A Character Based Communication System as a Universal Design, Especially for the Visually and the...
-
Upload
benedict-willis -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
description
Transcript of A Character Based Communication System as a Universal Design, Especially for the Visually and the...
A Character Based A Character Based CommunicationCommunication System as a Universal Design, System as a Universal Design,
Especially for Especially for the the VisuallyVisually and the and the HearingHearing Impaired Impaired
Hiroki MinagawaHiroki Minagawa, , Makoto KobayashiMakoto KobayashiTomoyuki Nishioka, Shigeki MiyoshiTomoyuki Nishioka, Shigeki Miyoshi
Tsukuba College of TechnologyTsukuba College of TechnologyJapanJapan
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 22
PurposePurpose
Equivalent communication environmentEquivalent communication environment for any personsfor any personsespecially for the especially for the visuallyvisually and the and the hearinghearing
impairedimpaired
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 33
ApproachApproach
Analysis of human communication on Analysis of human communication on computer networkcomputer networkInformation flowInformation flowHuman interactionHuman interaction
SIRCC (Speaking IRC Client)SIRCC (Speaking IRC Client)Makoto KobayashiMakoto Kobayashi
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 44
Communication ExperimentCommunication Experiment
AimAimAnalysis of network communication
MethodMethodChatChat
Division for visually impairedDivision for visually impairedDivision for hearing impairedDivision for hearing impaired
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 55
Subject Client software
Totally blind SIRCCVisuallyimpaired Weak eyesight SIRCC
SIRCCMicrosoft Chat
(Character mode)Hearing impairedMicrosoft Chat(Comic mode)
Subjects and Client SoftwareSubjects and Client Software
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 66
Results 1: AccessibilityResults 1: AccessibilityThree Three hearing impairedhearing impaired subjects: subjects:
Accessible via any Accessible via any visual interfacevisual interfaceA A totally blindtotally blind subject: subject:
Accessible by means of Accessible by means of hearing synthetic hearing synthetic voicevoice and and typing keyboardtyping keyboard
A A weak-sightedweak-sighted subject: subject:Accessible by means of Accessible by means of adjusting the color of adjusting the color of
characters, the contrast and the sizecharacters, the contrast and the size, and , and hearing synthetic voicehearing synthetic voice
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 77
Results 2: ErrorsResults 2: ErrorsHuman errorsHuman errors
Key typingKey typing error errorSystem operationSystem operation error error
System errorsSystem errorsCharacter codingCharacter coding error error
IME ( Input Method Editor )IME ( Input Method Editor )Voice synthesizingVoice synthesizing error error
Screen readerScreen reader
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 88
Results 3: Time lagResults 3: Time lagThree Three hearing impairedhearing impaired subjects: subjects:
ShortShortNo division among No division among threethree hearing impairedhearing impaired
subjectssubjectsTwo Two visually impairedvisually impaired subjects: subjects:
Long (because of Long (because of system operationsystem operation))Some division between Some division between visually impairedvisually impaired
and and hearing impairedhearing impaired subjects subjects
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 99
Result 4: System collisionResult 4: System collision
Collision of Collision of voice synthesizervoice synthesizer control controlVoice feedbackVoice feedback for for system operationsystem operation of of
blind userblind userVoiceVoice of of other users’ messageother users’ message
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 1010
ConsiderationConsideration
Data flow modelData flow model of of human communicationhuman communication on computer networkon computer network
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 1111
Case 1Case 1Windows user - Windows userWindows user - Windows user
Windowsuser
hands
eye
Windowsuser
eye
hands
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 1212
Windowsuser
hands
eye
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
Case 1Case 1Windows user - Windows userWindows user - Windows user
putputputput
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 1313
Case 1Case 1Windows user - Windows userWindows user - Windows user
Windowsuser
hands
eye
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
send receive
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 1414
Case 1Case 1Windows user - Windows userWindows user - Windows user
Windowsuser
hands
eye
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
get
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 1515
Case 1Case 1Windows user - Windows userWindows user - Windows user
put
Windowsuser
hands
eye
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
put
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 1616
Windowsuser
hands
eye
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
Case 1Case 1Windows user - Windows userWindows user - Windows user
sendreceive
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 1717
Case 1Case 1Windows user - Windows userWindows user - Windows user
get
Windowsuser
hands
eye
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 1818
Case 1Case 1Windows user - Windows userWindows user - Windows user
Windowsuser
hands
eye
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 1919
Case 2Case 2Screen reader user - Windows userScreen reader user - Windows user
screen readeruser
hands
ear
Windowsuser
eye
hands
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 2020
put
screen readeruser
hands
ear
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
Case 2Case 2Screen reader user - Windows userScreen reader user - Windows user
putputput
screenreader
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 2121
screen readeruser
hands
ear
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
screenreader
Case 2Case 2Screen reader user - Windows userScreen reader user - Windows user
send receive
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 2222
Case 2Case 2Screen reader user - Windows userScreen reader user - Windows user
get
screen readeruser
hands
ear
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
screenreader
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 2323
screen readeruser
hands
ear
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
screenreader
Case 2Case 2Screen reader user - Windows userScreen reader user - Windows user
putput
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 2424
screen readeruser
hands
ear
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
screenreader
Case 2Case 2Screen reader user - Windows userScreen reader user - Windows user
sendreceive
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 2525
Case 2Case 2Screen reader user - Windows userScreen reader user - Windows user
get
screen readeruser
hands
ear
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
screenreader
get
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 2626
Case 2Case 2Screen reader user - Windows userScreen reader user - Windows user
screen readeruser
hands
ear
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
screenreader
system error(IME)
human error(operation)
system error(screen reader)human error
(hearing)human error(operation)
human error(reading)
time lag (long) time lag (short)
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 2727
Case 2Case 2Screen reader user - Windows userScreen reader user - Windows user
screen readeruser
hands
ear
Windowsuser
eye
hands
WindowsPC
WindowsPC
screenreader
collision of system resource
collision of human hearing resource
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 2828
ConclusionConclusion
CommunicationCommunication experiment among experiment among the the visuallyvisually and the and the hearinghearing impaired impaired on on computer networkcomputer network
Data flow modelData flow model of human of human communication on computer networkcommunication on computer network
19 July 200019 July 2000 ICCHP 2000 - Hiroki MinagawaICCHP 2000 - Hiroki Minagawa 2929
Future research subjectsFuture research subjects
Computational modelsComputational models of network of network communicationcommunicationSpecifying the Specifying the parametersparameters
Error ratesError rates at each step at each stepTime lagTime lag at each operation at each operation
Influence Influence of such parameters on of such parameters on human human behaviorbehavior
Computational models of Computational models of other other communication communication (e.g. sign language)(e.g. sign language)