A Design Model using Mutation Shape Emergence

HYUN-AH, CHOI and HAN-JONG, JUN

Focusing on mutational emergent shapes

Hanyang University, Department of Architectural Engineering

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

PART 1: Motivation & Purpose

PART 2: Mutation Shape Emergence

PART 3: Empirical Study

PART 4: Design Process Model

PART 5: Conclusion & Future work

Contents

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

1. Motivation & Purpose

1. Drawings and sketches produced in the design process would stimulate the transformations of thought to guide the creative thinking by providing various visual cues.

2. Those features which are not explicitly represented but emerge through design process are called ‘emergent’. These emergent features help to create a novel and different design.

3. The ability to recognize properties and characteristics of artefacts which were not anticipated in the early stage of design would be considered an important aspect of human visual perception in creative thinking.

4. This study aims at presenting a design model based on the cognitive mechanism discovering mutational emergent shapes as an extended theory of shape emergence.

5. Computational model of mutation shape emergence will be developed based on this design model.

2. Mutational Emergent Shapes

PrimaryShapes

Re-interpretation

Emergence

Emergent shape

Shape Emergence

Unintentional perception of patterns from the representation

Process of finding other shapes derivable from the initial shape

Shapes are present but unrecognized or implicit in the initial drawn shapes

New Shapes

Shape Emergence

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

2. Mutational Emergent Shapes

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

2-1. Definition

Gene

Mutation

Genetics

Design System

• The Phenomenon of genes changing at random.• A basic factor of hereditary diversity and evolution.

An action of changing features or attributes of an object or a concept in an unconventional manner

A mechanism that makes possible the creative thinking in the diversity of shapes’ discovery

BA C D E F

A B C D E F

XGene

Property

Mutation Mutant

New Phenotype

New ShapeShapes

Genetics

2. Mutational Emergent Shapes

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

2-1. Definition

Heterogeneous mutationalEmergent Shapes

Homogeneous mutationalEmergent Shapes

Mutation of physical properties occur but the new shape has heterogeneous representation from primary shape

Mutation of physical properties occur but the new shape has homogeneous representation of a primary shape

2. Mutational Emergent Shapes

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

2-2. Discovering Mutational Emergent Shapes

Discovering Process of Heterogeneous Mutational Emergent Shapes

Discovering Process of Homogeneous Mutational Emergent Shapes

2. Mutational Emergent Shapes

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

2-3. Classification of Emergent Shapes and Mutational Emergent shapes

(C) Mutational closed emergent shapes: shapes are both closed and discovered by mutation of physical properties of primary shapes.

(A) Explicit closed emergent shapes: shapes are both closed and existed in explicit properties of primary shapes

(B) Implicit closed emergent shapes: shapes are closed but not necessarily existed in explicit properties of primary shapes. These shapes can also be defined by extending lines and connecting vertices.

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

Purpose of experiment

To explore the possibility of discovering mutational emergentshapes in design process

Participant 7 participants who were graduate students of Department of Architecture

PrimaryShape

LaboratorySetting

3-1. Empirical Study 1

3. Empirical Studies

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

Procedure of Experiment

OutcomesExplanation

Of Experiment

Think AloudReports

RetrospectiveReports

10 Minutes

40 Minutes

Camera 1 Camera 2

Sketches

Verbal data

3-1. Empirical Study 1

3. Empirical Studies

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

Analyzing the first experimentation – Participant 3

09:30 Hmmm, This is..

09:35

09:40

09:45

09:50Ah, here comes quarter circle…

09:55I think this shape can be made using by quarter circle..

09:60 …

Time Think Aloud Reports Sketch

3-1. Empirical Study 1

3. Empirical Studies

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

Analyzing the first experimentation – Participant 5

3-1. Empirical Study 1

3. Empirical Studies

03:20Now how about starting with the rectangle..

03:25Now I find four points for mid points of segments if I draw a circle

03:30This new shape and this rectangle …

03:35We can make a shape with circle and rectangle

Time Think Aloud Reports Sketch

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

The purposeof experimentation

Participant 104 participants who are undergraduate or graduate students of school of Architecture

• To determine the degree of difficulty in recognizing the mutational emergent shapes• To analyze the cognitive process of mutational emergent shapes

15 Minutes

Sketches

Questionnaires

ExplanationOf

ExperimentationPreliminaries Outcomes

Degree ofDifficulty Test

Free SketchTest

3-2. Empirical Study 2

3. Empirical Studies

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

A. Degree of Difficulty Test

104 (Person)806040200

Problem Number

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Very Easy

Easy

Normal

Difficult

Very

Difficult

20 28 25 21 10

102 2

11 15 23 35 20

30 19 26 20 9

100 4

23 17 21 30 13

91 6 6 1

22 18 24 26 14

74 10 12 7 1

3-2. Empirical Study 2

3. Empirical Studies

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

B. Free Sketch Test

3-2. Empirical Study 2

3. Empirical Studies

HomogeneousMutationalEmergent

Shapes

HeterogeneousMutationalEmergent

Shapes

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

• Although mutational emergent shapes are not easy to discover as seen in the test on the

degree of difficulty, participants could analogize such shape by means of sketching. • Mutational emergent shapes are discovered resulting from mutation of the new properties

stemming from the primary shape.• Participants came up with new shapes by using implicit and/or explicit properties of

primary shapes such as mid points, contact points, angle points and n-section points.

• Participant 3 -> Center point• Participant 5 -> Contact Point

Empirical study 1 Empirical study 2

• Heterogeneous mutational emergent shape

• More difficult than from the explicit closed

• 8.9% of possibility to discover

• Able to distinguish to Homogeneous

and Heterogeneous Mutational Emergent

Shape

3-3. Results and Discussion

3. Empirical Studies

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

4. Process Model

Primary Shapes

De - structuring

Unstructured properties

Mutation ofproperties

Re-interpretation

Re-structuring

Emergentproperties

Mutational Emergent shapes

A process model of mutational emergent shape

< De-structuring of primary shape >

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

The process where new properties are discovered through multiple representation

The process of breaking down primary shape to individual properties based on intended representation

< Re-structuring of primary shape >

Unstructured properties

Mutation ofproperties

Re-interpretation

De-structuring

Mutational emergent shapes

Re-structuring

Emergent properties

Primary shapes

4. Process Model

Cyber Architecture Design Lab.

5. Conclusions and Future Work

1. Mutational emergent shapes are defined as extended theory of shape emergence.

2. Through the two empirical studies, we found out the facts that mutational emergent shape is discovered and adapted for the development of sketches in design. Additionally, its cognitive mechanism was analysed.

3. On the basis of cognitive mechanism, a process model of mutation shape emergence was suggested.

• Further research work is necessary to explore the design process at the practical level with the use of mutational emergent shapes.

• Concrete steps of representation of mutational emergent shapes should be suggested for computation of mutation shape emergence.