A and P Mod#2 pages 42-50
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Transcript of A and P Mod#2 pages 42-50
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Pages 42 – 50
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Exocrine glands come in many arrangements/types:
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Glandular EpitheliumThere are two types of glands:
1. Exocrine glands
Types of exocrine glands based on how they secrete:
a. Merocrine glands – by exocytosis (without losing cellular material) into the duct.
Example sweat glands.
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Merocrine gland directly secretes into duct.
http://www.med.umich.edu/histology/fieldTrip/sweatGland.jpg
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Glandular EpitheliumThere are two types of glands:
1. Exocrine glands
Types of exocrine glands based on how they secrete: a. Merocrine glands
b. Apocrine glands - a portion of the plasma membrane containing the secretion and some cytoplasm buds off the cell and enters the duct.
Ex. Mammary glands
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Apocrine Gland
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There are two types of glands:
1. Exocrine glands
Types of exocrine glands based on how they secrete: a. Merocrine glands
b. Apocrine glands
c.holocrine gland - the entire cell containing its secretion
disintegrates in the duct.
Ex. Oil glands
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Glandular EpitheliumThere are two types of glands:
1. Exocrine glands
2. Endocrine gland no ducts secrete hormones by exocytosis intointerstitial fluids that surround cellsand blood stream picks them up.Ex. Thyroid gland
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Endocrine Glands
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Type Function LocationSimple Squamous Diffusion Blood vessels, lungsSimple Cuboidal Diffusion and secretion Kidneys
Simple Columnar Mucous producing Stomach and intestines
Stratified Squamous Protection, secreting Skin, lining mouth
Stratified Cuboidal Protection, secreting Protect Salivary glands - rare
Stratified Columnar Protection, secreting Pharynx, larynx, uterus - rare
Stratified Transitional Stretches, changes shape Urinary bladder
Epithelial Tissue – Functions and locationsHandout
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Why does skin flake off? Cells at top of skin are so far from nutrients that they are dead.
Keratin – protein that fills dead epidermal cells at top layer
Keratinized membrane – top layer of skin cells that are dead and filled with keratin.
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Where quiz stops
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE
FUNCTION: insulate, support and bind (infrastructure)
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE continued
CHARACTERISTICS:
Greater space between cells (extracellular space) compared to epithelial tissue
cells secrete extracellular material or MATRIX which fills space between cells
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE continued
CHARACTERISTICS:
Matrix is the material between the cell which contains ground substance (non-collagenous part of matrix) and collagen protein fibers.
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE continued
CHARACTERISTICS:
Connective Tissue is classified according to the type of extracellular matrix it produces
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE
TYPES:1. connective tissue proper2. cartilage3. bone4. blood
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TYPE 1: Connective Tissue Proper
Guess how many kinds of connective tissue proper
there are?
4
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TYPE 1: Connective Tissue Proper
Four types of Connective Tissue Proper:
A. Loose connective tissueExtracellular matrix is not strong
Is used for light binding and flexibility
Also called areolar connective tissue
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TYPE 1: Connective Tissue Proper
Four types of Connective Tissue Proper:
A. Loose connective tissue
Found between the skin and the muscles holding the skin to musclesHas fibroblasts which make tissue’s ground substance, protein fibers, collagen fibers Mature fibroblast are called fibrocytes
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Loose Connective Tissue Proper
fibroblast
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Four types of Connective Tissue Proper:A. Loose connective tissue
B.Dense irregular connective tissue
Part of the skin
Collagen fibers more densely packed than loose connective tissue
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B. dense irregular connective tissue continued
Denser packing give tissue more strength
Irregular because fibers run every which way
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Dense irregular connective tissue proper
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Four types of Connective Tissue Proper:A. Loose connective tissueB. Dense irregular connective tissue
C. Dense regular connective tissue properCollagen fibers run in one
direction giving more strength called tensile strength
Found in tendons which hold muscle to bones and ligaments that hold bone to bone
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c. Dense regular connective tissue proper
Tendons and ligaments take a long time to heal when injured because of dense amount of extracellular material (fibers, etc.) that they must manufacture.
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Dense regular connective tissue proper
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Four types of Connective Tissue Proper:A. Loose connective tissueB. Dense irregular connective tissueC. Dense regular connective tissue proper
D. Adipose tissue
Fatty tissue
it has fat cells in it as well as connective tissue cells
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D. Adipose tissue
Function is to store energy, insulate, and to hold organs in place
Example – kidneys are protected and held in place by adipose tissue
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