VENEZUELA

Anastasia Amanatidis

821

Location

• Venezuela is located on the northern coast of South America. It borders Columbia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south.

Geography • Venezuela is located in the

north of South America; geologically its mainland rests on the South American Plate.

• It is shaped roughly like an inverted triangle.

• Venezuela’s climate varies from humid low-elevation plains, where average annual temperatures range as high as 28 °C , to glaciers and highlands (the páramos) with an average yearly temperature of 8 °C .

• The northern mountains are the extreme northeastern extensions of South America's Andes mountain range.

• Pico Bolivar is the nation's highest point at 4,979 meters in South America.

• To the south, the dissected Guiana Highlands contains the northern fringes of the Amazon Basin and Angel Falls, the world's highest waterfalls as well as tepuis.

• The country's center is characterized by the llanos, which are extensive plains that stretch from the Colombian border in the far west to the Orinoco River delta in the east.

• The Orinoco, with its rich alluvial soils, binds the largest and most important river system of the country; it originates in one of the largest watersheds in Latin America. •The Caroni and the Apure are other major rivers.

Geography

GovernmentExecutive:

The Venezuelan president is elected by a vote, with direct and universal suffrage, and is both head of state and head of government. The term of office is six years, and (as of 15 February 2009) a president may be re-elected an unlimited number of times

Legislative:The number of members is variable, each state and the Capital district elect three representatives plus the result of dividing the state population by 1.1% of the total population of the country. Three seats are reserved for representatives of Venezuela's indigenous peoples. All deputies serve five-year terms.

Judicial: The highest judicial body is the Supreme Tribunal of Justice whose magistrates are elected by parliament for a single twelve-year term.

Government: Part 2Foreign Relations:

• Throughout most of the 20th century, Venezuela maintained friendly relations with most Latin American and Western nations.

• Relations between Venezuela and the United States government worsened in 2002, after the 2002 Venezuelan coup d'état attempt during which the U.S. government recognized the short-lived interim presidency of Pedro Carmona.

• Correspondingly, ties to various Latin American and Middle Eastern countries not allied to the U.S. have strengthened.

Military:• The National Armed Forces of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela are the overall unified military forces of Venezuela.

• The components of the National Armed Forces are: the Venezuelan Army, the Venezuelan Navy, the Venezuelan Air force, the Venezuelan National Guard, and the Venezuelan National Militia.

• The president of Venezuela is the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces.

• The main roles of the armed forces are to defend the sovereign national territory of Venezuela, airspace, and islands, fight against drug trafficking, to search and rescue and, in the case of a natural disaster, civil protection.

• All men that are citizens of Venezuela have a constitutional duty to register for the military at the age of 18, which is the age of majority in Venezuela.

Government: Part 3

Money (Economy)• Venezuela has a mixed economy

dominated by the petroleum sector, which accounts for roughly a third of GDP (Gross Domestic Product), around 80% of exports and more than half of government revenues.

• The government suffers high levels of corruption.

• Venezuela has the least expensive petrol in the world because the consumer price of petrol is so heavily subsidized.

• Since the discovery of oil in the early 20th century, Venezuela has been one of the world's leading exporters of oil. • The recovery of oil prices after 2001 boosted the Venezuelan economy and facilitated social spending, although the fallout of the 2008 global financial crisis saw a renewed economic downturn.

Natural Resources

• Venezuela has some of the largest oil and natural gas reserves in the world, and consistently ranks among the top ten crude oil producers in the world.

• Besides the largest conventional oil reserves and the second-largest natural gas reserves in the Western Hemisphere, Venezuela has non-conventional oil deposits approximately equal to the world's reserves of conventional oil.

School• Many children under five attend a preschool. Children are required to attend school from the age of six.

• They attend primary school until they are eleven. They are then promoted to the second level of basic education, where they stay until they are 14 or 15.

• Public school students usually attend classes in shifts. Some go to school from early in the morning until about 1:30pm and others attend from early afternoon until about 6:00pm.

• All schoolchildren wear uniforms. • Once a student ends 9th grade, they enter Diversified education, so called because the student must choose between studying either humanities or the sciences for the next two years. This choice usually determines what majors they can opt for at the college level.• Students are referred to as "beige shirts". • Upon completing Diversified education (11th grade), students are given the title of Bachelor of the Sciences of the Bachelor of Humanities. Some schools may include professional education, and instead award the title of Technician of the Sciences.

School: Part 2

Family• Venezuelans practice open-ended marriages, meaning there are few legal restrictions as long as the person marries someone of the opposite sex and of legal age.

• It is expected and predominant that people marry others of their same or higher social class standing—including racial status as well.

• The ideal is generally to marry somebody "whiter" or at least of the same racial status; the opposite, although not completely rare, is seen as going against the norm.

• In Venezuelan society the family and the role played by the mother are essential in the maintenance of the social fabric.

• It is expected that family members do everything in their power to help and support all family members

Tourist Attractions

• Caracas :

•Río Orinoco:

•The Andes:

•Caribbean Coast:

• Coro:

Tourist Attractions:

Part 2• Amazon

Jungle:

• Mystery Angel Falls:

HistoryHistory

• In 1499, as a member of Christopher Columbus's third voyage to the Americas, Alonso de Ojeda made an initial inspection of what is today Venezuela's northern Caribbean coast.

• Ojeda named this region Venice because the native houses were located on stilts above the Orinoco River's current.

• This initial name later evolved into that of Venezuela, which was then used to name the colonial territory under Spanish rule as the Capitanía General de Venezuela.

FoodAREPA: It is the most famous dish from Venezuela, and is a cornmeal cake that can be grilled, baked or fried.

EMPANADAS: The empanadas in Venezuela are deep fried, stuffed corn flour patties

GUASACACA: Is the queen of the sauces in Venezuela.

CACHAPA: Similar to the traditional American pancake (much thicker than an English pancake), it is made from a puree of corn, sugar, salt and oil. It is normally then folded over with a large piece of a soft white cheese inside.

TEQUEÑO: The classic Venezuelan party food, this bite size treats are served all throughout the country from a few friends gathered in a home to elaborate wedding cocktail hours.

HALLACA: There is nothing as important to Venezuelan cuisine as the hallaca.

Food Part 2

My Opinion• Venezuela is a must see place! I thought Venezuela was an amazing country. I enjoyed the food and the tourist attractions the most! My favorite food was the Cachapa. I thought the clothes were extraordinary and beautiful. I’d would’ve loved to stay there. The tourist attractions were incredible. I enjoyed the Amazon Jungle the most though. It was just so incredible, with the waterfalls and trees. The transportation was similar to ours but some of the cars were shaped differently. • However, there were poor places in Venezuela. Petare is one of the biggest poor areas in Caracas.

Soccer Players ;)#

Pos.

PlayerDate of Birth (Age)

Caps Goals Club

1 GK Renny VegaJuly 4, 1979 (age 32)

61 0 Caracas

12 GK Leonardo MoralesJuly 7, 1978 (age 33)

24 0 Deportivo Anzoátegui

22 GK Rafael RomoJuly 7, 1990 (age 21)

7 0 Udinese

2 DF

Rolf FeltscherOctober 6, 1990 (age 21)

0 0 Parma

3 DF

Andrés TúñezMarch 15, 1987 (age 24)

2 0 Celta de Vigo

4 DF

Oswaldo VizcarrondoMay 31, 1984 (age 27)

39 6 Olimpo

5 DF

Fernando AmorebietaMarch 29, 1985 (age 26)

2 1 Athletic Bilbao

6 DF

Gabriel CicheroApril 25, 1984 (age 27)

34 2 Lens

16 DF

Roberto RosalesNovember 20, 1988 (age 22)

32 0 Twente

20 DF

Alexander GonzálezSeptember 13, 1992 (age 19)

6 0 Caracas

Soccer Players ;)

8 MF Tomás Rincón

January 13, 1988 (age 23)

41 0 Hamburger

10 MF Ronald Vargas

December 2, 1986 (age 24)

14 3 Anderlecht

11 MF César González

October 1, 1982 (age 29)

42 3 River Plate

13 MF Luis Manuel Seijas

June 23, 1986 (age 25)

35 0 Standard Liège

14 MF Franklin Lucena

February 20, 1981 (age 30)

39 1 Caracas

17 MF Julio ÁlvarezMay 1, 1981 (age 30)

1 0 Numancia

18 MFJuan Arango (c)

May 17, 1980 (age 31)

101 19 Borussia Mönchengladbach

19 MF Juan GuerraFebruary 16, 1987 (age 24)

2 0 Las Palmas

21 MF Frank Feltscher

May 17, 1988 (age 23)

4 0 Grasshopper

# Pos. PlayerDate of Birth (Age)

Caps

Goals Club

7 FW Nicolás FedorAugust 19, 1985 (age 26)

34 9 Getafe

9 FW Giancarlo Maldonado

June 29, 1982 (age 29)

64 22 Atlante

15 FW Alejandro Moreno

July 8, 1979 (age 32)

38 3 Chivas USA

23 FWJosé Salomón Rondón

September 16, 1989 (age 22)

19 5 Málaga

Soccer Players ;)# Pos. Player Date of

Birth (Age)Caps Goals Club

Soccer ;)

Credits

Made by: Anastasia Amanatidis

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