9t 0. - Internet Archive

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9t 0. »»%«,, g <v4 PRINCETON, N. J.

Shelf.

PTh?R Division....

td o ry Section

Number.

PARADIGMS.

i

V

10 An Aramaic Method.

Paradigm A. THE PERSONAL PROAOUX.

Personal Nominative. Personal Genitive or Suffix of Nouns.

With Nouns Singular. With Nouns Plural.

Singular.

1 C. N'IS', (|1JK) I

2 e. m riJN,

(uun) thou

3rn. ^h,:nn\s*,

irpN, in he

Prov. 25: 20, like the Syr.)

3f. N''rMi\n'N',

HW T she

Plural.

1 C. NJim t : ~

>

we N'JTO, (JJK)

2 m. pin jk, jinx / 2 f. j’flJN', pnx \ ye

pawpaw I port, lan

3 f. pax, (parr,

Max)

^5 l V

Singular Suffixes.

1 c. *_ my

2 m. T|_ ) 9 f *7T •nt ( thy

3m.n_,nL his

3 f. n_, (in bibl. T

A. n_) her

Plural Suffixes.

1 c. our T T

2m.p3.op)

2 f. p < y°ur

3m.prr,(Din)) 31. pn, jn (their

Singular Suffixes.

1 c. y_ my

m..

2 f.

3m.>ni, n his

3f. Nn-f,(rl^

Dan. 7:7,19.) her

Plural Suffixes.

1 e. N'J’jl. ,Xa.>_, T T T T

(p* ) our

2m.fi y-) 2 f. iy_ \ your

3m.|ifT_ 3 f. ?rr_

theii

THE DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN.

Sing. m. pi, (pH, pH), pi, pi, (JHH) 1

f. “jl, XI

C. pi, xai, (,iai), pi Plur.c. pliSV Ip,S'. pj*, these,/ those. With article, this veryy

these very.

' this, that

An Aramaic Method. 11

The Pronoun. THE PERSONAL PRONOUN.

Personal Accusative or Suflix of Verbs.

By itself. With Nun Demonstrative.

Singular.

i c. *l>_, (*J) me

2 m. 7

2 f. T ^ l

r-1- t .. 1 thee

3 m. p W, nv, (♦Hi vri) him

J3 is inserted as in Hebrew

8 f. r i_, (Nil). n_ her between Verb and Suffix, e. g.,

mint Dan. II, 11.

Plural. Olpnpt Dan. IV., 2.

1 C. jo, JOi, (7_N1D T T T It T *•

vs non'. Dan. IV., 14.

2 m. fio J

2 f- p 1 you

rurrot Ruth n, 4.

*

3 m. fU, pJ_ \

3 f- P Pi. \l- } them

The Relative Pronoun.

**1, 1 (Insep.) who, which.

The Interrogative Pronoun.

\r2who1 (-130)

NO what? (no)

m. pn^N j who

f. NTN, (’TH, NTH) \ indeed T *• * T " J


Paradigm B.

Peal. Ithpeel. Pael.

Perf. 3 m. Pop nPop

p0 or pOpnS Pop npop

sn or npop npop

3 f. (p), npDpnN nPopns 2 m. SPI or r\%P

T bpop npop

2 f. nPobns 1 c. <p), nPpppN npop

PL 3 m. iPop iPbpns iPop 3 f. SpOp

pnPbp sPopns sPop

2 m. pnpopns pnPop 2 f. fnpop jnpopbs jnpop 1 c. SJpOp SJpOppN sipop

Inf. POpO sPppns SpOp Imp. 2 m. Ppp

’pop Popps* Pop

2 f. ’Popps ’Pop PL 2 m. iPpp

SlPpp iPopns iPop

2 f. sipbpns sipop *Impf. 3 m. PiO or Ptpp’ Popn’ Pop’

2 f. i'pppn ppopnn pPopb 1 c. Pops

i^pp’ Popns pPopri*

Pops PI. 3 m. n^pr

3 f. ippp’ ipoo* Act. Part. m. p'Op

f- sPop PopD'

spopo Pass. Part. m. P’Op

f- Sp’Op Poppo

S’poppo Popo

spopo *The Persons omitted in the Impf. differ from those given as in Hebrew.


The Strong Verb.

Ithpaal. Aphel. Peil. Peal Intransitive.

PppHN nPtspm ripDppK npppm npcpppN iPoppN xpppm

pr^opm inpcppN N'JpPp/IN

Pops* npppK

N'HorriPopN'

rtpppx nPcp'pN iPppN

NpDpX pn^ppN* ffipppN NJpppX

P’pp np’Dp

(xnppn)

.ppn, ppn napn

m nspn T napr

nspn iapp

etc.

iP’pp N‘P»pp

xpppm XpppN pppp PpppiN

’PtDpDN iPPppN

NJpPppN

PppN ’PPPX iPppx

NJpPW t : * * : _

cop etc.

^Dpn* pPtDpnn Ppprix ptop/v ip6pp’

Pppi ppppn

popnslpCSpN

ppb'p’* i^P’

EOp’ etc.

Peal Part.*as Present.

pppp Npbob

t : : ~

2 m. nppp pn’Ppp 2 f. ’nppp jnPpp l m. NJptop P’pDp l f. NpNppp f*pp

Ptsprio Npoppp

pppp Npppo

* Passive similarly.


Paradigm C. Strong

Suffixes. Sing. 1 com. 2 masc. 2 fem. 3 masc. 3 fem.

Pe.Prf. 3 m. pppp ir-p l^P npep rtQp- 3f. PPppp i^p *]nppp nnppp nn’ppp 2 m. orftep

P’nppp

etc. Same as 3 f. except that it does not take suffixes

2 f. ’irnpep rmppp

n’nppp nnppp »5_ Tjrfppp 1 c.

PI. 3 m. pftpp ^pp ■p^pp ’rrfrpp rrfrpp pj wfrpp n:\-ipep rpmpep

Nnjppp mU 111.

1 c. np-P l#ep ’n*pp

Inf. ’p£?pD 1^'P- 1*.. nPepp ’ni npppp npepp Inf. Avith ) } epenth. f p-frepo Tp’ptppO tppppo rppppn rp^ppp

Impf. 3 m.

3 m. Avith i J epenth. f

PI. 3 m.

p:ppp' \.*:rep*

T^P' “plPipp’

-pep* •p;. rpppp’ *pp -prep*

rnpp’ rppp* p;rep*

nrep* npbpp*

Imp. 2 m.

2 m. Avith }

J epenth. f

2 f.

PI. 2 m.

2f.

^p_,l7pp pjppp ’rppp

PJ pippp p£>pp

—

npop nrep ’rrppp ’rrfrpp 'nrep

Nn_ pop rpppp

NH’ppp Npppp NHJppp

Pa. Perf. p^pp l^P ppep n'ppp npep Inf. ’nrpp W*?P- pnrep nryfrpp nni^pp


Verb with Suffixes.

Plur. 1 com. 2 masc. 2 fem. 3 masc. 3 fem.

KJptpp pDppp pppp pippp i Pep Njfiptop pDpPpp pnppp p-inpDp prippp

of the second

NrripDp

person.

prpppp fpnppp fi3pppp ppppp pjfippp PPpPp

p JOlPpp K.U fOWpDp

popppp pjiPpp pjiPpp pjinppp

ppPtop pinppp

p^jppp p*pp pjjppp P*Pp XJptppD pDpppp fppppp pnpppp Ppppp

fOptDpD pDJpDpO pPcpp pipppp p?c?po

KJJpDP’ pDJppp' pjppp’ prpp* pPpp’ KJpPpP’ prgiPpp’ pjlppp’ p:ippp* pPppt

Npppp - -

pppp PP9P NJ’pDp prPpp PPPP N'pPpp pjippp pPPp NpJppp pjpppp P*PP

KJpPp pDpPp pppp pppp P^P NjmPtop

T T T J - pnpiPpp pniPpp prrpvtep pflPtDp


Paradigm D. Verbs Pe Nun.

Peal. Aphel. Ittaphal.

Perf. 3 m. p3i (np$j) .npsi

p£0N’ ,p3N‘ ' np3N

psnx 3 f. npsnx

np£)rin 2 m. Nn or npDi npi>N 2 f. npsi

np?i pp$N npsnN

hpsnx 1 c. np3N* PL 3 m. ipS! 1p3N )phm

3 f. KpBi pnpsi

Np3N pnpsa

Nplnx 2 m. pnnsnN 2 f. jripai fflpSN fnpsnx 1 c. NJpSl MpSN aopariK

Inf. (fn^p) ,p?o Kp£)N Np3nN Imp. 2 m. (NT) .pS ,pS P5N p§flN

2 f. vk ’p3N PL 2 m. IpS 1p2N* ^ipBnN

2 f. NIP? Wp@« N^pInN Impf. 3 m. pis* ,p3j ,p3!

(friN) .ppsn p3!

ppsn psn*

2 f. ppsnn

PL

1 c. p3N p3N m

psnN ppsn’ 3 m. (pini’) ,pps’

3 f. ip?’ m ipsn’ Act. Part. m- p31

f- N‘psi p30

N'pSP Pass. Part. m.

f- N'p’31 pSD

NpSO pans

Npsnp


Paradigm E. Verbs Ayin Doubled.

Peal. Aphel. Ittaphal.

Perf. 3 m. P"! nn

(P’JM piN‘ p1DS‘ 3 f.

Dpi# np-iN

npins 2 m.

rtpl npins4

2 f. npinx 1 c. npi npix npins'

PI. 3 m. ’pi -’pi ’pi« ipim 3 f. Npl N'piN' spins' 2 m. pnpp pnpitf pnpinM 2 f. inpp iPp™ pipms' 1 c. NlpIN fcOp'lfiN

Inf. DIO (npyn) N'PiN s'pins' It r - •

Imp. 2 m. pi (ton ton) p^N pins 2 f. ’piN' ’p'lflK

PI. 2 m. ’P-1 *ip% ipins' 2 f. JODIS'

t : - sopins‘

Impf. 3 m. (Pw’ .Pir*) pi* pi! pip’ 2 f. lyw I’pnn ppipp 1 c. p“tK pIS'

I’pP! pint*

PI. 3 m. m npin’ 3 f. ip-!’ liTT- ippp’

Act. Part. m- ppn pino ,pio f' NPP7 xpio /

Pass. Part. m. D’pl f' «P’P1

pis N*piO

pins s'pipo

18 Ax Aramaic Method.

Paradigm F. Guttural Verbs.

Pe (iut. Ayin Gut. Iiametlh Out.

Peal. Peal. Pa el. Peal.

Perf. 3 m. ■q# rr •Pnp*' • i •

(pa) :np,

3 f. etc. nror 2 m. etc.

1 c. n-oy rvnrp

•

etc. etc. j

Inf. -nrro .-ojo jn id iOnp T t|t

Imp. 2 m. TDtf ,“0tf fin? ,jna n?r 2 f. >-o# etc. ’ror

PI. 2 in, OOT ' V *. 1 etc.

etc.

■or -or rn y rOr .rotr Impf. 3 m. \ ’

pir T.rrr etc. etc.

etc.

Act. Part. nnr “ T

Pass. Part. no# prn _ J •

nor


Par. C. Verbs Pe Aleph and Pe Yodh.

Peal. Peal. Peal.

Perf. 3 m. "1DX

3 f. moN4 ,rnm i e. mas ,rnoN4

I1?’ DtO’

Inf. "lO’O .“laKD

xn4D

■jna rtya

imp. ,ion*

ins

jn n1?

Impf. 3 m. Tl” nON* jny TT .n1?”. yo” Act. Part.

“ T

etc.

n etc.

etc.

Aphel. Aphel. Apliel.

Perf. 3 m. ’j“VX ,-QiN*

fO’X

riiN4 ,Tl?iN 3’P’N‘

Inf. KWX ,X131N‘ T T : - T T

royriN .xjnix NDlDW* T T

Imp*. 3 m. "DiK* mi’ jrriX! jnr

Act. Part. *SV12

etc.

riiN'a -pte

etc.

etc.


Paradigm H.

Peal. Ithpeel. Aphel.

Perf. 3 m. DPt nop

D’pnx .Dpnx napnx

D'pl’X ,(H ,K) ,D’pK

CO (p) na’pN' 2 m. n nop naprix n na'px 2 f. m npppx np'pk\; 1 c. nop or nap napnx (p) nwpx

PI. 3 m. lap IDppN 3 f. NDpnK N'.a'pN' 2 m. pfiDp pnppnN pnapa 2 f. mp inpppiN inapN 1 c. N?Op xippnN

Inf- Dip?? ,DpD ,DpO N'apna aapa Imp. 2 in. □ *lp DppK D’pN

2 f. ’??1p vpw ra’pN PI. 2 m. *)D*lp IDpJlK 1D*pN‘

2 f. fcOp*)p N’jappN* NiapN Impf. 3 m. >,!,♦ ,D*ip\ opn’

papnn D*p*

pp’pri 2 f. ppnpri 1 c. □IpN DpriN

P»PP’

D'pN PI. 3 m. |*1 Dip** p^’p:

3 f. I W: i?PP’ i?’P’ Act. Part. m. D'P QN'P D’p-?

xa’pa f.

Pass. Part. m. D’p N’a’p

DpiTO N’apna

opa f. Napa

An Aramaic Method. 2i

Verbs Ayin Vav.

Ittaphal. Polel. Ithpolal. Peil.

DpriN* nppnx rrapriN ppprns*

nppm lappN

NOpHN pnppnx [ripprus*

NPppm

opip nppip nppip nppip

nppip ippip

Nppip pnppip jnppip spppip

DPipnK nppippN nppipriN nppippN nppippix

ippipntf NPPipriK

pnppiprtN jnppipnN

Npppiprix

yp rw ,nyp

n'yp etc.

KDpnK NDOlp Nppipnx Dpf)K DPip

’ppip

ippip NPppip

Dpippx ’PPipriN

ippippix Npppipnx

y'y

etc.

Dpn! pppnn apm pbbrr

□pip’ pppipn

DPipN pppip’

mv:

opipn* pppipnh

DpipriK pppipri’ ippippi’

yy etc.

Dpi pp KPpipp

Dpnp Nopno

DPipp NPpipp

DPipnp Nppipnp


Paradigm I.

Peal. Ithpeel. Pael.

Perf. 3 m. XpJ ’pjnx 3 f. nxô ,noo ,rf?j

t : “ : t : nxv rrPj/ix nx*_ n’Pi

2 m. rv_; rv'M n’^jnx n’pj 2 f. n*- ri’pj n’Pirix n4j 1 c. nîi n’Pinx ♦n’— nî

PI. 3 m. IX’IorVpiplX ix’-j v*?i 3 f. x^-inx xjgi 2 m. pri5^ pn’Pirix (P) prvPi 2 f. fn’pj jnîpix (p) p-ypi 1 c. XJ’^J

t •• : xj^jdx

t : • I1?) XJ,l?JI

T * “

Inf. X’_ X- XpJD t : t •

nxpjnx t t : : *

nxpj T T “

Imp. 2 m. v X- J x_ ’pjnx (’JO) X_ *0 2 f. XPJl xPinx xPi

PL 2 m. iPipix 1*4 2 f. r_ xjP'j

It t t : x^jnx

t t : : • XJpI

T T ”

Impf. 3 m. »_ xPp V xpjry xPp 2 f. P^ti ppjnri ppjn 1 c. xPjx N?im xPjx

PI. 3 m. p -n ji? M 3 f. p1?* i:1?^ ft*

Act. Part. m. kPj xPjo f. x’Pi

t : t X’pjo

t : ~ :

Pass. Part. m. *_ XpJ ♦_ x^jno ’^JO f. X'Pj

t : “ x’Pino

t : ~ : • X’PJO

t : - :

Ax Aramaic Method. 23

Verbs Lamedh Aleph.

Ithpaal. Apliel. Ittaphal.

V ’pJX N'_ ^jnx n’îrix nipix nx’—n’înx n’^nx n’_ n*- rv'wx jTpjnx rvilna n’Pix n’Pirix rvVinx \T.- n’îx n’pinx

IN’E.vîpix 1N4,1_ VpJX v’rinx nx’&nx X’fjK x’Vjnx pnînx4 prftix prrPim

fnîiN pi'p^nx x'Ajnx4

t • “ : xj’^x

t • : - x^Jinx t • : “ •

rrxxnx4 t t ~ : • nx^x

t t : “ nxpjnx t t : — •

N'— ’pjnx nix x_ 'pjnx xînx XpJX xPmx fjjjTX tfix lp;nx

xj&nx t t - : • XJ^JX

t ■• : - xr^jnx t *• : - *

V xpjrv (npjn’i’-vx^’ XpJfV p'pjnn x*?4nx

pxh nP.ix

ppjnn xPinx

ffriri’ P^- P^W ppjrv i:1?*

(xpjno) xPjd x’Pjo

t : : ~ rfmna ’PJD XPJflD Kîno

t : “ : • X’PJlO t : : N’pjno

t : : - •


Par. J. Nouns with Pronominal Suffixes.

Masculine IVonn. Feminine Xoun.

time. NVH animal. T **

Singular. Plural. Singular. Plural.

Abs. st. rw PTO Nvrr T ”

(time) (times) (animal) (animals)

Const, st. m TO nyn nvrr (time-of) (times-of) (animal-of) (animals-of)

Emph. st. TO N-TW Nnvn Nnvn

(the time) (the times) (the animal) (the animals)

WITH SUFFIXES.* WITH SUFFIXES.

Suff. Sing. 1 com. TO

Tiyn wn • T ”

2 masc. TO TO PTO

2 fem. TO TO

qnyn pto 3 masc.

TO ’nuny nnvn nnvn .. T ..

3 fem. piny T T * T T T # nnvn t : nnvn

T T *•

Plur. 1 com. Niny T|T T T • 1 Ninvn t t : •• Nnvn

T|TT "

2 masc. PTO fttTO pDipvn pDnyn

2 fem. PTO PTO pnyn pnyn

3 masc. PTO piTTO jinnyn jinnyn

3 fem. 1TO PTO in.nyn fnnyn

* The forms with suffixes, my time, thy time, etc., are sometimes called'

Possessive.


Par. K. Declension of Masculine Nouns.

Sing. Abs.

a.

no

\

b.

fr* a.

tiiyT b.

f03 Const.

(mountain)

"110 (tree)

f?’S ,p’S (eternity)

□Sy “ T

(priest)

[0? Emph. Nnro

T siS’s

T T siPy KJPD

Suit. 3 s. m. ooio oj“?’s ## T n-^‘ njrp

Suit. 2 pi. m. fiinio pP’S (13103 Plur. Abs. HID

r*?? Const. mo ’P’S

.. -j- ’103 Emph. n nvo

T “ S’P’S

T T s’pj; ROPD t —: r

Suit. 3 s. m. ’Oino ’nip’s ’ T ’nioSy ’01103

Suff. 2 pi. nt. fionio |13’P’S ii.

C. d. Sing. Abs. S1?! Pi?

Const. (revealing-) (made captive)

S’1?! •* T

Pi? Emph. S’1?!

t : t Spl?

T ; ; —

Stiff. 3 s. m. O’1?! : t

opi? Stiff. 2 pi. m. P’1?! J13’1?!’!

Piur. Abs. pro Const. ’*?!

** T Pro

Emph. S’1?! T “ T

Spl? T “ l ~

Suff. 3 s. m. ’Oi1?! * T ’Oi1?!?

Stiff. 2 pi. m. ji3pi?

e.

’SDOp ,’DOp (first)

’Opj?

Wlp W!i2

’Oisoop

|i3’S0"Tp

r


Par. L. Declension of Masculine Nouns

III.

a. b. c. d. 6.

Sing. Abs. (Tj^Q) *]ip M opn IT trip (king) (time) (dream) (eye) (sanctuary)

const, (rj^a) 10? Din p« trip Emph. XOhb WO? NDin atrip

(KJ\tf) orKtJTJp&c.

Suff. 3 s. m. rnpr rtpip ntr-tp

Suff. 2 pi. m. J13JPf fippiri (nj y)

p3JT P^P Plur. Abs. pior ppin JPT r^’ip

Const. '’OfrO 9t?r •pin Tip

Emph. X'0!?D mm N’pin (J. a'

NPT NT'ip («T,r^)

Suff. 3 s. m. ’rrbSa ’nuor biipin Ti trip

Suff. 2 pi. m. miry)

jiP’Pi'i p39*tf (jfcrrjy

jiDTip

III.

Sing. Abs. /.

ipppp (killed)

0.

34 (back)

h.

W (goat)

i.

OX (people)

Const. Pppnp Nippnp nippnp

34 T Dtf Emph. (HDQ) K3J KJJ? Suff. 3 s. m. H34 nry npts*

Suff. 2 pi. m. pDippip L. P33 p3ty |i33N Plur. Abs. pibp/io

’ippnp NitppiP

♦niippnp ppitppnp

(i'ii) P3Jt i’T P3X Const. *34 ♦PN

Emph. N£4 NV\3X

Suff. 3 s. m. *ni34 bitty *rrtoa

Suff. 2 pi. m. |i3*34 p3-ty p3\2J*

Ax Aramaic Method. 27

Par. M. Declension of Feminine Nouns.

Sing. Abs.

a. b.

ntro c.

13*70 (1.

N’^TJ

Const.

(province)

orop (camp)

ono’o (kingdom)

013*70 (revealing-)

0’*7J “ : t

Emph. NOJ’OO t : • :

OT'a t * : -

koisPo r : ~ NO’*7J T * T

Suff. 3 s. m. nro'-p n,TX': 0013*70 0O’*7J •* * T

Suit. 2 pi. m. p3orop ppiotpo fiooispo f130’*7J Plur. Abs. fntpo n?7» r*7j

Const. runs t • :

oocr'o t : : “ 013*70

t : : “ 0’*7J t : t

Emph. t t • : XjI'TD

t t : : - N013*70 t t : : “ N0’*71

T T : T

Suff. 3 s. m. ♦oioroo • t • : ’oiontro • t : : — ’01013*70 • t : : - ’OiO’*7.1 • t : t

Suff. 2 pi. m. fl3pj’oo jiDpnp'o |13013*70 1130’*7J 1 : t : t

6. Sing. Abs. N*?01N

Const.

(widow)

0*70")N‘

Emph. N*0*70~IK

Suff. 3 s. m. 00*?03N‘

Suff. 2 pi. m. fl30*701iS‘

Plur. Abs. f?9T»

Const. O*703X t : : -

Emph. N0*700{* t t : : ~

Suff. 3 s. m. ’0lO*700K • x : : -

Suff. 2 pi. m. J13P*7P0K

/. a.

nNO"!D )y Ay (first) (virtue)

oxoop 013)

KO’Oip N0131 t :

oo’oop 0013)

p30’00p (130131

1WP m ONOOp 0131

t : “

N'O’OOp T T T -

nto t t : ”

*rri rraip t t : | -

’010131 • t : “

poppip j^rvpr


Paradigm N. A. Cardinals from 1 to 10.

No. With the Masculine

Absolute. | Construct.

With the Feminine

Absolute. | Construct.

1 in m xtn mn 2 pn nn pnnn TO

3 nnbn nnbri vibn 4 n;anx yana >n#anN 5 ntrarr than Tity'an 6 nritb nb 'nm 7 runts’ njntb jntb 8 mnn rrian bbn ,b?n ♦naan 9 rwn ni!tr'b yts’ri vu^n

10 *rpjl rnbj/ nob woy

B. Cardinals from 11 to 1J>.

Masculine. Feminine.

ii “ip# nn np# inn 12 no nn) noy nn (np^rnn) npj; Nrrin

( ap’brn ' , j np'nbrt 5

13 np’bp) n?i‘ npn 14 npanx) ip# ruunx (npnpx) np# ;nax 15 np’on) bp]/ xtran (np*bn) np# tpn

(nb’nb) (npn’p’) npi* np> 16 j ibw' j ^ iw

17 nbat?') ap# runts’ '' (*ib£ nian

(nppp*) npj? ;*p"*'

18 npaaci ^ npi* aan (nona’)

19 id# ru$Ti J npntr j HP1? WP

Numerals An Aramaic Method. 29

C. Cardinals.

Masculine. Feminine. Masculine. Feminine.

20 par. 90 pjitpi 30 rtf?* 100 UNO

t :

40 1000 t^j* ,N‘Px

50 rrpD **

10,000 IS"! 60 iw 1,000,000 ppN‘ eptt

70 100,000,000 n?* ^ 80 pan ,pan

I>. Ordinals.

No.

With the Masculine

Absolute. | Emphatic.

With the Feminine

Absolute. | Emphatic.

1 *Qlj5 nxatp rwanp

ran tt : •

nrvanp

2 h* tt : • min t : •

3 (apn) ’rpn ntfn,l?n t t • :

NrPn t • :

KrvrPn • t •• * :

4 T5*! (K’jrtttyan TT T T * I T T

mjr:n

5 ’pan nation t t * iWW

t t • mtrorr

t •

6 <’n p vvntr- rrKrvn^ t t • : rwvrP

t t • : Mn’rvne’ t * * • :

7 ’j/’rp rtN'ipe*' nxipa*' i'p'jpe’

8 wop rowon t t • : rwu’an

t t : mrpn

9 ’Jptpl nxipTi rrK;”£T) xn’ip’n

10 n;p£ np;pi’ n$yo%


Paradigm O. Prepositions with Suffixes.

l.

3.

1.

3.

m.

V-

jf-

\m'

^ m.

> in thee

D ? Singular.

*P in me

in,

T3i rra in him

rD in her T

Plural.

[P in us It t t

P3? m

[ins PH3

in you

in them

3.

2) *7

Singular.

ill.

to me

T T

m.

f.

m.

f.

to thee f. ’D’1? t1?

m. PT*? to him

f. n1? .H1? to her “ T

Plural.

iS-fOP to us

p3p, f to you

jin1?) j* to them

1.

3.

m.

2> ] f.

I

m.

f.

3)

Singular.

PPP ,PP from me

( m.

A- rpp)

\ from ^ee

( m. HPP from him

1f- PUP from her T •

us

Plural.

N^p ,||P from

[1310

jinio > from them

from you

*) Py

Singular

i- Pr upon me

( m. ifiy) 2. < p H ^ npon thee

’iPypniPy upon him

l f.

1.

2.

3.

V upon her t t

Plural.

kN

m.

f.

m.

upon us

upon you

T T

I*1

|( pijy ^ upon them

AN

Aramaic Method A CLASS BOOK FOR THE STUDY OF

THE ELEMENTS OF ARAMAIC

FROM BIBLE AND TARGUMS

CHARLES R.‘ BROWN.

PART I. TEXT, NOTES AND VOCABULARY

CHICAGO:

AMERICAIvMPUBLICATION SOCIETY OF HEBREW,

MORGAN PARK.

1884.

Copyright, 1884, by Charles R. Brown.

►

TO

OAKMAN S. STEARNS, D. D.,

PROFESSOR OF OLD TESTAMENT INTERPRETATION IN

NEWTON THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTION;

THE TEACHER AND FRIEND,

THE PATERNAL COUNSELLOR AND FRATERNAL COMRADE,

THIS LITTLE WORK

IS INSCRIBED WITH RESPECTFUL AFFECTION

BY

HIS PUPIL.

PREFACE TO PART I.

This volume is intended as a Reading Booh for the acquisition of

the elements of Aramaic by the so-called Inductive method. For

this reason, it is issued as Part I. The term Aramaic is chosen to

avoid the use of the name “Chaldee,” which is not strictly correct.

The following pages need a word of explanation:

1. To facilitate Introductory study, the Paradigms thought most

suitable to beginners have been inserted before the Title Page of

this (first) Part, though they properly belong to Part II., the Gram¬

mar.

2. The arrangement of the text will be helpful chiefly to those

who are familiar with the Elements of Hebrew. Genesis I.—X., of

Baer’s edition, have been printed with the corresponding verses of

Onkelos on the opposite page, in order that the student may see the

elementary laws of Aramaic as they diverge from those of Hebrew.

It is thought that, under the direction of a judicious teacher, this

part of the text may serve as a constant black-board exercise, with

a great saving of time. Whether this idea is a sufficient excuse, as

it is the sole excuse, for the publication of a new Chrestomathy,

must be decided by the practical value of the same. These chap¬

ters are followed by selections from the Targum of Jonathan Ben

Uzziel and from the later Targums. The Targum of Onkelos, being

the purest Aramaic and, at the same time, a nearly literal trans¬

lation of the Pentateuch, seems best fitted for the acquisition of

principles; after this, the Biblical Aramaic may be studied intelli¬

gently, and its Hebraisms noted; and, lastly, the later and more

corrupt Targums may be read with advantage.

PREFACE.

The text followed lias been that of Walton’s Polyglot,* only

readings plainly wrong (as the omission of daghesh-lene from the

Aspirates after a consonant or disjunctive accent) having been

altered; but the beginner must be warned that the strict laws of

tone and syllabication do not obtain in Aramaic, though the differ¬

ent texts vary much in this particular. Owing likewise to corrup¬

tions of text, it is, in some cases, impossible to say whether a read¬

ing is an error, or a Hebraism. Critical editions of the various

versions of the Old Testament are the crying need of the time.

3. The Notes include textual, grammatical and hermeneutical

remarks upon the text printed, including the Biblical Aramaic.

Many of them are condensations from other authors. The writer

is indebted especially to the late Dr. F. Weber and to Dr. E. Schra¬

der in works to which reference is made. The Commentaries on

Daniel and Ezra have also been of assistance to him and some use

has been made of the translation of the Targum of Onkelos by

Etheridge.

4. The Vocabulary embraces brief definitions of all words in the

same selections. Buxtorf, Levy and the Manuals have been used

freely but with occasional modification.

The author wishes to express particular thanks to Prof. William

B. Harper, Ph. D., and Mr. B. F. Harper for important suggestions

and untiring devotion to his interests, and to Babbi B. Felsenthal

of Chicago for confirmations of his own opinion in the decision of

doubtful questions of etymology.

With the hope that this book may contribute something to the

advancement of Shemitic studies, it is offered to the student of

them. C. B. B.

Newton Centre, May 25, 1884.

* So closely has this been done, that the traditional authorship of the Pales¬ tinian Targum to the Pentateuch has been left undisturbed, though this Tax-gum in its present form belongs to a date much later than the author of the Targum on the Prophets. (See pages 45, 46.)

CONTENTS OF PART I

I. Genesis I.—X., The Hebrew Text and Targum of Onkelos on Page. Parallel Pages. 9—43

II. Note of References to the Biblical Aramaic. 44 III. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan,

Genesis chap. VIII.45—47 IV. Targum of Jonathan Ben Uzziel,

Joshua chap. XX. 47 Isaiah chap. VI.48—49

V. Targum on the Psalms, Psalm XXIV. 49 Psalm CL.49—50

VI. Targum on the Megilloth, Ruth chap. II.50—52

VII. Notes on the Text.53—70 Abbreviations. 54 Onkelos, Genesis I.—X.55—61 Biblical Aramaic.62—69 Other Targums.69—70

VIII. Vocabulary. 71-112 Note to Vocabulary. 72

10

LIBER GENESIS.

CAPUT 1 N

«:pxn nxi DWn nx D’ribx xna n’a’xna 2 rmi oinn aa-Py ntr'rn inai inn nn*n pnxm

_i a : -J” : | v c : t jt : It I v t t :

3 mx-’n’ D’nnx naxn : D’an aaPy nanna D’hnx 4 D’hnx nnan aia-’a nixn-nx D’hnx xnn : nix-’nn

v: J" : — A at v y v: :s“ | * :|~

n -prP oi* nix1? i D’nnx xnpn : “[tprin pi mxn pa e naxn a : nnx oi’ npa-’nn anp’nn nb’b xnp

: a’an d’d pa bhaa \nn D’an rtina ;”pn D’hnx 7 nnna na*x b’an pa nnan iPpnn-nx D’hnx a*p 8 xnpn : ?a-’,nn pph? hya na-'X D’an pai jnpnh

a : at? dv npa-’nn anp’nn o W ppnb D’hnx 9 nnx mpa-Px b’btr'n nnna D’an lip’ D’hnx naxn ’ pnx na’a-’P i D’hnx xnpn • ra-\nn na*a’n nxnm

I V V T T-- <• v: T| : — Ip • :|~ At t- c/ t|" :

ii naxn : aia-’a D’hnx xnn D’a’ xnp D’an nipani A- - -IT | T

N 1

np’ na j’;* pr pnpa aip;‘xtp pxn xnn D’nnx 12 xinni : p-’nn pnxnP;’ ia-ipr na’x irap ha

ntpx ‘•'3-np;* pp ini’ah pr pnra air;* xtpn pnxn

v. l. *rah o

11

LIBER GENESIS.

DlPpjlK DUin

CAPUT 1 K

K rvn ki’iki : k;>ik m kmbi n’ ” Kin poipn 2

T : - jT~: : | *t : - j- : ct - : J- At: jt : I c- :|- :

;’-Dip-jo N’nrn KDinn ’SK-py KDitPm K’jpm : Kiini-mm Kiini-M’ ” idki : km ’2K-py KntMo 3

pm kimj pa ” tr’iSKi no-’iK Kiinj-n’ ” wm 4

K’P’P Kip kdmmPi kmo’ kiinjp ” kipi : Knisrn 5

K;”pi w ” ioki : in nop iSMiini eMi-mm 6

-jt ” in;i : kmP km pa tmisa mi km miMMa 7

KM p31 Ki‘*pip jnpO M KM p3 D’’12K1 Kj/’pl

MMl KMtp KJP’piP ” Kipi : pMini K^’plp p£0 M 8

rnnna km pminn’ idki • pin dp isunim mm 9 ” Kipi :p-nni Knmm nnnm in imp kMm » -’IK ” Ktm M’ Kip KM nittMD-JTDpl Kj'IK knma’P

n’jnrmi Knmy nknn k>’ik n’Kin ioki :no 11

-p;? np-n»jnfi3 p norp pis ini’ pis |P;k j-ppo n'lHf-ini Knap hkhi kI’ik np’SKi: p-nipi k;’ik 12

*nij?p np n'j'if-131 pin-iDi: jP’ki Miirp ;ppo

12 (1 N) Creatio.

13 apa-’rn aapna: 3ip*’3 D’rtP$ pa inrap ia-ijnr 14 jpaa nap 4<a4 c4npks4 apxa a : 4P4pp dv

hhxP vm rtP’Pn pi ovn pa PnanP D4bPn 10 D4bPn j44paa haiNDp i4m : o4JPi d4o4Pi D’ajaoPi i6 rhNsrr uP-nx o’PPn4 pp: p-4na pxn-py a4xnP

aixarrnx'i dP nPPoaP 'P'ajn aixarrnx o’Pajn < t ~ v : _ v j/ : v : t “ < t _ v A' : -

iv D’roK onx rn'i: D4aaian nxa nP’Pn nPPoaP jbprr is np’Pa-i Dva PPdP4! : pNrrPj; a4N\ap D4aPn jpaa 19 -4na : aitp-’a D’liPx xaa "[plan pai aixn pa P'aanPi

v> unP4 d4HPn aaxa a : 4paa oi4 apa-»na aa;4

ppa aa-P# ppxn-Pj; ^aijp t]ija rm Paa pap D4bn 21 ParPa nxa D’Pajin ojann-nx D4rtPx xaaa • own

vjv t -i" : A' : _ 4" • ~ - v • v: jt: •• • |t t -

nippa nxi oru’oP o’fen ikap apx npban i rvnn 22 D4nPx onx aaaa : aro-4a o4riPx xaa ini’oP rpa

v v: ‘Jt | vit:- | • y v: — •■ • : |tt

aa» nu4m a4b4a b’brrnx ixPoi irni iaa aoxP 23 a : 4P4pn si4 apa-’na aapvn : paxa 24 poai nona nb»P rm Paj pxn xian o4nPx aoxa ™ paxa n-rmx b4rtPx pp .* ?a-\aa npp pk\4-in4m

I v T T -- V • v: *^j— I |" • :|- At • : I yvy : - :

inraP noaxn Poa-Pa nxi nraP nonarrnxi nbaP A" ’ : it t-; |t y jv t j“ : t • : t - y : t • :

26 liapya oax nP>4J D4npK aak\"i : aiu-’a D4npks4 Naa V : - : -jt t jv :\~ • y: y j- | Y y: :j—

-paai nanaai □’bPnaipi D’nnhaiaa’maiaaa 271 dtIPn4 ks4aa4i : pxrrpjr Po'an PaarrPaai paxn

<’ y: t : | Y |t t - J“ |t Y IY t t : I Y t t

xaa napjn aar inx ks4aa D4npks4 opya ibpya baNn-jax Jtt i,t|": ;tt a jt t i.- y: vjv : : - : t t |t

28 imi na d’HPn dHP apxa b4nPx bnx aaa4i : onx ■J : J ■ ' v: v tv- • y: t | yjt:- |t

D’bPn nipi b4n njaa nai npaai raxn-nx ixPai • - t ~ I *j : t - <- : • : t AY v.t t y J : '

a X) DiPpJiX DUin 13

: ’xmPn oi* nax-mm rarnini : aa-’ix ” m 13 |t • : > : t - j~ : t~:~ |t (.t: n “

xpp’ pa xtk'nsxP x*pbh xjnpna pirn Tin* ” naxi u or t : I ;•• tt:-: t - : • | • : • I • : I < : t: j :-

:jppn ppi* jina-ppapi pjpfpi pas*1? jinn x;P’P pai -mpi xpx’Pji xnmixp x’ptp x^’ppp jnirpp jinn lE> kan xumrm x’anan xninj jnn-m " nap :p ie nn x’P’Pa aPtppp kip** xnimrnn xba*a aPtraP -py xnnjxP x-’pkh xrpna ” ?inn* ann : x’aaia 17

(.t t : - : At- : • jT r : ' U: I J : - )~ • |t~ : |

*mro pa xtknsxPi x’P’Pai xaa*a bPsrpPi : xjnx is oi’ nap-mm tppn-mm : aa-nx ” x?m xaicr'n pai 19

* ‘ ~ t ~ j- : t ~ |t •• *.t: jt ~ ^t I j** ; v

xaijn xmn xtysj Pm x:,p 7iti*nn* ” npxi : ’xy’pn -

-;r p xnai : x;p:P xjnpn ’sx-pjj xjnx-pj? man 21

h xtkmn xmn xsp'aj-Pa m x’anan xppn ■ : - • t •• t : jt : - jt : - t j-: At- : : ~ or- • -

: aa-nx ” wm nikP man xeippa nn jiiiprP x’p

x’pp’a k’p-m ippi iJDi 1P13 np’pp ” jinn’ rpnai 22

: W’pn oi’ nax-nmi tppn-mm : xpxa pd* xaijn 23

mm tp'mi n*j?a nirn xmn xa>aj xjnx p’an ** npxi 24

-nn n3fp xjnx nin-m” najn: ja-mni mtP xpx ^

-nx ” wm ’nijfp Njnin w'nn-Pa nn nirP knpa

fiDptr'n Npmpna woPxa n’ppn’ n’apj ” nosn : ao 2c,

-Paai Kinx-paai knpaai N-w'n N‘3i;*ai ka* bua

n’bPpa bnN-n* ” Nnai : Kjnx-py cnm xann 27

:jinm xna xapm nan n*n* xna ”n xapya Njnx-n* iPpi iJDi itPis ** jirrP nbxi ” Tinn’ rpnai 2s

-Paai x’pan xsipai ka* awa ibPtin npjmapni t : t- : jt ^ : t - <•• : At**1: |\ :

14 (2 3) jVB'X-O Paradisus.

29 >nru run o’hbN nakn : pxn-by ntrann n’n-tai dni pkn-ba aa-bjr pi pi i Dppp-nN* dd1? : nPP nprD3b pr pr p-na i3*nt?i* fp-ba

^ -bj; rain i bbbi D’brn rpy-babi p&n nvrbDbi -»nn nbaP ary pi’-p-riN n*n tvs>: p-nab* pkn

31 -*nn nxa aia-nim npi ncw-p-nx bPbx Nnn * p a : wn oi» npn-’nn any

r . _ j jv v • ;|- ’.v

CAPUT 2 ^

2 DiP D’HpN ban : 3N'3i-p31 pNm DPSP ibb’l

-baa ppp'in Dip rap ntp inapt? ppp

3 parn DV-nN d'Pn pan : nip na% inapp D’ribN N13-3ti\S‘ lh3N‘Po-p3D har 13 ’3 ink tPp’i

4 omana pNvn own ninbin nbN 2 : niipb n nntrn np 1 Pi : d wi pN d’Pn mn’ nip dip

y t - - -i- j : • |t t : I y r: y y: n : ■> ■

kb p naif’ did nntrn ary-bai pka n’n* did At : ■ YJY Y.'T - Y T : | YT t JY : I- YY<

-ns* nay^ P onNi pkn-by b’ribk pin’ n’ban e mon^n as-ba-nx rw'ni pKn-ra nby* nksn man^n

|t T -: |t j" : T y Jyt : • : I yat t I • JY*~:\- y- : |t t~: |t

t nan nbnNn-ra nay on^n-nx DTibk nin’ nrn 8 nin’ ybn : rrn tr2Jb onxn \nn D"n naeb vsn3

st : - • - |T - •;)•; : itt |t >• A' - j- : ■ Yr - :

: nr ntr'k Dnxn-nx ob dpi onpo pp p D’ribN |tt r: i>t t ]t y t v jt- y|ay* 1 Yn‘‘ : h~ r y:

9 nmab nara ry-ba nan^n-ra bribx mn* naan :pi did npn pp pn -j'lna bv,nn pp baxap d'idi

15 (2 n) DV?pJiN Dinn

■rv nb1? /rbrr &n ” now : NjnN-by Nts*rrn mn 29

-nn x;nx-p3 ’ax-P# *3 yppra rp;n'-333 xgtpy-Pa ti3P jmro rr;nr-333 xjp’x-ns rra-n xjp*x-p3 1 P3P1 w?i xbiy-PaPi x;nx nirrPaPi : P3’aP vr 17

X33’;' piT-^-iT Xj3’I3 XElfiJ !3’33 X;’3N'-p;'

ppn xm 33,y n-paw » xrm : p-nini Pa’aP 31

: ww of “iss-rnm tp'03-nini X3nP IT J v.- : J- rtT

CAPUT 2 ^

xaf3 »♦ ’yen : pn'P’rrPai x;nxi xW iPPantrxi 2 -psa nxyotf xai’3 mi 33;' h mroy nxratn

t • t ^t • : jt : t : At . -r v." : : t *t • :

tr»3pi nx;'’3tp xai’-n*. ’’ rjnrn : 33# ’3 3*333;' 3

:33tfaP ” K33-n n’may-Pso m n*3 nx nvv

33;' ’3 X3i'3 1X’33j3X*33 X;’3X1 j33pin pPX 4 ■j-^~: j• t : A‘ : : ‘ - 4T : “ : vt - : st : I I J" *

tin xP-3;7 xPpn \>P*x 1 Pin : x Wi x;nx d\3Px ” n J -: T T I : - J" T • j : |t - : ~t:~ v v: jt\

-j3’nX Xp »3X nDi Xp-3;' Xppl33 X3D;’-p31 X;'3X3

w nPaaP n*P srfxi x;nx-P;’ b’PPx ” xPaa

’2X-p3-j3’ 'pc'Xi x;nx*io ppD-mn x;yn : xno3X e Xi3D3X-fD X33;' 03X33’ O’HPX ” X331 : X303X 7

: xPPaa nnP D3X3 mm ”m xnaea ’nisjxa nan |t : - : - J : 4t t : jt-.- A“f“ : Jt : : • : >- :

-3* fan ntp'xi papppa jpj^g xm; c'n^x'.•* 3’ipn s

iP'x-Pa xinx-?a b’PPx ” naaxi : X33 '3 D3X 9

xh;j m;”v.a3 xti ?P»xi P3'aP 3Di ’rnaP jj3a3

-nip X33J1 : ts*gp 3£p-p3 pa3rr’ni3’3-’p3X3 fP’xi ♦

16 (2 3) jvtyann Paradis us.

’ rrnt nbo’ btrpt pn-nx niptrnb pp xp’ Hut vt t : " t • t IAt- v |V : - : I V ” •• j" t t :

n -bo nx oobn xm furs onxn osr lO’p'Xi npoxb 12 otr Dio xinn pxn onn: nun dci'-to nbonn px 13 obiDn xin ?ino otP oun-oP: oncP pxi nboon i-i rjbhp xin bpon ’Bptp tun op : Po px-bo nx 'o o’nbx nin* npo :ma xin poon turn oitrx npop in nin’ ip : nootPi mop pppo inuo ooxn-nx iv ppi :bpxn box pn-p bop obxb Doxn-b# ovrx

nip hop Pox oi’o ’b hop boxn xb pi oio hpn is mob onxn nrn oio-xb D’hbx nin’ bpxb : mpn 19 -bo nboxn-io D’hbx nirr HP • iono oiy ib-ntpx

t t t |t I • • v: t : v • - | : v : v'v" j v .: |v

nixnb onxn-bx xon own nipbo hxi mP*n n»n : issr xm rrn tPJ onxn ib-xnp’ oWx'bbi ib-xop’-no

3 n*n bobi o'b?n nipi honon-bob nibsr onxn xbpo 211 o’nbx nin’^bo’i : nno op xvp-xb ooxbi mtrrr

nbo ojdo vhpvp hnx npo ?po ooxn-by nooon 22 -jd npb-ipx pprrnx i o’px nirr po : union 23 opn nxr onxn opxo: onxn-bx nxoo no’xb onxn

Pxp ’o nbx xop’ hxrb ntroo ntroi ’bpp dpi? 24 poni ipx-nxi vpx-nx Px-orp p-bj? : nxrnnpp n3 onxn D’bioj? brW vno : nnx nirob i’ni iho’xo

jitjppjiT xbi intr'xi |T A :

v. 25. 'D

PlPpjlN' DUin 17 (2 3)

mm pPsna ranai warm nxpirXP pj>o P’3J m cppan N'in fie*? in oier : pnpj-’tpn mpppN'P n N'nn Kjnjn jonm : icnn ran h nP’inn jnN-Pa 12 rma Naan jnnj-Dien : nPiip apN'i xnPnp ran pa 13 I A ’ u-t: • jt ~ : |t : j" : ~ : cr : t: v I jt - at

nN'nPn tom pica : e*on njhn-Pp m mpan N'in u

ns'i’an N'nnm ninja N'nnaP rrpnan N'in nPnn -N'niQ nneao anx-m d’PPn' ” nan :nn? N'in 10

t : • : J” : - : At t - 1/ v: jt: •j- : |t : J

onx-py a’hpN' ” n’ppi : nnaaPi nnPaaP pin is

pppN'n p’N'ai : Pip\n pp’a Naaa-p’N' ppa na’aP 17

N'ai'3 Pn naa Pip’n nP e*pp pa-pp paan aims

ppn nP d’HPk ” haN'i : man na*a naa Pia’nn is

rSppi : nPppa “jap nP-n’p>’N \-rinrinPp onx ’inn 19 N’aan N'Pijr-Pa mi nip mrrP xjnN'-ra D’hPN ”

t - : jt t tt <-*• t t : - I * * v: t::

> 9, -np-nin n Pai np-pjp’-na nnaP pnN'-nP ’nw

* v:

?nae» onx jopi : mas? N'in N'mn xaPJ anx nP => 1 T T : T T t|: I” : J kt : ~ jt : - jt t S”

-nP bPnPi top nin pppi N’aan npijPi io’yp-ppp t t t : At t j- •• i. : t - : jt ^ : t ^• t :

DnN'-pj’ N'nx’ a’nPx ” ftam • nPppa -tap nps?N 21 ITT -JT : • S- v: t: t : |" : J- : | v.— : j- : -

: mninn topp P31 ’.niipi'a knn p’pn pam nin’N'i xnnNp anN'-ra p*arr NiPy-m B’ripN ” njpi 22 N'npm ’bua kau N'iar N'nn chn' naxi : anN'-nP 23

^t : • : - • t : - t : • jt t t - - |t t - :

: Nn-na'o: nP^pa nx N'hnN* npm knp npaa ppn’i n’aN'i piPN' 'ppp'a-n'p npj pipp» p-p;' 24 onN f’Npan;' jimipn iim : nn N'npaP pn’i n’nnN'p n3

: paPana nPi mnnN'i

18 (3 jp n > £* N "12 Lapsus.

CAPUT 3 3

* niit nc?r ntr'x mirn rm 'baa Dinr rrn rram xb D’hbx nax-'a fix nirxn-bx naxn D’ribx

j • v: -j- t |* |-< t • jt v v - A- v:

2 -rr nso srran-bx ntrxn naxm :pn rr bbo ibaxn 3 x1? D’hbx Tax pn-pna ne*x frn naai : baxi fin 4 -bx trran naxn : pnan js la pjn xbi uaa ibaxn n Dabax bra ’b D’hbx r_m ’a : pnan nia-xb ntrxn

:jm ala »rm D’ribxa bn”ni oamr inpan iiaa e D’i’rb xin-mxn m baxab rjm bio 'a nbxn xam

ntP’xb-Di ?nm baxm rasa npm b’atrnb Wn nanr 7 on Darr ’a irn-n cnrr ’rr hinpani : baxi nar

A" v \ *1" J'

s bljb-nx irarm : nmn onb itprn nixn npr hann ihjrxi ohxn xannn Din nnb pa pbnna o’fibx mm

o DTibx mm xapn : pn p. pip? D’hbx mm paa ’ pa ’nracr nbp-nx naxh : na*x lb naxn Dnxmbx

11 DbT ’a hb aan ’a naxh : xanxi ’aix Db’r-’a xtxi : nbax uaa-bax ’nbab mnna ntrx nvr?an nnx

t : |t t vy • t r : • : | • ■ sy — I t I • -; t At

12 -ja ’b-nim xin Tar nnm ntrx ntrxn onxn naxn is mtrr nxr-na ntrxb D’ribx mn' naxh : baxi rrn i-i i D’nbx nin’ naxb • baxi ax’trn trrnn na’xn naxhi

;• y: t : v - I" |r • v- jt t - t • |t v -

naai nanan-baa nnx nnx nxr n’trr ’a crran-bx :p”n ’,a’-ba baxn npi pbn pin.rbr nna*n nrr

10 xin nrnrji'ai prn? fai na'xn pai pra n’ir'x ■ na*xi v. io. h'yb'i

omn 19 (3 j|)

CAPUT 3 )

Sdxi D*if?N ” -ny n jtd mn d*Hj/ mn inm « -: - A' v: jt: *.- : J' t t j- •• • - t jt _: t : • :

: NfM fP’X *73S3 ppD’fl Xp ” -ION-nK XDttPps xhnxp

n»spi : Pop NTorpw' msp xnnP xnnx mow 2

xPi miio np3’n xP ” npx xna-mjpfps n xpP’x

npp xp xnnxP xnn npxi : nnipn xppn ms nsnpn 4

fmsrni nip pPs’nn xpip nxponp Pji nx • jimpn n

xnnx mm : P”3p sp-jp pppn psnsnp finni fispp; e

xiPw jmoi ppP ximiDX nxi piypp xbP’X 3P nx tt * <-: ) • : : j t “ ** : tt t j**”:

nPysP-nx nsmi nPsxi nmxp ns’DJi ms xPsnoxP rxppny 'IN' ijm riminn my xnnsnxi : Psxi npy t ijippn : f’nr jin'? insyi fixii ppp pnp ippni pis* s xpi’ rapp xnjjs pPnnp D’riPx ”n-xnp’Q Pp-m : xnn px ns mnPx ” onp-rp mhnxi oik nbtsxi

|t : • \ r~ i. : v v: ;t: vt|t: I • •• : • : t t - ~ • :

-pp-m npxi : nx ?x mP npxi onxP D’PPx ” xnpi ? I t -: | t I at j- Att : v v: jt: jt}:

xjx ’xPtony - nx mP*nm xnms mjW pno’p

xjp’x-pn nx ’xPpny nx pp ’in p npxi : nnppxi n

□nx npxi :nppx npp pP’oP-xPn-Pna pnnps n 12

:n,ppx'i xjp’x-p ’P-nnn’ x’n npnn xnnx

xnnx hnpxi nnay xn-no xnnxP D’rtPx ” npxi 13

nnpy-nx xnnpi dPPx ” npxi: n’pDXi pppx xnn 14

P'rn pyp-pjr xna mn Pspi xn^a-ppp nx d*P xn

p31 P’p ppx 113311 :p,!n ’Pi’-p3 Pip’n xnfljn

nnsyn-ns nP nnn-’m xm xnJ3 ?’3i p^3 ?*3i xnnx . _ _ - | T j- t • : < at t : I j" |i.t : I t : *

20 (4 t) n’B'xna Fratr iridium.

i6 nawn-Px d : 3py uaiem nnxi awn nsDup'4 -Pxi D’J3 4nPn nyj/3 -phpn “pnayp hqqx nann nax

it ion onxpi o : “p-Ptpb' xim !}npie4n Tjtpw "ion4*? rpiviy ■'w'n ppn-ja pawni qnew P'ipp nyatp 4a nP?3Xfl ji32fp3 pP'OPp hanXjn ,Tim 133Dp3Xfi xP

is 3bp-nx npaxi “]P rrayn "nmi pip) : ppn 4a4 Pa 19 »p nbnxn-px paie4 np onp Paxn rpax npn : nne4n 3 anxn xnpn: mtPn nsp-Pxi nnx nap-43 nnpp niaa

21 mn’ Ppi :4n-Pa ox nn4rr nipt ’3 nm Inaw aef 221 noxn 3 : oeaPn Tip jToro inewPi onxP o’riPx

v _i- |” • : — j : t -j : • : st t : • v:

>m 3id npnP uba nnxa h4n dint rn D4nPx nln4 4m Paxi a4,nn ppa dj hppi in4 np^’-rs innpi

23 nbnxn-nx napp pp-pp D4nPx nln4 ini-ipem: qppp 24 (TP-pp onpp |3ppi onxn-nx r'nqi • DjPp npp Ttfx

pnn-nx nba’p npsnnpn anhn anp nxi D’irpn-nx D :D,4nn pp

I- - r I *7-*

CAPUT 4 1

* pp-nx nPm Pnni mew nm-nx yr bnxm I | - v v j— - — A : JT- V k_T T T JT :

2 -nx vnx-nx mPP nom : nln’-nx eyw map noxrn 3 4n4i : nanx n3p n4n ppi ?xb nyn Pan-mn P3n 4 P3m n'vrP nroa nanxn nsa pp xb4i D4a4 ppo

P3n-Px nin4 pern inbPnoi uxv /Tnaaa xm-aj x43n n ppp nn4i nye4' xP inma-Pxi pp-pxi : innjo-pxi 6 pp nnn nap pp-px nln4 "ox4! .* vis iPsn nxa

I T TJT T T< I ■ Jat V kT : J- |t t k : -|-

DlPPDIN DIJin 21 (4 n)

n'oN NnnNP : N£nDP mp-nomnn nNi pbnpPo-mP i6 -npt pjp pnpn *3;onjn ’0’n;po odn hnjdn ’>x “ion onNpi : "pa-oPa*'’ Nim ■proiNn mp ■ppya n "ib’op tjrnps m NpP’N-fo jnPapi pnpN np’op nPap Pa niPam Pop nPma njtin no’P noo Piam nP Naoi'-n: Pia’jTi pP noon pntpN) paiai : rpm »pi’ is njtinP ampin n£ Nonp Piam paNn Nnpra : Nppnn 19

Nipi :amn NnayPi nx NnajmnN NnnanN mon3 : NabN-oa Pan non nm N\n hn nm nmnN Die DnN

|t t v: " : t : jt • ».t j- -j—: at - v : • j ■)r t

■po-P;* npm-panap nmpNpi onNp D’nPN’ p najn 21 nm’ hm bnN nh d’hPn ” ooni : natraPNi rmnaoi 22

j- 4 : r~: t t <t • v: -it: j I | • : : - : I t, •• :

mb’ D’am-NoPn 1 $31 a*ai ap ynop nop-Nopra d'hPn ” mnPan : dP^P mo Piam N"n jP’no tiN aoo 23 *pnm: ;ono napiNp Nno-tN-m npaop p$n: npo jo 24 no Nbna-n! pp-NnDjp pbnppo ’oami DON-m

: N”n fP’N miN-n’ nboP Nbsnnon Naon pa* CAPUT 4 1

nioNi ppm! nmpo hN’njri nmpN ninm jpv doni * w minN-m nP’oP ns’DiNi : ” onp-ro Noaj ’nop 2

: Ni’nNa nPa-oaj nm ppi nj;’ *jn Pan-mm Pan : ” anp NJaoip njtino N3NO pp mw poi’ nioo mm 3

Nijn-nim pnoooa’oi noy naao NinmN m’N Pam 4

Nijn-nm nP noanpai ppai : noanpai Pana ”-onp n nop ppP p’ noNi: mi3N va^aanNi Nnnp ppp ^’prn 6

22

7

8

9

*

11

12

13

14

ID

16

17

18

19

D

21

(4 “I) n* & s n 2 Fratricidium.

a’b’p nP dni pNtr D’D’p-on NiPn : rps 1P3.1 naPi : ia-Ptp'an ppnp ippisp'p p’P'Ni pa'p man ppsP i’P app ppd’D opVpd’pp vpn Pdp-Pn rp paNP Pap ’x pp-pN pip’ PaNP npjnpp vpn Pap-pN

1 1 v x : v <- F : -1“ ^ t . V -IV V * v r:

p W na paN’i: ’aiN ♦pin paiPp ’p;'p’ nP paN’i p’pn ppn ton pp;p : paPNp-ja ’Pn o’pyy p’pn ’ap Pip

t at J t yt^- : |t t~: |t I ■ i.- fy . | ) • t j- : | <

p’pn wpn nnpp p’3-pn ppys pstn haPNP-p I Y t y : y _ )y_t t • y -it : |t _iy t t_: |t I •

ja pp pna-pp pdp-nP PbPNP-PN payp ’a :pp’d : Niaaa aiy Pip j p'ip’-Pn i’p PaN’i : pNa p’pp pp w’pi ppdn ppsai paPNP as'Pya dvp ’pn nan;. ?p pP PiP’ ip PaN’i : ’UPP’ ’NVa-pP P’Pl pN3 PJi ja ‘Pp3p PIN '|’P_P PiP’ Dpi Dp’ D’lPIpD* i’P JPP'Pd -pN3 Dpi pip’ aaPa i’p Ns’i : iNXb-Pa Ipn-pIdp piip-PN pppi pppi ippN-PN pp jrn: ipppapp Pii

Ppl’l :piiP iJD DBp P’J.*P Dp NPp’l PP’ P-iD ’PP -pn Pp; pN’’pai pN’iPa-iPN pP’t pp’jp pP’ipnN "|iiiPp ’pa* nap ip-pp’i : pdP-pn pP’ PNaPpai pNtripa ■pn ppy pPpi : nPs P’ia’p ctri pp>’ ppnp oef D’aa nip Pdi’ i’pn deP : p.ipai Ppn x” ’dn p*p nip Pa’

ATT

v. i«. yw

(4 1) DlPpJlX DUin 23

inaijna’pin-ox xPp : pax io”3anN‘ xopi 17 p’pn 7 tdj pxon xno*Di*P pnaiy a’Din xP oni pp-pano” pin^” ainn-oxi amn-xp-DX pio-Nj-’nsnxP n’njn opi xPpna pnoipii nini ’ninx P?n7 pp.npNi :p18 pinx Pin }n ppp ’’ "W : n’^pppi ’mnx Pana pp 9 Pp xma; no ooxi : xjx »nx odj,o xjyn’ xP Pom *

|t< t ,:a : -it i. :- t |t (.• — y t t . -t jt - -

-jo ’ppp-pp?p pirot-jo-papp pn’njri-punr-on nomv nnna n xjnx-jo nx opp ppai : xyox n xjnx-n! npan n>x : rpn’-jp pinx ’pn-n! np’api 12 : xinxa \nn ’Pn P0P00 pp nP’n-rnoP p’Pin-xP vt xnann xn : pao’OPo *ain od ”-onp pp ooxi j!

■ t t : " t t I |t : • : • v y ~ At: t|t: P • |v- _ 4-±

xnpoxp ntrax-n’p ppnp-joi xjnx’ax'Pj/o pp-xpv : ojpop’ ojnao”n-Pa \no xjnxa ’Pn P0P00 ’nxi

jns/v pan x;’ao’p pp Piop’n-Pa pi p npp npxi10

-Po nov-PopoP-xPa P’na xnx ppp ” Pan noo

-’pj-x;nxa a*nn ” onp-fp pp pan • nona?”n is

:pjp1 xnrp pppppp-’niPjp-XTi;p-ninn pppopi

oa hipi ponor nrpn nx’n;n n*nnx-n’_ pp jho 17

Tp’nxi : pun nna Dio*a xnnpn xotn xopi xmp is

n’Pix Pxonoi Pxpno-n’ n’Pix npun np’y-n’ popp

•top n’p-3’Dn : poP-n’ n’Pix Pxoonoi Pxonno-n’ 19

nn’Pn : npy xnon dioo nny xnn oio> poo pnnn 3

: npa noi p.i3t?o ’ann-pa tinan nin xin Pa’-n’ nnr

xPa.i-Dia-Pn poon-Pa iihan nin xin Pav *mnx Dion 21 kT : • | m~ l/T _ : t I ~ t j at • ^ : )

24 (5 n) n’rxna Adami poster*.

-22 -nx nnp’ xih-DJ nPm : anjn naa r bn-Pa ’ax n*n pp-Pain ninxi Pnai nrro rnrrPa rap pp Paw

23 ppP ’pip f jw’ npyi nn;' vbap pip1? naxn ♦ na;a : wnanP nPn pyaP winn r’’X ’a wnax n;rxn

%> op? nb : nyar'i oppr pap niTDR, ’? ’p-nr p nr iar'-nx xnpni p npni wrxwx bi;*

se km-DJ nr'Pi : pp inn ’a Pan nnn nnx nr cvnPx

□era xnpp prnn rx rax iar'-nx xnpn p-nb’ ;•• : (.J: • - jt a v: v : v rrj: •- I •• “I-.

d : n'i.*r I t :

CAPUT 5 n

* owPx niana mx bwPx xha ora Dnx nnP'in naa nr (.■ v: ; : • t t • v: < : : At t : | v " Jv

2 bar'-nx xnpn oink -pan Dxna napn nar: inx nr;’

3 nPin nir nxai D’r'Pr obx ’nn : axnan ova Dnx •-• J ~ t t - : <• : t t j- : ~ |t : |t • : t t

4 nnx obx ’,a’ i vnn :nr iar'-nx xnpn iapya imana

n vnn : naan Daa nPin n;r nxa naar nP-nx in’Pin : |— | t u t v j- At t <. •• ;v : " v j • |

njp D’PPPi n;P hixa ypn ’h-nrx bnx ’a’-Pa Att u : tt ^ <r : ~ v t t <••: t

e nPin nnp nxai DaP ran np-wn d : nan v 4“ At t J- : V.* t t • :|- | r

7 oar jdt Pbx-nx in’Pin nnx nr-wn : rax-nx 8 nr'-’O’-Pa vnn • naai oaa nPin njp nixa n;ari

" : t : |— | t u t v r att c *• ;v :

d : nan njr nwa jrrm nir nnr;? D’nr ® nrw nix ’nn • pp-nx np'm njr D’^rn rax ’nn

nP'vi njr nixa njaan njr nnr;* ran Pp-nx inpin 11 nixa^rm oar ran rax ’a-Pa vnn :naai oaa

C " J- : • t —*** t v: j”: t : |— | t v t

12 -nx nP'vi mr D’yor' r.vp ’nn d : nan nnr V V~ At t *j- : • Kt I ■ - I r At t

(5 n) diPpjin ouin 25

Pawn’ nmP’ n\p-pn nPvi: Naom mua-par-urn 22

fflffii NPnst Ktr'ro moy - Tv-Pan pnap pp

]ym hPvp npj? \pibpp pap -o*i: naia f’p-Painp 23

mP’pap n’Pap kp3j-kP na’aP xn’^s* paP ’Pp -’i’ns” mP’pap n’Pan Na’PjnKP-fim pain Pao jon mp3 papp N'pn ppp wPnN ppp n^atr-nx : p;p?24

"13 np’Pp rrhpN-rv Pty din jrn :NjjOt?p pyptr713 nPn nniK 13 ” 7 3rr rnm hk ntr iw'-n' mpi

-m Nnpi 33 Tp’nK Nin-px ntrpi : pp mpPpP Pan 26

Natra ns'pypo Ntrwaa iPn Vribi’a taa triJN* m» V.T T t t v: )<’ : rS v: i/* :

C-! CAPUT 5 H

D’npK mans dPn ’* joap Kara dix mPin 33b pp x

-m jnpi phn’_ "ppai paxpa Kppui nap : mm pa# 2

pnPm hkd chu x’m nxnanxp Nava dpn pnatr 3

iim: ntr matr'-n* topi mP ’a*n mmana p’Pito riti* 4

pja p’PiNi patr HKD ’Jdd ntr'-m mPito Pro oPn ’ar

: mi patr pnPni ntta ptvr\ ’tip dpx ’ai’-Pa iim : pai n nb-N'm ; triwm mPito pacr tram nxa ntb'-N’m 7

pja p’Pito patr yatri nxa aan triiN-m mPita Pna

: nvpi pjt?’' wni nka yvr\ pit? ’oi’-Pa ixpi: pat 8

Pna triJN* jm • ppp-n* p’Pinp p^avn aPpks‘ N’m

pjp P’PiK) pjtr’ nb*i' jrpni nxa pan jrp-n* ^’P'i‘s‘,1 :n’ai pjtp tram nxa y&n -i-'x ’oi’-Pa iini :pai 11

I- ' A ' :

26 (5 rr) n > c* N1D idami posteri.

is tt-wi

13 0’J£3AK PKPPnp'HK iA’P'VA ’AIPK f j’p W J PKpPpO w x*-pp vnn : rrt.pi opp nplp nx* Hiko TObtp toc*’ i d »n»i d : npn nx* Hikd jxppi d*x* -|v*> p’p. is *m : aaxak nPln tost o wi duct a*pn PKpPnp

riK*D tooca nx* dx’Pb* aa’-hk in’Pln nnx Pk’PPno i •' r: : tt j- : vv v j • | ” I" ’’ : ~ r

it axn PkPPtod x*-p3 vnn mlxi o’x apia tocj* -- - ••---: |- J--: T : |— I t v t v j~ At t

d : hda tob* hikd tosti toe* buxttn | T“ r^T t v •• y; : t t * : * :

19 tt-tti : pun-HK aPia toc* hkoi rutr dwi o*rx* DU3 AplA AX’ HIK’D TObtT pUTOHK in’Pln ’AAK

3 hik’d ytrni nx* bxxn dtic* aa’-x’-Pd vnn : Hixi 21 nPin nx’ dxx*i cxn pUn’nn d : non nx* 22 in’Pin nriK d’hPkh-hk pun pPnnn • nptjnnp-HK 23 *m : HlJ3i DP3 nPln nx* Hik’d e*Pe* aPbaho-hk

V | t v t j- At t i. ” ; : “ V :

24 pPnnn: nx’ hikx trPen nx* b wi exn pun X’*P3

™ »nn d : D’ripK Ihk npp-x msn □’hPkh-hk pun : poP-HK nPin nx* hkoi nx* ouben ;*3tr nPbnno

I v |t v •.• r att j- : vt t r : ~ sv ~ v :

26 rrJssr b’xxn d W poP-HK in’Pln hnx nPbnno ’rri 27 x’-p3 vnn : mxi DU3 nPVi njsr' hikx yzm

d : nbn nx* hikx >x*m nit dxx*i >xh nPtrino | r At t k " : r t - v :

28: n aPia nx* hkxi nx* D’Xtr'i D’Htr poP-’nn I I” v v.- att j- : i.tt ■)■ : • sr : | v v • :|—

i . i *iTP ...

29 rmjxi ’X’i’P’D i.xn.v nr aokP to xd’-hk kaha ^ lA’Pln hnK pop-’m: nin* haak astk nbAKn-xun*

j • | | v v ’ :|~ |t : vr-;|" r: t t-:jt I • ’’t

DU3 APIA AX’ HNX tTOTO ,A.X’' DW'HI PXn TO*HK 31 HlKXpXA nx* b’i*33A ^32* ppP*X’”p3 ’AA :H1X1

32 aPta nx’ Hikx Bxn-f3 to-xa d :hpatoc* • - ■ :\- I t- Att

.’ HD’-HKI DTOHK DB*'-HK TO AT T r-.~:

v. 29. mip *^:n nyw xmpni, nn

(5 It) DlPpJlN DUin 27

Vo ji’p noi jpNpppa-m pjtp pjntr p;p N’m }§ pj3 mPiNi pjtT pjoini rtND uan pNPPna-m mPiNn N’m: mpi iptp ntr.pi hnP ytr'n p’p ppi’-pp iim: p3i ?o pNpp.na N’m : mv-m tPini pjtr tram pntT pNpPna is rj3 mPiNi pjtT pnPm mva ’.on mv-m mPiNn Vo pjp’ tram. pi’tpm hno pan PNpPna ’pi’-Pp iipi: ppi n : pijrrm mPiNi pjtp pnpm pntp! m\‘a mv-N’m: mpi is mPiNi pjtP nxa aan pUrrm mPiNn Vo nm-N’m 19

pjtp *npni prep nxa ytrn mv-’oi’-Pp iim : ppi pjp3 : nppnnn-m mPiNi pjtr tram pntp pun N’m • mpi 21

nPn n^ina-n mPiNn nn3 ”n NnPnna min pPm 22

hxa nPn pun ’ai’-pa mm: pai pm mPiNi pitP nxa 23

-on ’mh’pi ”1 NnPnna pun ppm : pptp tram pntpi 24

pjtp jotPi pjom nxo nPtnna N’m ♦ ” mm maN-NP pap-m mPiNn Pro nptpina noi :paP-m mPiNi 26 -pp iim : pipi pjp mPiNi pjtp pnpni parn nNp-yptp' ^

-noi : mai pjtp jpp'ni pntn hap i’tPpi nPtpina poi’ 28

-m Nopi : 33 mPiNi p^tr pnpni papn nxp paP29

ra tom niNpai N.o3iya Nuanr ro na’aP to matr' -tr'an m-m mPiNn Vo paP'-N’m :” nop o nion s ’ai’-Pa iim : ppi pfo mpiNi fatp tram pi’p*ni nso si 03 TO-mm : noi pj^' i*3^i pjppep nNa-jotp' paP32

: nc’vn Dn-m otr-m to n’PiNi pjtr' nxa tr'on .•It -: jt t.-- - - j- : I iV : ^t : y

28 (6 1) m n’owna Noachus.

CAPUT 6 1

* mb’ nuai nonxn oa-by a'nb Drawn bnn-’3 ’no > ■ \ V T AT T-: |T J- : ~- V T T T |T J" " |- ' :|“

2 ran nib ’3 Down noa-nx ombwo-oa ikoo : on1? TA"‘ 1. r tt |t j : v j • v: |t •• : < |v t

3 pb’-Kb nin’ nowo : nna oo\s‘ bio o’oo bnb inpo

ombpi nxo vb’ rni noo win djoP obp oraxa mm n r r j t : at t j Kr ~ : t ^ : t t |t <•

■> . • CO TO ,((

i X’N p-nras’ on onn o’o*a pxa vn o’binn :too*

D’oajin non onb mbo Down noa-bN b’ribtfn oa ixi’ ■)' T s" AV t V. : |T: t t |t -j : v • v: |t <•• : t

n np non ’3 nin’ Knn a : com ’don Db'po oo\s‘ T -jt - y T : :j— |" - y : ~ vr ^ I" y:

: oi’n-ba p pn iib nao’no opbai pxa onwn

e: iab-bN avpm pxa oown-nN nop-’a nin’ dtoo

7 oa 'bp ’nxba-oo’N Down-nx nnoN nin’ oowo J.. ; - •• • tt V <T T |T v v : v t : v j-

’o own •no’*n;n troo-p nonan;' bowo nbnwn

8 3 : nin’ pop fp kvo nil: on’pp p ’npnj •nj non3

o -na rnboa nm D’on pno ora\‘ to to nobin nbx | : st t y t f -y - y - j : s At v •<

’ -jon D3’-nN 003 no’bo’ to nbi’i • ro-nbnnn ombwo V V A* t JT - s V )- - I | v - : v v: |t

11 pwo N’bom D’ribNn 03b pwo nno’m:n3'-nwi on 12 nWn-’a nnnob toto pNn-nK o’nbx noo : Don 13 nib D’hbN noN”i d • pxn-bp iann-nx nb’a-ba

onoso oon pan nubo-o oab N3 nb’a-ba rp w Dpp nfpi-’v;* nan pb nop : pNn-n^ on’ntpp p^m

10 nn : naaa rinoi n*ao nnx nnaai nann-nx nopn

o’o’on nann nnx n'oN nwo o’bo* nnx nopn no*X <’ ' t " - | v < t - J S : At sv : l~ y:

Di7p:iN Di:nn 29 (6 1)

CAPUT (» 1

Nroni njtin ^dd7 nwn-*:d mris rnrn * *.t t : nT : - j" - v.** : • : t t v: ** : j* : ~ t -

nx neon TO30V koron-oa i?m : fin1? ntPoin 2 ” npNi : iN’jnriN n ppo ppp pnp 13’ppi p3N prat? 3 xnt?3 pan P’na oPyP *onp pnn nto-nti Q’pn’-NP -on fop-pipTi nNp pnp 3’rr kpnN N’E”p fin’npiyi n fp-nnp pN? p jin;? Nfpi’p njhnp iin Nhpj : ppirr 4 N-nai pis* prao pp’i neon todP krron 03 pPr

‘Jt — t Is- 1 A : • I vr : t : t t v: jt : • t _ I .t

NEON nE”3 jONOD ’IN ” NTTO : NOEH J’EON NoPyon n in-w-Ps e”3 mnP n’aP rotyno W’-Pai n;hn3

- lONi KinN‘3 din - n* nay - nks* n’Po’oa ” am« vr ttpn ” npNi : n'.iiyo pmapin npnpp-nnp’pa 7 -ny Nh’ya-ny neOno njhn ’SN'Pyo WPa-H neon -hn no*03 marrnN n’oeh Naiy-nyi xpnn to m nnpin ppN onp ppiri toeon toi : ponnay 9

iTO-p’Pn ”n NnPnna ’ninna mn d’Pe* ’Nat na? nPannNi * na’-mi orm DtP-m joa NnPn to TpiNi , NynN-m ” Ntm ♦ paion NyoN nN’PonNi ” onp njhn 12 ■py mniN-m eon Nitra-Pa iP*3n-nN nPannx xm

V : t - jt :: -jt : t y - —: At : - : • jt :

-’in »bnpp P^ kn^p-pp NVp nip ’’ nbxi : N'pnk\ 13 -Npi ne”p pn’npiy-Dnp-jo paion njein nx’PpriN -f’i’N'n Npia’n pP n’p^ : njhn-d^ pnppns non u Nnppi iop nnpanni Nnia’n-n: npi’n fninp oinnpn N'pniN f’PN nxp nPn nnf n’p^nn pni : Npaiaa ®

30 (7 n m Diluvium.

16 pbnP ppt’n i ms : nno'p pax dpPP nbna pax D’trn pass pspp nnsi ppyaPa pjPan hax-Pxi

A* t jt • : vt *• - - r: t . - : • tjv~ : t “ v :

17 Piaapanxx’baaapaxi: ptryn ia>P?Pi oatP D»nrrn

nnno o”p rm h-aa’X aaarPa rpnih pxp-Pp b’b

is anx 'mm* ’nbpm : jnj» paxa-atrx Pa d Wp

:anx aaapai nnawa paa! pnx pbnp-Px hxai I |t • ) Y.-t I" : J) : ■ ' : I vy t t ~ ^ t - - Vp T T

w jrnpp pspp-Px xon Paa oatr ai?a-Pao m-Paai j -: |- : v.t •• - v y t ■) ■ -i~ : t t t ■ - t t •

^ pvaP napap-rai i.pvaP mpra: v.t papji aar anx in’vnpp n’Px ixo’ Paa oaaapvaP paaxp traa Paa

I r : I J T j ■ -S-: A” ' : v.t t |t v r: j

21 tt n*Px nsoxi Pax* atPx 'Paxa-Paa ap-np pnxi

22 d*pPx inx ms ab’x Paa m trp : aPaxP dpPi ap

: n'&y p ]t t I

CAPUT 7 r

x anx-’a nanp-Px nma-Pai pnx-xa nip him aaxa J) : I ’ At - y v | : t : jt - | : t : / <“

2 paipap nanan i Paa : run ana aaP pns ’Txa

XP acrx nanap-f ai ina’X'i px pyatb npa* 7|p-ppn

3 ppm d Wp nip dj : inmxi Px oam xin papa

i D’b’P »a: raxn-Pa as-p>* p? nvnP napji aar npa*

□,j;aax,i or D’jjaax pxn-Pj? a»aaa »a:x npa*' aib

: naaxn as Pya arab* aa*x bip’.a-Pa-nx »n’hai nP’P n c Ttr mxa a’a’-ra nji : nip’ ipis-atrx Paa nj trj/a i -’aai intPxi r:ai n'i xaa : paxp-P;’ D’a tp Piaapi

I" : s : ■ : t t - j t~ I v|t t • c~ t t j - - .

8 pa'iptsp papap-ra :Piaap ’a asa panp-Px inx laa t : ~ t - I • | - - v : • At ~ Y i. -;tt

a’aa-aa’x Pai aun-iai papa p:vx aa*x papap-ibi C” j : I t I • At : t^y •' J'.' t •• : - I •

(7 r) dippjin Dinn 3i

i iim : nan paN pnPiii mms pax peipn NniP’ni ie Njnm NPbPa njpppen knaNPi NniP’nP inyn PNn’Pni pjan pNjns-pna len niaop NniP’m I k‘ t • : I j-t: ■ I r r : “ I : A" ~ : jt : • : kT " :

NjnN-Py k»a NJSia-n’ ’h’a njn-nh njni : njipyn 17 Pa n-W ninna ’»m Nnn hn-n Niea*pp NPanP

; At - : ^ : *• " : jt ** * t : t jtt " :

NniD’nP 'Pirni "|sy ’p’p-/v D’jpNi : mp» Ni’iNP-’i is Niep-Ppa ’ni-ppai : tj$j; ■jjp-’Dai innM “[Pan m 19

: prr Nppui ipi pay Na’pP NniP’np P’jpn Nppa pin Ninja Neni ppai njrP Ni’in-rai *mjrP NPU'a = ip-pp nNi : N0*pp -imp nPr NPipa pin murP 21

| t - : j- : |t t|- : | kT t : \ j .t -jt I s*‘ : A: •

: Pp’dP pnPi ip’m imp eijpni P’PNnai bp’a-ppa : iay p ” mm mp3 n Ppp ro ipyi 22

|t *-■■ I j- vr: •;•• t I/-- " A a

{ A ITT 7 r

in’-’iN NniP’np inn e'JN-ppi nN-piy njpipni * ip ppn n’pi Ni’i'P 1 Ppp : pin niip ’aip wnr arm 2 pin ’Pi ’nin’P n Nmyp-rai nppui ipi Nine Nine Ik":;": • ) • t • I • AtJ : : j- : ~r : • *7t : ■

ipi Nine Nine N’aei NSiya in : Nppui ipi 3 pbv-fa*P ’in : Ni'iN-pp ’3N-Pi’ Njpir NO’pp Nppai 4 pba’ pj;piN NinN’-Pi’ Nipa-n’na njn Nine' ni’ ’3N Pi’a nnpi! n NPip’-pp n’_ ’haNi rip’p piniNi

IAt:

inp n’e-ip mi :’’ nnpfl-n Ppp m ip^i : N’i’iN ^ a It

n’nnNi mupi m Pii : Ni’iN-Pi’ N’o mn njsioi pje 7 V : * : : " : - ~ ^t ~ t jtt :1a*:

NTi’p-p: n’3id ’a Dip-fa Nmp’nP nmp Min-nai s

e’ni-’i Ppi N3ii'-fbi ’Pi ’nin’Pi NTjn-fb N’ni

32 (7 t) m rvtr*on Diluvium.

9 napp aa? nannPx mPx ixa Data D’itr: nanxnPi?

’ biban ’^1 D*ap nyaaP pa: ra-nx D’nbx ms news ---!•■ A- T - j : ' : V : - - | v v v: jt ■ -r: \~

11 a’nna nj-’’nb raa’ nixa-tata nita'a :pxnpy vn

Pap-ba n>*p33 nip Dip aphb dV naapajpap aap

12 pxnpy oetin'm • mnsj o’sa’n naaxi nan oinn

13 -op ra xd hip Dip Dsj;a: nb’b D’yanxi oV D’jianx

Px anx laa-’aa nePan ra ntaxi nj-aa nan om vr * 'Jtt |*‘ : vs: “ v j** : “ A ** : W.T JT

ii Pai n bob nananPai nj’ab mnnPai nan : nann t : t • : t •• : - t : t • : jt - |~ t : t " |t •• -

ba mbab nijinPai inrab pxnPy t?ann a>ann •■ • : I j t t, : A” ‘ : I vu t y |t v r: t

io Paa baa’ D'Jtr nannPx raPx ixan :fpaPa Piss is haarbaa napji "ibr D’xam: D”n nin ia-ntbx naan it \-n : mrr nio-n D’roN ijin mv "itwo ini

S' : - p: |- vr : j : — A' v: (. it • -;v r t

-nx ixan D’an iann pxnpy or D’banx biaon is -by axa iann D’an inajn : pxp byo onm nann 19 ax a axa inaj D’bm : D’an asPy nann nbni pxn

Pa nnn-na’x D’bajn b’annPa ibaa pxnpy 3 iDD’i D’an maj nbyaba nax nntyy a’an : o’oaP

21 nanaai nip pxnpy tyobn i aa*aPa j/ba : D’ann T " : - | < T ) V T T J" |t jt t t - : •- I' T |v

22 aa’x ba: oaxn bai pxnPy paP pa’nPaai n’nai v |t t |t v. : ) vat t \ J" - I viv - t : t - j-

23 -nx nan: ina naana aa’x baa l’sxa D’’n nia-naa’b v - • - j" i,T t |t v r: j ■ t ~ : . - - _ . .

-7J7 hana-ay oaxa naaxn asp;’ i aa’x i Dip’nPa aa’xi nj-T]x axa'’i pxn-fa inan a’aap fi'ijppjp a’ab

2i: Di’ nxai D’a’an pxnPr D’an main : nana inx | : y ■ | VAT t - • v- - j : : \t " ~ v '

33 (7 f) DiapJlN DUin

K||5Mi nan Nrna’na ra-oy ip# pnn pnpi : NjpN-a# 9 waio »oi pav-Nyatr rara mm : row ” mpan Naa *

nitt3 ni pna jatp nNp-n,a' man :Nj;nN-a£ iin n

ipanN ?nn Nana k\nnp Nan Nntny-nyaeai wan

k\noa mm nnnanN waa* nai Nan k\\ainn piaaPa 12

Nan p_33 : pap pjanxi pop* pjariN NpnN-a*’ mm 13

-'ll?} rf?n\ ni nnwi m-aa nan om-Dan m Py inn

kn^/p-Pai nip Nmn-pai pis* iNjnia’np pnpy ’nip 14

katy-Pai nap wnNPy rnn Nann-Pai nip

pin Nman1? m-oy Pjn :nnanpa nay Pa wiP "* Napai nan wP;n : «nn Nmn ma n NnaarPaa inn is

nna’aa n raw ” mm mpan Naa py knco-Paa wa iNapi NpnN'-n^ ppp* p^gnx waro mm : nip# 17

wo isrpm :njhn Pya nannw Nnian-m Pan is

: wa *3N-Py Nrniam NaPnai NinN-Py NnnP iwdi

wmo-pa iwannw NjnN-Py NnnP NnnP impn wai 19

t-rpn Na;na poN nfry ann: waa'-Pa mnn n wan »

NjnwPy annn 1 NnaarPa mai: Nnvo iwannw wa 21

xjnN-ay c”mn NtnnnPaai Nnnai kn^aai Nava n aaa maNa p»n mn-natrj n aa“ : Naas* am 22

Njnx ’DN'-p* n 1 Naip’-aa-n» Nnai : wa Nnaa'a 23

waan xau’ - n>n xann-n^ kn^a-n^ NaaNa ma^-m ro-ana nNna’Ni NjnN-ra iN’nanNi

:pai’ pa*am nxa N>nN-ap wa lanm :Nma*na 24 I r I v : - : jt : *r\T : ~ *~ 4T - J f |t " :

34 (8 It) TO n TOSS' 13 Siccatio.

CAPUT 8 n * nanan-bs-nxi nnmbs nxi ra-nx b’ribx Tsn

t •• : - t v : t - |- t <• : - v • v: < : •-

iDir'i pxmby bn Dnbx nhy’i nans inx n^x v i I v t t - r v: ■■ .|— At" - t. • j:

2 neon xbsn D’aan ninxi Dinn npa nsD’i : D’an 3 norm Dip riiP pun bya D’an nan : o’aan-ra 4 anna harm mm : oi’ nxai D’a’an mrpa D’an n D’bm : a“n>< nn by annb oi* na’y-nyaa’S ’y’sa’n

annb nnxa ’npya npyn annn ny nibm rjibn in e ra nns’i oi’ D’yanx rpa Pi ♦ onnn pjn into 7 NTi* xm apmnx npi :ntry uj'k norm fibn-nx 8 min-nx nbam : pxn pa D'an nap-ny Dip 9 nxyp-xbi : nanxn as pa D’an ibpn hixnb inxa

D’a-’D nbnmbx rbx Dam nbn-fpb niia rain l’bx max xd’i nhp’i im nban pxn-bs as*by

’ -nx nba* f]p»i onnx D’a’ r\yy& niy brm : nann-bx 11 -nby mm apnyb min rbx xbni mann-ra rain 12 bnn : pxn bya D’an ibjr’a m ymi msa pa m

nsD’-xbi min-nx hbam Dnnx on’ nyx1' my 13 hapaa mcr nixa wi nnxa ’mi :niy l’bx-aia’

nDsa-nx to non pxn bya D’an iam anrib nnxa ii nyaao ban annai: nanxn as iann mm xmi nann

iT• ■ : - v - |t t-: |T y : <. : It :— t •• -

10 D’ribx nsmi d :pxn nap annb oi’ onpi i6 -’Pi rjjpxi nnx nsnn-fa x>* :naxb ra-bx it nansai piysna’s-bsa px-n^'x nnrrbD: px 7]as

(8 n) 35 DUin

CAPUT 8 n

moy-m Kmys-ho-n’i kn’rrho m ra-m '” mom * ronoxi : n"-o irai ajnti-ty krm ” -oyKi k/toto 2 13m: K’otmp kipp horiNi k-Wp ’131 KOlnn ’yiso 3 hkp mho n"*3 nom pp’m r*?r« KyiK Pyo k-’o -ny?gq nkygty Krng kmmn nrai : ppi’ ptppm 4 phpm phfK iin k*pi: inn hid Py Krrvp KOI’ Nmry n

j* : t V“ rVr v.t jt :

mm iN’rnnN xnmp m3 riKmtyys nK*wy xnm ny Krnp’n mp-m ra nnai pol’ pyppx pipp mm : xnio e rnmn—iy pxm pap psyi xs-iiy-m nptpi noy m 7 ipp-ox mob rrmPo ral’-m hotn : xy*iK Pyo n»o 8

-nppsp rap nil’ hnptpx-xPi • xjpix gx pyo x’p 9

xyix-pp ’sx-py x’o-nx xrro’nP mniP roni nPn mniKi : xmmnP mmP nm Pyxi nboji mm omxi ♦ -fp rai’-rv nPty fpDixi prinx ppi’ xyptp' my xm-fpo Km Ktron nyp rai’ mmP nhxi : xmmn n : Ninx Pyo k-’o iPp-nx ra ymi noisa-nno mon -xPi rai’-m hptf! pmnix pol’ xyotp mi? rpmxi 12 pis? xnm nxo-nrag mni ♦ my n’mb-pnoP dg’dik 13 Hi myxi i\'j.nN' pyo K’o *13133 xhm nnp hxpnps :Kjnn ’SK 131 jj Km Ktm Khi3’m PK3in-m

1 t : - j" - v : ;t : t -1- t •• : jt t -

: KyiK np”3’ Km’P kpI’ Kypp’i ppdj?3 Kipn km’3i 14 pipi■jnpKinkKJTO’rrfppip np’ppni-oj?”P’Ppi Kpiyp Kppp-Ppp ppyp Kmn-pp : ppy pi3-ppi n

36 (9 0) m Arcus foederis.

pio imp 3nx x>03 px,3-3;> 0*333 0*033-^331

is imo-’Ph ino*xi iodi 3j-xo*i : px3py i33i i3Si

19 px3-l?y 0*oi3 P mp-Pi 0*o3,3-p 3*33-p: inx

^ 333 rrirP nsro ra p*i :3333-ro ixir D3*333o*oi?

rip bp 3ibo3 nip Poi 33333 30333 i boo-

21 iob-bx hirr 3ox*i nr»03 3*3-nx nirr nri : 33133 t : v - - • - -j** v t : -jt- - |”: • -

ob’3 D3X3 oiop 303X3-3X 3iy bbpb nox xb 5" VJ" • T T |T j *=: |- t t —: |t v < •• J- : I • j

3trx3 *n-b3-nx 3i33b 3i;* nox-xbi mioop D3X3 22 r|-irn ppi om 3pi 3*ypi PI px,3 *p*-b3 ~ui : *npj;

: imp xb 3b*bi Di’i I : • ) t : v- t j :

CAPUT 9 0

* 1331 133 DP 30X3 10333X1 nj"3X D’HbX 3333 v : j : ■)•: r v s- Att v : - c v • v: |vjt:-

2 n*3-bo by rrrr bonm D3X3ioi : px3-nx ixboi ;303X3 0*333 3t*'X b03 D’OPO flipbo byi pX3

*jt t —: |t s : • v : 'Att - I *J t : J v t t

3 D3b *3 Xl(3-3tr'X O*03*b3 • 1JHJ D33’3 Q*3 *J3-b001 jv t - j v -: v v t |t • jv :v : (.t - : t :

4 30*3‘3X : 33-nX D3b *33J 30*y p3’3 ,333X^ 3*3*

n P33X D3’3p*i3Jb D303-J3X 3X1:133X3 X3 i03 it£*SJ3

P13X VI3X PX 3*0 D3X,3 3*01 120’33X,3*3-30 3*0 • t j- - • tt |t j- • A'.' : : v vt - t j- ■

6 D3V3 *3 33P103 D3X3 D3X3 D3 330*: D3X3 C*3J33X VJV : '< J (V * T * J T ITT |T T T |T J“ | " |T T |t VJV

7 PX3 1 Pitt* 1331 133 D3X1 : D3X3TIX 30*^ D’HPX I '.ht t j : A : J : : |t t |t v ^.t t • v:

8 inx VJ3-3X1 nj-px b’rPx 3ox*i d : 33-1331 v ■ jt t v : - v • v: v <- |t :

9 03pr-3Xl D33X *j3’33-3X D*pO *JJ,3 *JX1 :30Xp

’ 30333 Clip D33X 30’X 3*33 0*DJ-L*3 3X1 : D3’33X

v. 17. *p xi*'n

<9 0) D'lPpi'IX DUin 37

Tjoy p’sx xj/px-py_ trrrn xp*nn-pppi xp’jpni m pan : x;tnx-pj? jijpp prs'i xjnxp ppp„*np is xirnn-pp xrvn-pp ♦ n’oy ’nijp-’&'ji n’nnxi *rnm w

t -: t t : - t ^ : •• : ■; :

-fD ip£q pa-vip/p x|nx-p£ trrnp Pp xpU'-ppi XP’i'p i Ppo P’dji ” dpp xipppo ra xiPi : xnip’n 3 ” P’ppi: xnppp-Pi? pp# p’px'i ’bp xfliy Ppdi X’pp 21 dP’oP p’Dix xP nnp’pp ” poxi rvjppp-n: xjmp xpoxp xpP xPi’ nx xpox ’pirrPnp x;nx-n’ pi;'

xop ’m-pp-rr ’ipodP pty n’Dix-xPi nnw p”p xbim x'pipi xpvm xjpp? x#px ’Di’-Pp pty :nn?;n 22

: pPop’ xP x’PPi dop xinDi XD’pi CAPUT 9 JO

-n> 1P01 udi wis pnP poxi ’nijp-np rij-n’ ” “ppi « Py_i xjnx rnrrpp P;* *nn pppio’X'i ppnPrni :xjnx 2

x»’ ’nnPppi x;nx tr’mn nVpp x-Wp xaijnpp pp’pp ’p* ppp ’h xinp xtp'nn-pp ; pp’pp-prt’ jipp’p 3 p'e’PJp xpP’P'DPP : xPip-n’ Tipp jp’prr xpd;' piP’p 4

p;_p i'pnx pp’jp^pip fippp-n' DPpi : ppp’jp xP rrpp n xpp-D’ pitP’p-ppj p>d xppx—i'di npi’pnx xn’n-pp xePxp xop pitrp : xtrixp xtrsj-n* i'pnx ’nihxp 6

pp^ H xdPvp nx PK’n' n’op x'j'P rnnop : np-iJDi xi’pxp H’P’nx ipdi icps nnxi : xpp'x-n’ 1

D’pO'XJx xn xixi : po’oP n’a^ ’niiPPi mPpoxi q

xn’n xp'20-pp Dip : p^nnp pp'jp-D;p fippj; *p;p-n! ’

38 (9 D) m foederis.

: pxn n!n bob nonn ’xv’boo Donx pxn mrrbooi 11 ’oo my niro-bo mo’-xbi obnx vmo-nx ’nbpm 12 o’Hbx npx’i : pxn nnp? biop oly mn’-xbi bioon

tpj-bo pi dd’voi b’o pm px-itpx nnon-mx nxr 13 hn’m pro ’nro ’nPmnx: obiy mob oonxntrx mrt

t : |t : Iat t |v • v.- t • : |- v |t * l : AY : • -*Y ~

14 pxn-by py pjyo mm : pxn pi p’o mo nix'? obmoi b’o ie’x mo-nx ’noon: pyo ntpn nnxmi bioob o’bn my mm-xbi nPo-boo rrn omirbo pi

i6 mo borb mh’xoi pro ntpn nmm: -po-bo nntrb -by ntrx itro-boo mn Pm-bo pi D’hbx p obiy

y: kt t t : t - yjy t f •• • v: ! jm t

it mx mon-nix nxr m-bx D’ribx oox’i :pxn -JY - | < “A Y Y y: )~ I y \t t

is ymi o : pxn-by np’x nip-bo pi b’p ‘nbpn ♦ox xm om non Dm do* nonn-ro b’xirn rrS-oo r >. t : yatt jt : y‘ t - I • • : | - - :

19 jpxn-po nom nbxoi ro-oo nbx ntPo> : poo 21 no Pi |Mn-?o nP’i : doo yon nonxn Px ro bm 22 vox nny nx ryio ’ox on xon : nbhx pino bum

23 nbppn-nx n§’i Dtp' npp : pno rnx-oc’b mn nny nx ibon n’inhx bb’i ohw ooPby lo’tP’i

24 ra pp”i : ixn xb on’ox nn;*i nopnx bnpDi on’ox mix nox’i : ropn 100 lb ntpy-ntf'x nx y-n i.i”o

26 *nbx nin* pno nox’i : vpxb np’ D’poy noy fyp 27 -’bnxo pp”i n$’b b’nbx nsi : io1? toy poo ’np or

v. 2i. pp I'Snx

(9 CD) pibpjiN Dinn 39

'*730 pippy Ny-iN mrrbppi Nmypp Npiyp pbpyp |ibpy ’P’p-m o’jwi jKjpss rm bp*? Nmo’n *ppi n my ’.m-Nbi ndpvo ’dp my Nitba-bP ’xw’-Nbi NJN-m b’p-nN nh ” hpni : Nyw Nbpnb njsid 12

jt~: * t| : t <t t: j~ -r *]t : - jt t ” : vt t

pipsy n Nmn NtbPJ-bp pm pibp’m hp’p-pp pm I rS : -i’ (.t : - jt : ~ t 19" I " j" • : " I " ” t

D’p nN'P ’nm NJjyp mpm ’ntbp-m : NPby mb 13 NpnK-by Nmy ’mays ’rm : njtin pm np’p-pp 14 hp’p j’D-m ’b’p-n’ worn : Nuriya Nntbp ’rnnm my ri'm-Nbi nipp-Ppp Nrm Ntbflj-bp rm pibp’m NDjyp Nntbp mm : NntrmbD Nbanb Nimpb n-’p is

rtTT^: - i.t : |- ;•• : |t : t it t - : t t : t -

NtbPJ-bp pm ’’-tnhp’p rm pby op pp-ib rmriNi tin nh mb ” honi : NjpN-by m NiPmbDD Nib’n 17 : NjjnN-by n jpfcprbp pm hp’p-pp mp’pN’n b’j? Nirr Dm ns’i om pcb Nmmn-rp ipbj m m-pp nm is

-bp-imppN pbNPi m-’jp pbN Nnbn :jypm ’itipn 19 ’mm :Np~o p’aPi NyiNP-nba -qj m men : NyiN ’max Dn Nrm : nppjbp ijp ’bnnNi ’im Nnpmrp 22

j t< t-:- - j : v : : • : A * : vt : - I •

: Npmm ’mnN-ppnb pm ’mpNp Nnny m pbp-r

jirrnn qnp-by 'iN’itp NniDP-m nbn Dtp' mpn 23

pbrnp 'fin’SNi pmpNi Nnny m iN’pp'i pbrnp ibbo

m ymi nnpnp m lynNi : iripr Nb Nnnyi 24

’rr nbp npy ryjp p’b hdni : Nmyr nna mb -oy-m n;>

Nppy jyjp ’p’i om mnb^ ” pnp ipN) : ’mnNb 26

*rm Pibn npptb'pp n’njptb' ncm nfl’b ’’ ’ns* : pnb 27 j” : v v • t : <** :

40

28

29

K

9

3 4

n

6

7

8

9

* 11

12

13

14

ID

16

17 18

19

D

(10 ♦) m Noachi posteri.

ttfrw to nnx rrj-’nn nab my up vm oti hixn ytPi nj-»a*-p\m : rw DPam rritr hixa

" : t • :|~ It t y • t t

2 : nan rto o’E'Dni rw | T- AT T V • T T

CAPUT 10 *

nnx dp on1? iton nan on oa* ru-p ntoin nbxi j- - y t •)•; t j : |t-- •/att -it ~ •• : j : | v •• :

: Di’m pai ton pn nai niai loi ns’ p : Hman naPx ?v pi :no*uhi nam ppx naj pi

-it • y: „■ Ktt y : |t : - | : c— * : j- : : Y A <" ■

□nbnxa bnjn "x rnsj mxa : dpt dtid PtPm onvai tins Dn pi : dtp DnhatP1? ijcto? Px

; At Y‘ : |Y" | : i.t : : • : A : • Y

napi nroDi tonm xdd trnb pi : upi aiai xm moj-nx to anai: pm X3a» nap 031 xnnaoi hit pH mv-Pu rrn-xin : pX3 naj nV,m Pn nPxn »hni : mrr os'? tv tsj nnajs nbx’ p-Hy pxn-ja : nj/.p px3 njpi -px'i pxi pa intoaa -nxi to rom-nxi nua-nx pH mtrx xv’ xmn : nton myn xin nP pi nua p fpn-nxi : nP -nxi DPtonxi D’ojy-nxi oniPnx tH’ onvai Dtp ixv* nb*x D’nPa-nxi D’bnna-nxi iD’nnaj

•n • J : |t y 1 •. : - v : • •. : “ Y |: |* : “

p’v-nx to fi’bi d : Dnn?3-nxi: D’rit^'p

:Pton nxi ’Hbxrrnxi ’Di3,n-nx'i :nn-nxi i333 |- t : - — Y- : y:jt y : • : - Y : |“ Y : v

-nio nriNn-nNi :^Drrn*o nnn-nNi *rn : ’pjsn mns^a ivbJ nnxi ’nonrrnxi novn noiD H3X3 np-to mu nsxb p’va bypn Huj orinB&ti? on-p tox: yttoto obvi nonxi main

.. _ • * ..... — I T ^— l* IT ‘ — " .IT — • I —

v. 10. n:nw Sud

(10 *) DiPpm' omn 41

ptpani nxa nPn joaie ana n:-»spm :pinp Kaai> p/:a 28 : man p:^' ptpam nap ytpn n: *av-Pa am: fpp* 29

CAPUT 10 *

p:a rin1? mPTM nan on du? n:-aa napin pPxix

atrai Pavn pa nai jiiai aau na; aa : jpana ana 2 | v Y.‘ At : I-itt: t t v j yy j” : |t t j- t

ntr’PK rv aai: naajim nan: ?:aa\\' aai: aa:: D*vm 4

Nrapj; na: -caanx pp»s*a :D\rrrn oma ttf’jP'P! n on aai : prraatf? pnpvjnfp nasp’pp aa: Jihrunrc? e nnaoi nPam nod eaa aai :?jaai aiai Dnvoi ana 7 -m a’PiK aaai : mi Nats' najn aai nanaoi na;m s

mnasan : Ninwa mpn-aa: anaP ntr Kin aiaa: 9 jt—. I|y - t • r-Y: y : - t j a: •

□ap fpprraa: aiaa:a aa^m ja-py.” aap^pn-aaj Kj’axa n:Pai aato aak\a Paa mniaPa cm mm : ” ’ mr:-n’ toai mmnx pa: N*nn Kjnx-ra :Paaa 11 nPa pai m:a pa pa-na : nPa-na Knap ’aina-na 12 ♦Na:y-na waip-n' a'Ptt onsai : xnaa Knap K’n 13 ’KmPoa na WDiana-na : ’Nmnarna wanp-na 14

t : - j- : t : - : |" t : - -: y* t t : - :

n’Pix pnai I’Npanap-np asTuppa [ana ipa: n » na ’xaiax-na ’KDia’-na mn-na nnaia pa’a-n’ ie -na :’Kpin:x-na >‘paj/-na wrrpi I’jsttpry Jg n’inr naanx ta-anai wnan-na ’xaavna 'KaiaK -a;' aa:P »aa pia’va nx:^:a onan nirn : waiaa 19 lya'p-ay aaaia naak\a naia;a DiaDP *6a mj? : pn'aa>‘a [inn^ax? jin^tp’pp [inp[j;arp an-:a pPK 3

42 (10 ♦) m rvtrarin Noach l posteri.

21

99 4ml*J

23

24 HD

26

27 28

29

s

31

32

Nin-D *1 D^Vl D : DiT'U3 DntfTJC DrwV? A _ v- •. ;•• . |V | : V.T : At | : •

new o'?']? our aa : Prun ns’ t»n napaa-Pa 'on : ew "irui w din aai : dini nPi neostNi

|-t •:)■:: i. : I P At v : |t —:|— j :

np* "tapi: iDi’-nN i1?’ ripen nPe-nN np’ *ieosnNi

rnx Den pxrr ruPsj to*a jPs mxn oe* ona atr ( t y : I v t t jt : tt : <• v v t v |t j" A’t j” :

nioivn-mo Pep-w ■nioPN-nt* ~6' r^pn :?ap>

PaipnNi: nPpn-nNi PnN-nsn onm-nxi: rrv-nNi

aa'v-mi nPnrrnifl naiN-rw: toe-rw PNO’aN-rw At V : vr •v : ;• v : |t : v : v t |- v :

in maD naxa NePo oaena »rm : rap’ aa nPN-Pa

Dnanxa oree’PP onnsePP otr-aa nPx :Dipn

nPkei orrua onPP'inP nraa nnseP hpn : orruP '•. AV" | : i,t : | : s : : VJ" |v | :

s : Piaorr anx pxa D’urr rnsi I - - r - I Vitt -J- - s : : •

v. 23. 3«D3 nn£3

(10 ’) D1PPJ1N DlJin 13

’mm* ■q>‘-J3-:?:n jim3K Nin-qx Tp’nx cc,si 21 : d*ini mPi -icosini now d1?’^ otr-03 : nsi nan 22

rhui-rv TpiN neosiKi: roi nrui n>‘ mx 031 ^ ow ;*J3 pin n’P’rw -qj/?i : -ojf-rv TpiN rf?cn n; :?op’ \mnN men NjnN ruFsnx ’rribi’3 nt< JP3 in -m mo’wrjm rfw-m ■nioPN’-n’ T^ix ?opn 26

-m ‘rsiy-rm : rf?pTn’i prw-n’i cnnrrm : rrv il -p3 33i’-m np’irrm “I’SiN-n’i : iotp-rvi l'n'o,3N’ 29

t at -: v,t •-: ~: >• ~: |t : **: v t •

33D1? ’oo N'evoo promo mm :?op’ 03 rpN s pnninNO jimtF1?1? pnminr1? nb-03 ppx : xnyno 31 pn'oop pnrnmm? m-03 rvjnr j’PN : pmooj'o 32

: NJ310 "IfQ N‘Jp3N‘3 N’,00# lO’PSpK f’fNOI

44 jVbin rip

Note.—Here belong the Aramaic portions of the BihJe; viz.,

Genesis XXXI., 47 (2 words).

: -ir?Ji P Nip jpjii (Nmmtr U’) p1? P-Nipi H" : “ t);t | .-i~: At |t w: Itt J tJ:-~

Jer. X., 11.

113;* N1? NpINl N’Ott’-H NM1N DlrP illONn 1.113 A- • -it )vt : - : ;t - : |* t _ jty: : I j : |" r

: rpN ro' nlnn-pi ntino ii3N* v I" W

* Daniel II., 4b—VII., 28.

* Ezra IV., 8—VI, 18; VIL, 12—26.

* For the longer passages in Daniel and Ezra, the student is referred to his

Hebrew Bible.

?K’np p jnav Dijnn 45

n GENESIS 8.

*?3 m N/vn *?s m m n* nnD’M ” toti -om * t -: t : ~ t “ _ ••:••: t: • :

kjhk ?# pap? rrn p iay;Ki Knia’n? map Kipa 'Dim Kamn ♦jnaa nanpKi uddi : K’a laina-Ki 2 lawmi laiam : Kiaa’ ip nma?a Kipa panNi w' 3 hkd fjiDp wo npm pa”m p??K kj/ik i?;pa K’a wn nKipatp Kni’D m nrai ram : par papm 4 Die* pnpi nip ?>’ Kni!1? par npptp jpa? kitp K’aana ram K’aaiK in kiid mai Kamp in kiid p?rK iin K*ai D’am : Kra’ia k;'ikd K’aaiK? Kmp n Kni’i ina nan? nan rrv "yc? nm ij; ppm par ppaiK rppa mm 'mi : K’lia »ap iK’appK e m na? n?am • ia;n Kma’n mia m ra nnsi 7 : KpK i?’j/a K’a itP’Kpn ip a’Km pp’a ppp Kaip pK 'anai mm?a Mip? Knar m iiai n?am 8 nnatpK Kpi k?i : kj;ik ’sjk i?pa K’a i??lppK 9 Milan? mm? nam K?an nDia? Kmu Knar

t : •• t : ~t: t : • “ : - : t:- t:

mi’ a'aiM kj/ik ?a ’pjk ?j/ ia diik njrjiKi 1’iiKi ?n? : Kma’n? mm? nn’ ?’j?ki Knaon ’ : Kma’n [a Knar m Kina’? •?’diki par Kj/aia1 am K2iD Km Ka*ai kjiij/? Knar mm? nnKi Kam 11

46 pN’ny p jnjv omn

hid jo mnppjn npiap mnpi mpn D’pP Nmn 12 Pn”i: ttjntt ’ip’yo k»d iPP'ipnN om rfj ymi xntr’o

N*Pl Knp'V n* K'ntj’p CJ’DIN'1 J’DV NJpU? Pin 1")1N1 13 Nim nxo n’tr'3 mm ’mi : pin mmP omaP ns’D'w

r- T . ; t - •• t : — •• : ~

N*;y\\* Pya n;p ipuj s*ne* trnp Nmyp nnp ntynp psr : njdk ’sn ipuj xom xnip’nn nNsin rv nj n;\\i

14 Niryp j’o'r xjipitn p^yp jicpna nmpi annpi i6 pis Ni : na’aP m oy y P’Pai "Q-n : Njn# ntpyiN n pp pp ; -jay -jjp pn ijjpi -jnnjN'i nJK NniP’n ja

Niynn pppi Nmyppi k\’piyp fob’p Ppo yap Nfi’n flap N'yPKP jnp’ny yay psjn xpN Py epyr

is pi mnnixi ’ijpi nj psji Kin : Npi* Py jippm 19 E”rm NSjy Ppi xsrnn Pp Nmn pp pp : may ms o m njpi jp’i :N*nip’n jo ipao jjnmpiP NyiN Py

~na’xn imyp din ftm xnpna Kin ” Dip xnpnu HP linpjst ’ipyi topnp npy pnpxi jnyn xnjj jp mjpi nvn’x xupian Pa wnj npi pnjpyp m Ppi ysiK p’pm »pn yjy Pp jai xun xy’yp Ppp pdji nj

21 mjpip xiynp y Pppi ” rm : xnpnu xmn Py j’jp xynx m pin ap’ap y’pjx xP nnp’pp y naxi U”P XUU’XU XPPn N*Ti” D1PX XU’J’X ’JP ’Pin

* t t * * : t • : t : • tt v: ** :

xap’n ’rn pp m ’np’pp pin y’p'ix xPi mni’pua 22 nsippp xynn xynx ’pv Pp my my • nnpyn

npp npipnp Npipi jp’p nsipnp xmfm npn

jmv oinn 47

nP *P’Pi ’oon Ninoi ND’pi non naipna Noini : pppan’

0 :ytrin’ iso JOSHUA 20.

nppp pNop” 0? oy Ppp : no’op j/pnn’ ’’ Pppi 5 : np’on nto popy n’Pppn Nniapr pnp n_’ pop ion rvjnp Npa iPe’a Nepj Piopn Npiop fpnp pinypp 3

N’lnpp Nnnp pinyn j npo Pnop Nara’p pop rnnn 4

’3D anp PPpn Nnnp jnnn NoP&oa Dipn ppNn pnnip Nnnpp n*n’ pcoon’nipjna m N’nn Nnnp Non P.\'j tjiTj’ ’oni : pnpy amn nnN n’p pmn n nuno NPa HK rt’T3 NPiop n’ podo’ nPi mono : ’niopppi 'ppnNO rvp Nin oe> nPi nnan ir Pop nj? NJ’np njobOo Dip Dipn ny_ N’nn Nnnpa amn e NPiop am’ pa pawn N’oi’a Nn’ n Nan Nona mo’n iron : jonp pn# n Nnnpp nvvapi nmnpp PUP7

noioo dob’ nn ’Pnsi n’an Nnioa nP’Pjo cnp n* npn N’nioa pnan N\n jpnN nnp nn d’o-dn non ova n’ ian’ Nnrno innn notvP Nnajioi :mw 8 njOoa moo nn piNon Noairo Nntr’oa Noanoa ppN* : npopn ndob’P pnpa jpu nn nn Npaa’P 9

pnon’ ’0 Npiopi Pnop” oa Pap pprpn Nopp nNip nip’ N'pi ippp n’bPj Piopn Pa fpnp pn;*pp pnop

: N'noOa onp Dipn ny Non pNon Nn’a t : • tJt: I t : " t : T

48 rrov Dinn

i :irr♦ ycr^ ood ISAIAH 6.

n Nip* jt vrrn n*od ion rwy no^o no yjnia arm nnp’ v-rpi xpiip wp pi h’diid by n& ”i

2 psj xntp ’nipip xon? ftr’ip ptppw : xPD’n ’ppnx pipqi nn xPi midx ’ppp pin? inp paj xn# inp

3 |p pi pppppi : #p#p pijipi ’?pno xPi nprij ’DDp #’ip n’njD# n’p nxP>* xpiip ’p#d trip pipxi pi p x’ppj; ’pppi dP#P #’ip nmo.: idij; xjnx by

4 xPdm ’2d nip’x u’n ♦ nnp’ vr xjnx Pd x’Pp nixDP n ’p i nnpxi : xntpp*< ’Pppix x#ipp n’pi xPiPp Ppp

PjPPI nay PDI XJX XnDiXp D’n 1DJ ’IX n’Dn ’IX nixpv p x’pP;’ ppp nrp# ip’ n: ’ix dm’ xjx ppinp

e PPpd i’piddi x’#p# ?p in ’nip ’in#xi : '?y nxrn xpiip ’p#d xip’ *diid by n*n.iD#i Dip fp P’Dpi

7 ’pjn2 ’ni# xn ipxi ’pidd iidi : xnaip rp b*y s n’i’pai : pispn’ pxpni ppin pip ppi2? ’nxiDJ

P’P’ jpi nxpiixp np#x jp ni ipxi pi xip’p Pp rv 9 ip’m Pnx ipxi : ’I’ nbty xjx xn nnaxi xaPxP

- ... "v: - • T - : t—. t T T “ :

xPi xrnp irm pppnpp xPi yp#P pyptri pin xp#P ’ oypy ’niJ’jp ip_’ MPmxi pin xpjh n’pp #sp : p;rr

ippno’ pnppDi pyp#’ finpiixDi pnp’tfD prrr xppi ii -\y_ ipxi p ’np’x ij; n’lpxi :pnp pDnp’i ppini

xjnxi x#jx ’Pdp x’ddi dm’ ’Pdd xiip pin

Dinn 40

ptijq Nninv uom NettN ^ ;v ” prm :Hvm nnnn 12; finn fiainn N’pnv Nnpj; fp nn na fn^np’n iNjnNp is

peo’P pan ’niano nnoan NOiPaai xooiaa N’anvP Knipj p xjnr prop N*p|pp pa’on pjx pa njr| Ntp-pp-t Njnr ns* pnrpNtp painn jiKpan’ Pssnp’n

: finnayj na : a ’ P n n

PSALM 24.

panm Pan xnnnai x;nx xn ”P Knnatnn nnP » Knnnj Pjn Nnana’ nr wiy py xm n Poo : na % Dtp’ [01 ’H Npnpp np nop pp’ |P : NpjpnN 3

’piN N’Pp N’Ji’^p nnai Np’x ’an : Npanip nnxa *

Pap’ : N’Pajp ON’p N’Pi n’tepj N‘a|nP joptr Pj? n

pn : nopnian xnP^p N’npnvi p onp fp xnana 6 i2pr : pppjp? apr: ’isx nap pi’an n’p pyann xnn 7

PUP! N’pPi’ pPjpp lapnrNo pa’cp'n Nnpnpp no ’jnn P naji po’i| p xn’p’ rjpp ’an xin |p : xnp’ *jpp s

pi’n Knjj ’jnn inpr : jonp najn Nnmaj no 9

|P : N’npi k\*apo Ptyp xpp£ pp^p iapnrNi fiao’n *

Ki’p’ ppp Kin niN’pv p Knp: xapo ’an Nin

: ppP^P jp :D’Pnn

PSALM 150.

Njppna n’“’T inatp n’trppo noa koPx mao’ nnPPn« T T v:

50 omn

2 ’.wid rpn nvr mat?' nTm/o^a rrn; inae*: npanjm a nan’ inasr Nnaiam xnijnpna n’n| mac* : nnnmn •i nm; matp pjjnai pama nvr matn : i,_iapi ppaja n iinminpa pj'prn ftPvPvs n’n’ maa’ ipaiaNi pp’pna 6 nvtxo Ps : Naa’a pjwpn nPi?Pi:a n’n’ mat?

: nnPPn n’ naa^n T * “ T “ “

3 :nn nan RUTH 2.

«|p N'n’niN‘3 rppn npj npj npajp jinipnans’ ’pjpPi 2 nip Kn’aN’iP nn nnpksn • rjpa n’Ptpi ppp’pk\‘ Din’

naans’ ’p nna ppiaaq anjpNi N’ppnp jj/p Prx ’pjp 3 mapi npjn nprxi: ’nna PtN np nnpN’i ’ij’jia ppnn

m N’Ppn njons’ N’njnx ;mxi N’nttn nna xPpna 4 n’ap N'pN' |jfia N’ni : ppp'pN' Din’ fpn rj/lap nin

n’p inpN'i p3n;'D3 pn k\np’p N’p’ K’niynp npN'i onp n NHivn pj; an ppn n’ppiyp rjna npk\n :p "pana’ e Pj; an jopmn np’Pw aw : N’nn k\an npin pnns’p

nnnnN'i nann tun axipn xp;’ rp xan npxi x’nia’n v rij3xi |^3 manns nnpN’i : ak\‘lpn Ppnp ’pjp dj?

nppi nnxi xmivn nna nksna’Pn np k’diPn'3 ppaia’ xam pn n’jp pa |j/p njn k\'nav Dnpp |j|p naa;nnks‘i

8 ’nna pp npap N’Pn nm nip rjna np^i • nrrpy N'n’aa

najnn nP pN’i rm PP?^' navpp pann nP : ’nppir dji papinn jqrri NnnnN’ npixp pppp top

Duin 51

Npn finnna fanrn fnvpn tfPpPP NParipa N\pn 9

K’ny rix n fpy:n p’D popp* Npp N’apu* n’_ rnp? :N*aPw f’Pa h ”ia n‘W »nrw xaaP *P*rN ”iaP jn N'p rrp npaNp njhn Pj; npapi nhsn Pj; dPsji ’ myo n:n'i anwPiappP<p pr>- f’POP rmptpN* PyaP ’din* n'Pd Na^ai DNiai finroaa rtNiDa N’innN* nxinriN' nP ddni ?jPd d'din'i : *h wiaaDD 11

t ~ : tt-:* t _ - * -: - t - t : ■ :

fnpN* Npppa Pj; ny nP ** aa apa n’P’dd aa*a Py *p pja ppap H’niH HNiDja *Py la^riNi Npapa Py ripjapp Tj’nian uy mpi’a N’niD’p jaa f’Naai pppa p’DN’ “]*a;p p*nPna nppaa p’p;_*3 n*ap ana nrv dj,* pa anapt N’aanxP nPwa rpniap; n'I’dni p’aNi rj’P *’ Piaj’ : niappai ’PpriN’a p’P i*iianp,'N‘ nP *p 12 N’a’Pcp' p’pjx *rn do ppp'iy Pj; pan N’apj'a do Pia; NnunNp nnN’i pNntrn nhPn ” pap fa ma xapyp Nvror N'innDi rrap* ro’Da* PPa ninn nN’DianN'Pi npDTi mp ay ppPm "nap dj,t pa fa ’awn om aiaa rjj’jra porn rot?}* maNt : m\*pi Prrai 13 N’nPPa omi p»a N’Pnpa *aaaP anaamn anara mp N,aP;f fpnap annapNp] “fnas* Dp Py pairqn N’ap^p] ’ppm *p nnap or *p n*p Na\p [NnippvD \p fpyp UPD nP aa\p : pnnax fa N’pn dj; iP’Dn imp 14 rppi’p *a”at?i xanp fa ’Pidtvi N'pp.n ryap nthijo mmi xmyn pddo ro’nn N’Pna Panama N’P’aonD

: t - t - : • - tt: t • : - :

52 puin

10 ipypP npjpi : nixntpx! n>nin nppxi ’pp npp ip- x’pnx p’p px ip’pp ’ip>Piy n? rj;i3 i’ppi pppip*

i6 |p nP pi’nn inp pxi : nnappn xPi xipy nn n ni’pyi : np pspn xPi xipy inpP ppptpni xnnx

ni’pyi ppms? n: nani xcrpi i# xPpnp ppmtr- is np;p nipipi : piiyp pxp nPpp firrpjw’ nini

xP’pin |p npsx] npypi np n» nnipn nni xnipp i9 maxi : nyptrp nP nixntrxi xnro n’ nP rati

iPilpp nPpnsr'x |xpi pi xpi’ rnpy |xp nnipq nP rv nniprip nxini rpipp Tpp ;nipnp’XP xi?j xrp n’Pinjpxi xipj aw nppxi rrp;* ipypp npmp'xn

a “pup nnppp *pjp nipxi :tfpo npjip pi xpi’ n’pjp □p x*n py nnip’p ppp* xPn pi xpnip map xm : Mi xjpnsb xipj xjP pnp »pjp nP nipxi x-wp

21 »p’i x’pi a;? »p ipx mix px n’px'iD nn nipxi 22 nipxi : ’p’i xnyn Pp m py'tp’ npi |pr ij; papinn

□# pipn mix ’nip intp nnPp nn nip ’pyj 23 nppixi : ppix Ppnp rpp pjr)jp xPi inppi;*

ivni piiyp nyn W’l ijp ipypp rjppi ’inpPiyp : nnipii oy npyvi ppn.

* A at. Paris P. JOpnSD. T T • T

NOTES.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS'

USED IN NOTES AND VOCABULARY.

act., active, adj., adjective, adv., adverb. Aph., Aphel. apoc., apocopated, c., common, caus., causative, comp., compound, -ed. conj., conjunction, const., construct, dag., daghesh. dem., demonstrative, denom., denominative, emph., emphatic, esp., especially, f., feminine, foil., following. Imp., Imperative. Impf., Imperfect. Inf., Infinitive, insep., inseparable, inter., interrogative, interj., interjection. Ishtf., Ishtaphal. Ithpa., Itbpaal. Ithpe., Ithpeel.

Ittaf., Ittaphal. Jer., Jerusalem, m., masculine, ord., ordinal. Pa., Pael. part., participle, parte., particle, partic., particularly, pass., passive. Pe., Peal, per., person, pers., personal, pi., plur., plural, preform., preformative.

■ prep., preposition. pr. n., proper name.

| pron., pronoun, pronom., pronominal, refl., reflexive, s., sing., singular. Shaf., Shaphel. sig., signification, subj., subjunctive, subs., substantive, suff., sufiix, -es. Targ., Targum.

* Those omitted will be readily understood.

NOTES ON THE TARGUM OF ONKELOS.

GENESIS L—X.

Chap. I. 1. ”, abbreviation for ("HiT, is generally used in the t: .

Targums to render tfiN, nv and D’rON, the latter usually when . t t # • v:

as here it occurs as the sole appellation of the Deity. JTliT * v: t :

appears in the London Polyglot as ”, in the Paris Polyglot as

and, as is said, in some other editions as KnSN* ’ Sim- t t # t i v:

ilar expressions render nliT No satisfactory explanation v: 7

of this sole abbreviation in the Targums has been offered. The

Jews were accustomed to pronounce it t x — : ~

emph. state, indicated by ^_. This ending stands properly for the T

Heb. article, but the state marked by it comes to be used, just as

the absolute state is used, without idea of definiteness.

2. yi:n arm! and the wind from the presence of the Lord was t •:

blowing etc. The connection points out this meaning for tTH- If

it means spirit, as some maintain, we have here the opening of an

idea, common to the Jewish theology, of a personal, created being,

sent forth by God to operate in the forces of nature and upon the

the souls of men.*

4. trnas- Tsere written fully as often in the Targums.

11. 'IjH herb whose son-seed is sown i. e. such vegetable

products as contain in the plant the seed to be sown. irjnr has

the usual Targum-suffix for jl_.

* This is the opininion of Weber. See his “System der Altsynagogalen Palcie-

stinischen Theologie,” page 184. Leipzig, 1880.

56 NOTES.

12. Dp*iDX Aph. for jlpipX* Tsere frequently occurs in place

of Sh’va. to his kinds*

13. ’xnriri for vv'ti. In the unpointed text ^ was used to

distinguish final from *__ and then ^ was inserted in place of \

id. jin? with them (pirq).

21. Tsere for Sh’va.

28. Kpll. V for Sh’va.f

31. ppD usually ppD in Onkelos.

Chap. II. 2. Peel, a peculiar Pael form in which * takes

the place of daghesh in the second radical. The second Tsere is

used interchangeably with Hireq as occurs very frequently in the

several conjugations of Aramaic verbs.

4. DTPS. Hebraism. See Note on I. 1.

5. Cbj'N’l clearly erroneous. Read with the editions cited

at I. 28.

7. ‘)y\ mm and it (breath) became in Adam a talking spirit. .t-: -

8. ponp'po probably means here in the early time, formerly.

If so, Onkelos misunderstood the passage.

9. 'VI and [the) tree the eaters of whose fruit know between

good and evil. pQDfl for ppplT

12. XhS-13. The punctuators adopted this pointing to avoid

confusing Qamets with Qamets-Hatuph. The Berlin edition refer¬

red to has the correct reading. The Paris Polyglot has Holem.

* It is not necessary to suppose witt Buxtorf and the grammarians who have

iollowed him that Onkelos has rendered exactly the Heb. (and therefore that

is used in the Targums for n_); for in vs. 21 he has made precisely the same

mistake in a form which makes the fact evident. At best, assertion based on

words which would be the same in form for both sing, and plur. nouns offers

scanty proof for irregular usage. See note on VII. 14.

+ So in Buxtorf and the Polyglots. In the editions of Onkelos, Berlin, 1863

and Vienna, 1859, Tsere appears as in vs. 21. For certain readings of the Vienna

edition I am indebted to Rabbi Felsenthal.

GENESIS III. 57

14. -nrun NmiD1? to the East of Assyria i. e., to the front- — : t : • ” :

icard (this side) of Assyria.

17. 'U1 f?’NP1, hut from the tree of those who eating

its fruit discern etc. The Paris Polyglot has ,Lox as in vs. 9. •• : t

18. nil **1, so pointed, means that has been; but this introduces

n singular turn of thought. Two other explanations are possible

(1) that the words are a corruption from the single word ?

(2) that nnpS of the Paris Polyglot and other editions is the cor¬

rect text.

23. Peil, a Passive conjugation, more frequent in Bib¬

lical Aramaic.

24. This verse seems to refer to the unfitness of intermarriage

among near relatives, an idea not contained in the original.

25. pp’vonp probably should be Ithpe. as in the Paris Poly¬

glot and perhaps in Walton.

Chap. III. 3. = XO '1. T : T T

5. |TO. On account of the sublimity of God, the Jewish

theologians would assign nothing human to Him, much less an ap¬

proach to divine attributes to a human being. Hence the text must

be improved wherever any such likeness is found.

6. n’3 either to contemplate it or to heome ivise •• t t — : * :

through it, probably the latter.—fQrPl as though * had Sli’va

rather than Pattah.

7- rnr- Hebraistic plural.

8. NIO’Q. This term is derived from and means the t :

Word. It is applied in the Targums to God when there is involved

the idea of His active agency in the world. This personal idea grew

out of such passages as Isa. LV. 11. At first, it appears in these

Paraphrases where the original contains anthropomorphic expres¬

sions, but it soon came to be employed for God in His immediate

mundane activities; thus, creation and judgment are attributed to

58 NOTES.

this Person, He is the Redeemer and Protector of Israel, and her

prophets receive their commission from Him.

This Person is carefully to be distinguished from a mere messen¬

ger of God and from the Messiah of the Old Test. It must be re¬

membered also that, while the later Jewish theology dropped the

term as they did their idea of the immediate activity of God in the

world, the word really supplied its place, having come to

mean the personal representative of God, rather than the imper¬

sonal symbol of His presence.* *1 with Pattah as though be¬

fore hHK.

10. T jru,m for rfrm as if it were Peil. Tsere is also written

fully as so often in the Targums.—jTIDtON- Ithpa. from "lDD

with assim. Such forms throw light on the so-called Ittaphal.

11. ‘?H3 = l7,13. 13. ’rypN = ’.L and 'i'UJs'.

15. tfin he shall he mindful of tliee what thou didst to him

at the beginning and. tliou shalt he watchful of him at the end.

19. should read jOiNN

21. Onkelos wrongly interpreted my as the part of man to be

covered instead of the material out of which the covering was made.

22a. A circumlocution to avoid the theology of the original pas¬

sage. See Note on vs. 5.

Chap. IV. 1. D*lp. was a word very useful to avoid

bad theology. Jehovah was far from men in the upper regions.

His name could not even be pronounced, much less could He be

supposed to act in the help-giving way described in the original.

4. HMfornM which is found in some editions. .. T _ •* * ~

7. Will not, if thou makest good thy work, there he forgiveness for

thee1 and, if thou dost not make good thy work, to the day of judgment

* For a satisfactory explanation of this Jewish idea the writer is indebted to

Weber. See p. 174 sq. of the volume already mentioned.

GENESIS YI. 59

thy sin is reserved, which will be exacted from thee, if thou do not repent,

and, £/iou repent, it ivill be forgiven to thee.

13. The interpretation of Onkelos might be correct were it not

for ys. 14 which shows that Cain seeks a mitigation of punishment.

14. See in Vocabulary.

16. pp'lppp* Onkelos seems to mean that this land (of the

wanderer and outcast, as he defines TO) was prepared for Cain in

the beginning. The Hebrew simply asserts that it was East of

Eden.

20. The suffix is pleonastic.

23. for jorx* N\-Ta\\* for not a

man have I killed that on his account 1 should bear punishment and

also not a youth have 1 destroyed that on his account my seed should,

be finished (Ithpeel).

24. for 'nx are suspended.

26. ftn forebore, ceased. T

Chap. V. Compare carefully the Hebrew of this chapter, note

the different order of the numerals and the plural for the sin¬

gular in Hebrew.

Chap. VI. 1. We must suppose either, (1) that this is

a very irregular Peal form used like such forms as (as in He- . T

brew) or (after the analogy of the other conjugations); or, (2)

that it is Pael, initial Sh’va having been substituted for Qamets.

The editions, as far as consulted, unite in the reading of the text.

3. For ideas in the original which Onkelos has missed see Dill-

rnann on Genesis.*

4. for or fillip pPl and they (the daughters)

were bearing on account of them (the giants).

* In Kurzgefasstes exegetisches Handbuch zum Alt. Test. Die Genesis, 4. Aufl.,

Leipzig, 188L

60 NOTES.

6. nHD*J33- See Note to III. 8.

7. m jTDD- Seghol incorrectly with \ V t

11. pjpiiOII robberies. Some editions have the reading |’3iDI7

robbers.

20. ppjp for or Other editions have the latter.

Chap. VII. 1. m. Dip is originally a noun and takes suf- t tIt= tIt:

fixes in the plural after the Hebrew analogy. Most editions give

the ending —pip. The Heb. article is used with dem. pro¬

nouns and pron. of the 3d person in the sense of just this or this

very.

i4. mf? may be taken as plural noun with suff. 3d sing. f. See

Dan. VII. 20 and ef. Gen. I. 12, 20.

Id- pJlN protected or sheltered from Aph. pjfr$ or p£jfr$. The

change of a long into the corresponding short vowel with dag. forte,

or the reverse, and the consequent appearance of alternative forms,

which is frequent in Aramaic, is illustrated in Hebrew by the use

of both try and try from fll- Perhaps it may be said more

strictly that pJIN is Aph. from PJ) and m from pJJ and that this

• suggests an original rrru or, better perhaps, in Hebrew. Cf. T. . “T

the Aramaic synonyms ££15 and ££^51.

Chap. viii. 3. yyn } for according to the regular usage of

the Targums. See the Paradigm. -ror For Qamets read Pattah t

with Paris Polyglot.

13. ‘Oi£ll for which is found in some editions.

16. from

17. p££*51 Impf. Peal from ££J*5£ with dag. forte incorrectly

omitted.

Chap. IX. 5. p5^jl££J'5£- Hebraism for p5jl££^53-

6. Ithpe. Impf. from “T££\N1 i. q.

11. ^j1££^. Ithpeel from ^*££J.

GENESIS X. 61

14. Pael Inf. with suff. of 1st person. becomes,

before suffixes.

16. Paris Polyglot (see Note to II. 12). For this

noun some editions read "1310 which seems preferable.

24. njtflN from Tiy.

27. In the Targums, the relation of the Shechinah to t • :

the Glory (jOpb ‘Ip^N) of God is such, that the former is simply

the latter made visible to men as the sign of the Divine presence

and activity and personal communion with them. It is not that

Glory itself, for that dwells upon the throne in Heaven and is hid¬

den from all but God, but it is glory of the glory, splendor from the

splendor of His countenance. At the same time, personal inter¬

course between God and His people is maintained, and the Shech¬

inah itself is made to dwell with them through the efficient action

of the Word.

In the later literature, there was grafted on this notion the per¬

sonal idea contained in JOD’D, this being necessitated by the ex¬

clusion of the latter from the theology. The Shechinah is now not

only the splendor of God made visible in cloud, but also becomes

the mediator of the Divine operations. Its personal qualities in¬

crease and at last there appears full-grown the idea of a Shechinah,

not merely active in Israel, but present in every place, and, through

it, God enters into any desired earthly activity, without vacating

His proper abode in the heavenly sphere.* Cf. above Note on III.

8 and below Note on Isa. VI. 1.

chap. x. ii. *3irn. A name given to a suburb of Nineveh

from the broad squares of which it was composed.

25. fU’^jIN i. q. rU73.1N-

* See Weber, p. 179 sq.

62 NOTES.

NOTES ON THE BIBLICAL ARAMAIC.

JEREMIAH X. 11.

DiH- Hebraism for pH —for y in its hard

sound, as it appears in Arabic, passes easily into p. The exchange

is frequent in the Targums.—for plDX*-—Hekraism-

This verse is probably an interpolation made during or after the

captivity. The MS. 526 of Kennicott omits it.

DANIEL II. 4b—VII. 28.

Chap. II. 5. njy. n for X as often in Biblical Aramaic.—

NHBO for nsnfcb" The Chaldeans of the Book of Daniel formed

the priest class of the Babylonian wise-men, later writers some¬

times extending the term to the entire college of wise-men, and

also gave much attention to astronomy and astrology. This limited

meaning of the term appears first in Daniel. The name was prob¬

ably first applied by outlying peoples to travelling members of the

class, for Babylonia (Chaldea) gave the sciences these men repre¬

sented to the entire Orient* For its use to designate the people as

a whole see Note on V. 30.— nn?o- n_fork\‘_ . as occurs fre- T ; T. T

quently in Biblical Aramaic.—for n'T’fN (“1 i. q. 7 and jl is T; — “ : -

changed to ^ as usually in the Talmud with the 3d f. sing.)f The

reading of Baer, KtrN is Part. act. f. Various other explanations t: It

have been offered for which consult the Commentaries and espec¬

ially Note by Fried. Delitzsch in the preface to Baer’s Edition.—

py-rirrn ). The sign of the Aph., which by

preference is H in Biblical Aramaic, is often retained after the

tense characteristic.— ’SU See 2 Kings X. 27 • t :

* See Itiehm Handwoertcrbuch des Bihlischcn Altcrthums. Art. Chaldaer by

Schrader.

t See Grammar of Luzzatto p. 88.

DANIEL II. 63

6. rOOA Probably office or position. See v. 17. t : * :

o. rinm your law, i. e., the purpose of all of you is the same. : It

-;h3n. In some verbs *> is assimilated as ^ and then, conversely,

appears as j, in accordance with later usage, which occasionally al¬

lowed the insertion to avoid doubling the following consonant. Of.

vs. 25.

10. Spv. Hebraism. -□bin (trim sacred scribe. See Gen.

XLI. 24.—rjtJ’K conjurer from to breathe, the breath being

employed in their incantations (This reading is to be preferred to

that given in Vocabulary.)

12. A general term including the priests and other

learned classes in the realm.

13. npai for ‘1— P?t3prvp were being slain.

14. ’O’DH1?. Acc. with H as direct object.

10. *^0, according to most authorities, is a passive participle.

It is better with Luzzatto to call it Peil Perfect.

22. tfVfm Read 1 for \

25. As j is inserted, in impure Aramaic, to avoid doub¬

ling a consonant, whether dag. forte has arisen from ^ or not, so it

is sometimes employed to form a mixed syllable, where a simple

syllable with heightened vowel would be expected. See vs. 9.

26. ^njHin1?. See Note to Gen. IX. 14.

27- re diviners or astrologers who pretended to determine the

destinies of men from the place of the stars at their birth.

30. See Note to vs. 19.

34. rnpnn, nppn for rnrim, nppn. 39. imiq.inn.

40. from >n

48. 'ijn rc-Srn. Daniel became governor of the province of

Babylon and president of the college of wise-men. The Chaldean

kingdom was divided into provinces (III. 2). pWD administrators

64 NOTES.

or vice-gerents—here, the leaders of the wise-men. See III. 2.

49. In the gate of the king, i. e., he resided at the royal court

while his friends executed his commands for the province.

Chap. III. 2.* The names of some of these officials are of un¬

certain etymology. The first three, however, seem to be classed

together and to include executive functions while the others refer

to judicial and financial matters. the governor-gen¬

erals. These were the chief representatives of the king in the pro¬

vinces and were set over them as administrators of their affairs.

The derivation is from old Persian and Zend [province-guardians)?

Greek, ^arpaTrjjg. the superintendents, lieutenant-satraps. At T--

first the office included spiritual and civil functions but finally was

for the most part a military position.—NjTflS- Probably from T T-: |_

the old Persian but of doubtful meaning. These officers were mil¬

itary or civil according to the period and represented a sovereign as

provincial prefects or governors. —N-Hf-rnN (from -|U TIN) the t —: It :

chief counsellors, supreme judges.—N*HDT! (Aryan) the managers T ” 1 T *

of the public treasury. See Ezra I. 8; VI. 21.—NTDrVT (old Pers- t - : |t :

ian) the learned in the law, the lawyers.—NTlDIl ( _Xi) dispens¬

ers of justice, counsellors. rulers, such officials as are not

previously enumerated. Cf. Ecc. VIII. 4.—JTpJH feast of dedica¬

tion. Cf. Ezra VI. 16.

5. Njnp horn, the tuba of the ancients. See Josh. VI. 5.—

NiTpWO a musical reed or fife from to whistle. Probably

the Septuagint has rendered correctly by shepherd's pipe, composed

of several reeds of different lengths and thicknesses bound together,

which was played at the end.—DTl(*)p or DTTVp is the Greek

nidapw, harp.—see J03D- The word corresponds to the t : ~ t : —

Greek aapfivurj, but the instrument is of Syrian origin and the name

therefore is Shemitic. It had four strings. is of Greek.

* For the terms used in vss. 2 and 5 see especially Keil and Lange in loco.

DANIEL IV. 65

origin differing from the harp only in the position of the strings with

relation to the sounding-board. — fTJSDID bag-pipe, from the t : :

G-reek. It consisted of two pipes passed through a leather bag in

such a way that when air is forced into the bag by one of them the

other ma}?- be played like a flute and gives forth screaming tones

heightened by the presence of the bag.*

8. pN'ltpD is probably used as in V. 30. To “ eat the pieces

of any one” is, according to Shemitic usage, to calumniate him.

The Chaldeans were jealous of the Jews and wished to have them

removed from office.

13. vrrn is a mixture of Aph. with Heb. Hoph.

14. pn‘?lE>....{nvD- Are ye of malicious design... .not serv¬

ing? may be explained by the Heb. For other de- t : t * :

rivations consult the Lexicons and Commentaries.

17. JOPVDP^'. See Notes to Gen. II. 2 and Gen. IX. 14. T T . T *•

19* 1-intr'N. Unless 1 appears incorrectly for *, this is a case

of attraction.

21. VP*1. Peal with Pael termination. For the articles of

clothing here mentioned, see the Commentaries.

22. HLSh Pass. part, for HtN-

26. N’Sr i. q. from 4>*.

29. DV'. Pass, part.—for iSu’- ' \ T T

Chap. IV. 3. Peil.

4. should be for rvw

9. p-i-r. would belong to noun feminine; rnp to noun

masculine. -ftp?-’ Ithpeel. is inserted to preserve the triliter-

ality of the root.

14. before a consonant of like organ as its ^ may

change the latter into the same.—O'LPjN* Hebraism. • T “ *

* See Winer, Rcalw jrterbach, II. 123.

66 NOTES.

15. tntps for rntrs.

16. Omit or place Hireq under it.

19. rVDl for “ : t : “ :

24. The king is exhorted to break off his course of sin by dealing

righteously and mercifully with his subjects.—OJH fi*7 if (you wish)

that there he etc.

30. mp. Peil.

32. “To strike upon one’s hand” signifies to restrain him.

33. rqpnn. Hophal. See Note to Oen. II. 12.

Chap. Y. 1. son °f Nabunahid, the last king of Baby¬

lon, was apparently ruler in the capital during the absence of his

father who went out to meet Cyrus in battle.*

3. vreN exhibits a rare use of ^ prosthetic in the Peal Perf.

7. ’n^n, fo>- Ti^n, h way of a third or triumvir. (It is

doubtful whether the text contains the true reading, but the essen¬

tial idea is not changed by the omission or change of the final letter.)

io. for rhy_. i3. Syn. Heb. Hoph.

io. ‘■gih probably for ‘ran. see in. 29—for Nn^n, *. • T : “ T :

the third part. Other explanations have been proposed, all, however,

including the idea of a triumvirate (of which Daniel was one) for

the administration of the realm. See YI. 3.

II- thy offices (the positions thou hast in thy power to

confer). The context nearly forces this meaning upon the inter¬

preter in the present passage, while it suits well the connection in

II. 6. Ewald refers to the old Persian for a confirmation of this

view. The derivations of the word from rn or vojMCfia or the San¬

skrit namas are all very doubtful. The ancient versions render it

by gifts or presents. ('^ and are found in some MSS.) T* • — *

* See Itiehm. Art. Belsazer by Schrader.

DANIEL VI. 6T

24. (Vi7&, D’BH, Pcil.

27. NnPpn. Peii.

30. Chaldean. See Gen. XXII. 22. This people was t t : “

of Shemitic origin, having proceeded from Arabia between 3000 and

2000 B. C.* to Southern Babylonia about Ur, thence North, at first

to possess gradually increasing authority and influence side by side

with the original Babylonians (Accadians), and finally, in the 17th

century B. C., to acquire the mastery over this non-Shemitic race.

Shortly after 2000 B. C. these New Babylonians established an As¬

syrian colony which in turn subjected Babylonia itself about 1300

B. C. and continued the ruler of the East until the middle of the

7th century B. C. The Chaldaic period, properly so called, or the

new-Chaldaic kingdom (corresponding to the new-Assyrian kingdom)

dates from the accession of Nabonassar in 747 B. C. and continued

till its overthrow by Cyrus the Persian in 539 B. C. The Chaldean

branch of the Shemitic languages must not be confounded with the

Aramaic.f See however the opinion of Franz Delitzsch in the Pre¬

face to Baer’s edition.

Chap. VI. 15. was bacl uPon himself i. e., was

d ispleased.

18- ilWiT See III. 13.—An irreg. Peil from

19. pm female musicians (nm to drive, thrust), from the idea

of driving away sorrow. By a transposition of *7 and pf as is found

in MS. 93 of Kennicott, the root would he mn to rejoice. In that t —:

* The name appears first much later than this. According to Schrader Kaldu occurs only in the Assyrian literature and not there before 885 B. C. Judging from his quotations from the monuments, it would seem that the name was originally applied to Southern Babylonia, that afterward it included the terri¬ tory from Babylon to the Persian Gulf and that finally it came to be used by the Assyrian kings, now of Southern Babylonia, now of the whole country, the latter usage being adopted by the O. T. writers. See Schrader’s KeUinseJiriften u. das A. T., 2. Aufl., Giessen, 1883, p. 131 sq.

+ See Riehm, Arts, by Schrader, Assyrian, Babylonien, Chaldaer, etc.

68 NOTES.

case the term contains the same meaning in another phase, refer¬

ring then to the happiness conferred, rather than the sorrow expel¬

led by those embraced in it. These explanations are given essentially

by Saadia. Buxtorf understands instruments of music; Aben Ezra,

tunes and songs; Rashi, tobies; the old versions conjecture food.

24. over it

Chap. VII. 4. VOH,p. Peil.

5. and side (i. cp -lopsy

20. rijTDn. See Note on den.' VII. 14.

22. UDfin. Hiphil for Aphel.

EZRA IV. 8-VI. 18; VII. 12-26.

Chap. IV. 8. XQ3D O and [from with apocopated t : t “

as in the Talmud]) as we say, thus.

Id. according to time, as follows.

11- corresponds to the usual Assyrian word for letter.*

12. Vtobw mtrv a belongs to previous word and the verb : - t - :

is in Shaphel.

13. D'ilBN- The derivation of this word from the Persian

end seems less unsatisfactory than the adoption of conjec¬

tural meanings like treasury, revenue, or tribute. Baer adopts the’

reading with final D.

14. “To season with the salt of the palace” is “to derive sup¬

port from the king.”

lb. Hophal, see Note to Ben. II. 12.

it. n^rTi'q.

18. np. Peil.

* See George Evans, An Essay on AssyrioJogy, p. 35, London, 1883.

JOSHUA XX. 69

22. And be cautious of committing an error in this matter.—

npnn. inf. as verbal noun in const, state.

Chap. V. 3. J031?- 12 of the Inf. omitted and represented by

dag. forte. But see Appendix to Baer’s text.

5- l.ov from Inipf. Peal in pause.

8- 7/j Only used after describing the same as one of

great weight which must be rolled to its destination.

Chap. VI. 3. As to the house of God in Jeru¬

salem let the house be built as a; place where they are offering sacri¬

fices and- whose foundations are capable of supporting (the struc¬

ture). 'DD is a kind of Poel part.

5. rirrj. SeeV.5.

Chap. VII. 12. perfect (peace), an opening salutation ex¬

pressive of good will.

13. TJJT. See V. 5.

23. k'’s*‘P“RN- See Vocabulary and Grammar of Luzzatto p. 51.

Cf. Pried. Delitzsch, Preface to Baer, p. VI.

NOTES ON THE REMAINING SELECTIONS.

Gen. VIII. 3. Pleonastic suffix.—p3**iT!* 1 and ♦ were

often doubled to indicate consonantal value.

4. p-Hp evidently for pTlp i. q. Hip.

7. an orthographic corruption for

10. Pael Inf. for T : - T T -

Josh. XX. 3. n’iH/O. Suff. = the killer— Pael Impf.

5- ’niop-p (’ni-opp-p-io-u

70 NOTES.

Isa. VI. 1. k\np\ prom NOi^D, WOT According

to the Jewish theology, the heavens are composed of seven spheres*

the upper being the abode of God and his righteous ones and con¬

sisting of three concentric spheres. In the central of these is the

Throne of God, separated by a (curtain) of clouds from the

sphere of righteous men, who, in turn, are separated by a second

one from the angels. The righteous dead and the angelic messen¬

gers draw near to God and hear His voice from behind the

The Throne of Glory within is the eternal seat of God, of sapphires

with footstool of the same. By it, is proclaimed in blinding brilli¬

ancy the Glory of God, a glory which is light, the form, as it were*

of God Himself, and frequently identified with the personality of

God. From this brilliant glory is emitted a splendor called Vf*

which constitutes the food of angels, fills the heavenly spaces and

illumines earth itself.* See above p. 61.

5. ^9 for

Ps. XXIV. 3. 'Ijn “VID contains names which the later Jews

applied to Paradise, the final abode of the righteous.!

7. >jnn. Two gates, of rubies, led into Paradise.J

9. pjn NrM the future Paradise, containing everything

pleasant to taste and smell and delightful to eye and ear. Into this

sensuous abode, the place of fruits and flowers and delicate food,

to the sight of precious stones and the song of angelic choirs, the

righteous, suitably accoutred, are guided by angelic bands.ft See

p. 61.

Buth II. 7. *1 HO whatever that. -p3 perhaps, I suppose.

11. intrans. | omitted.

* Weber 158-161. t Weber 330. $ Weber 331. ++ Weber 331, 332.

VOCABULARY.

NOTE.—It must be remembered that in Aramaic a mixed syl-

labe may have a long vowel, that tone-long vowels and those natur-

ally-long are used interchangeably and that short vowels may be

used for the corresponding long ones and the reverse. Hence both

full and defective forms appear of which usually only one is given

in the Yoeabulary. Many of these differences undoubtedly arose

from the fact that voivel-lctters were employed in the unpointed

text, which many editions have retained in addition to vowel-signs.

The vowels Hireq and Tsere are freely interchanged and less

frequently other vowels also; e. g., Ilolem and Shureq. Cf. the sev¬

eral readings in the Note to Han. Y. 17.

The consonants 0 and D are equivalent to and Final K,

n and * may be used indifferently. Instead of doubling a conso¬

nant by dag. forte, the previous vowel may be heightened; or a JJ

may be inserted; e. g., *)DK or *|DN; or ” T T • T : *

In seeking the definition of verbs, it will be understood, unless

stated otherwise, that the Pael is equivalent to the Peal, and that

the Ithpe. and Ithpa. are passive in signification.

VOCABULARY.

DK m. father, empli. JON; T T “

with suff. it takes the form ■ON';

as, “p3K thy /., 'TON' and

’13K At*/ (also "pK‘ thy/.).

With one exception, K3K is T ”

used for ON myf Plur. fPON, • j- I t t

const. nroK, emph. kauk, T T T T T

with suff. ’n;-QK Or ’iTO • t t ■*: t t

using suff. of either sing, or

plur. nouns.

DN, emph. JON? ND*N and • • *r t

K3JK m. fruit, produce. t : *

13K to perish. Aph. T3\\‘ and

3310 same; to destroy, extir¬

pate. Hoph. -Din to he des¬

troyed.

3*QN m. shepherd's pipe; water-

organ.

*?KD’3X pr. n. Abimael. t •

and pN c. stone.

UK. UK m. pay, reward. t T —:

N^JIN f. epistle, letter. t : *

nuK f. same.

p"lN adv. then. |H_K3 same.

DIN m. man; pr. n. Adam. T T

ND1N f- ground. t : ~

nanK pr. n. Admali. t : “

UK pr. n. the month Adar (12th, t

about March).

TTN m. threshing-floor. T *

(’“I'JUIK pi. m. chief judges.

KnrnK adv. perhaps carefully

jrrtK c. arm. [or eagerly.

Pin,njtin f. ear. Plur. const.

Plitf pr. n. Uzcd.

pipN, pmN adj. m. other, an¬

other.

nrfiN adj . f. same.

IN pr. n. (Heb.) Ophir.

74 VOCABULARY. i

rrm m. way.

N’llN' f. law. T “

rcrriN m. length; const. TjlJ's-

N'uX, part. pass.. to light, 1 * t kindle; to heat.

i- q- foil. word. i- Q-

nipt. 1_?K, Impf. in”, to go; to depart.

flN m- brother, emph. XHN, with - t

suff. or TIN my brother; * t *

♦rnng ft* &etc. piur.

with suff. TVflN and %

b., etc.

rVirtN f- explanation. t t :

m'm f. enigma. t *

ana hn pr. n. Achmetha i. e. t : : ”

Ecbatana.

wonts' f. possession. t t : -

nna adj. f. other, another. * t: t

f- end.

nn# prep. after.

pints* adv. K 1^ 7as£.

pnwdj.m.,xmnN‘,N*mnN‘ I tt: t t : - t * :

f. other, another.

psTurnt* m. pi. governor-

generals.

nnx, nn# f. sister.

m. brier. Plur. pIDK-

KTK, KTK f. hand. T T “

pTN* comp, inter, pron. who,

which, what.

fr# m. £?*ee.

f. terror; fear. T

nO’K, *nO’N* adv. toAe».

pK conj. »/.

ip*kS*. IP’S* m. ^ort/.

n*K or VTK adv. there is, there

arc. It takes suff. of pi. nouns.

TalVtf Ithpe. of Hy

“OK pr. n. (Heb.) Accent.

Son* to eat; to consume.

Ik adv. especially with

Impf. in prohibition, etc.

^K dem. pron. these.

kIk, Knia club; beam lying t t : ~

upon the posts of doors.

piur. nilw- ml’K- mix t : ” t ”: —

KOO the upper thresholds of T ”

the door-posts.

nix dem. pron. these.

nix m. God. PI. excel, often

o'hPs*.

[nits*, [nix conj. but; unless.

I^K interj. behold.

VOCABULARY. 75

NO^N sheaf. t **:

TlpO’1?* pr. n. Elimelech.

to be accustomed. Pa.

to exercise; to teach.

N'C”t’N pr. n. Elisha. t * v:

Tj'pN deni. pron. in. these; those.

■niaPa pr. n. Ahnodad. t : - v

deni. pron. m. these; those.

and ni. thousand. PI.

o’fipx. ON L, emph. NftN, mother; with

T *

suff. 7|ON and TCON- Plur.

inpN; with suff. pnnnpN and pnm

ON conj. if

NON f nurse, maid; emph. t —:

anax pinr. rnoK, nnax. t : - It:- r : -

NQN* and HQN f. cubit. Plur.

pax. am, kS’aia f. people, nation.

T \ T

Plur. pajjt.

Wl'lOkS* pr. n. the Amorites. * * t v:

Kna’aK f. thick darkness. t : • —;

JON- Aph. to believe. Pass part.

certain; faithful.

*ION to say, tell; to command.

“lOK m. lamb.

anaa adj. strong. * t : v

adv. where, whither.

NJN pers. pron. c. I. Plur. t —:

Nimx we. t : —:

N33N ni. fruit. t : *

jm jon pers. pron. m. they,

those; the copula.

tTON pr. n. Enos; m. man (Heb.).

DJK to constrain; to oppress; to

occasion anxiety.

<I"pXm.face, countenance; nostril.

tiaa, c*:a aaa con, bo’k t t v: “ v: - v t

HI. man; emph. XBO’N, NCOM,

tS'CV Plur. f’C’Ja and D’_-

nia, nru a pers. pron. c. thou.

aruK, f- «>#«•

pniN i. q" pna ye.

WDirON' pr. n. the Antusites. t : ”

1DN and ^DN f. medicine. T ”

“YIDN m. band, fetter.

“I2JDN pr. n. Asnapper. -: t

>

xnsDkS* adv. speedily. t : “ : t

1DN to bind. Part. TON bound.

Plur. emph. the bundles, or

sheaves.

nDN m. prohibition. T v:

m. wood. * T

76 VOCABULARY.

conj. also.

f)N, N3K m. face; with fem. suif.

3d per. H3a, KH3X- '3N' T " T T — " “

surface of the field, i. e., T T

the field.

V?’3N* conj. even, even if.

D’13N pr. n. (Heh.) Ephraim.

K’D13N' pr. n. the Apharsites. * * t :-:

N"3D~i3a pr. n. the Apharsach-

ites. [chit.es.

aPDDISa pr.n. the Apfuarsath- .. T : — : - —;

on$N aclv. perhaps in the end,

at last (from the Persian), as

Gresenius. [toe.

J/DiN f- (PI- and |__) finger,

XT'# f-i m. num. adj.

four. forty.

adj . purple.

T)K interj. behold.

»atna pr. n. the Arvadites. •• tt : -

conj. because, that. DIIK

irf?N‘ >»»■

rnaf. ivciy. PI. jrn^andfrnK.

'IN' conj. because, that, when, if,

but.

nx and rna m. lion, emph.

KHK Plnr. JV1N, emph. t : - It::-

NnmN. t t : : -

pr. n. (Heb.) Arioch.

St to be long. Aph. to length¬

en; to tarry, wait.

adj. fit, proper.

iN pr. n. (Heb.) Erech.

nmN and xnznx t prolong* t : — t t : -

lion, duration, continuation.

n313"IN f. Tcnec. t : —

'PIN' pr. n. an Archevite. Plur.

emph. * *t : : -

DIN pr. n. (Heb.) Aram. t

mix pr. n. Armenia. t : * : -

jhn to meet; to happen. Aph.

jn'ia same. [land, ground.

I'lN'. N'i'IN' o. earth, country,

i'lN' adv. below; with infer¬

ior. (njhn occurs).

;na. rrajna m. adj. under, at

the bottom.

NJpN, NJHN meeting, chance.

una f. what is lowest; bottom.

■jtjpina pr. n. (Heb.) Arphax-

pia c. earth. [ad.

a(nxtr')B*nma, (no) pr. n. : : - : _ — t :

Artaxerxes.

tra aPa m„ aira f. fire. • * *r * • *r • •

VOCABULARY. 77

NL-’li's m.foundation. T

1^'K, 1t5%, “T^'K to pcmr ow£,

to s7ie(Z. Impf. "Vlt^C

ithpe. Ttrs'nx- n^sns, - T :

urns'- tits pr. n. (Heb.) Asskur.

fl3TS pr. n. (Heb.) Ashkenaz.

m. conjurer. Plur. as if

from CjfcpK.

ni. wall.

'ynnw X m. rebellion, sedition,

revolt.

yntofit^'N i. Islitaf. recog¬

nize; to prefer ; passive of same;

to give oneself to anyone to be

recognized.

2. m. adj. relative, kinsman.

Nnyni&w'N f. recognition;

nN m. sfpm. [preference. T

ns pers. pron. m. thou.

jins come. Hoph. nvvn, vm.

T

NfiK f- woman, w?/c. Emph. T *

NnnN. piur.

t^'griN Ithpe. of wy.

})m pers. pron. m. ye, you.

pm c. furnace, oeem

“IWS, Tintf pr. n. Assyria. ~ T

(or 'flN) pr. n. Athura t t .

(the Assyrian).

’Tons'. Tons' adv. yesterday. •• t : * ** : : *

’Son and 'S’ons' occur. •• T : .

“ins m. place.

“UT'nN4 Ithpe. of ItT'K.

3 prep, in, by, with.

adj. m., f. wicked. * T

t?>0 fo be bad. 'rn ts'3 £o <7<s-

please.

pr. n. (Heb.) Babylon. V T

pr. n. Babylonian. Plur.

emph. .. T ; -

m prep, on account of.

same. H so Mat, Motf.

stfrra, srfnna, s'rf?T3 t : t : t : : t : t *

and srfrD m. bdellium, a T : TV

precious stone.

Pa. to scatter.

‘iL”n3 f. haste, quickness.

^05 Pa. 1. to terrify. 2. to hasten.

Ithpe. Inf. nSnann haste. t t ; :

NDtOID c. terebinth. t :

m. the first born. t :

rjna pr. n. (Heb.) Boaz.

78 VOCABULARY.

K*rVQ rn. beryl. t :

m3 /'* lodge, a night.

JJni3 see [110.

sp?it, cleave, divide.

no3 to Aph. to persuade;

to trust.

*7D3 to cease; to be idle. Pa. to

cause to cease; to hinder, frus¬

trate.

p3 an(l 3*3 prep, between, a-

mong. It takes suff. of both

sing, and plur. nouns.

333) f. understanding. T

KH'3 f. created being; creature;

creation; living things.

N33) f. castle, T *

C”3 adj. m. &a</, evil.

Nt7? adj . f. same. T

rv3 m. house; the place in which

anything is kept. Emph. Xi3^3,

N7V3; const. H’?; plur. pri3-

on1? jY? pr. n. (Heb.) Betli-

lehem.

N33 to weep. t :

I’D? adj. in. everything which is

early or timely. PI. firstlings.

•?? m. heart. T

N'Sd to wear out; to afflict, op- t :

press. Pa. same. Aph. to <7es-

troy.

*^3 verbal from same, excise.

01^3 m. oo/r.

"IVNE’p1?? pr. n. Belteshazzar.

"ivNr1?? pr. n. Belshazzar.

’’p? (Heb.) nothing, ?iof. 7??

from not, because not.

(3 see 33-

m 33 to build; to rebuild. t : *• :

nrv:n i /« ave built her. t : — :

(33 m. building, structure,

on to he angry.

NYiD? f. message, annunciation. t :

3D3 m .flesh.

ar?, *r? to seek; to ash; to de-

m f. request, petition. [sire.

333) c. cattle.

■pr? or *?X2 m. master; husband.

to burn; to consume.

3¥3 pr. n. (Heb.) Bezer.

nrp3 f. valley. [pass.

Pa. to search. Itlipa. same;

33 or 33 m. son, emph. X33; ph t t :

(33, emph. N33, const. ’J?;

with suff. 'jd. i':d- |i?’j?.

VOCABULARY. 79

-D, parte, except; outside; ~ T T

what is without; the field.

to create. [pure. t :

m3, TQ part. as adj. separate, * t * :

TjITl to kneel; to l>less. Pa.

to Hess. Part. “J“D£p or “|“TQD-

Tp3 and 7p3 f. knee,

iO"Q and f. blessing, t t : t : *

benediction.

on? adv. certainly; also; conj.

m. flesh. [yet; but.

*?ty'3 to coo/v. [gallons),

ra m. bath (seven and one-half

ro f. daughter, emph. t ~ :

const. rm Piur.pa, const.

013, empli. NT03 t : t t :

f^ins pi. m. virginity.

nro prep, after. With suff. it ““ T

takes both a sing, and plur.

form, nna nro.

Jt

to redeem. Part. re- - : *• T

deemcr of blood = avenger of

blood.

m. back; surface. Plur. with

suff. rV3A her back.

m. pit, den.

*0131 f. power; strength. t :

331,13’! adj . m. strong; power- T ‘ T

fid; robust; hero; warrior;

giant.

“OJ| m. maw, male. Emph.

and frrm PI nr. and

jn?J; emph. ^“0*1 A

“El pr. n. (Heb.) 6rac?.

i. q. pnny.

T"CI /o cut off; to cut dozen,

asm and DiirrA m. Gehenna t • : t *

(Valley of Hinnom).

UUV| m. midst; const, 11; with

suff. nu, nil, mi. - T - -

Ni-i same.

PM f- pride. T * *

nil to go forth; to break forth.

Aph.rrix('iN‘,'ix) causative.

m-1 f. with suff. nw-i. t • : *• t • :

pr. n. (Heb.) Golan.

to sojourn. Ithpa. same; to

be made a pz'oselyte.

“QJA ni. treasurer. Plur.

and p“)3TA [be detached.

“)E! to cut off; to decree. Ithpe. to

ny m. diviner. Properly, a part,

from “iy.

80 VOCABULARY.

JOd f. decree. t* * :

’-1 or Xd m. valley.

nid m. stranger; proselyte.

[inn pr. n. (Heb.) Gihon.

TJ (Pa. of 11J) to make prose¬

lytes; to convert.

Id m. chalk; plastering.

Nto, to to emigrate, wander; t : :

to be visible; to reveal. Peil

to and to. Ithpe. to show

oneself, to make ouself visible.

APh. tort to carry captive.

m. wheel. his

wheels.

to f. exile, captivity; exiles. T

N^to f. circuit; pr. n. Galilee. T ' T

Vi* m. rolling; weight. t :

-Uto pr. n. (Heb.) Gilead.

m • reward.

adj. m. perfect.

toj to repay; to recompense.

"to pr. n. (Heb.) Gomer.

p and K11 f. garden; emph.

N'nn and N'Dll; const. rm PI nr. pA

m. treasure. - ; T : •

treasury.

pj) to encompass; to cover, pro¬

tect. Pa. to protect. Aph. |dK

and fdK same. |d occurs.

not used. Ithpe. to be defi¬

ed. Part. tyja.

m. wing.

c. vine.

Dl? m. bone.

W-Tl-I pr. n. the Girgasites. .. T t : •

pr. n. (Heb.) Gerar. t :

Dto m. body.

vu pr. n. (Heb.) Gether.

1 *1 rel. pron. who, etc.; conj. that,

so that; because; sign of the

Genitive case.

Nn dem. pron. f. this; that; with T

Ileb. article Nin T T

nssn denom. Pe. not used. Aph.

to bring forth green; to germ-

m in. bear. [inate.

ran m. enmity. tom 7 V*} an t t t : :

enemy.

IDDt f. enmity. t :

ran to offer sacrifices

ran m. sacrifice.

P3T to cleave to.

VOCABULARY. SI

“D*l and Pa. nm to conduct; to

govern; to take.

mm f. cause; reason. t :

H fTCI so that.

p*l pr. n. (Heb.) Dedan.

DPR m. gold. Emph. frOil*!- : r —: |—

K\m or Kim pr. n. the Dehav- * * T V ** —

to deride. [ites.

HP pr. n. (Heb.) David. * T

D’jnii pr. n. (Heb.) Dodanim. * T

pop and nm m. token; re- i t : I t : r

membrance.

JP and jp to judge.

mn to dwell.

khp pr. n. Dura. T

C’H to tread under foot; to heat

out; to crush.

Him f. female musician (?). t —

*?ITT to fear; to dread. Pa. 1m

to terrify.

N^rn f. fear; terror; object of

fear or reverence, particularly

God; idol Emph. Kilim H). t : _ : t

P i. q. *1; also hut; often re¬

dundant. p |p because; since.

illjlp pr. n. Tigris. [there.

PP dem. pron. m. this here; that

Ip sign of the Genitive, con¬

tracted from •pn- fH i- q- jn

P m. judgment; justice; account.

|P m. judge; advocate.

Kim pr. n. the Dinaites. * * T

hk/ip m. grass. t :

111. n f. dem. pron. this.

Km, p*i to he clean. Ithpe^

pHK-

P‘1 adj. m. unmixed;clean;pure.

Emph. K^T t : ~

N'DI adj. f. same. Emph.

N'iI'DI. t • :

pi dem. pron. c. this.

IP and ■vm to remember; to

he mindful.

1?1 m. male; ram.

miim f. record, memorial. T

nm m. same. It: t

ndPi adv. that not, lest. t :

PH to burn.

O'!, KuP ni. blood. With suff. “ T :

’0*7, rrpi. pDa*i, etc.

to resemble; to think. t : *• :

Pa. same.

im f. likeness; similarity.

82 VOCABULARY.

JW pi . m. what is similar;price,

Tift*! to sleep. [value.

]"—T, dem. pron. m. this; that.

With Heb. article p^rT

dem. pron. c. this; that.

With article K^lfl. T : “

•nam pr. n. Daniel. ** * T

pr. n. (Heb.) Diklali.

m to he broken in pieces. Aph.

to break in pieces. Aph. Part.

p'inp.

m. age; generation.

aj/m see jmr- com pr. n. Darius.

vt : |t

;rn, jrn m., arm.

;m to SOIV.

inn m. seed, seed-time.

m f. law; decree. T

am m. young tender herb; grass.

Emph. KKD'l- t :

*-nm, m. Pi. rnnm, a ‘person t t : I • : t :

skilled in law; lawyer.

n

n inter, prefix, as in Hebrew.

Nvr and an in ter j. behold, [that. T

Nil and \\n dem. pron. c. this; T —

‘inn and tan. m. warm breath;

vanity; pr. n. Abel. Const.

San, ^30; Emph. amn and aSnn-

t : v

am and am f. (comp, of an T T T “.* T

and Heb. article; according to

some, of XI NH); this here; T T

that there.

prrjn pi. in. ministers of state.

pr. n. (Heb.) Hadoram. t

Din m. piece; fragment. T “

mrrr Pa. Tin to honor; to adore.

"nn and *mrr m. splendor; —: t : “

pomp; majesty; honor; glory.

amn f. comp, of Xb*! and Heb.

article.

Nlil, nn to be. Impf. NW,

apoc. *rr or xrr, b*-rn, biN,

etc. Impf. with ^ omits pre¬

form. and is used as the subj.

or optative; e. g. prr?. that

they might be; amn m ay it be.

Nirr pers. pron. m. he, this, that,

which; copula.

Xh*! and b*l pers. pron. f. of

With Heb. article N^ilil-

VOCABULARY. 83

]H>n dem. pron. and adv. i. q. p.

♦H adv. and conj. as; as if.

OD’rr, kOd’h, NOavr m. nm- - T : T T ••

pie; palace.

Kprrn parte. (ND^H) so as;

according as.

myn parte. so; thus; even as; t :

*o n adv. here. [according to. T T

VO (U* and “fOn, to walk;

to go. Inf. Tpa, Impf. u-

Pa., Itlipa. and Aph. same.

Aph. Impf. 2d f. s. PpHri-

Vl/fl in. toll.

jo^n and foOn adv. hither. t : - t : t

JO/fl and joOn f. way; jour- t : - t : •

ney; custom. [Hallelujah.

TpVD (Heb.) praise Jehovah;

ion and |10n pers. pron. pi. m.

they; them; copula.

and T|OOH m. chain

esp. for the neck.

JH adv., i. q. where.

jninterj., conj. and adv. if; when;

sign of a question. ji"T • • • • |>J™T

whether... .or.

Npon (py) Aph. Inf. as verbal

noun, injury, hurt.

?|gn to turn. Itlipe. refl. Itlipa.

to revolve.

^3irin m. water-organ; or- t : : “

arm m. thought. [gem.

maunn verbal oil) /»-«-- T- : • -:

will offering.

conj. and; hut; etc. No vav

conversive in Chald.

P interj. woe.

ny Pa. not used. Itlipa. to he

clearly shown; to he shown one s

innocence or another s guilt; to

remonstrate, dispute. Aph. to

reprove; to show one his guilt;

to punish.

r pr to huy; to gain. Pa. to sell.

Tfl? part. and adj. enlightened;

pf to feed. [prudent; cautious,

to tremble.

■vr, Aph. T?n, to act proudly.

vr m. brightness, splendor, mag¬

nificence.

xpr f. sweat. Emph. Kn^r.

m. olive; olive tree. [ness. T **

tot and Of. innocence, righteous-

84 VOCABULARY.

adj. m. pure, innocent,

nny pr. n. (Heb.) Zechariah. t : _ :

[Of in., SOpf f-, time.

for Pa. to appoint; to prepare.

itiipa. to concert. Aph.

m. music. [=Pa. t :

nor m. singer; musician. i—

|i m. species; sort, Hihis kinds.

O’Jfradj . m. and adv. little; small;

few; a little. Plur. jH^f (J/).

to quake, shake, tremble.

pvr £o cri/ on£.

rjp? to elevate; to suspend, as a

malefactor.

^ooir pr. n. (Heb.) Zerubbabel. v t •:

m. what is

sown; seed-time.

nr m. girdle.

nr to sow, seec?.

jn?> Njnr m. seed; children;

posterity.

\inr, NiTjnr f family. Plur.

with suff. finpfnt.

n jorr and nn to be hidden; con-

r

cealed; to be gone.

rfaon f. evil deed; crime. t

tan to be bad, vicious, corrupt..

Pa. to injure; to corrupt; to•

destroy.

tan and ^3D m. damage; i.t-

jury; destruction,

nnn and ion, anon m. mate;

companion ; friend.

Nfnnn f. same. PI. with suff.

nmon. - t : — p-OH pr. n. (Heb.) Hebron,

^n pr. n. (Heb.) IJaggai,

nn m. iS’in f. num. adj. one; «/ “ t —:

./zrsf. Before numerals, timev

times.

ks*nn adv. once. N“rn3 together_ t t -

ain^ very; exceedingly. t ~

N'in to rejoice. t

rrnn f. ^’o?/, gladness. t : v

HD m. and pin pi. in. the breast..

mil adj . m. new;.

N*in and nn to tell, declare; to■ T “ *• “

make manifest. Pa, KH same..

Aph. same.

win pr. n. £Ae Ifivites. .. T .

oi n r'o be indebted; to be sinful..

Pa. y*n t° lead into sin; to*

make sinful.

VOCABULARY. 85

■SifT, NSin m. debt; sin; pun¬

ishment.

viron. Pa. and Aph. same.

Part. pass, inverted; averted.

71*1 n pr. n. Eve. T “

£3in to sew. Aph. to repair.

K'in, *lfl and xnn ni. serpent.

Blur, fnn and |VfT

rr*?nn pr. n. (Heb.) Iiavilah. t • S*in to turn oneself; to relax; to

become ill; to cease.

Vlfl pr. n. (Heb.) Hid.

pS*lH m. portion.

NSinand NDiHm., NDD1HL, T T T :

warmth; heat.

rrNfiin m- covering; cejver. T T

*1*1 Pi adj. m. white. T ’

m. act of thinking; reck¬

oning.

mn i.q. nm. APh.imp. nng.

Part, TV HD, 1° descend.

Ktl"! and Vn 1° see. Pass. Part.

Peal and VH seen; suit¬

able.

•jn and ^COn ni. sin. With suff.

TjNtpn piur. pKtpn, with

suff.^tpn, pirwm

to err; to sin. t

riNDn and ,IK ton m. sin. t : *.* t : -

JYiOfl f. wheat. Plur. p^fT.

riirorr ni. violence; plunder.

DtOtl to sew. Pa. same.

tVtotl and f. sin; sin-of- T T “I T T “ fering.

>n, X'n adj. m. living; plur.

p*n, N’jn, living; life.

K*H, turn adj. f. living. t ~ t : ~

wn to live. Aph. Part. i 1 and NtlO preserving alive.

n»n D”n), w*n adj. m. in- T ~ T ~~ T T -

deleted, bound; guilty, sinful.

iN'rO^n and ariD”ri f. same.

Kvn, N*nrn f. least, piur. ?m t ** t : It ••

P^Cl hi. strength; host.

Ifn m. vision; a speed, appear¬

ance. Emph. JOifl- t: v

Iff! and IPTl f. same. With suff.

nnirn. *V(7 to turn back, about; to en-

K7Tn f. ivhat lives, esp. animal. t : —

adj. m. wise; intelligent

wise man; Magian.

DSn and Pa. DSP? and D*Sfl

to be wise; to understand.

86 VOCABULARY.

NDDfl and NMin, NTIEOrr, t : t t : t : : t

f. wisdom.

On, xOn m. vinegar. - T T

xy?n m. flute; fife. Plur.

ry?o- D^n, xaOn m. dream.

V “ T : V

VO to change; to he changed;

to pass (spoken of time).

VO and Vo prep, instead of.

jVO m. part; Jot.

DPI pr. n. (Heb.) Ham. T

NDPT to see; to contemplate. t

xan and xan f. heat, fury. t —: t v:

man f. mother-in-law.

’tân and ’xa,',an, emph.

nxtman m. fifth. t t •

“ion m. wine.

tran f'.Xi^'an m. five. Plur.

paân My- ’xnan pr. n. the Ilamathites.

•• t t

N-un and m. dance. t : * t

Plur. dances; instruments used

for dancing.

pr. n. (Heb.) Enoch.

pi. m. wheat. [tion.

rojn f. dedication; consecra- t \ ”:

to compassionate, s/iow favor

to. Itlipa. to pray, ma&e

plication.

iTAin pr. n. Hananiah. t : —:

yO\l adj. defective.

(PH to he strong; to possess.

|D0 m. power; might.

f]pn m. clay.

non to he deficient. ÎDfl were - : t

wanting. Pa. to diminish.

xan to cover, overlay. t

nsn m. harvest. Plur. emph.

x»nm t _ —

“ivn to reap; to cut.

NHivn and 'VH adj. in. reaper. t t

Wn and Aph. to urge, hasten.

Aph. Part. and

rjVTO urgent; hasty.

nionvrr pr. n. (Heb.) Hazar- v t : —:

maveth.

^pn m. field. Plur. pppn and

iOpn- inn to devastate, ivaste. Hoph.

rm sword. [passive,

oiam m., used once in sing.

pDpVn Magians; learned

men; sacred scribes,

to singe.

VOCABULARY. 87

xznn m. cavity; window; hole. t —:

m. loin; thigh.

3P*n to repute, regard, count,

esteem.

m. darkness.

rwn to think necessary; to he

needful; to need. Part. act. p],

f. jw'rr.

mne-’n f. need, necessity, i. e.

what is necessary.

‘x’n to he or make thin or small;

to crush. Pa. same.

nn pr. n. (Heb.)

onn sea/.

D to he glad, joyful.

3D adj. m., }OD f-, beautiful; T T T

good.

nsp m. executioner; body guard.

rot? pr. n. the month Teheth (10th,

about January).

WSitD m. flood; deluge. T T

TIP, NTID m. mountain. T : -

m. mountain; rock.

nip subs, and adv. fasting.

f- goodness; kindness.

Pa. to go out or forth. Pal-

pel ^p to move; shake to

and fro; to drive. Part. pass,

^p^pp a rover.

m. clay.

m. dew.

I?p‘?p see *7*P-

l,l7Pf- youth (abstract).

^P, N^D m. shade; shadow. ~ : t t :

^p Pa. (denom.) to hide. Aph.

to recline for rest under the

shade.

and Pa. nap to hide. Ith-

pe. "199N and "lOP’K, and

Ithpa.^^N to hide one's self,

to dip.

nyp to wander. Aph. to cause

to err; to seduce.

DU® to taste; to eat.

Dtfp and □gp, xoyp m. taste;

wisdom; respect; account; de¬

cree; cause to be judged.

"13D, N121D m. nail; claw. - : t :

’nl13p his nails.

r£p to he fat; to he stupid,

hardened. Pa. causative.

-nt? to expel, drive out. Ithpe.

TIP’N*.

88 VOCABULARY.

NT")D m. fresh, green

leaf; leaf

N’PS'G m. the Tarpelites. * ’ t : : -

>

m ND33! f- noise; jubila- T T “ T :-

tion.

pr. n. the Jebusites. ** t :

to be dry; to dry up. Ithpe.

r3nN to be dry. Pa. to make

dry.

Ps* pr. n. (Heb.) Javal. T T

■73? not used. Aph. P’3iX and

^yn to bring.

NfittfT f. the dry land. t : v -

m. heap of stones; hill.

T f- hand, cmpli. NT, with suff.

*]T, <TT, J13T. Plur. pL Dual pT-

NT, Aph. part. NTTO and t: *• :

NT D pray thankin g;

praising.

yy. to know; to understand.

Aph. jnirr, impf. yTrr to

make known, sAcue. T (Heb. poetic) Jehovah.

T

DPT to give; to set, place. Ithpe.

pass.; to be given up.

rnrr and jtst f. oft ; present.

T.T pr. n. Judah; the Jewish

people; the Jews.

PITT pr. i}. (Heb.) Judah. T

’■tirr m. t7ewj.

ye’irr pr. n. (Heb.) Joshua.

DDV pr. n. (Heb.) Jobab. T

T}1)* pr- n. (Heb.) Jubal. T

QV m. Plur. const., m.

and ’OV, f. rgr-

p- pr. n. (Heb.) Javan.

nur, N'ror, f. dove. t t :

P1V pr. n. Jozadah.

Din* family; stock.

’TPI’, WIT adj. m. only;

3D’ to be or seem good, [alone.

” m. abbreviated name of tlie t:

Deity.

ny see run and t° be able; to pre-

vail. Impf. p!|3’. S-13',

Hophal in use.

nP’, Tp’ and Tp* to bear,

bring forth; to beget. Ithpe.,

Pa. and Ithpa. same.

rvnp’ f. nativity.

D\ NT m. sea, the sea. Plur. T ”

VOCABULARY. 89

i’QV ’O’ COO*), N”0!<N"OJ?!)-

KO’ and ’O’ fo swear. Aph. *OiK t : • :

to cause to swear; to confirm

with an oath.

Oftb m. day (of 12 hours). T * T T :

DO’ adv. by day. T '•

*15! and Aph. C^piN to add.

Ittaf. pppinn thou shalt be

added. Hoph. t"jDin t° be

added.

to advise, counsel. Ithpa.

to consult together.

pr. n. (Heb.) Jacob.

no* pr. n. (Heb.) Japhet.

y^y adj. m. true, certain.

y^ certainly. [five.

m. thought; impulse; mo- t : *

T3! to burn. Act. part. f. emph.

Km O’- Aph. to consume. r r

m. that which is or lives.

T9i?I pr. n. (Heb.) Joktan.

Xn’p’ f- burning; fire.

n’p’ adj. m.. JO’p’ f. heavy;

hard, difficult; worthy, honor¬

ed; costly, precious.

->p: to be heavy; to be or be es¬

teemed honorable or valuable;

as Pa. Pa. to make heavy; to

honor. Aph. same.

V- worth; worthiness; honor;

splendor; glory.

TV pr. n. (Heb.) Jared.

}OTT and NJTTi* pr.n. Jordan. t : t : :

pit’ and pit* m. greenness.

bptp'rr, opt?-, and opt?-. pr. n. Jerusalem.

rrv and mb xrrv m. month. —: _ .* t

ITT pr. n. (Heb.) Jerali.

inn^ pr. n. (Heb.) Jericho.

rpb thigh, piur. pnr

SkiO*’ pr. n. (Heb.) Israel. t :

jw’ pr. n. (Heb.) Jeshua.

not used. Aph. D’C’i^ fo

reach out, stretch forth, Zooui

to any one.

rv sign of the definite object,

nrv and to sit; to dwell.

Aph. yn in. W adj. ni. abundant; eminent.

Trv and tOTV adv. ven/; ex- . - T • —

cecdingly.

3 P prep, and conj. like; as; ac¬

cording to.

90 VOCABULARY

X5 adv. here. N5D hence. T T *

803 and 3”33 to press, tread,

make a, way; to subject; to hide;

to bind, chain.

15 and T5 conj. as, so soon os,

515 adj.false. [when.

♦15 (H 5) like; as; when. H51

until.

,15 adv. ?(oio. ,15 ir hitherto. T T

^,15 to be able.

f’HD, KJnpm.pnesi. PI. pjHp.

13 and Nip, N‘mp f. hole in the t - t : ~

wall; window.

p5*D pi. m. thorns.

5515 m. star.

rp Pa. to confirm; to establish.

N1515 m. pitch. t :

115 m. cor, a measure for things

liquid or dry, equal to the

homer.

NMD115, ND115 and ND15 m. t : : : : t

stool; throne. Plur. 1D15- It: : t

£Hi5 pr. n. (Heb.) Cyrus.

ui5 pr. n. (Heb.) Cush; Ethi-

155 and 155 m. talent. [opia.

*73, *33 and ’Sl3, NS3 and N'^D T * * T T \

(also without dag. in ^) adj.m.

all; the whole; every; any.

nSd, ’S3 to hold back, checks t : • :

refrain. Itlipe. to be restrained,,

nSs, snSp f. daughter-in-law, T - T : “

1*75 pr. n. (Heb.) Cal ah,

SS3 to be whole, Shaf.

to complete, finish, IshtaphaL

SSpnC’N pass.

dSp not used. Aph. to shame,

Ithpe. to be ashamed.

niSp pr. n. (Heb.) Calneh.

ND5 conj. and adv. as; how. t :

n N’33 like. : t :

nop (jT K03) same. - : “ t :

|5 adv. so, thus. |55 then, there-

1J5 pi. f. colleagues. [fore,

£0135 and ^135 ni. harp. PL T TT ’

p*)5. [tion.

N5’\15 f. assembly, congrega- T * .

115^5 gathering together„

congregating.

N2-15 adv. ^/(((s. r •• :

TJ3 pr. 11. (Heb.) Canaan.

,1*0^5 pr. n. the Canaanite.

Plur. enipli. *NJ^5-

P5 (*o collect, glean. Pa. same,

Ithpe. and Ithpa. to assemble.

VOCABULARY. 91

NDP, >DP to be concealed. Pa. t : :

to hide, conceal.

HpP see

*IDP f. covering; garment.

pr. n. the Casluhim. t : “

to injure; to insult.

‘IP?, N3D3 m. silver,

m adv. now.

PDP Pa. to wash; to purify; to

ns? to bind. [atone,

to be grieved. Ithpe. ('jlfrO t :

same.

f. mantle; cloak. t : : ”

pnp m. cherub.

mp m. herald. T

rp to proclaim. Aph. same.

dpp and DIP, NDPP m. vine- - : t : -

yard.

n? m. properly power, strength.

Hence, in union with Dih the

power of the day, i. e., the day

itself; the totality of the day.

The first meaning excludes and

the second includes the night.

HP'P m. Chaldean.

ntr'p be right; to be agreeable.

Aph. to deem fit or worthy.

pnp to write.

PDP m. writing; prescription; t :

limitation.

DTlP pr. n. (Heb.) Cyprus.

^np and ^rip m. Plur.

emph. N,l?np- t " ; *.

fjnp, K3PP f. shoulder.

b 7 prep. 1. to; for; of. 2. Sign of

Gen. and Dat.; used often with

acc. after active verbs. 3. Pre¬

form. to the Impf. of pronom.

origin.

vb adv. nothing; not.

HN'P see N';'1?. t : t :

ns*1? pr. n. (Heb.) Leah. T **

or 33^ m. heart. Emph.

N31?; with suff. ’31?,

and PPP4?, etc.

P’lP1? m. clothing; garment.

to put on; to clothe one’s

self. Aph. to clothe.

’fort? pr. n. the Libyans. •• t t :

in1? conj. (fn n,17), except; but;

(p S) therefore.

m1? pr. n. (Heb.) Lud. Aram. pi.

W'-lV1 the Lydians.

92 VOCABULARY.

D11? to curse. Inf. D'TD.

♦1*7 pr.n.Levite. PI. emph. N’l1?- * ’T * * j“117 (jV S) prep, to; toward; with.

inn1? adv. very; exceedingly. t ~

nin1? adv. alone; by one s self;

separately. *niTirf?3 ( in his

lonelinesses) alone.

on1?, Non1? m. tread. ~ : t : -

Dn1? m .feast.

nin1? f- concubine. t •• :

NO1? to curse. t :

oo1? same.

IN’1? f. labor ; fatigue.

V1? and N1?’1? m. night. Emph.

N”1?’1?. Plur. p1?’1?. ’l?’1? adv. by night, in the night.

’ll/’1? i- q- IN’1?. n’1?, n’1? (H’N N1?), there is not.

. _ .. * T

arc not. [lest.

NO1? subs, and adv. nothing; not; r :

pO1? pr. n. (Heb.) Lantech.

NV1? to labor, toil; to be fatigued.

adv. forever.

op1? to gather. Part. pass. ’p1?. vi? adv. under (for VPN1?). j^7 and1C'1? e. tongue,

yuh pr. n. (Heb.) Lesha.

0 ND inter, pron. what; how; how!

T

NO1? whither; why. t :

rrKD iium. f. hundred. Dual

I’jINO, jnNO- Plur. pNO; emph. NniNO, 'NO and NO

t t t t .

dual m. scales; balance.

Targums have plfNO. N’lpO- noNOsee no’o. [NO and m. vessel; instrument.

JpOO m.foun tain.

’POO see ’pp.

J1JO pr. n. (Heb.) Magog. T

r^jo f- roll; booh. [troy. T * :

niO Pa. to throw down; to des-

rcno, Nnono and no. m. “ : ~ t : : - : *

altar.

N-O-ID m. desert, wilderness.

nno and nmo f. tax; tribute. t • t :

nno m. residence. [a Mede.

pr. n. (Heb.) Madai; Media; ~ T

nno f. province; country. t • :

nno m. rising; east. [east.

NTO’IO and m- sunrise;

uni onip n jo) from before that, i. e., hereto¬

fore.

VOCABULARY. 93

TlD m. dwelling, residence. t :

mo m. knowledge.

HD and HO see NO T - T

'?N‘?l?n o pr. n. (Heb.) Mahala-

ONiO pr. n. (Heb.) Moab. [leel. T

fiJOKiD pr. n. the Moabite.

n’ONiO, NlTONIO pr. n. Mo- T • T

abitess.

’ioandpnio,”iopi . m. waters.

nio m. death.

mo or moto die-

nmo m. seat; stay; dwelling T

place.

Noonio m. chair; dwelling t t :

pro m. food. [place.

NI7D to strike; to ivound; to des- t :

troy, extirpate. Pa. same. Ith-

pe. pass, to he fastened.

pN’ino pr. n. (Heb.) Mehujael. •• t :

Nppno f. course or class, e. g.,

of priests or Levites.

f- thought ; purpose. t t : “

NDD to come, arrive; to reach. t :

With pj; to come upon; to be¬

fall.

prep, on account of; he-

m. rain. [cause.

f”0 pi. m. waters. Const. »0 and

’O’O- Bmph. N'O .... T “

PO’O in. food.

"io’o, n~io\o m. ivord, request; _ T : command. With suff. some¬

times person or self. t : “ t :

the Word of Jehovah.

L’N0”0 pr. n. Mishael. .. T

“l^’O pr. n. Meshach.

tirp'&nW'Qm.plain,

valley, flat; camping place;

stop>ping place.

nPo and ’Po /o he full; to fill. t : :

hi. angel.

rr?o f- word; speech; matter; T '

thing.

PiPo m. speech; talk.

npo. Nnp’o m. sa?£. - : t i

npo sa?£; to season.

izecl plur. O’OpO-

noPo f. queen. t : ~

ioPo f. kingdom, reign, domin-

PPo Pa. to speak. [ion.

m. manner of speech;

speaking; speech.

94 VOCABULARY.

JO (0), subs, and prep., part;

from; of; because of; rather

than; than.

JO and |0 inter, pron. who; what,

n jo whoever.

fO see JK&.

iOD and *00 to number; to t : ** :

-reckon. Part. pass. £OD for

NOO* Pa. 00, 00, 00 and

to appoint.

nmp sec mo, jrpp m„ ajrpo, anympf-

knowledge; intelligence; under¬

standing.

mo m. rest; quietness; silence. t :

nrao f. offering; meat- t : *

offering.

m. number.

and 1*9 adv. I9> whence.

jpp to refuse; to forbid; to hold

bach.

rrfcoo pr. n. (Heb.) Manasseh.

"IDO to hand over, deliver up,

betray to anyone.

XJ/O c. belly. With suff. Tj^O

and TjJ/O- Plur. ( pi» and

|J^0) also belly.

“DtfO m. doing; action.

3^0 m. setting of the sun. Plur.

same.

aoro m. entrance; door; gate.

mVO f. middle, midst.

onvo pr. n. (Heb.) Mizraim;

Egypt.

0’ipo, NOHpO and NO’tpiO m. sanctuary; temple.

do, too, no m. lord; master. T T T T

-no to rebel, be rebellious.

"HO, tmo and tmo m. “ : t : “ t :

disobedience; rebellion.

no adj. m„ tmo, anno T T TIT T ** I T

and anno f., disobedient; T ’ — T

rebellious.

Diip m. height partic. Heavens-

height. '0 ♦Q&P the heavens oj

height, i. e., the high Heaven.

p^rno pr. n. the month Mar-

chesvan (8th, about November).

030 to pluck off.

C^o pr. n. (Heb.) Mash.

pr. n. (Heb.) Mesha. T

ntro pr. n. (Heb.) Moses.

no’o, anco m. oil; Olives. — T * •

TjJ^'O pr. n. (Heb.) Meshech.

VOCABULARY. 95

m. skin.

23tt?Q, iC3£?'0 and XDDC'O m. couch; bed; cohabitation.

m. dwelling; tent.

f. musical reed, fife.

nnpp? and >ntrp m. /«»*,■

banquet.

np and j"VP adj. m. dead.

‘Wino pr. n. (Heb .)Methusael, ** t :

rfxn/ip pr. n. (Heb.) Methu¬

selah.

jnp and ?rip m. gift; reward.

Npnp f. same; expense. t I

pUlp pr. n. Bashan.

and not used. Ithpa.

to speak for God; to

prophesy.

HNUA f. prophecy.

“IVJ-D-QJ pr. n. Nebuchadnez¬

zar.

H3J5J f. office or position (?).

Plur. J’-JDJ.

N’3J and NOJ, *3J, K’31 T * : * : t : ~

and Nv^ m. one who T * : T * :

proclaims by commission of

God; one inspired by God;

prophet. Plur. and

const. ,S3J. emph.

K\S"3J and XJK’DJ-

HXOJ. emph. i\ n

Ni1N’3J and xn’K'3J f. t •• • : t . ~ :

prophetess.

m. lyre. Plur.

J,l?3J and

f. light ; candlestick. t : : v

"ID to draw; to enlarge; to flow.

prep, toward.

rui, xruiJ m. ugu. ~ t :

y\# and to dry or be dried.

Ithpe. to become dry. Pa. to

make dry.

WJ and Jill pi. f. lands beyond

the sea; continents.

Pa. to play upon an instru¬

ment.

i'JJ to touch. Ithpa. to be leprous.

yij to be willing; to give volun¬

tarily.

Tplj ni. row of stones; wall.

TO to flee.

W or ru-g m. sheath; body

(as sheath of the soul).

"linp and ninj m. light.

96 VOCABULARY.

f. illumination.

nm to shine brightly. Pa. to

enlighten. Aph. to give light.

nm, som m. stream; flood;

torrent. Plur. pnj and jrnj.

"Til to/ee.

(Til to rest.

,-OU and fOmi adj. m„ “ : t :

njro o f., stranger; foreign- t t :

and f. dunghill. \er. t : • t :

jO m. fish.

NDpO f- female. Plur. emph.

NppU

TO m. ./Zre.

to reprove.

p?i to suffer injury. Aph. to in¬

jure (X or H often retained

after preform.). Aph. part.

hurtful.

m pr. n. (Heb.) Noah.

oni, D’TO to console (?). Pa.

D’m or Dm to show sympa¬

thy; to console.

10- brass. t :

nni to descend, go down. Inf.

nrro. Aph. n»nx. impf. “ T

nrr, imp. nriN to bring

down; to deposit. Part, pass.,,

nrid and nra laid. or p| _ _ — T often retained after preform.)

Heb. Hoph. nnjH to be - : t

brought down or deposed.

^Dl to lift up, elevate.

“ID1 to keep, preserve; to observey

regard.

no and no m, KHO, NHO f. • “ : T T T *

rest, quiet.

nm m. sweet odor; acceptable

sacrifice.

m. craft; deceit. t :

HOO pr. o. (Heb.) Nineveh,

m pr. n. the month Nisan (1st,

about April).

f. plant; slip.

DPI Dm m. wealth. PI. riches.

m. see 'DO* — : t

m. leopard.

-nm pr. n. (Heb.) Nimrod.

DD3 to take, receive.

HD3 to take away, remove. ~ t

and Pa. to pour out; to offer.

Aph. to sacrifice.

Hi. drink-offering,

po) to ascend. Aph. to cause to

VOCABULARY. 97

ascend; to take up. Heb. Hopli.

passive.

nsjw pr. n. (Heb.) Naamali.

pr. n. (Heb.) Noomi.

niy'to wahe-

nsj to breathe; to breathe in;

inflate.

i. q. tm

to fall; to fedl clown; to

happen. Impf.

pSJ to go out, forth; to depart.

Inf. p£’p and p^Q. Aph. to

bring forth, put forth, remove.

f. expense; cost.

B’31 and C*31 c., NrSl f- life;

sold; self; a living being.

and to be many; to

increase.

pr. n. the Naphtuhim. t : ~

’Pnaj pr. n. (Heb.) Naphtali. • t : ~

3V.J and 3’ifJ t<> plant.

m. planting; plant.

■mness; hardness. t : *

rm fo surpass, prevail over.

Ithpe., Pa, and Ithpa. same.

to liberate; to deliver.

Np4 and *p4 adj. m. pure.

to encompass, surround.

to strike, smite.

to take; to take away. Ith- t :

pa., with St?, to me 07 against.

to breathe, Wow, puff; to

leave.

W. pi. f. Of N'nNV

f. breath; breath of life; t :

that which lives, sow?.

111. eagle.

piHDD ni. epistle, letter.

I'm pi. 111. Nethinim; temple-

servants.

to give. Impf. etc. Once

jnj!. t( fall; to let fall; to fall

off, s7iet?. Aph. to shake off.

D

HND f- measure; seah [k of t :

ephali). Emph. KflND- PI nr. T T

DD m. elder; old man. epNp.

KDD pr. n. (Heb.) t :

N4DDD f- sambuke (a four string- t : —

PDD to bear; to erect, [ed harp).

HDD to carry, sustain ; to expect;

to consider; to hope. Poel fem.

rroiD-

98 VOCABULARY.

~DD m. bearing; asj^ect. *“OD

pDK expression of the face;

mien,

nrDD pr. n. (Heb.) JSabtah. T » “

5omo pr. n. (Heb.) Sabtechah. t : ; —

KJD to be numerous; to be in- t :

creased, grow. Aph. to multi¬

ply. [many.

i'TJlp and UlD adj. m. much;

~PJ)D tofall prostrate; to worship.

m. deputy; superintendent.

PJD to shot up

DID pr. n. (Heb.) Sodom.

*T7p to arrange. Pa. P'lD to lay.

HDD f- testimony; proof.

THD, NHHD and 'Dm.witness. * T T~: T

KTHD and N'nnp f. same.

KJ/JID , const. ’Lnp^nxm

eio) m. abundance, multitude.

rP35PlD f- symphony; bag-pipe.

t]io m. end.

f]1P to come to an end; to be ful¬

filled. Aph. to put an end to

anything; to consume.

npD m. side. "ID DO beside.

*?pD to see into, recognize. Itli-

pa. vDriDN to become wise;

to understand; to look upon,

contemplate; to consider.

“DD not used. Pa. to shut; *to

stop.

plD, p,l?P to go up, ascend.

Pa. causative, to take away;

to sustain [to destroy.

m. support, prop.

P^P to aid, assist.

pyp m. strength; help; support;

food. [feast.

NHU'D f. food; meed of the day;

Npi'D, and nthd f.

barley. PI. r#> and piyp.

N3D m. threshold; entrance; post. T *

n*s*P ppn the two posts;

the posts of thy

12D pr. n. Sepliar. [house.

P2P and ppp scribe. Emph. _ T T

NP2P and N'lPP. T : |T T : -

P2P m. book; roll. N'npD JT3

archives.

Pppp pi. m. under-garments

perhaps reaching to the feet,

m. minister; ruler.

Nino m. winter. t : •

PjPP Pa. inp to hide; to destroy.

VOCABULARY. 99

V *XtJt to go, go in.

13£ and Aph. to make; to do;

to work; to prepare. Itlipe. and

Ithpa. to be made; to take place.

and yiy in.

servant.

la niy pr. n. Abednego.

a-rar f. work; labor.

pr. n. (Heb.) Eber.

"Or to <70 over; to depart from;

to transgress. Aph. to send

over; to transgress.

ni. the beyond. SOpO

the other side of the Euphrates,

ny prep, and eonj. to; until.

NTT and nr to pass away;

with 3 to come upon; to be ab¬

olished., destroyed. Impf. plur.

my>. ^a- **13^fo ^e vre(Jnani;

to conceive. Aph. to take away;

to remove. US' or H often re¬

tained after preform.)

my pr. n. (Heb.) Adah. T~T

nr and anr pr. n. Ieldo.

m. conception,

m pr. n. (Heb.) Eden.

m and rnr m. time, year.

W and -Dir m. deed; work.

•air pr. n. (Heb.) Obal.

nr adv. while; during; yet.

and aur f. iniquity; sin.

Plur. and p^.

□‘nr. No’Vir m- boy; youth;

young man.

anonr f. girl; maiden. Plur.

with suff. ’no'nr. ’inonr-

m. bird; fowl.

Y^y pr- n. (Heb.) Hz.

nr and nr to wake. Itlipe.

-lj/na, nrna and nrna

-nr m. chaff. \_to awake,

xyyy, xyfty (and without

daghesh) and m. raven. T . T

fBWio^r in. power; strength.

rr and xv y f. slie-goat.

nrr pr. n. (Heb.) Gaza.

w pr. n. Uzziah.

aprr f. ring; seal-ring.

anr pr. n. (Heb.) Ezra.

nnrr pr. n. (Heb.) Azariah.

atsr f. counsel; ivisdom.

vyy, xvyy and xmy m.

side; region; other side.

100 VOCABULARY.

and TO- N’TO and TO

and J^J/aclj.m. the upper part;

height; with jp, as adv., above;

higher than. Prefixed with p

or pp, same.

adj. m. elevated;

uppermost.

dry pr. n. (Heb.) Elam, i. e., T

Susiana.

eye. Plur-

pi f.fountain, pi.

TO * . plan; counsel.

TO m. watcher.

TO pr. n. (Heb.) Irad.

wyy, xryyy (Knn^ and

f- nakedness.

Pa. to delay; to remain.

Ithpa. same.

TO prep, upon; over; concerning;

besides; against; to; toward.

1 TO because. Plur. const.

TO used with suff.

TO f. burnt-offering. PI. TO

nTO{- occasion;pretext, [of TO-

TOT- TO and TO forms

TO adj .m. upper; highest. Irreg.

emph. nTO the Most High.

[TO m. the Most High. Plur.

excel, same.

TO f- upper chamber; lodging

chamber.

TO to go in, enter. Aph., TO?.

TOa and TOTO -to bring in.

Heb. Hoph. *73?rr pass.

TO and TO m. age; remote

time; eternity; world; y t y

for ever.

’TO’ pr. n. Elamite. Plur. const..

apTO- }TO m. rib.

or- aor m. people. Plur.

poor- par cwj- or prep, with; in; by.

p'W and m., f.,

deep.

TO and TOr in. labor; toil.

□or to be or become dark. Palp..

DJ/Py to make dark.

m. wool.

rnor pr. n. (Heb.) Gomorrah..

JO V f. flock of sheep or goats. T

to answer; to be afflicted.

pr. n. the Anamim.

m m. cloud.

VOCABULARY. 101

m to collect clouds; to draw to¬

gether. Pa same. Inf. £0313; T T*T

with suff. D13313-

yv m. hough; branch.

m. fine.

nj# m. time. nijrs thus; as

follows.

20Vsee 3® hn’td^ m„ Nnn*p# f. the

m. ten. [tenth.

V m. branches; foliage.

m. dust.

yw aclj. m. troubled; sad.

Dpj3 to be crooked, perverse. Pa.

caus.

yv to root out; to pluck up.

m. stock; root.

X m. enemy.

D^13 and Pa. to mix.

TSt and Thj; m. wild ass.

nm t. emptying out; damage.

’N'PlDIJ' adj. Ill. naked.

(Plur. p4S‘-), and

•xPita-ij? occur.

onj; an aony adj. m. cunning.

VO v and vov to occur, happen;

to meet. an ajnr?.

pOV. and pry to fie

to escape. Inf. j”

c, run away;

and

pr. n. the Archites.

yyy m. herb.

nai’p'r and m.,

xn'y'wy f. the tenth,

yv f., xyv m. ten.

twenty.

m and adj. in. power¬

ful; strong; mighty.

to think; to purpose,

nv m. time. nvo as follows,

iny. not used, Pa. to prepare;

to determine; to set up.

ynjf and yny adj. m., NTH#

f. ready; determined; prepar¬

ed; about to. With foil. Inf. it

signifies to will the given ac-

pmr adj. m. ancient; old. [tion.

0*15 pr. n. (Heb.) Phut.

□'ll) m. mouth.

?13 adv. now. (Used to strength¬

en another particle.)

fi?r® m. releasing; redemption;

sal ration.

102 VOCABULARY.

enp to come forth; to abound; to

increase; to remain over.

nn? m. governor of a province. T V

Const. nn?; pi ur. nn?. "in? m. potter.

and m. tunic.

WD!1?’? pr. n. the Pelusians. * T

JO'P m. fruit. Plur. P1*p and

mip.

pc^p pr. n. (Heb.) Pishon.

and r1?? to divide.

JlpP m. half.

JpP pr. n. (Heb.) Peleg.

kj6? f. division. t \ :

nS? to serve; to worship; to cul¬

tivate the soil; to observe a re¬

quirement. [ice; worship.

inp? and in1?!? m. ivork; serv-

’NTe1?? pr. n. the Philistines. •• t : • :

DP m. end; extremity. [tery.

plpjpp ('fi- '£)—) m. psal-

NVP and Pa. to deliver; to free. t :

Ipp Pa. to order; to command.

pin? and m. redeemer.

Pn? m. iron. [fly-

nip to flourish; to blossom; to

D.np Pa. to sustain; to nourish.

Dip to divide. Part. pass. Dip

(PDIp) division.

DIP pr. n. (Heb.) Persia; the “ T

ND1P f. sole. [Persians. t : “

'DIP m. a Persian. Emphatic

N'DIP- T T

to render; to reward. Ithpe.

to be paid; to take vengeance;

to exact. [crate.

pip to break off; to redeem, lib-

cns to separate; to divide; to

distinguish. Pa. Part. pass.

D^lpD definitely; distinct!)/. ~ t :

pen? m. copy.

m? pr. n. (Heb.) Euphrates. t :

lX’? to reach out, extend.

itrP to dissolve, explain, solve.

1^?K subs. pr)ssibility, pos¬

sible. [tion.

itr'p m. interpretation; explana-

oin? m. word; command;edict; T :

letter; tiling.

nn? to enlarge; to extend. t :

nn? to open.

Tip m. breadth, width. With

saff. n’n?, mm?- • t : t :

’XDnn? pr. n. the Pathrusim. .. T : —

VOCABULARY. 103

JOy t° be willing. t :

fii*02fpl.m-(Heb .) armies,hosts. t :

m f. matter; will; design,

D'iDy pr. n. (Heb.) Zeboim (for

O'NOi*).

innv m. a little, somewhat. As

ady. for a short time.

jnv to dip; to moisten. Ithpa.

yyovx- -oy to collect; to heap up; to

ny m. side. [glean.

NHV, NHV m. design; conspir- t : t : ~

acy.

jay and Hi* to he wasted, de- t : • :

stroyecl, deserted; to catch; to

conspire. Part. act. f. ’ T

Itlipeel HOVN and t : “ • : ; •

(as though from “jyfrO.

Aph. to destroy; to scorn.

NTVH¥ f. devastation; destruc- r : ~

pH¥ adv. m. righteous. [tion.

«irw m. justice; piety.

K|?T¥ f. same; virtue; almsgiv¬

ing. Emphatic Xilpiy and

NnplV* 1 ppy f. righteousness; piety.

to thirst; to be thirsty. Act.

part. Hi*, NHi* *• T T T

m. neck.

and “py to waylay; to catch.

ithpe. -pynN.

my and my to he inclined; to

hear; to perceive. Aph. my^

and rm to hear; to obey. ** T

pTV pr. n. (Heb.) Sidon.

nPi pr. n. (Heb.) Zillah. T *

I'Hi* to incline; to listen. Pa, t :

.t?v and *^y to pray, suppli¬

cate.

rf?i* to prosper. Aph. same;

caus.; to promise.

□S*f D^i*. Dpi and □Si* m. image; idol; appearance.

Si*Si‘, pi. m. pSvSi*- fiSi*’?, [Hi^i* (and 'i) cymbal, q/m-

nav to sprout, germinate, [hals.

pr. n. the Zemarites.

*1 l^y m* .Vrto/-

may m. lie-goat.

nayc* bird.

ISi* m. morning, dawn.

my not used. Pa. to strengthen;

medic fast.

104 VOCABULARY.

f. i urning; destruction T T .

through fire.

p ^p to come to meet; to visit; to

complain; to cry. Pa. to re¬

ceive; to accept; to hear; to

listen to; to comply with; to

cry out.

and ^P prep, before; op¬

posite; because of. With suff.

np5p and rvpap, etc —

P3PP same. ^an-Pa because ' Jt:t It: t

of; conj. because; therefore.—

Foil, by H forasmuch as.

tr’P|P adj. m. holy; saint.

Dip, ND111 and Nftlp m.

former time; beginning; past;

east side; east. pppppo. form¬

erly ; in front; on the e. side.

°1P' DPP and Dpp prep, be¬

fore. It takes suff. of plural

nouns; e. g., ’opp, ’piapp.

Dpp JO i. q. JO or opp.

’.piappo from before that.

4\*anp f. before time; antiquity.

j“IOPp JO prep, before.

’Op'p (’NOPp) adj. m. past;

earlier; first.

KjP’Opp. KiP’Opp f- emph.

the first. (From forms X’OPP.

.)

NJiPPP and NJ’PPp adj. m. of

DiPpp m. cedar. [cedar.

trip Pa. to set apart; to conse¬

crate; to sanctify. Aph. same.

trip pr. n. (Heb.) Kedesh.

{^1,Ip m. congregation; assembly.

triip, ^^1*11 m. hoii ness;

sanctuary; the Holy One.

Pip, S'p to be light. Tthpolal

to be diminished; to sink.

Dip to rise up; to stand. Pa. to

establish; to abide; to swear;

to confirm; to sustain. Aph.

to set up; to appoint. Hoph.

°w -oip and -°i? insep. prep, be-

N'-IIP and N*pip m. cold. [fore.

tv and m m. oblation;

sacrifice; offering.

pDp to kill.

adj. m. killer; murderer. |t

IDp m. knot; joint.

D’D m. summer.

VOCABULARY. 105

Op and D'p to live. Pa. Dp

and DNp to maintain in life;

to swear; to confirm by oath;

to cause to swear.

°:p m. covenant; edict; decree.

Dp adj. m. established; firm.

jp pr. n. (Heb.) Cain.

W pr. n. (Heb.) Cainan.

D'nnp, oinrp or onnp m.

cithara, a kind of harp.

*7p, 'yp m. voice. Plur. J’Hp

thunders; jSp voices.

W and ’Pp, K’Pp m. roasted.

grain; grain of wheat or barley.

^P to be light, despised, lessen-

“DP see □ID- [«*, diminished. |t t)t:

nop, anpp in. meal; flour.

™P to buy, purchase, obtain,

acquire. [padocians.

*Npl?*0p pr. n. (Heb.) the Cap-

jp, NVp m. end.

pvp fo be angry; to be in a rage.

nvp m. anger; wrath.

j**Jp to cut off; to kill.

™p f. part; end.

N^p to call; to read. Imp. pp

read. (Others say Part, pass.)

and to approach; to

touch; tobring. Pa .same. Aph.

to bring near; to offer.

3PP m. war; fight.

H-p and pT)p pr. n. Cnrdis-

N'PTip pr. n. Cardania. [tan.

Wp, Npp, Knp and Xpp f.

city. Emph. Nrnp, N'nnp. Plur. pY"V)p and p"lp; emph.

NT]p, NTnWlp. T DHp adj . m. near; akin.

rnp f. (Heb.) city. npp pr. n. Kirjath-Arba.

pp and pp c. Aom. Plur. j\pp

and [Pip- Dual. p~p.

np m. piece; fragment.

m. truth. Emph.^Ot^'p.

With 0, indeed; with jp truly.

n^p f. boio; rain-bow.

ja*)iO pr. n. (Heb.) Reuben.

0\\p and trp m. head; begin¬

ning; swn; amount. Plur.

heads; chiefs.

aw Nan adj. m. great, high; ~ T “

leader; chief; prince. Plur.

panow

106 VOCABULARY.

am xr\y\ f. great; strong. T ” T ; “

mi to be great or numerous. t :

m f. greatness; grandeur.

in and Ni n num. adj. ten

thousand, a myriad. PI. pOl-

m. lord; master.

m and m m. boy; young man. ' : " T

*pni num. adj. m., f.

fourth.

•*Wi pr. n. (Heb.) Rebecca.

3*131 adj.m., N'3131 f. see 33.

R“»"> m. great one; nobleman;

ur\ to desire, long for. [prince.

rn to be moved, excited.

rn m. anger; rage.

and ^i a. foot. PI. and dual

ihn

301 to be tumultuous. Aph. to

rage; to collect together in rage

m to pursue, [or with tumult.

n m. aspect; appearance.

nn c. wind; breath; spirit.

11 to be drunk. Impf. 11\

□n to be high. Poel to exalt;

praise. Ithpo. to lift up one s

self. Peil Perf. pi. Vpl.

on m. height; honor; dignity.

nn pr. n. (Heb.) Ruth.

n m. secret. T

aim m. street; square.

Dim pr. n. Rehum.

P’ni adj. m. distant; remote.

sm pr. n. (Heb.) Rachel. •* T

i’pni pi . m. mercy; compassion.

fill to trust in. Ithpe., with.

same.

pll and pni to be far, re¬

moved. Aph. to remove; to hold

far off.

triii, trni to creep; to swarm.

e’ni, 3”ni m. worms; reptiles.

f. and emph. m. J^tTfin and t :

N3*m T —: —

mm and 3*31 adj. m. juicy;

moist; in fresh green..

*on and Nan f. young woman. T T

nn m. scent; smell.

non pr. n. (Heb.) Riphatli.

ipn adj. m., N^jpn f. vacant,

empty.

trn see c\sn. D1 adj. m. high. [impose.

T

ND1 to throw, cast; to place; to T :

rnoi pr. n. Ramoth.

VOCABULARY. 107

m. evening.

|Pn pr. n. (Heb.) Resen.

Njn to feed, guard, tend; to de¬

sire; to like. Ithpe. to be dear;

to like; to find pleas ure.

inf . pleasure; will; delight.

Njlin f . same.

pun and wd m. thought; un¬

derstanding.

nojn pr. n. (Heb.) Raaniali.

pin adj. m. green; flourishing.

iun and Pa. >un to shatter,

break in pieces.

D£H to trample upon. [pause.

in. vault of heaven; ex-

ocn to note, write down; to sign.

V m. elder.

T

rx satisfied.

NJii’ to be or become great.

adj •m- great; much, many;

adv. very; exceedingly.

IW f. testimony; proof.

ayniir, and m. satiety; fullness.

to place; to appoint; to give

(orders); to (a decree);

d#c? mi? to show respect.

Tt?tr m. s<VZe.

*?x to understand. Itlipa. with

3 to consider.

utox f. intelligence; under- t ; : t

standing.

to hate. nX hater; enemy. t : t

■w m. hair.

rrtw pr. r». (Heb.) Sarah. T T

'~)xv and to ask, seek; to enquire.

vtmf f. request; affair, concern. t ** :

‘■,N"nLW pr. n. Shealtiel.

*W to be left; to remain. Ithpe.

same. Pa.nx.rnx' to leave.

Itlipa. to leave; to be left.

m. the rest, remainder. t :

X and yy num. adj. c. seven.

(In Jer. Targ. for

pr. n. (Heb.) Sheba. t :

mw Pa. to praise; to sing.

DX or £33*tr, NtDX', m.rod; — : — t :

stem; tribe.

yyy m. flame.

U?*x ord. adj. m. seventh.

npx* noj* yy) seventeen.

108 VOCABULARY.

mini. adj. f. (‘XP. m- seven. Plur. seventy,

to leave; to forsake; to let

off; to remit; to forgive; to per¬

mit.

Pa. to puzzle, perplex,

'lip f. wife of a king; queen. PI. T **

pip and

a-\p to throw, sling; to pour t :

out, sited.

np to soar. Ithpe. same; toffy.

'TW Pa. to persuade. Ithpa. to

endeavor; to he occupied in.

Pa. I. to wrestle. Itlipa. to

exert one's self.

ttb' ii. to send.

TlTTt^ pr. n. Shadrach.

’TXP m. ip>2p and - t : t i

N^iatr' (and 3 without dag.),

f. ear of corn; stalk. Plur. has

masc. ending.

Pa. to set, place. Ithpa. to he

made; to become.

Dlu* i- Q. De*.

and m. trumpet. T T T

m. street; open place.

ntr m. wall.

pr. n. the Susan- .. T : -

chites.

nW' adj. m. corrupt; wicked.

As subs, crime.

i ire Peel, to deliver; to free.

inf. $oreL with suff. ni3reL TT * T ••

W f. deliverance; refuge. T T

ttW f same. T *•

tijw m. measure.

and *1Pe* Peel, to finish;

to cease; to extirpate; to de¬

stroy; to perish. Ithpeel pass.

KDKiTfcP (D) m. foundation. T T T

rap to discover, find; to attain.

Aph. same.

f- dwelling; encamping; t • :

stay; Shehinali.

QZP pr. n. (Heb.) Shechem.

PP and dwell, rest. Pa.

to cause to dwell.

rhP 'to he complete; to he secure. t :

Fhw f. and T T

PP f. mistake; error; failure. T

rtPP f. tranquillity. t ** :

rpp to send away; to put out

or off. Pa. same.

pr. n. (Heb.) Shelah. i

VOCABULARY. 109

and O'-'V, with 3 or •?&

to rule; to leave ‘power; to fall

upon, attack. Aph. to cause to

po^' m. officer; ruler. [rule,

rvhw m.power; dominion. (Targ.

ibW) adj. m.powerful. With S

and Inf.permitted. Subs, ruler;

officer.

to be perfect; complete.

adj. m. perfect; complete,

abet to complete. Aph. to finish;

to restore.

m. prosperity; peace. t :

rpC’ pr. n. (Heb.) Sheleph.

Dtp and Dtp m. name. Emph.

Dt? pr. n. (Heb.) &‘hem.

~iotP Aph. to destroy.

N’OtP Plur. emph. m. heaven; t "■ :

the heavens.

UQW Ithpo. DOiflPfc (?) to

be astonished.

J?fcP adj. m. Xl?tP f.fat; rich.

Plur./a£ ones.

???£^’ plur. m. fat pieces.

yotp to hear; to obey. Ithpe.

and Ithpa. to be heard; to be

obedient. Aph. to make hear;

to announce; to play; to cause

to resound.

|n?p pr. n. Samaria.

tPOtP and NtPOtP c. sun. v v t :

WOW Pa. to serve; to minister.

adj. m. servant. T T ™

>tPDtP pr. n. Shimshai.

and m. tooth. Dual

to be changed. Pa. to change, i 1

pass. part, different. Ithpa. to

change; to be altered. Aph. as

Pa. ($$ or n often retained

after preform.) Inf. t - : ~

f. sleep. t :

KJtP’f- year. Const. emph. t : “ :

NfliP, plur. p;jp.

pjtif adj. m., JO— f. sharp.

pC'm. edge.

*mp f. moment; any short peri¬

od. Emphatic Knj/tP and

anrtP, piur. pptp. DStP m. judge.

• * T

"PStP adj. m. fair; beautiful;

agreeable; good.

110 VOCABULARY.

Aph. to bring down, hum¬

ble; to subdue. (K or j"J often

retained after preform.)

adj. m. low.

"I3r to be beautiful; to be agree-

able.

nsnstf m. dawn of the morning. t : — :

pc’ f. leg.

np^’ Aph. tomake drink, water.

"W m. deception; falsehood.

frOp&p1? in vain or to what is

fedse.

to loosen; to remit; to solve; t :

to stop, dwell; to begin. Part,

pi. |ntp loose. Ithpe. tobeloos¬

ed; to be begun. Pa. to loose;

to begin. Itlipa. to be loosed;

to become powerless. Aph. to

encamp; to cause to rest.

to be or become dry. Ithpe.

same.

w'W m. root.

f- and \ment.

f. eradication, banish-

'y$wv? pr. n. Sheshbazzar.

rW num. adj. f., m. six. T *

piur. prttr sixty.

nt? pr. n. (Heb.) Seth.

KDW to drink. t :

xm f. year. T “

’rrn&r m. ord. adj. sixth, [nai.

*W pr. n. Sliethar-boz-

n i. q. Din.

N\1\\\n f. fig; fig -tree. Plur.

}yxn (*wn occurs.)

TDn adj. m. fragile.

Psn f. (Heb.) earth partic. in¬

habited earth, world.

ynn to enquire; to investigate;

to visit; to look for, ask for,

desire; to pray; to demand; to

avenge.

“on to break; to break off, in

pieces.

P’eqn m. cooked food; mess;

broth.

f- revolving in a circle, t • :

hence continuance; preceded

by D constantly.

Dinn c. (Heb.) deep; abyss.

Din to return; to repent; to an¬

swer. Inf. 3JTD, DH’D. Aph. ~ T

same with act. sig.

VOCABULARY. Ill

2)D adv. again; farther.

Pr* ii* (Heb.) Tubal.

rp ^ pr. n. (Heb.) Tubed-

cain.

n^rom pr. n. (Heb.) Togarmah. t : “

nin to be amazed, terrified.

inpin (p), f. family; genera- t :

tion; nation.

»\‘2pDin f. occasion; cause. t It :

K|)in m. tabret; tymbal; tim¬

brel (tambourine),

ppw m. strength.

jqpfm aronpin and

Nnpnpn f. gift (as means

of approach to a great being),

nin 111. ox.

Nnaann f. praise; renown;

glory; song of praise; song.

Difin m. border.

nirrn prep, under.

non same (Heb.).

5OlN’0 f. desire; appetite.

Knirrn f. chest; ark. T

Krnyjrn f. blowing; sound.

d "vn pr. n. (Heb.) Tiras. T *

a pn to reach up, hang up, stretch

over. Ithpe. to be suspended.

y?r\ m. snow.

’iTpn ord. adj. m. third.

nPn f., nnPn m. num. adj. t : t t :

three. Plur. thirty.

anPn m. the third part. t : -

>npn adv. by way of a third.

on. nan and ran adv. there; t t - It-

thither.

n?n (n) m* wonder; miracle,

mn pr. n. the month Tammuz

(4th, about July).

’pan adv. yesterday.

' \3Dn, ^on num. adj. f., N\]ftn | T ■ " • t : -

m. eight. Plur. eighty.

pain# pi. m. consolation.

num. adj. m. second.

xnn m. great sea-fish; great

snake. Plur. sea-monsters.

nmn adv. a second time; again.

N’nsn emph. pi. m. of uneer- .. T : •

tain meaning; either the judges

from the idea of passing sent¬

ence, or the sheriffs from that

of serving sentence.

nDipn f. course; solstice; season

Ppn adj. m. right; fit; firm.

xnirpn f. blowing; sound.

112 VOCABULARY. .

rppn Impf. wjp/V to be strong,

fast; to burn, be angry; to be

passionately sad.

adj. m.. strong; mighty;

powerful.

Ppp to weigh. Pass. part. Ppn

for P’pri. fpn to be fast. Pa. to make fast;

to prepare; to arrange. Apli.

same. Hoph. to be restored.

ppi“l to grow; to become strong

or powerful or hard. Pa. to

confirm. See to- • "

ppn and m. power; au-

thority. Emph. Niplil (ft).

D.nn to interpret; to translate.

>nn i. q. nn.

nn and ?nn num. adj. m. two;

both. "ip^-nn twelve.

Tjin to drive out. Pa. same.

P’oin m. sack; wallet.

jnn. Njnn m. gate; door; en¬

trance.

m. porter; watchman. PL

emph. T^“ T T

e”cnn pr. n. (Heb.) Tarshish.

’rnn, xrnn and num.

adj. f. two; both.

ywn f., m. nine,

ninety.

ncri n) pr. n. the month Tish-

ri (7th, about October).

^nn pr. n. Tatnai.

Date Due

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