A Call to Arms Coach Medford Building History Champions.
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Transcript of A Call to Arms Coach Medford Building History Champions.
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A Call to Arms
Coach MedfordBuilding History Champions
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Objectives
• Describe the consequences of the numerous conflicts and how it motivated colonial leaders and others to act
• Identify the Founders and recognize their contributions
• Evaluate the battles of Lexington and Concord• Compare the points of view held by the
Patriots and Loyalists
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Thoughts
• Thoughts about the video clip
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Questions
• What role did individuals play in the movement towards independence
• What are the beliefs of the Loyalists and the Patriots
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Continental Congress
• September 1774 – 55 delegates meet in Philadelphia
• Meeting to set up a governing body to challenge the British
• 12 of 13 colonies attend, Georgia did not• Patrick Henry wants the colonies to unite • “The distinctions between Virginians,
Pennsylvanians, New Yorkers and New Englanders are no more. I am not a Virginian, but an American.” – Patrick Henry
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Philadelphia Capital Building 1774
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Delegates Vote
• Call for a repeal of 13 acts of Parliament• Believe laws violate “laws of nature, the
principles of the English constitution and several charters”
• Boycott all trade with Britain • Endorse Suffolk Resolve in all colonies• Suffolk Resolve – prepared the people of
Massachusetts to organize militias
How is Britain going to react to this vote?
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Colonial Militias
• Militia trains with each other • Practice using muskets and cannons• Towns begin to store ammunitions and arms• Minutemen – ready to fight in a minute –
better trained militia
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British Troops Arrive
• April 1775 – thousands of troops arrive in Boston area
• British General Gage orders the seize of all weapons
• Gage learns militia stores arms in Concord• Orders Lt. Col. Smith “to Concord, where you
will seize and destroy all the artillery and ammunitions you can find.”
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British Moving into the Countryside
• April 18, 1775 – British start to move out of Boston
• Dr. Warren alerts Paul Revere and William Dawes, members of the Sons of Liberty
• Paul Revere lights the lanterns at the Old North Church and begins his ride
• Paul Revere is captured along the way• Doubtful he was yelling “The redcoats are
coming.”
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Paul Reverse’s Ride
What a great name
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Lexington and Concord
• British begin march to Concord• About 70 minutemen are waiting for them in
Lexington • Shots fired, 8 minutemen die• British continue to Concord• More militia waiting at the North Bridge• British suffer heavy losses and retreat to
Boston
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Battle of Lexington and Concord
Why did British troops march to Concord?
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War Continues
• After Lexington and Concord, armed conflicts spread quickly
• Captain Benedict Arnold of Connecticut militia, raises a force to seize Fort Ticonderoga
• Arnold meets up with Ethan Allen from Vermont and together their forces, Green Mountain Boys, take the fort
• Fort was rich in supplies
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Benedict Arnold
• Becomes a traitor to the Patriots• Sells secrets to the British • When his crime become known, he leads
forces for the British against the colonists
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Battle of Bunker Hill
• After Lexington and Concord more colonists join the militia
• 20,000 militia in Boston• June 16, 1775, militia commander Colonel
Prescott sets up post on Bunker and Breed's Hill
• British charge Breed’s Hill on June 17Do you know of other times in history when large amounts of citizens have joined the military to defend America?
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Battle for the Breed’s Hill
• Low on powder, Prescott says “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes.”
• With bayonets drawn, they defend three charges of the British
• With no powder left, Prescott orders the retreat• Technically a British victory because they took
the field• 1,000 British troops die
What did the British learn from the Battle of Bunker Hill?
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Which Side to Choose
• Remain loyal to Britain or join the rebels• Loyalists, those who sided with Britain, did not
believe the actions of the crown warranted a war• People who supported the war, Patriots, believed
the colonists had the right to govern themselves• Patriots become determine to fight until
independence is achieved
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The War
• The War is not just for independence of the colonies
• It is a civil war between Loyalists and Patriots
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• Predict what might have happened if the British would have won at Concord?
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Fill in the following chart
Patriots Loyalists
Define each group and what they believed. What were they fighting for?
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Review Questions
• How did the support for the Suffolk Resolves by the Continental Congress push the colonies closer to war?
• What role did Benedict Arnold play in both helping and hurting the American cause?
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Exit Ticket
• “The distinctions between Virginians, Pennsylvanians, New Yorkers and New Englanders are no more. I am not a Virginian, but an American.” – Patrick Henry
• Some historians believe this quote changed how the colonists looked at themselves. This was one of the first times that they united as AMERICANS.
• Write a paragraph on how this quote could unite the colonists as AMERICANS