A+ Guidetto Managing PC PC M Maaiinnteennaannccee annd d ...
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1 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC Fifth Edition Chapter 1 Introducing Hardware PC Maintenance and PC Maintenance and Basic Troubleshooting Basic Troubleshooting 2 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition You Will Learn… l That a computer requires both hardware and software to work l About the many different hardware components inside and connected to a computer LCS, SSC-INHS 2007
Transcript of A+ Guidetto Managing PC PC M Maaiinnteennaannccee annd d ...
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A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PCFifth Edition
Chapter 1
Introducing Hardware
PC Maintenance and PC Maintenance and Basic TroubleshootingBasic Troubleshooting
2A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
You Will Learn…
l That a computer requires both hardware and software to work
l About the many different hardware components inside and connected to a computer
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Hardware Needs Software to Workl Hardware
u Physical components of a computer
u Visible part of a system
l Software u Set of instructions that directs hardware to
accomplish a task
u The intelligence
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Functions of a Computer
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Binary Communication Between Hardware and Software
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Binary Number System
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PC Hardware Components
l Outside computer case: input/output devices
l Inside the case: processing and storageu CPU – most important component
l Requirements of a hardware deviceu Method for CPU to communicate with it
u Software to instruct and control it
u Electricity to power it
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Hardware Used for Input and Outputl Connects to computer case by ports (eg, serial,
parallel, USB, game, keyboard, mouse)l Popular input devices:
u Keyboardu Mouse
l Popular output devices:u Monitoru Printer
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Ports
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Input Devices
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Output Devices
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Hardware Inside the Case
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Motherboard Componentsl Processing
u CPU (most important)u Chip set
l Temporary storageu RAMu Cache memory
l Electrical systemu Power supply
connections
l Communication with other devicesu Tracesu Expansion slotsu System clock
l Programming/setup datau Flash ROMu CMOS setup chip
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The Motherboard
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The Motherboard (continued)
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The CPU
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The Chip Set
l Controls most activities on the motherboard
l Includes several device controllers
u USB controller
u Memory controller
u IDE controller
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The Chip Set (continued)
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Storage Devices
l Temporary (primary storage, or memory)
u Temporarily holds data and instructions while processing them
u Faster to access than permanent storage
l Permanent (secondary storage)
u Data and instructions must be copied into primary storage (RAM) for processing
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Primary and Secondary Storage
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Primary Storage Devices
l Memory, or RAM, located on motherboard and other circuit boards
u Volatile versus nonvolatile (or ROM) memory
l Types of boards that hold memory chips
u SIMMs
u DIMMs
u RIMMs
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RAM Chips
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Types of RAM Modules
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Secondary Storage Devices
l Hard drives
l CD-ROM drives
l DVD drives
l Zip drives
l Floppy drives
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Hard Drive
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EIDE Technology
l Used by most hard drives, CD-ROM drives, and DVD drives
l Can accommodate up to four EIDE devices on one system
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IDE Connectors on a Motherboard
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IDE Connectors on a Motherboard (continued)
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IDE Connectors on a Motherboard
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Hard Drive’s Power Supply
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Floppy Drive Connection
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Floppy Drive Connection (continued)
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CD-ROM Drive Connection
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Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices
l The data bus
u System of pathways used for communication and the protocol and methods used for transmission
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The Bus and Bus Lines
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Data Bus
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System Clock
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Clock Speed
l Of motherboard
u Measured in megahertz (MHz)
l Of CPU
u Measured in gigahertz (GHz)
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Expansion Slots
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Types of Expansion Slots
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Interface (Expansion) Cards
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Interface (Expansion) Cards (continued)
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The Electrical System
l Power supply
u Most important component of computer’s electrical system
u Converts/reduces electricity to voltage the computer can handle
u Runs a fan directly from electrical output voltage to cool inside of computer case
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The Electrical System (continued)
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The Electrical System (continued)
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Instructions Stored on the Motherboardl ROM BIOS (most are flash ROM)
u System BIOS
u Startup BIOS
u CMOS setup
l Motherboard BIOS supports ACPI, APM, and Plug and Play technologiesLCS, SSC-INHS 2007
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ROM BIOS Chip
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Motherboard Configuration Settingsl CMOS chip
u Stores setup (configuration) information
u Powered by a battery on motherboard when power is off
l Setup information can also be set by jumpers and DIP switches
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CMOS Configuration Chip
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Setting Jumpers
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Using DIP Switches
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