Oils & Fats

A GENERALINTRODUCTIONTO ANTIOXIDANTS

GRINDOX™ Antioxidantsand GUARDIAN® Rosemary Extract

Oils & Fats

•Why is it a problem?

•What is lipid oxidation?

•How can it be controlled?

•Antioxidants

types and

functions

•Technical service

•Literature

Contents

Oils & Fats

Why is oxidation a problem?

• changes in colour, aroma and flavour

• influence on nutritional value

• can be a health risk

Why useantioxidants?

Why is it a problem?

What is lipid oxidation?

How can it be

controlled?

Oils & Fats

What is lipid oxidation?

Free radicals

Initiators

Fat, oilFree radicals Aldehydes,

ketones,acids, etc.

Peroxides

Oxygen

PolymersVicious circle:

Oils & Fats

How can it be controlled?

By having control of:

• temperature• light• oxygen • metals• time

• Optimum use of antioxidants

Why useantioxidants?

Why is it a problem?

What is lipid oxidation?

How can it be

controlled?

Oils & Fats

Why use antioxidants?

Antioxidants

• delay oxidation

• prolong shelf life

Why useantioxidants?

Oils & Fats

What does an antioxidant do?

A•

O•

OH

L•

LHUnreactive antioxidant radical

Lipid radical

AntioxidantAH

Repaired lipid

Why useantioxidants?

Oils & Fats

Three types of antioxidant

Antioxidants are generally divided into three types:

Antioxidants

BHA, BHT, propyl gallate, TBHQ

Ascorbyl palmitate, tocopherols

Rosemary extract

Antioxidant types

Traditional antioxidants

Vitamin-basedantioxidants

Rosemary extract

Regulatory status (generally)

Restricted use in foods. Typically max. 100-200 ppm. TBHQ not permittedin the EU

Generally permitted in many foods as GMP/q.s.

Natural flavouring

Oils & Fats

Danisco sells blends

Benefits of blends

Benefits

Delay lipid oxidation, prolong shelf life and ensure consistent quality

Prevent metal ions from acting as initiators of oxidation processes

Liquid product can be pumpedin-line

Uniform distribution ofantioxidant

Oil-soluble

Water-dispersible

Powder

Ingredient

One or more antioxidants

Components

Antioxidant

Chelator

Carrier

Citric acid, citric acid ester

Emulsifiers, vegetable oil, propylene glycol, maltodextrin

Oils & Fats

Danisco blends - product examples

Oils and fats10% ascorbyl palmitate, 10% tocopherols

GRINDOX™ 539

Oils and fats, refined as well as crude

20% TBHQ, 10% citric acid

GRINDOX™ 204

Antioxidants

types and

function

Oils & Fats

GRINDOX™ 204 (20% TBHQ, 10% citric acid)

inhibits hydroperoxide development in margarine

Table margarineHydroperoxide development at 5°C

0

5

10

15

20

0 1 2 4 5 6 7 9.5 10 12 13Months

Pero

xide

val

ue (m

eq/k

g oi

l)

Nothing added 1000 ppm GRINDOX™ 204

Oils & Fats

Rosemary extract

•Extract from the leaves of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)

•Regulatory status: flavouring, not antioxidant

Antioxidants

types and

function

Oils & Fats

GUARDIAN® Rosemary Extract - product examples

Rosemary extract (5% phenolic diterpenes) + carrier

PowderGUARDIANRosemary Extract 11

Rosemary extract (5% phenolic diterpenes) + carrier

Liquid, water-dispersible

GUARDIANRosemary Extract 09

Rosemary extract (5% phenolic diterpenes) + carrier

Liquid, oil-solubleGUARDIANRosemary Extract 08

COMPOSITIONFORM AND SOLUBILITY

PRODUCT

• Natural extract with antioxidant properties• Standardised antioxidant activity• Formulated carrier systems

Oils & Fats

GUARDIAN® Rosemary Extract

L ife E x te n s io n (R a n c im a t™ 1 1 0 ° C ) L a r d v e r s u s P h e n o l ic D i te r p e n e s in R o s e m a r y E x t r a c t

0

5 0

1 0 0

1 5 0

2 0 0

2 5 0

3 0 0

3 5 0

0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0

P h e n o l ic D i te r p e n e s (p p m )

% L

ife E

xten

sion

Oils & Fats

Ideally an antioxidant should

•be easy to handle and use

•be permitted by local food regulations

•have no impact on the aroma, flavour or colour of the oil

•be effective in low concentrations

Antioxidants

types and

function

Oils & Fats

Technical service

Technical service

Our technical service comprises:

• quality and stability tests

• application knowledge

• technical literature

• tailor-made customer solutions

Oils & Fats

Quality and stability tests

In our laboratory we can perform quality and stability tests on all kinds of products, e.g.

Oxidograph™ Oxipres™ Rancimat™

Thermostatic heating blockand magneticstirrer

Transducer

Recorder

Transducer

Recorder

Glass jar with loose glass lid

Stainless steel bomb (with lid and per-pendiculartube)

Thermo-static heating block

Reactionvessel

Flowmeter

Conductivitysignal amplifierand 6-channelpoint recorder

Absorption vessel containing distilled water and double platinum foil electrodes

Aluminium heating block

Oils & Fats

Technical literature

• Lipid oxidation and GRINDOX™ Antioxidants: TM 16, 25, 26• Test methods for lipid oxidation: TM 24• GUARDIAN® Rosemary Extract: TM 36• Oils and fats: TM 1513• Bakery products: TMs 36, 1033• Meat and poultry: TM 36 • Potato flakes: TMs 1008, 1032• Table margarine: TM 1532

Technical service

Oils & Fats

Antioxidant staff in Brabrand, Denmark

Product division• Jørgen Sørensen,

Product Manager• Mie Svidt,

Product Service

Innovation• Torben Isak, Senior

Application Manager Areas: South America, Mexico, Asia

• Anne-Mette Frost, Application Manager Areas: Europe

Back-up Innovation• Inge Merethe Søe,

Laboratory Technician• Jette Svensson,

Secretary

Danisco A/SEdwin Rahrs Vej 38DK-8220 BrabrandTel: +45 89 43 50 00Fax: +45 86 25 10 77

Technical service

Oils & Fats

Danisco sells

GRINDOX™ Antioxidants

GUARDIAN® Rosemary Extract

ANTIOXIDANT BLENDS FOR ALL KINDS OF APPLICATION