A BRIEF REVIEW OF BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICAL Part I. … · All the geophysical logging data are...

A BRIEF REVIEW OF BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING ACTIVITIES IN ARMENIA:

Part I. Geophysical Logs from Coal Exploration boreholes of the Antaramut-Kurtan-Dzoragukh Coal Field, North-Central Armenia

Part n. Geophysical Logs from Non-Coal Exploration Boreholes

Part III. Archival Geophysical Logs from Various Exploration Boreholes throughout the Republic of Armenia

U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-561

1999

Brenda S. Pierce1 and Grigor Grigorian2

1 U.S. Geological Survey, 956 National Center, Reston, VA 20192; [email protected] Ministry of Environment, Geocomplex Government Closed Joint Stock Co.,

47 Tblisian Road, Yerevan, Armenia; [email protected]

This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

INTRODUCTION

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), with funding from the U.S. Agency for International

Development (US AID), provided technical assistance to the Republic of Armenia (RA) to assess

the country's potential coal resources. Exploration drilling and borehole geophysical logging

were integral parts of this technical assistance known as the Coal Exploration and Resource

Assessment Program of Armenia.

Specific activities in this regard included:

1. Geophysical logging of boreholes drilled in Armenia in the past four years, for coal and

other mineral deposits (salt, water, non-ferrous metals). Twenty-sk boreholes were geophysically

logged in the Antaramut-Kurtan-Dzoragukh coal deposit, one hole was logged in the Ijevan coal

deposit, and eight non-coal exploration boreholes were logged in other areas of Armenia.

2. Creation of a new database including digitizing archival geophysical logs for Armenia,

with borehole coordinates and elevations, and geology of the holes. The work is still in progress,

as the number of boreholes is large. There are approximately 3,500 logs in the archives and the

work contained here represents about 3 percent of those geophysical logs.

PARTI ANTARAMUT-KURTAN-DZORAGUKH COAL FIELD

Study Area

As part of the Coal Exploration and Resource Assessment Program, the USGS conducted

exploration drilling in the Antaramut-Kurtan-Dzoragukh coal field in north-central Armenia

1

between May 1997 and June 1999. This coal deposit lies approximately 15 km north of the town

of Vanadzor (fig. 1).

Methods

As part of the Coal Exploration Program, prior to exploration drilling, the USGS installed

computerized (Century Geophysical) geophysical logging equipment in the Republic of Armenia.

The purpose of the borehole logging activities was to help determine core loss, define

stratigraphic horizons, especially for non-cored holes, and aid in geologic correlation. All of these

factors are important in the exploration and assessment of the coal resources of Armenia. The

following set of borehole geophysical logs were routinely run on most of the boreholes drilled:

Gamma Gamma Density

Natural Gamma

Spontaneous Potential

Resistivity

Caliper

There were three geophysical probes used. The caliper tool is a three arm probe used to

measure the diameter of the borehole. The multifunction tool measures, in a single run, the

natural gamma, spontaneous potential, single point resistance, 16-inch and 64-inch normal

resistivity, 48-inch lateral resistivity, fluid resistivity, temperature, and differential temperature.

The compensated density tool records apparent bulk density of the formation, natural gamma,

caliper, and short guard resistivity. The sampling interval is 2 cm.

A NaJ crystal was used as a detector of natural gamma activity. The tool was standardized

(the microroentgen/hour to counts-per-second conversion factor was determined), allowing one

to compare the data obtained using the American equipment with those obtained earlier using

Soviet equipment. A Ra226 source was used for standardization.

The spontaneous potential tool measures electrical potential between an electrode at some

depth in the borehole and a surface electrode grounded in the mud pit. Resistivity was measured

using long- and short-normal tools, with AM electrode spacing of about 40 cm (16 inches) and

162 cm (64 inches), respectively. Density was measured using a 125 millicurie Cs137 source. The

response was detected by a NaJ crystal located adjacent to (14.9 cm) and distant from (30.9 cm)

the gamma ray source (this is necessary to reject, by software means, rays directly emanating from

the gamma source). Temperature (°C) was measured using a thermocouple.

All coal boreholes drilled as part of the USGS exploration drilling were geophysically

logged immediately upon completion of drilling. Locations of the boreholes are found in figure 2.

Results

Although 32 sites were drilled as part of the exploration of the Antaramut-Kurtan-

Dzoragukh Coal Field, some of the sites were twin holed, using a combination of rotary and core

drilling methods. A few of the holes were abandoned due to technical difficulties, and if the hole

was too shallow to be useful, we did not geophysically log the hole. A total of 26 boreholes were

logged and these geophysical logs are found in Appendix 1 of this report. A complete list of

borehole descriptions can be found in Pierce and others (1999).

There are some holes with textbook examples of coal bed geophysical log response.

Examples of these textbook responses include boreholes 4C (73 m), ISA (122 m and 138 m),

24A (98 m), 26A (41 m and 44 m), and 28A (117 m and 136 m) (Appendix 1).

In addition, a table showing the physical parameters of the Antaramut-Kurtan-Dzoragukh

rocks was made based on the results of geophysical logging. The table represents the average

physical characteristics of the majority of the rocks in the region.

Average Physical Characteristics of Rocks in the Antaramut-Kurtan-Dzoragukh Coal Field

Rock type

Sandstone

Tuffaceous sandstone

Clay shale

Claystone (mudstone)

Tuff breccia

Coal

Resistivity ohm- m

10

12

ned*

10

20

ned*

Radioactivity CPS(uR/h)

170(20)

130(15)

65(10)

ned*

100(13)

75(9)

Density g/cm3

2

2.2

1.8

2.2

2.3

1.3

*ned = not enough data to give an average response

PARTH

NON-COAL BOREHOLES

Also during the past four years, the RA Ministry of Environment has drilled some

boreholes for salt, water, copper and other non-ferrous metals. These boreholes were also

geophysically logged, using the same equipment as described above. The methods described

above pertain to these geophysical logs as well. Eight non-coal boreholes were logged and the

results of this work can be found in Appendix 2 of this report.

PARTm ARCHIVAL GEOPHYSICAL DATABASE

Introduction and Brief Background of Soviet Geopysical Logging Techniques

Boreholes have been geophysically logged regularly in Armenia since 1950. In Soviet

years, all boreholes were geophysically logged, regardless of the type of the deposit. The

following standard suite of borehole geophysical logs were recorded:

Resistivity

Spontaneous Potential

Natural Gamma

Because of sporadic high noise level on the SP, resistivity, and Induced Polarization logs

in Armenia, such measurements were historically carried out using mainly gradient tools (that is,

when both M and N electrodes are down in the hole). The A2M0.25N probe (A-M is 2 m and M-

N is 0.25 m) was a standard probe used in Armenia to measure resistivity. Spontaneous potential

was also measured using gradient probes (specifically M0.25N (where M-N is 0.25 m)). For a

detailed discussion on Soviet logging methods, see Fedynski (1978; 1983).

NaJ(Tl) crystals were used as detectors for the measurement of Natural Gamma radiation.

The probes were standardized and calibrated, and the performance of the photomultipliers was

checked. In addition, the probes' sensitivity threshold was checked once a year. A Ra226 source

was used for the standardization of probes. In order to determine proper probe performance, the

differences between the natura^ackground and control sources (Co60) were measured before and

after each use to ensure they were the same.

Depending on the geological tasks or type of the deposit, additional methods were also

used: Induced Polarization, Roentgen-Radiometry, Gamma-Gamma Density, Inclinometry,

Temperature, Magnetometery, Fluid Resistivity, and Flowmetry (using thermoinductive

flowmeters). Starting from mid 1980's, the Partial Metal Extraction Method ("TOM or ChIM)

was also tested. This is a method to determine the percentage content of a specific metal in a

specific area. This is a direct method for searching for gold and other elements. Cd109 and Cs137

sources were used for Roentgen-Radiometry and Gamma-Gamma Density measurements,

respectively. Temperature-sensitive resistors were used for Temperature measurements. The

inclinometer's accuracy for azimuth and angular measurements was + 5° and + 30 minutes,

respectively. Magnetometry was used to measure AZ and anomalous AT.

Induced Polarization was measured by gradient probes (MN = 10 m or MN = 20m). One

of the electrodes (the current-return electrode, labeled B) was implanted at an "infinite" distance

from the hole (at least three times the hole's depth), and the other (the current-emitting electrode,

labeled A) was placed either by the hole's mouth or down in the bottom of the hole, while two

other electrodes (M and N) were located on the probe. This method is used for finding ore bodies

located near a borehole.

By "Azimuthal Surveying" (a modification of the Induced Polarization method) the

location of the ore body near a borehole, but not cut by the borehole, was determined. In this

method, the current-emitting electrode (A) is placed at various positions in a radius around the

borehole on the surface in order to locate the position of the ore body.

When an ore body of unknown orientation is encountered while drilling, the Charge-

Induced Polarization method is used to help determine the lateral extent and direction of the ore

body. The A electrode is placed into the hole and the M and N electrodes are placed at various

distances away from the borehole in order to build profiles to help determine the extent of the ore

body.

Starting in the mid-1980's, the borehole version of the method of Irreversible Processes of

Artificially Induced Polarization was used in the USSR for the first time. This is a variation of the

Induced Polarization method, but rather than run measurements every 0.5 seconds as done in the

normal IP method, measurements are taken incrementally, increasing every 0.02 seconds to 1.0

second, resulting in at least 10 measurements per point. This method is particularly useful for

some metals, such as molybdenum, which is undetectable by regular IP methods. But, more

importantly, if the body of interest is pyritized, this method discards 90 percent of pyritization

interference, which the standard IP method does not.

Methods

All the geophysical logging data are currently stored in the Geophysical Expedition of the

RA Ministry of Environment and their maintenance has become a problem in the last few years.

Digitizing the data helped solve the problem of the imminent decay of these data and allowed for

categorization of the holes by regions. The following steps were taken in computerizing the data

and building the database:

The archival geophysical log curves were computerized using a digitizer, whereas the text

part of the logs was computerized using a scanner.

The coordinates, elevations, and geology of holes were found, where possible, checked

and corrected.

The geophysical logs were plotted in a standard format using the new computer programs.

The archival geophysical logs did not have locality coordinates or elevations attached to

them as part of the raw data. For these, we needed to cross reference each report in which the

geophysical log appeared. However, many of the geophysical logs never appeared in any report

and exact locality coordinates are still considered government proprietary in Armenia. Thus, the

best we can do is report the general region of the borehole, report which RA Ministry

Expedition's Party logged the hole, for what purpose the borehole was drilled, and the date

logged. Each Ministry Expedition Party is responsible for logging in a specific geographic

territory and therefore, a borehole logged by a certain Expedition Party will be found only in a

specific area. A map showing the general regions that each Party is responsible for is found in

figure 3. In addition, all of the attached archival logs in Appendix 3, have the names of the closest

village to the borehole. Most of the boreholes, and therefore the geophysical logs, are within

approximately a 5 km radius of the village named on each log. The date on each log is in the

format of month/day/year.

Even though we can not provide specific coordinates for these geophysical logs,

publication of these logs provides a means of preserving these data. In addition, many of these

raw data do not appear in any other text or format. For those that might be interested in using

these geophysical logs for exploration or other purposes, exact localities are available from the

Republic of Armenia Ministry of Environment or Geophysical Expedition after filing appropriate

applications.

8

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Gaggik Papian for translating the draft copies of this manuscript

between Armenian and English for the two authors and for facilitating discussions between them.

We also express our appreciation to Ruben Grigorian of the RA Ministry of Environment, Chief

of the Geophysical Expedition, for unflagging support throughout our project. We also thank

Rafael Mirijanian, of the RA Ministry of Energy, for his interest and helpful comments.

Selected Bibliography

Fedynski, V.V., 1978 [Borehole nuclear geophysics]: Nedra Press, Moscow, 247p. (In Russian.)

Fedynski, V.V., 1983 [Geophysical borehole logging methods]: Nedra Press, Moscow, 590 p. (In Russian.)

Grichukhin, V.V., 1980 [Investigations of coal-bearing formations by geophysical methods]: Nedra Press, Moscow, 360 p. (In Russian.)

Keys, W. Scott, 1990, Borehole Geophysics Applied to Ground-Water Investigations, in,Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey, Book 2, Chapter E2, 150 p.

Pierce, Brenda S., Harutunian, Samvel, Martirosyan, Artur, and Harutunian, Grigory, 1999, Borehole and thin section descriptions from exploration drilling and field work in the Antaramut-Kurtan-Dzoragukh coal field, north-central Armenia, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-582, 268 p.

Figure 1. Location of coal, carbonaceous shale, and oil shale deposits in Armenia.

EXPLANATION

DEPOSITS

Vnlarainut-Kurtan-Dzoragukh jeyanfljUTerniaBis 4or Arevik

itus

® CAPITALo TOWN

60km

Figure 2. Topographic and locality map of the Antaramut-Kurtan- Dzoragukh coal field, in north-central Annenia. Each grid square is 1 sq km and the contour interval is 5 m.

DH-1

o

Explanation

Borehole locality

Outcrop

Roads

Village

Figure 3. Territorial outlines for locations of geophysical logs found in Appendix 3.

o 10 20I

30

Party responsible for each Region

1 Ijevan Party2 Jermanis Party3 Gugark Party4 Jajur Party5 Shamut Party6 Ararat Party7 Aramus Party8 Syunik Party9 Sevan Party

Territories of Armgeokaptajh Party and Profile Drilling Party is all of Armenia

APPENDIX 1

Geophysical Logs from Exploratory Boreholes of the

Antaramut-Kurtan-Dzoragukh Coal Field

METERS

LITH- GAM(NAT)

0CPS 1000

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

LITH1 CPS 100

GAM(NAT)

METERS

-200

SP

MV 2000

RES(16N)

OHM-M 6000

<~

RES

OHM 60(

RES(64N)

OHM-M 60C

OHM-M 6000

RES(16N)

200 MV

SP

2000

OHM-M 600

RES(64N)

OHM

RES

600

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

TEMP

10 DEGC

G/CC 30

DEN(CDL)

CALiPER

CM

. ^ .

's

CM

CALIPER

10

. - - ----- - _l

40

DEGC 11

TEMP

DRILL HOLE #1A

ANTARAMUT

METERS

LITH1

20

-Ho

160

180

100

120

140

160

180

-200

LITH1 220

GAM(NAT)

CPS 2000

1

CPS 2000

GAM(NAT)

METERS

SP

MV

RES(16N)

OHM-M

2000

2000

OHM-M 2000

RES(16N)

MV

SP

2000

RES

OHM

RES(64N)

OHM-M

300

200

S 7-

^f~

OHM-M 200

RES(64N)

OHM

RES

300

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

G/CC

DEN(CDL)

10

TEMP

DEGC

CALIPER

CM

;

7

CM

CALIPER

DEGC

TEMP

30

13

DRILL HOLE #2A

ANTARAMUT

DRILL HOLE #4A

ANTARAMUT 3

DRILL HOLE #4B

ANTARAMUT

METERS

LITH1

0

10

20

-30

40

-50

-60

-70

80

LITH1

GAM(NAT)

CPS 2000

CPS 2000

GAM(NAT)

METERS

-100

SP

MV

RES(16N)

OHM-M

1000

3000

OHM-M 3000

RES(16N)

100 MV

SP

100

RES

OHM

'RES(64N)

OHM-M

200

200

zz

OHM-M 200

RES(64N)

OHM 200

RES

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

G/CC

DEN(CDL)

15

10

TEMP

DEGC

CALIPER

CM

25

20

5 ( ~

CM

CALIPER

DEGC

TEMP

20

25

DRILL HOLE #4C

ANTARAMUT

IMETERS

LITH1

teo

-Uo

60

LITH1

80

100

120

140

GAM(NAT)

CPS 200to

CPS 200k)

GAM(NAT)

RES(16N)

OHM-M 2000

OHM-M 200

RES(16N)

METERS

RES

OHM 20C

RES(64N)

OHM-M 200

OHM-M 200

RES(64N)

OHM

RES

200

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

G/CC

DEN(CDL)

15

TEMP

DEGC 1

CALIPER

rio CM

CM

CALIPER

5 DEGC

TEMP

30

17

DRILL HOLE #5A

ANTARAMUT

[METERS

GAM(NAT)

40CPS 2000

440 f

-60

100

CPS 2000

GAM(NAT)

METERS

100

SP

MV 2000

RES<16N)

OHM-M 2000

S

OHM-M 2000

RES(16N)

oo MV

SP

200

RES

OHM 200

RES(64N)

OHM-M 200

OHM-M 200

RES(64N)

OHM

RES

200

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

G/CC

DEN(CDL)

15

TEMP

DEGC

CALIPER

10 CM

CM

CALIPER

5 DEGC

TEMP

30

17

DRILL HOLE #5B

ANTARAMUT

[METERS

10

30

H40

J50

-BO

70

teo

[LITH1

GAM(NAT) I RES(16N)

lo CPS 500|o OHM-M

0 CPS 300(0

GAM(NAT)

[METERS

-100

SP

MV 3000

500

OHM-M 50

RES(16N)

100 MV

SP

300

RES

OHM 1CK

RES(64N)

OHM-M 100

r

OHM-M 100

RES(64N)

OHM

RES

100i

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

f

\

G/CC

DEN(CDL)

11

TEMP

DEGC

CALIPER

CM

CM 20

CALIPER

DEGC

TEMP

12

DRILL HOLE #8B

ANTARAMUT

METERS

LITH1 GAM(NAT)

Jo CPS 2000

20

-40

60

-80

100

120LITH1 CPS 2000

GAM(NAT)

METERS

200

SP

MV 5000

RES(16N)

OHM-M 1000

OHM-M 100

RES(16N)

200 MV

SP

500

RES

OHM 40C

RES(64N)

OHM-M 100

OHM-M 100

RES(64N)

OHM

RES

400

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

G/CC

DEN(CDL)

15

TEMP

DEG C

CALIPER

CM

CM 30

CALIPER

5 DEGC

TEMP

16

DRILL HOLE #9A

KURTAN

METERS

LITH1

0

10

-20

30

-40

50

L1TH1

GAM(NAT)

CPS 2000

CPS 2000

GAM(NAT)

METERS

100

SP

MV 2000

RES(16N)

OHM-M 1000

OHM-M 1000

RES(16N)

100 MV

SP

2000

RES

OHM 200

RES(64N)

OHM-M 200

OHM-M 200

RES(64N)

OHM

RES

200

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

7

G/CC 30

DEN(CDL)

TEMP

13 DEGC

CALIPER

CM

CM

CALIPER

3 DEG C

TEMP

20

20

DRILL HOLE #9B

KURTAN\o

METERS

L1TH1 L1TH2

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

GAM(NAT)

CPS 2000

LITH1 LITH2 CPS 2000

GAM(NAT)

METERS

SP

MV

RES(16N)

OHM-M

5040

600

OHM-M 60

RES(16N)

MV

SP

so

RES

OHM 100

RES(64N)

OHM-M 100

OHM-M 100

RES(64N)

OHM

RES

100

DEN(CDL)

1-5 G/CC 2.5

G/CC 2.5

DEN(CDL)

10

10

TEMP

DEGC

CALIPER

CM

20

30

-r

CM 30

CALIPER

DEGC

TEMP

20

DRILL HOLE #15A

KURTAN

DRILL HOLE #1 SB

KURTAN

*

-

LITH1

LITH1

ME

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

MEl

DRILL HOLE #16A

KURTAN

L1TH10

20

40

LITH1

METERS

60

80

100

120

140

LITH2 0 GAM(NAT) 2000 RES(16N) 100

LITH20 GAM(NAT) 200 0 RES(16N) 100

METERS

RES 200

0 RES(SG) 100

RES(SG) 100

RES 200

1 DEN(CDL)

DEN(CDL) 3

12 TEMP 14

0 CALJPER 30

r

CALIPER 30

12 TEMP 14

DRILL HOLE #17A

KURTANf

LITH1

._ ._.

LITH1

METE

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

METE

LITH2 GAM(NAT)

CPS 3000

SP

MV

RES(16N)

OHM-M

3000

500

RES

OHM

RES(64N)

OHM-M

300

80

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

TEMP

DEGC

CALIPER

CM

!_

15

LITH20 CPS 3000 OHM-M 500 OHM-M 80 G/CC

GAM(NAT) RES(16N) RES(64N) DEN(CDL)

CM 20

CALIPER

MV 3000

SP

OHM

RES

300 DEGC

TEMP

15

DRILL HOLE #18A

KURTAN

METERS SP

MV 100C

RES

OHM 200 10

TEMP

DEGC

ILITH1 LITH: GAM(NAT) RES(16N) RES(64N) DEN(CDL) CALIPER

Jo CPS 2000 OHM-M 1000 OHM-M 1001.5 G/CC 2.50 CM

-20

-40

-60

80

100

120

140

160LITH1 LITH2 CPS 2000 OHM-M 100 OHM-M 1001.5

GAM(NAT) RES(16N) RES(64N)

METERS

MV

SP

1000 OHM

RES

200

G/CC 2.50

DEN(CDL)

CM 20

CALIPER

DEGC

TEMP

20

DRILL HOLE #19A

KURTAN\\*

DRILL HOLE #20A

KURTAN

DRILL HOLE #21A

KURTAN

METERS

LITH1

.0

20 -

40

80 -

100

LITH1

2000

RES

OHM 300

OHM 300

RES

DEN(CDL)

G/CC 30

TEMP

DEGC 1

CALIPER

CM

G/CC

DEN(CDL)

METERS

CM

CALIPER

DEGC

TEMP

so

15

DRILL HOLE #24A

KURTAN

DRILL HOLE #25A

KURTAN

METERS

JO

10

-feo

30

440

50

-60

-100

GAM(NAT)

CPS 2000

I

'

CPS 2000

GAM(NAT)

METERS

SP

MV

RES(16N)

OHM-M

1000

1000

OHM-M 100

RES(16N)

100 MV

SP

100 1

RES

OHM

RES(64N)

OHM-M

600

1001

OHM-M 100

RES(64N)

OHM 6001

RESDRILL HOLE #26A

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

G/CC

DEN(CDL).

CALIPER

CM

CM

CALIPER

DEGC

TEMP

so

KURTAN

METERS

LITH1

b

40

LITH1

60

80

-150

GAM(NAT) RES(16N)

o CPS 4000 OHM-M

CPS 4000

GAM(NAT)

METERS

SP

MV 1500

350 -30

OHM-M 350

RES(16N)

150 MV

SP

1500

RES

OHM 600

RES(64N)

OHM-M 70

30 OHM-M 70

RES(64N)

OHM

RES

600

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

G/CC

DEN(CDL)

11

TEMP

DEGC

CALIPER

CM

\

30 CM

CALIPER

DEGC

TEMP

15

30

30

15

DRILL HOLE #27A

KURTAN

DRILL HOLE #28A

KURTAN

DRILL HOLE #29A

KURTAN

L1TH1 METERS

0

20

60

LITH1

80

100

120

GAM(NAT)

CPS 300

CPS 3001

METERS GAM(NAT)

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

G/CC

DEN(CDL)

TEMP

15 DEGC 200

315 DEGC 200

TEMP

CALIPER

CM 30

CM 30

CALIPER

DRILL HOLE #30A

VAHAGNI

METERS

LITH1 GAM(NAT)

CPS 300

10

-20

30

-40

LITH150 CPS 3001

GAM(NAT)

DEN(CDL)

G/CC

G/CC 30

DEN(CDL)

METERS

15

TEMP

DEGC

CALIPER

CM

CM

CALIPER

DEGC

TEMP

30

20

DRILL HOLE #31A

DZORAGIUKH

Hole 10 (for coal) Ijevan party, Ijevan area

APPENDIX 2

Geophysical Logs from Recent Exploratory Boreholes Drilled

by the RA Ministry of Environment

METERS

GAM(NAT)

CPS 3000

RES(16N)

OHM-M 2000

RES

OHM

RES(64N)

160

OHM-M 200 8

TEMP

DEGC 10

10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

iCPS 300 OHM-M 200 0 OHM-M 200 8 DEGC 10

GAM(NAT) RES(16N) RES(64N) TEMP

OHM 160

METERS RES

Hole 42 (for coal)

Jajur party, Jajur aream PS QT

Z-

CPS 1500 OHM-M 1500 OHM-M 1002.5 G/CC 3.1

Hole 20 (for salt)

Aramus party, Aramus area 1Q.Q8.96

-40

-80

-320

Hole 19 (for salt)

Aramus party, Aramus area 11.21.97

METERS

-40

-50

-60

Hole 169 (for copper and other metals)

Margahovit party, Tandzut area 11.20.97


Margahovit party, Tandzut area 09.04.97

METERS

10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

-80

H90

METERS


Margahovit party, Fialetovo area 11.20.97

1


Meghradzor party, Lusajur area 07.09.96

-40

H60

12 DEGC 14

-80


Jermuk party, Zivlikh area 06.26.96

°\

APPENDIX 3

Archival Geophysical Logs from Exploratory Boreholes

throughout the Republic of Armenia

Hole 91-II (for water)

Ararat party, Artashen area

03.1379

-40

-60

-80

Hole 75 (for water)

Ararat party, Ararat area

09.10.79

Hole 21K (for water)

Sevan party, Tsovagiugh area

04.20.82

METERS

0

Nat Gamma Resistivrty(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP

mkr/h 150 ohm m 9600 ohm m 1100 -80 mv 50

-20

-40

-60

-80

-100

-120

-140

-160

-180

-200

-220

-240

-260

-280

-300

-320

-340

-360

\

mkr/h 150 ohm m 9600 ohm m 1100-80 mv 50

METERSi

Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP

Hole 2/17 (for copper & other metals) North party, Chkalovka area

02.05.79 6

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivrty(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP

mkr/h 156 ohm m 20 15 ohm m 25 -10 mv

-20

-40

-60 <T

-80

100

mkr/h 156 ohm m 20 15 ohm m 25 -10 mv

METERS Nat Gamma Resistiv'rty(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP

Hole b/n (for structure) Seismological party, Arevshat area

12 10.82\>

METERS Resistivity(gr)

ohm m 140030

Resistivrty(pot)

ohm m 840 -10

SP

mv 24

-20

-40

c

-60

-80

100

ohm m 140030 ohm m 840 -10 mv 24

METERS Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP

Hole b/n (for water)

Complex party, Solak area

01.08.79

I METERS Nat Gamma

mkr/h 11

Resistivity(gr)

ohm m 21004

Resistivity(pot)

ohm m 69 -40

SP

mv

-20

-40

-60

-80

-100

120

140

160

r

mkr/h 11 ohm m 21004 ohm m 69 -40 mv

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP

Hole 7 (for water)

Armgeokaptajh, Vazashen area

07.20.82

Hole 2 (for structure)

Profile Drilling party, Sovetashen area

11.17.82

I METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP

mkr/h 302 ohm m 63 5 ohm m 50 -20 mv 21

10

20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

-80

-90

100

-110

120

130

140

150

160

\

mkr/h 302 ohm m 63 5 ohm m 50 -20 mv 21


Hole 19 (for water)

Ararat party, Vedy area

11.16.820

METERS

0


mkr/h 190 ohm m 20000 ohm m 1400 -36 mv 39

-20

-40

-60

-60

100

120

-140

160

180

-200

-220

-240

-260

280mkr/h 190 ohm m 2000 ohm m 1400 -36 mv 39

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivrty(pot) SP

Hole 3 (for structure)

Profile Drilling party, Jajur area

03.24.82 li

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) SP

mkr/h ohm m 230 -34 mv 47

-20

-40

-60

-80

100

120

-140

160

180

-200

-220

mkr/h 70 ohm m 230 -34 mv 47

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivrty(gr) SP

Hole 28 (for water)

Ararat party, Khalisa area

I METERS Nat Gamma

mkr/h 300 ohm m 1200 ohm m 130

Resistivrty(gr) Resistivrty(pot)

-35

SP

mv

10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

-80

100

110mkr/h 300 ohm m 1200 ohm m 130 -35 mv


Hole 17 (for water)

Siuniq party, Horadis area 09.06.82

3

METERS

10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

-BO

METERS i

Nat Gamma

mkr/h 18

mkr/h 18

Nat Gamma

Hole 82 (for water)

Siuniq party, Azatek area 09.25.79

METERS Nat Gamma

mkr/h 1520

Resistivity(gr)

ohm m 19020

Resistivity(pot)

ohm m 3800

SP

mv 12

H20

-40

-60

-80

100mkr/h 1520 ohm m 19020 ohm m 3800 mv 12


Hole 63 (for water)


Hole 62 (for water)

Siuniq party, Azatek area

11.28.79


ohm m 1400 ohm m 140 -17 mv 16

-20

-40

-60

-80

100

120

ohm m 1400 ohm m 140 -17 mv 16

METERS Nat Gamma j_________

Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP

Hole 5 (for water) Sevan party, Tsovagiugh area

05.2179\1

-40

METERS Nat Gamma

METERS Nat Gamma

-70

-80

H90

Hole 15 (for water)

Sevan party, Karchaghbjur area

01.16.80

-40

-60

METERS Nat Gamma

-80

Hole 7(1) (for water)

Sevan party, Subatan area

09.19.79

Hole 21 n (for water)

Sevan party, Martuny area

09.18.800

I METERS Nat Gamma Resistivrty(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP

mkr/h 21 ohm m 220 0 ohm m 110 -30 mv 14

J20

-40

-60

100

120

140

160

180

mkr/h 21 ohm m 220 0 ohm m 110 -30 mv 14

METERS Nat Gamma i________ __


Hole 23K (for water)


06.16.82

METERS

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

H60

-70

METERS

Nat Gamma

mkr/h

mkr/h

Nat Gamma

Hole 11P (for water)


07.29.80

METERS Nat Gamma Temperature

mkr/h 20 13 degC 17

-20

-00

H60

-80

100

120

140

160

180

-200

-220

-240

mkr/h 20 13 degC 17

METERS Nat Gamma Temperature

Hole 4C (for water)

Sevan party, Martuny area

01.24.79

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistlvity(pot) SP

mkr/h 262 ohm m 41 14 ohm m 60 -80 mv 50

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

mkr/h 262 ohm m 41 14 ohm m 60 -80 mv 50

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity (pot) SP

Hole 41 (for water)

Sevan party, Noraduz area

06.23.82

METERS Nat Gamma

mkr/h 17

Resistivity(gr)

ohm m 32030

Resistivity(pot)

ohm m 230 -11

SP

mv

10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

\

-70

-80

-90

mkr/h 170 ohm m 32030 ohm m 230 -11 mv


Hole 19 (for water) Ararat party, Tsaghkunq area

02.15.79

1 METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr)

ohm m 200 0

Resistlvity(pot)

ohm m 550 -16

SP

mv

Temperature

15 DegC 23

-40

120

160

-200

-240

-280

-320

-360

-400

440ohm m 2000 ohm m 550 -16 mv 15 DegC 23

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP Temperature

Hole 3 (for water)

Ararat party, Artashat area

02.28.84

METERS Nat Gamma

mkr/h 18

Resistivrty(pot)

ohm m 65 -13

SP

mv

-20

-40

-BO

-80

100

120

X

140

mkr/h 18 ohm m 65 -13 mv

METERSi

Nat Gamma Resistivity (pot) SP

Hole 165 (for water)

Ararat party, Phshatavan area 02.17.79

Hole 1A (for water)

Ararat party, Ararat area 04.15.82

METERS

-20

-40

-60

100

120

'140

160

180

-200

resistivity

ohm m 19

sp

-11 mv 120

kcp

ohm m 10

-11 mv 120 ohm m 10

METERS gamma resistivity sp kcp

Hole 121-II (for water)

Ararat party, Ararat area 02.12.79

METERS gamma

mkr/h

-20

160

kcp

ohm m 670 -6

sppot

mv 75

-40

-60

-60

100

120

-140

160

180

J200

X

mkr/h 160 ohm m 670-6 mv 75

METERS gamma kcp sppot

Hole 14A (for water)

Ararat party, Ararat areana

Hole 7 (for water)

Ararat party, Artashat area 05.12.81

-40

-60

J80

METERS Nat Gamma


Hrazdan-Sevan party, Megradzor area 04.02.82

METERS Nat Gamma

mkr/h

H20

-40

-60

-60

100

120

140

160

180

-200

-220

-240

mkr/h

25

25

METERS Nat Gamma

Hole 23 (for water)

Sevan party, Martuny area 11.18.80

METERS

-20

Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP

mkr/h 17 ohm m 2000 ohm m 17 -64 mv

-40

-60

-80

-100

-120

-140

-160

-180

-200

-220

-240

-260

-280

-300

-320

-340

-360

-380

mkr/h 17 ohm m 2000 ohm m 17 -64 mv


Hole 3(16) (for water)

Sevan party, Norashen area04.12.79

METERS Nat Gamma

mkr/h 140

Resistivrty(gr)

ohm m 523

Resistivrty(pot)

ohm m 68

SP

-21 mv 23

-20

-40

-60

-80

-100

-120

-140

-160

mkr/h 140 ohm m 523 ohm m 68 -21 mv 23

METERSi


Hole 20 (for water)

Sevan party, Tsovagiugh area 01.11.79

Hole 11-11 (for water)

Ararat party, Masis area 05.16.83

Hole 29 (for water)

Ararat party, Khalisa area 08.2879

Hole 35C (for water)

Sevan party, Sarukhan area 01.11.80

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity (pot) SP Temperature

mkr/h 26 0 ohm m 640 0 ohm m 350 4 mv 388 25

-40

-80

120

-160

-200

-240

280

-320

-360

-400

-440

1

L

mkr/h 26 0 ohm m 640 0 ohm m 350 4 mv 38 25

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP Temperature

Hole 39 (for water)

Siuniq party, Noravan area 02.22.84

METERS

-20

-40

Nat Gamma

-60

100

mkr/h 24

mkr/h 24

METERSi Nat Gamma

Hole 71 (for water)


Hole 83 (for water)


Hole 61 (for water)

Siuniq party, Horadis area . 10.26.79

I METERS Nat Gamma Resistivrty(gr) Resistivity (pot) SP

mkr/h 230 ohm m 184 ohm m 101 -17 mv 28

10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

mkr/h 230 ohm m 184 ohm m 101 -17 mv 28

METERS Nat Gamma i_____

Resistivity(gr) Resistivity (pot) SP


Sluniq party, Horadis area

10.23.80

I METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) resistivity(pot) SP Resistance

1 mkr/h 160 ohm m 450 10 ohm m 440 -2 mv 5925 ohm 42

20

-40

-60

-80

100

120

-140

-160

180

-200

-220

L

1 mkr/h 160 ohm m 450 10 ohmm 440 -2 mv 5925 ohm 42

METERS Nat Gamma Resistjvrty(gr) resistivrty(pot) SP Resistance

Hole 17/81 (for water) Aknakhpiur party, Aknakhpiur area

01.26.82

METERS Nat Gamma

METERS Nat Gamma

Hole 6 (for water)

Siuniq party, Sisian area 02.27.79

METERS Nat Gamma

-20

-40

^60

-80

-100

120

-140

160

-180

rnkr/h 200

Resistivity

ohm m 200

METERS

mkr/h 200 ohm m 200

Nat Gamma Resistivity

Hole 11 (for water)

Gougarq party, Jarjaris area 03.24.76

METERS

2

Nat Gamma

mkr/h

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

mkr/h

METERS i

Nat Gamma

Hole 69 (for water)

Ararat party, Ejmiatsin area 07.03.79

Hole 68-1 (for water)

Ararat party, Mrgashat area

03.07.79

'METERS resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP(pot) Resistance Temperature

10 ohm m 98030 ohm m 600 -100 mv 1005 ohm 10 12 degC 17

480

100

120

140

-160

180

-200

-220

10 ohm m 98030 ohm m 600 -100 mv 100 ohm 10 12 degC 17

METERS resistjvity(gr) Resistivity (pot) SP(pot) Resistance Temperature

Hole 5b (for water)

Ararat party, Arteny area

10.15.82

METERS Resistivity(gr)

ohm m 27000

Resistivfty(pot)

ohm m 2900 -15

SP

mv

-160

-180

-200

-220

-240

-260

-280

-300

ohm m 27000 ohm m 2900 -15 mv

METERS Resisttvrty(gr) Resistivity (pot) SP

Hole 74/1 (for water)

Ararat party, Armavir area

09.20.78 y

METERS Nat Gamma

0

Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP(pot) Temperature

mkr/h 180 ohm m 304 ohm m 46 -21 mv 1223.8 deg C 24.4

-20

-40

-60

-80

100

120

140

mkr/h 18 ohm m 304 ohm m 46 -21 mv 1223.8 deg C 24.4

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP(pot) Temperature

Hole 48 (for water)


06.29.83

-80

Hole 8 (for water)

Ararat party, Artashat area

06.06.81

METERS Nat Gamma

-10

-20

-40

-50

-60

-70

-80

-90

-100

110

120

130

mkr/h

mkr/h

11

11

METERS Nat Gamma

Hole 25 (for water)

Ararat party, Arazdajan area

05.28.795'

Hole 27b (for water)


02.13.80

METERS

J170

Resistivity(gr)

ohm m 1200

Resistivity(pot)

ohm m 110

SP

-12 mv

-180

190

-200

-210

-220

-230

-240

-250

ohm m 1200 ohm m 110 -12 mv

METERSi


Hole 2 (for water)

Ararat party, Dalar area

02.15.83

METERS Nat Gamma

50 mkr/h 580

Resistivity(gr)

10 ohm m 500 -66

SP

mv 14

-40

-80

120

160

-200

-240

-280

-320

-360

-400

-440

-480

-520

-560

c

\ \

50 mkr/h 580 10 ohm m 500 -66 mv 14

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) SP

Hole 23 (for coal)

Jermanis area

[METERS Resistivity(gr)

10

-40

-80

-120

-160

-200

-240

-280

-320

-360

-400

-440

-480

-520

-560

-600

-640

10

[METERS

ohm m 300

ohm m 300

Resistivity(gr)

Hole 25 (for coal)

Jermanis area

METERS Resistlvity(gr)

ohm m 2300 -100

H20

-Ho

H60

-80

100

120

140

160

180

-200

-220

-240

SP

mv 160

METERS

ohm m 2300 -100 mv

Resistivrty(gr) SP

160

Hole 22 (for coal)

Jermanis area

METERS

30

Resistivity(gr)

ohm m 780

SP

-1 mv

-200

-220

-240

^260

-280

-300

-320

-340

-360

-380

-400

H420

-440

-460

30 ohm m

METERS Resistivrty(gr)

780 -1 mv

SP

Hole 17 (for coal)

Jermanis area ,o


mkr/h 250 ohm m 202 ohm m 44 -5 mv 11

10

-20

-30

H40

-50

-BO/

-70

mkr/h 250 ohm m 202 ohm m 44-5 mv 11

METERS Nat Gammai__________


Hole 19 (for coal)

Jajur party, Jajur area

METERS

0

10

gam(nat)

mkr/h 250

res(gr)

ohm m 202

res(pot)

ohm m 44 -5

sp

mv 11

H20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

mkr/h 250 ohm m 202 ohm m 44 -5 mv 11

METERS gam(nat) res(gr) res(pot) sp

Hole 95 (for coal)

Jajur party, Jajur area

METERS GAM(NAT)

0

RES GGD POLAR CALIPER

mkr/h 80 ohmm 13000 mkr/h 290 0 15 mm

-20

-40

-60

100

120

140

160

-180

-200

-220

-240

-260

-280

H300

mkr/h 80 ohmm 13000 mkr/h 290 0 15 mm

METERS GAM(NAT) RES GGD POLAR CALIPER

Hole 3 (for coal)

Ijevan party, Ijevan area

-40

-80

METERS GAM(NAT)

-320

-Uoo

Hole 27 (for coal)


-40

-200

-240

METERS GAM(NAT)

METERS GAM(NAT)

-400

-440

-480

-520

Hole 26C (for coal)


Hole 26A (for coal)


Hole 47 (for coal)


-400

-440

-480

-520

Hole 38 (for coal)


Hole 37 (for coal)


-40

-60

METERS GAM(NAT)

METERS GAM(NAT)

Hole 23 (for coal)


Hole 20 (for coal)


METERS

H20

GAM(NAT)

mkr/h 10

RES

ohm m 130 -10

SP

mv

-40

^60

-80

100

120

mkr/h 10 ohm m 130 -10 mv

METERSi

GAM(NAT) RES SP

Hole 2/93 (for coal)

Ij'evan party, Ijevan area

METERS GAM(NAT) RES SP GGD CALIPER

0 mkr/h 100 ohm m 5000 -10 mv 100 mkr/h 100081 mm 150

-60

-80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

280

300

320

340

360

380

-400

-420

-440

I

0 mkr/h 100 ohm m 5000 -10 mv 100 mkr/h 100081 mm 150

METERS GAM(NAT) RES SP GGD CALIPER

Hole 1A (for coal)


METERS GAM(NAT)

0

RES SP GGD

0 mkr/h 100 ohm m 500 -20 mv 200 mkr/h 200

-40

-80

120

160

-200

-240

-!280

-320

-360

-400

L

IL.r

0 mkr/h 100 ohm m 500-20 mv 200 mkr/h 200

METERS GAM(NAT) RES SP GGD

Hole 118K (for coal)


METERS

-20

-40

-60

-80

100

120

140

160

180

^200

-220

GAM(NAT)

mkr/h

RES

ohm m 550

mkr/h ohm m 550

METERS GAM(NAT) RES

Hole 145K (for coal)


-40

-50

H60



METERS

10

GAM(NAT)

mkr/h 150

RES

ohm m 12000 -100

SP

mv 100

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

-80

-90

mkr/h 150 ohm m 12000 -100 mv 100

METERS i

GAM(NAT) RES SP



Hole 7 (for coal)


-40

-60

METERS GAM(NAT)

2 mkr/h 10 10 ohm m 430

METERS GAM(NAT)

-400

Hole 6 (for coal)


I I METERS

-20

-40

-60

-80

100

120

Nat Gamma

mkr/h

mkr/h

METERS Nat Gamma

Hole 46 (for coal)

Ijevan party, Ijevan area Qp(J

METERS

-20

-40

-60

-80

-100

-120

-140

-160

-180

-200

-220

-240

-260

-280

-300

-320

-340

-360

380

GAM(NAT)

mkr/h 19 100

RES

ohm m 18000

GGD

mkr/h 120

1r

mkr/h 19 100 ohm m 18000 mkr/h 120

METERS GAM(NAT) RES GGD

Hole 26 (for coal)


Hole 5 (for coal)


Hole 52 (for coal)


Hole 54 (for coal)


METERS

0

GAM(NAT) RES SP GGD

0 mkr/h 80 ohm m 1500 -10 mv 50 mkr/h 1000

20

-40

-60

-80

100

120

140

160

180

-200

-220

-240

-260

-280

-300

-320

s

o mkr/h 80 ohm m 1500 -10 mv 50 mkr/h 1000

METERS GAM(NAT) RES SP GGD

Hole 10 (for coal)


METERS GAM(NAT)

0 mkr/h 10

RES

ohm m 900 -20

SP

mv 15

10

-20

-30

-40

-50

70

-80

90

mkr/h 10 ohm m 900 20 mv 15

VlETERS GAM(NAT) RES SP



-380

-400

-420

-440

-460

-480

Hole 15 (for coal)

Shamout area

-80

-200

-240

-280

Hole 14 (for coa!)

Shamout area

METERS

-20

-40

-60

-80

-100

-120

-140

-160

-180

-200

-220

-240

-260

-280

-300

-320

-340

-360

Ja-

RES

ohm-m 290

SP

35 mv 19

ohm-m 290 35 mv 19

METERS RES SP

Hole 12 (for coal)

Shamout area

METERS Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP(pot)

mkr/h 14 ohm m 1400 10 ohm m 380 -15 mv 24

H20

-40

-60

-80

100mkr/h 14 ohm m 1400 10 ohm m 380 -15 mv 24

METERS ___i

Nat Gamma Resistivity(gr) Resistivity(pot) SP(pot)

Hole 12/80 (for structure)

Profile Drilling party, Aghveran area

12.29.80

A BRIEF REVIEW OF BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICAL Part I. … · All the geophysical logging data are...

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Transcript of A BRIEF REVIEW OF BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICAL Part I. … · All the geophysical logging data are...