A COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT SOLAR RADIANCE SENSORS FOR PV APPLICATIONS Mavromatakis F., Franghiadakis...
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Transcript of A COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT SOLAR RADIANCE SENSORS FOR PV APPLICATIONS Mavromatakis F., Franghiadakis...
A COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT SOLAR RADIANCE SENSORS
FOR PV APPLICATIONS
Mavromatakis F., Franghiadakis Y., Chalampalakis G. and Vignola F.TEI of Crete &University of Oregon
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Solar Radiation Measurements
• PV performance monitoring• Resource assessment– Long term – Temporal – Nature (direct or diffuse)– Spectral distribution– Sunshine duration
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Pyranometer CMP11 PV modules Phaesun USP 10 Reference cell SI12TC
Data logger Campbell Sci. CR1000 Shunt resistances for current
measurements Thermocouples (TC)
Sensors and Hardware
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
The CMP11 pyranometer
Spectral range 285 to 2800 nmSensitivity 7 to 14 µV/W/m²Response time < 5 sZero offset A < 7 W/m²Zero offset B < 2 W/m²Directional error (up to 80° with 1000 W/m² beam) < 10 W/m²Temperature dependence of sensitivity (-10 ºC to +40 ºC)
< 1 %
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Used for solar irradiance measurements
The Reference cell1st Voltage output proportional to solar irradiance
2nd Voltage output linearly related to cell temperature
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
The Phaesun USP module
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Can a pv module be used as a solar sensor?
Calibrating a photovoltaic module
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
The Short Circuit Current of PV modules
Isc (Gt, Tc, AM, AOI) = ISTC [1+α (Tc-TSTC)] Gt/GSTC f1(AM) f2(AOI)
• Isc Instantaneous Short circuit current• ISTC Short circuit current at STC conditions• α Rate of change of ISTC with temperature• Tc Actual cell temperature• TSTC Reference cell temperature (25o C)• Gt Global irradiance• GSTC Reference global irradiance (1000 W/m2)
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Spectral effects
Spectra acquired by aLI1800 spectroradiometer at Heraklion, Crete. Typical cell spectral responses.
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Spectral effects
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Spectral effects
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Angular effects
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Data selection
Solar Irradiance, Gt > 50 W/m2
Angle of Incidence, AOI < 80o
Air Mass, AM < 10
Typically 450000 data points available for each tilt(1 minute data)
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Results
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Measured vs estimatedCMP11 and PV module (0o tilt angle)
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Horizontal level. CMP11 and PV module
76% of the values lie within ± HWHM (±0.02) 9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Measured : CMP11 and Ref cell (0o tilt angle)
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
FWHM :0.04
Measured : CMP11 and Ref cell (0o tilt angle)
Measured vs estimatedCMP11 and PV module cell (30o tilt angle)
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological and Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
FWHM: 0.04
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological and Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
PV = 0.99 * CMP11 + 12 at 0o tilt PV = 1.00 * CMP11
PV = 1.00 * CMP11 + 9 at 30o tilt PV = 1.02 * CMP11
REF = 0.93 * CMP11 - 5 at 0o tilt REF = 0.92 * CMP11
A byproduct of the data
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological and Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
How do the experimental data compare with those available from PV software ?
Solar Irradiation at the Horizontal Level
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Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Solar Irradiation at the tilted plane
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
PV Lab 30 tilt PVGIS 30 RETSCREEN 301966
kWh/m^22096
kWh/m^22110
kWh/m^2
Horizontal and Tilted solar irradiation
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Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Pyranometer data at the horizontal (0o) and the tilted plane (30o)
1830 kWh/m^2
1970 kWh/m^2
To be done
Thorough study of residuals as a function of various
parameters. Which affect the most?
Determine average cell temperatures at 0o and 30o
Determine monthly means and compare with
transposition models
Correlate instantaneous cell temperatures and
irradiances
9th International Conference on Deregulated Electricity Market issues in South Eastern Europe
Technological Educational Institute of CreteLaboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems