A Commonwealth Authority Maritime safety regulator Largely self funded Seven member Board
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MARITIME USE OF MARITIME USE OF GPSGPS
bybyMahesh Alimchandani Mahesh Alimchandani
Nautical AdvisorNautical AdvisorAustralian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA)Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA)
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A Commonwealth Authority
Maritime safety regulator
Largely self funded
Seven member Board
Approximately 200 staff
AMSA
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Provide for high standards of maritime safety
Prevent and combat ship-sourced marine pollution
Provide infrastructure to support safe navigation in Australian waters
Provide search & rescue services to maritime & aviation sectors
Primary roles of AMSA
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DGPS coverage
alongthe
Queensland Coast
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Search and Rescue
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GPS in Search and Rescue (SAR)
Effectiveness and efficiency of SAR operations
Accurate reporting and presentation of SAR
information (target location, drift etc.)
Use in GIS
Reduces incident costs
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GPS in marine pollution GPS in marine pollution prevention and responseprevention and response
Examples:
• Location, tracking & mapping of oil & chemical spills at sea and ashore.
• Accurate deployment of spill & vessel emergency response equipment.
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GPS in marine pollution GPS in marine pollution prevention and responseprevention and response
Examples (contd.) :
• Determination of jurisdictional responsibility in maritime zones.
• Display of spatial data e.g. environmental resources under threat from pollution.
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GPS/GIS systems employed Hand held GPS systems
(Palm top IPAQ) Desktop Geographic
Information Systems (ArcView & Arc GIS)
Development of National Oil Spill Response Atlas (GIS)
Satellite tracking of buoys (spill movement)
Airborne & satellite surveillance (investigations and enforcement)
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Automatic and autonomous transmission
exchange of information such as ship name, position, speed and course over ground
VHF maritime band - 2 designated channels
communication in broadcast mode - everybody can “see” each other
based on the’ 4S’ principle - Ship to Ship and Ship to Shore communications, using STDMA (Self Organising Time Division Multiple Access)
High capacity - over 2000 position reports/min
Universal AIS - Basic Features
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AIS-functional requirements ship-to-ship mode for
collision avoidance as a means for littoral
States to obtain information about a ship and its cargo
as a VTS tool (traffic management)
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AIS - principles of STDMA
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Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS)
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Chart Database
Chart Updates
Vessel’s Dimensions and
Manoeuvring Characteristics Log Speed
Compass HeadingRadar:: - - Video / ARPA
1020 30 40
50
KTS
GPS/Radio Navaid
Echo Sounder
AIS / VTMS
Real-time Tides
Weather,,Ice Forecasts
NavigationRecord
Automatic Alarms /
WarningsContinuous, Automatic,
Route Monitoring
NavigationTools
Route Planning / Checking
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ECDIS
Strictly regulated (via SOLAS) Integrated navigation displayAutomatic route monitoringUses official electronic chartsAutomatic, regular chart updates
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Strategic Plan for Navigational Systems in
Australian waters SOLAS obligation Set with a ten-year outlook Key elements of the Plan:
Existing network to service current requirements
Develop systems to sustain future performance
Transparency to industry for levies spent
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Future systems Assessed using contemporary risk
management practices Must respond to changes in:
Shipping patterns
Technology
Community expectations
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CONCLUSION Australia’s uniqueness (small population,
large coastline, heavily dependent on seaborne trade).
Australia’s on-going challenge:
enhancements in environment protection and safety standards versus the safe and efficient movement of vessels.
Continue to be innovative and seek cost – effective solutions.