,
Acce
ssed
on
16th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/ne
ws/
197-‐
unla
wfu
l-‐m
ass-‐
arre
sts-‐
of-‐3
26-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
may
-‐28
-‐and
-‐may
-‐31-‐
2016
2016.05.30
Yahu
kim
o
Da
rpin
us B
ayag
e Is
on B
ahab
ol
Amite
r Bah
abol
At 1
0:30
am th
ree
KNPB
act
ivist
s w
ere
arre
sted
and
take
n to
Ya
huki
mo
polic
e st
atio
n. T
hey
wer
e ar
rest
ed w
hen
dist
ribut
ing
leaf
lets
su
ppor
ting
the
ULM
WP
to b
e re
cogn
ised
as a
full
mem
ber o
f MSG
, an
d ca
lling
on
the
rele
ase
of a
ll W
est
Papu
an p
oliti
cal p
rison
ers.
The
y w
ere
beat
en in
the
polic
e tr
uck
on th
e w
ay
to th
e st
atio
n.
Th
e In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for P
apua
201
6, R
epor
t on
the
unla
wfu
l arr
ests
of
648
Wes
t Pap
uans
be
twee
n 28
– 3
1 M
ay
2016
, Acc
esse
d on
14th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/ne
ws/
200-‐
repo
rt-‐o
n-‐th
e-‐un
law
ful-‐a
rres
ts-‐o
f-‐64
8-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
28-‐3
1-‐m
ay-‐2
016
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
62
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
Wes
t Pap
ua M
edia
201
6,
Indo
n po
lice
begi
n an
othe
r cra
ckdo
wn
on
KNPB
act
ivist
s ahe
ad o
f M
ay 3
1 m
obili
satio
ns,
May
30
2016
, Acc
esse
d on
14
th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tps:
//w
estp
apua
med
ia.i
nfo/
2016
/05/
30/in
don-‐
polic
e-‐be
gin-‐
anot
her-‐
crac
kdow
n-‐on
-‐knp
b-‐ac
tivist
s-‐ah
ead-‐
of-‐m
ay-‐
31-‐m
obili
satio
ns/
2016.05.30
KNPB
Bal
iem
of
fice,
Wam
ena
Br
imob
W
arpo
Sam
pari
Wet
ipo,
Ha
san
Kogo
ya, M
arta
Ha
luk,
Mar
di H
eluk
a, H
ery
Kosa
y, F
irdau
s Hila
pok,
Pa
ska
Iyab
a, M
arse
l Mar
ian
Mel
ianu
s Kos
ay, H
iron
Hilu
ka, Y
ufry
Kog
oya,
Pi
lem
on M
eaga
, Dom
y M
eaga
, Man
u W
uka,
M
artin
us W
amu,
Dem
inus
Q
antik
, Ard
is W
ilil,
Nub
er
Sura
but,
Mel
y W
antik
, Asa
As
so, Y
uliu
s Tow
olom
.
Seve
ral K
NPB
act
ivist
s wer
e ch
ased
, ar
rest
ed a
nd b
eate
n by
Indo
nesia
n po
lice
for h
andi
ng o
ut fl
yers
out
side
the
KNPB
Bal
iem
offi
ce. B
rimob
po
lice
swoo
ped
in a
nd c
aptu
red
21 o
f th
e KN
PB a
ctiv
ists.
W
est P
apua
Med
ia 2
016,
In
don
polic
e be
gin
anot
her c
rack
dow
n on
KN
PB a
ctiv
ists a
head
of
May
31
mob
ilisa
tions
, M
ay 3
0 20
16, A
cces
sed
on
14th Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tps:
//w
estp
apua
med
ia.i
nfo/
2016
/05/
30/in
don-‐
polic
e-‐be
gin-‐
anot
her-‐
crac
kdow
n-‐on
-‐knp
b-‐ac
tivist
s-‐ah
ead-‐
of-‐m
ay-‐
31-‐m
obili
satio
ns/
2016.05.31
Sent
ani
Regi
onal
pol
ice
and
mili
tary
offi
cers
455
peop
le a
rres
ted
At 5
:10a
m p
olic
e ca
me
to th
e KN
PB
secr
etar
iat.
Polic
e as
ked
prot
esto
rs
to g
athe
r pro
test
pro
pert
ies.
At
6:20
am p
olic
e ca
lled
mili
tary
offi
ces
to c
ome
over
. Whe
n th
ey a
rriv
ed th
e po
lice
and
mili
tary
ent
ered
the
secr
etar
iat a
nd to
ok a
com
pute
r, pr
inte
r, th
ree
meg
apho
nes,
two
mob
ile p
hone
s and
som
e cl
othi
ng.
Som
e pe
ople
wer
e ta
ken
to D
oyo
polic
e st
atio
n. M
ilita
ry a
lso ra
ided
th
e se
cret
aria
t sur
roun
ding
are
as a
nd
took
som
e M
orni
ng S
tar n
oken
s (t
radi
tiona
l stin
g ba
gs) f
rom
Pap
uan
wom
en. A
t 8am
peo
ple
star
ted
to
Th
e In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for P
apua
201
6, R
epor
t on
the
unla
wfu
l arr
ests
of
648
Wes
t Pap
uans
be
twee
n 28
– 3
1 M
ay
2016
, Acc
esse
d on
14th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/ne
ws/
200-‐
repo
rt-‐o
n-‐th
e-‐un
law
ful-‐a
rres
ts-‐o
f-‐64
8-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
28-‐3
1-‐m
ay-‐2
016
Th
e In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for P
apua
201
6, U
nlaw
ful
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
63
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
mar
ch. S
ome
peop
le w
ere
arre
sted
at
the
begi
nnin
g w
hile
oth
ers w
ere
arre
sted
late
r in
the
day
at 3
pm. A
to
tal o
f 455
peo
ple
wer
e ar
rest
ed.
Mas
s Arr
ests
of 3
26 W
est
Papu
ans b
etw
een
May
28
and
May
31,
201
6,
Acce
ssed
on
16th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/ne
ws/
197-‐
unla
wfu
l-‐m
ass-‐
arre
sts-‐
of-‐3
26-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
may
-‐28
-‐and
-‐may
-‐31-‐
2016
.
2016.05.31
Soci
al S
tree
t, Se
ntan
i
In
done
sian
polic
e In
tota
l 203
peo
ple
wer
e ar
rest
ed.
Polic
e of
ficer
s con
duct
ed a
swee
ping
op
erat
ion
early
in th
e m
orni
ng in
se
vera
l are
as, p
rior t
o th
e de
mon
stra
tion.
16
youn
g Pa
puan
s w
ere
arre
sted
, mos
t of w
hom
wer
e un
iver
sity
stud
ents
. Pol
ice
offic
ers
wer
e st
oppi
ng p
ublic
tran
spor
t and
ch
ecki
ng p
asse
nger
s’ id
entit
y ca
rds.
Ac
cord
ing
to lo
cal i
nfor
man
ts th
e ar
rest
s wer
e ca
rrie
d ou
t bas
ed o
n tr
ibal
orig
in, b
ecau
se m
ost K
NPB
su
ppor
ters
orig
inat
e fr
om th
e Ce
ntra
l Hi
ghla
nds.
Pol
ice
also
arr
este
d hu
ndre
ds o
f KN
PB su
ppor
ters
at t
he
loca
l KN
PB o
ffice
, at P
os 7
. In
tota
l 203
peo
ple
wer
e ar
rest
ed
and
deta
ined
at J
ayap
ura
dist
rict
polic
e st
atio
n in
Doy
o Ba
ru. P
olic
e di
d no
t pro
vide
food
and
drin
ks to
th
e ar
rest
ees d
urin
g cu
stod
y. T
hey
wer
e re
leas
ed la
ter t
hat d
ay.
Seve
ral p
olic
e of
ficer
s mad
e hu
mili
atin
g st
atem
ents
abo
ut th
e pr
otes
ts’ t
ribal
orig
in d
urin
g cu
stod
y.
Th
e In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for P
apua
201
6, R
epor
t on
the
unla
wfu
l arr
ests
of
648
Wes
t Pap
uans
be
twee
n 28
– 3
1 M
ay
2016
, Acc
esse
d on
14th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/ne
ws/
200-‐
repo
rt-‐o
n-‐th
e-‐un
law
ful-‐a
rres
ts-‐o
f-‐64
8-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
28-‐3
1-‐m
ay-‐2
016
2016.05.31
Wam
ena
Brim
ob, J
ayaw
ijaya
an
d Ba
taly
on 7
56
Wim
Ani
Sili
Wam
ena
12 p
eopl
e ar
rest
ed
Jo
int s
ecur
ity fo
rces
arr
este
d 12
de
mon
stra
tors
from
whe
re th
e de
mon
stra
tors
pla
nned
to w
alk
tow
ards
the
loca
l par
liam
ent
build
ing.
One
of t
he d
emon
stra
tors
w
as in
jure
d du
ring
arre
st a
s a B
rimob
of
ficer
kic
ked
him
. Som
e pe
ople
wer
e be
aten
with
bat
ons b
y th
e po
lice
Th
e In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for P
apua
201
6, R
epor
t on
the
unla
wfu
l arr
ests
of
648
Wes
t Pap
uans
be
twee
n 28
– 3
1 M
ay
2016
, Acc
esse
d on
14th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
64
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
offic
ers.
The
y w
ere
deta
ined
ove
r ni
ght i
n th
e co
rrid
or o
f the
pol
ice
stat
ion,
nex
t to
the
toile
ts a
nd tr
ash
area
. Pol
ice
offic
ers d
id n
ot p
rovi
de
food
or d
rink
for a
day
and
a h
alf.
org/
new
s/20
0-‐re
port
-‐on-‐
the-‐
unla
wfu
l-‐arr
ests
-‐of-‐
648-‐
wes
t-‐pa
puan
s-‐be
twee
n-‐28
-‐31-‐
may
-‐201
6
2016.05.31
Man
ado
Hisk
ia M
aege
Em
anue
l Uka
go
Laos
Alu
a Ar
ni W
etip
o An
drea
s Dab
la
Sony
Liw
iya
Agus
Tab
uni
At a
roun
d 9
am p
eopl
e st
arte
d to
w
alk
to th
e lo
cal p
arlia
men
t fro
m
Papu
an st
uden
ts’ b
oard
ing
hous
e.
Peop
le w
ere
tear
-‐gas
sed
and
one
pers
on w
as sh
ot w
ith a
rubb
er b
ulle
t. Th
e se
ven
peop
le a
rres
ted
wer
e ta
ken
to M
anad
o po
lice
stat
ion.
The
y w
ere
rele
ased
the
next
day
.
Th
e In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for P
apua
201
6, R
epor
t on
the
unla
wfu
l arr
ests
of
648
Wes
t Pap
uans
be
twee
n 28
– 3
1 M
ay
2016
, Acc
esse
d on
14th
Ju
ly 2
016,
Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/ne
ws/
200-‐
repo
rt-‐o
n-‐th
e-‐un
law
ful-‐a
rres
ts-‐o
f-‐64
8-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
28-‐3
1-‐m
ay-‐2
016
Th
e In
tern
atio
nal C
oalit
ion
for P
apua
201
6, U
nlaw
ful
Mas
s Arr
ests
of 3
26 W
est
Papu
ans b
etw
een
May
28
and
May
31,
201
6,
Acce
ssed
16th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/ne
ws/
197-‐
unla
wfu
l-‐m
ass-‐
arre
sts-‐
of-‐3
26-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
may
-‐28
-‐and
-‐may
-‐31-‐
2016
2016.06.10
Jaya
pura
31
peo
ple
wer
e ar
rest
ed.
All m
embe
rs o
f KN
PB:
Kalv
in W
enda
, 33
year
s old
Jim
y Bo
row
ai, 3
5 ye
ars o
ld
Regi
na W
enda
29
year
s old
Ke
sman
Wen
da, 2
8 ye
ars
old,
Ani
s Kog
oya,
30
year
s ol
d, S
auga
s Goo
, 25
year
s ol
d, H
osea
Yei
mo,
20
year
s ol
d, O
cha
Wet
ipo,
24
year
s ol
d, S
imon
Bom
a, 2
3 ye
ars
old,
Arn
os B
ahab
ol, 2
2 ye
ars o
ld, W
esko
Wen
da,
26 y
ears
old
, Onc
el
On
June
10th
31
KNPB
act
ivist
s wer
e ar
rest
ed a
nd ta
ken
to Ja
yapu
ra P
olic
e st
atio
n fo
r han
ding
out
leaf
lets
in
supp
ort o
f the
ULM
WP.
Ja
kart
a Le
gal A
id In
stitu
te
2016
, LBH
Rep
ort P
apua
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 14
th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/im
ages
/lbh_
repo
rt_p
apu
a_15
_jun
e.pd
f Au
stra
lia W
est P
apua
As
soci
atio
n 20
16,
Intim
idat
ion
of K
NPB
and
st
uden
t act
ivist
s in
crea
ses,
Sco
op, 1
4 Ju
ne,
Acce
ssed
on
14th Ju
ly
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
65
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
Balin
gga,
22
year
s old
Ya
son
Baha
bol,
22 y
ears
old
Al
ex P
igai
, 21
year
s old
Ab
et Y
eim
o, 2
4 ye
ars o
ld
Sam
uel M
adai
, 23
year
s old
N
ovi W
enda
, 23
year
s old
O
pinc
e Ye
imo,
24
year
s old
Fr
engk
i Pig
ai, 2
6 ye
ars o
ld
Dom
inik
us D
imi,
20 y
ears
ol
d, S
emi M
olam
a, 2
5 ye
ars
old,
Las
ka S
ama,
26
year
s ol
d, K
obab
e W
anim
bo, 2
7 ye
ars o
ld, Y
an D
egey
, 24
year
s old
, Peb
ian
Fouw
, 22
year
s old
, Wad
ai K
egiy
e, 2
3 ye
ars o
ld, P
reng
ki P
igai
, 24
year
s old
, Wal
o W
anim
bo,
23 y
ears
old
, Don
ny
Dogo
mo,
26
year
s old
Be
rnat
Hae
o, 2
3 ye
ars o
ld
Icka
Kom
ba, 2
7 ye
ars o
ld
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/pac
ific.
scoo
p.co
.nz/
2016
/06/
intim
idat
ion-‐
of-‐
knpb
-‐and
-‐stu
dent
-‐ac
tivist
s-‐in
crea
ses/
2016.06.13
Hote
l Rat
na, J
alan
Ra
ya S
enta
ni
regi
on
Com
miss
ione
r Ar
nold
Tat
a
Jaya
pura
dist
rict
polic
e 64
or 6
5 pe
ople
arr
este
d-‐
KNPB
act
ivist
s/st
uden
ts.
For a
full
list o
f nam
es se
e LB
H, Ja
kart
a.
Polic
e of
ficer
s fro
m th
e Ja
yapu
ra
dist
rict c
ame
with
five
mot
orcy
cles
, th
ree
Kija
ng A
vanz
a, a
Mili
tary
Pol
ice
patr
ol a
nd tw
o tr
ucks
of f
ully
arm
ed
sold
iers
. The
act
ivist
s and
stud
ents
w
ere
hand
ing
out f
lyer
s whe
n th
ey
wer
e ar
rest
ed. T
hey
wer
e ta
ken
to
Dalm
as D
oyo
polic
e st
atio
n w
here
th
ey w
ere
all h
eld
for a
few
hou
rs
befo
re b
eing
rele
ased
. The
y w
ere
thre
aten
ed w
ith ja
il by
Com
miss
ione
r Ar
nold
Tat
a. T
hey
wer
e dr
agge
d on
th
e as
phal
t and
wer
e hi
t in
the
head
w
ith a
can
e. E
do B
ahab
ol a
nd N
aila
Ko
ssay
wer
e sla
pped
by
polic
e.
Hu
man
Rig
hts a
nd P
eace
fo
r Pap
ua 2
016,
Rep
ort o
n th
e un
law
ful a
rres
ts o
f 1,
269
Wes
t Pap
uans
be
twee
n 10
-‐15th
June
20
16, A
cces
sed
on 1
4th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
new
s/20
3-‐re
port
-‐on-‐
the-‐
unla
wfu
l-‐arr
ests
-‐of-‐1
-‐26
9-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
10-‐1
5-‐ju
ne-‐2
016
Scoo
p 20
16, I
ntim
idat
ion
of K
NPB
and
stud
ent
activ
ists i
ncre
ases
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 14
th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/pac
ific.
scoo
p.co
.nz/
2016
/06/
intim
idat
ion-‐
of-‐
knpb
-‐and
-‐stu
dent
-‐ac
tivist
s-‐in
crea
ses/
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
66
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
Jaka
rta
Lega
l Aid
Inst
itute
20
16, L
BH R
epor
t Pap
ua,
Acce
ssed
on
14th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/im
ages
/lbh_
repo
rt_p
apu
a_15
_jun
e.pd
f 2016.06.14
Betw
een
Jala
n Tr
ikor
a an
d Ja
lan
Irian
Wam
ena,
W
amen
a
20
pol
ice
offic
ers
from
regi
onal
uni
ts
Mar
then
Ass
o M
arth
en A
sso
was
selli
ng K
NPB
and
M
orni
ng S
tar s
hirt
s whe
n 20
pol
ice
offic
ers c
ame
and
took
him
in a
po
lice
truc
k at
abo
ut 7
:45a
m. H
e w
as
beat
en a
nd k
icke
d du
ring
inte
rrog
atio
n at
Jaya
wija
ya p
olic
e st
atio
n. H
e w
as re
leas
ed a
t 11a
m.
Ja
kart
a Le
gal A
id In
stitu
te
2016
, LBH
Rep
ort P
apua
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 14
th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/im
ages
/lbh_
repo
rt_p
apu
a_15
_jun
e.pd
f Be
lau
A 20
16, S
ell
Clot
hing
, Jua
l Baj
u, S
atu
Ora
ng D
itang
kap
Polis
i di
Wam
ena,
Acc
esse
d 14
th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://s
uara
papu
a.co
m/2
016/
06/1
4/ju
al-‐b
aju-‐
satu
-‐or
ang-‐
dita
ngka
p-‐po
lisi-‐
wam
ena/
2016.06.15
Jaya
pura
, Sen
tani
, W
amen
a,
Man
okw
ari,
Mer
auke
, Sor
ong,
Fa
kfak
, Ya
limo,
Pa
niai
, N
abire
, Yah
ukim
o M
alan
g
Ci
vil m
ilitia
Ap
prox
imna
tely
140
0 pe
ople
arr
este
d. F
ull a
full
list o
f nam
es se
e ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.org
/imag
es/lb
h_re
port
_pap
ua_
15_j
une.
and
LBH
Ja
kart
a. T
hose
arr
este
d in
clud
e ch
ildre
n.
Peac
eful
pro
test
s wer
e be
ing
held
ac
ross
Wes
t Pap
ua in
supp
ort t
he
ULM
WP
to b
e re
cogn
ised
as a
full
mem
ber o
f MSG
. M
ost o
f tho
se a
rres
ted
wer
e re
leas
ed, b
ut so
me
wer
e to
rtur
ed
whi
le in
det
entio
n. In
Fak
Fak
pol
ice
alle
gedl
y se
xual
ly a
ssau
lted
dem
onst
rato
rs.
Mas
s arr
ests
occ
urre
d in
Apr
il,
May
and
June
201
6. B
etw
een
May
and
June
alo
ne 3
,000
pe
ople
wer
e al
lege
dly
arre
sted
du
ring
peac
eful
pro
test
s in
maj
or P
apua
n ci
ties-‐
Jaya
pura
, M
erau
ke, F
akfa
k, S
oron
g an
d W
amen
a. T
hese
pro
test
s wer
e he
ld in
supp
ort o
f the
Uni
ted
Libe
ratio
n M
ovem
ent o
f Wes
t Pa
pua
(ULM
WP)
to b
e re
cogn
ised
as a
full
mem
ber o
f th
e M
elan
esia
n Sp
earh
ead
Gro
up (M
SG).
Fran
cisc
ans I
nter
natio
nal
22nd
June
201
6, O
ral
Stat
emen
t of t
he 3
2nd
Sess
ion
of th
e U
N H
uman
Ri
ghts
Cou
ncil,
Acc
esse
d on
14th
July
201
6,
Avai
labl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/fra
ncisc
ansin
tern
ati
onal
.org
/file
adm
in/m
edia
/20
16/A
sia-‐
Paci
fic/J
oint
_Sta
tem
ent_
at_
the_
UN
_on_
Hum
an_R
ight
s_in
_Pap
ua_.
Min
ority
Rig
hts G
roup
In
tern
atio
nal 2
016,
Join
t St
atem
ent o
n Hu
man
Ri
ghts
in W
est P
apua
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 14
th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
:
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
67
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
http
://m
inor
ityrig
hts.
org/
advo
cacy
-‐st
atem
ents
/joi
nt-‐
stat
emen
t-‐on
-‐hum
an-‐
right
s-‐in
-‐wes
t-‐pa
pua/
Hu
man
Rig
hts a
nd P
eace
fo
r Pap
ua 2
016,
Rep
ort o
n th
e un
law
ful a
rres
ts o
f 1,
269
Wes
t Pap
uans
be
twee
n 10
-‐15th
June
20
16, A
cces
sed
on 1
4th
July
201
6, A
vaila
ble
at:
http
://h
uman
right
spap
ua.
org/
new
s/20
3-‐re
port
-‐on-‐
the-‐
unla
wfu
l-‐arr
ests
-‐of-‐1
-‐26
9-‐w
est-‐
papu
ans-‐
betw
een-‐
10-‐1
5-‐ju
ne-‐2
016
Ja
kart
a Le
gal A
id In
stitu
te
2016
, LBH
Rep
ort P
apua
, Ac
cess
ed o
n 14
th Ju
ly
2016
, Ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tp:/
/hum
anrig
htsp
apua
.or
g/im
ages
/lbh_
repo
rt_p
apu
a_15
_jun
e.pd
f 2016.06.15
Yogy
akar
ta
Polic
e (Y
ogya
)
Po
lice
atta
ck st
uden
ts in
thei
r do
rmito
ry in
Yog
ya. S
even
arr
este
d.
Polic
e fir
ed w
arni
ng sh
ots,
use
d te
ar
gas,
phy
sical
ly a
ssau
lted
stud
ents
, de
nied
hum
anita
rian
aid
and
used
ra
cial
slur
s aga
inst
the
stud
ents
. Po
lice
back
ed u
p by
Indo
nesia
n m
ilitia
: The
Com
mun
icat
ion
Foru
m o
f th
e So
ns a
nd D
augh
ters
of I
ndon
esia
(F
KPPI
), th
e Pa
ncas
ila Y
outh
(PP)
, the
Pa
ksi K
aton
[whi
ch se
es it
self
as a
gu
ardi
an o
f Jav
anes
e cu
lture
and
the
Yogy
akar
ta su
ltana
te] a
nd th
e Yo
gyak
arta
Mili
tia (L
aska
r Jog
ja).
In
tota
l the
y nu
mbe
red
arou
nd 1
00 o
r m
ore
peop
le a
nd w
ere
arm
ed w
ith
Stud
ents
wer
e pr
epar
ing
a no
nvio
lent
dem
onst
ratio
n.
Whe
n th
e po
lice
refu
sed
perm
issio
n, th
ey d
ecid
ed to
sin
g so
ngs o
f lib
erat
ion
and
prai
se in
thei
r dor
mito
ry. T
his
was
whe
n th
e po
lice
and
mili
tia ra
ided
. The
PRP
PB
even
t was
in su
ppor
t of t
he
Uni
ted
Libe
ratio
n M
ovem
ent
for W
est P
apua
’s (U
LMW
P) b
id
to b
ecom
e a
full
mem
ber o
f th
e M
elan
esia
Spe
arhe
ad
Gro
up (M
SG).
http
://w
ww
.thej
akar
tapo
st.c
om/n
ews/
2016
/07/
15/
polic
e-‐ar
rest
-‐sev
en-‐
papu
an-‐s
tude
nts-‐
prev
ent-‐
dem
o.ht
ml,
acce
ssed
22
July
201
6 ht
tps:
//w
pan.
wor
dpre
ss.c
om/2
016/
07/1
8/pa
puan
-‐st
uden
ts-‐in
-‐yog
yaka
rta-‐
endu
re-‐r
acist
-‐insu
lts-‐
mul
tiple
-‐arr
ests
-‐in-‐t
wo-‐
day-‐
siege
/, a
cces
sed
22
July
201
6 ht
tp:/
/ww
w.c
nnin
done
sia.
com
/nas
iona
l/201
6071
7064
356-‐
20-‐1
4518
9/ki
sah-‐
AT THE PACIF IC ISLAND FORUM AND MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP
A HISTORIC CHOICE: WEST PAPUA, HUM
AN RIGHTS AND PACIFIC DIPLOMACY
68
WHEN
WHERE
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
NAM
E)
PERP
ETRA
TOR (BY
INSTITUTION)
VICTIM
/SURV
IVOR’S
DETAILS
SUMMAR
Y OF WHAT
HAP
PENED
BA
CKGRO
UND
SOURC
E
“woo
den
[clu
bs],
crow
bars
and
oth
er
shar
p ob
ject
s".
mah
asisw
a-‐pa
pua-‐
di-‐
yogy
a-‐du
a-‐ha
ri-‐te
rkur
ung-‐
di-‐a
sram
a/, a
cces
sed
22
July
201
6 ht
tp:/
/ww
w.p
irepo
rt.o
rg/
artic
les/
2016
/07/
20/in
don
esia
n-‐po
lice-‐
criti
cize
d-‐ra
cism
-‐exc
essiv
e-‐fo
rce-‐
agai
nst-‐
wes
t-‐pa
puan
-‐st
uden
ts, a
cces
sed
22 Ju
ly
2016
By Dr Jason MacLeod, Rosa Moiwend and Jasmine Pilbrow
Back Cover: Imbi Square, Jayapura/Port Numbay, West Papua, June 2000Photo: Andrew Kilvert