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STPM/S(E)960

PEPERIKSAANSIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA

(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION)

PHYSICS

Syllabus and Specimen Papers

This syllabus applies for the 2012/2013 session and thereafter until further notice.

MAJLIS PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA

(MALAYSIAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL)

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NATIONAL EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY

Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further

developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and

integrated manner, so as to produce individuals who are

intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically

balanced and harmonious, based on a belief in and devotion

to God. Such effort is designed to produce Malaysian

citizens who are knowledgeable and competent, who possess

high moral standards, and who are responsible and capableof achieving a high level of personal well-being as well as

being able to contribute to the betterment of the family, the

society and the nation at large.

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FOREWORD

This revised Physics syllabus is designed to replace the existing syllabus which has been in use since

the 2001 STPM examination. This new syllabus will be enforced in 2012 and the first examination

will also be held the same year. The revision of the syllabus takes into account the changes made by

the Malaysian Examinations Council (MEC) to the existing STPM examination. Through the newsystem, the form sixth study will be divided into three terms, and candidates will sit for an

examination at the end of each term. The new syllabus fulfils the requirements of this new system.

The main objective of introducing the new examination system is to enhance the teaching and

learning orientation of form six so as to be in line with the orientation of teaching and learning in

colleges and universities.

The revision of the Physics syllabus incorporates current developments in physics studies and syllabus

design in Malaysia. The syllabus will give candidates exposure to pre-university level of Physics that

includes mechanics and thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, oscillations and waves, optics,

and modern physics.

The syllabus contains topics, teaching periods, learning outcomes, examination format, gradedescription and specimen papers.

The design of this syllabus was undertaken by a committee chaired by Professor Dato Dr. Mohd.

Zambri bin Zainuddin from Universiti Malaya. Other committee members consist of university

lecturers, representatives from the Curriculum Development Division, Ministry of Education

Malaysia, and experienced teachers who are teaching Physics. On behalf of MEC, I would like to

thank the committee for their commitment and invaluable contribution. It is hoped that this syllabus

will be a guide for teachers and candidates in the teaching and learning process.

Chief ExecutiveMalaysian Examinations Council

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CONTENTS

Syllabus 960 Physics

Page

Aims 1

Objectives 1

Content

First Term: Mechanics and Thermodynamics 29

Second Term: Electricity and Magnetism 1015

Third Term: Oscillations and Waves, Optics, and Modern Physics 1622

Practical Syllabus (School-based Assessment of Practical) 2324

Written Practical Test 24

Scheme of Assessment 2526

Performance Descriptions 27

Summary of Key Quantities and Units 2830

Values of constants 31

Reference Books 32

Specimen Paper 1 3354



Specimen Experiment Paper 4 101103


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1

SYLLABUS

960 PHYSICS

Aims

This syllabus aims to enhance candidates knowledge and understanding of physics to enable them toeither further their studies at institutions of higher learning or assist them to embark on a related

career and also to promote awareness among them of the role of physics in the universe.

Objectives

The objectives of this syllabus are to enable candidates to:

(a) use models, concepts, principles, theories, and laws of physics;

(b) interpret and use scientific information presented in various forms;

(c) solve problems in various situations;

(d) analyse, synthesise, and evaluate information and ideas logically and critically;

(e) use techniques of operation and safety aspects of scientific equipment;

(f) plan and carry out experiments scientifically and make conclusions;

(g) develop proper attitudes, ethics, and values in the study and practice of physics.

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2

FIRST TERM: MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS

TopicTeaching

PeriodLearning Outcome

1 Physical Quantities andUnits

1.1 Base quantities and

SI units

6

1

Candidates should be able to:

(a) list base quantities and their SI units:

mass (kg), length (m), time (s), current (A),

temperature (K) and quantity of matter (mol);

(b) deduce units for derived quantities;

1.2 Dimensions of

physical quantities

1 (c) use dimensional analysis to determine the

dimensions of derived quantities;

(d) check the homogeneity of equations using

dimensional analysis;

(e) construct empirical equations using

dimensional analysis;

1.3 Scalars and vectors 2 (f) determine the sum, the scalar product and

vector product of coplanar vectors;

(g) resolve a vector to two perpendicular

components;

1.4 Uncertainties in

measurements

2 (h) calculate the uncertainty in a derived quantity

(a rigorous statistical treatment is not

required);

(i) write a derived quantity to an appropriate

number of significant figures.

2 Kinematics

2.1 Linear motion

6

2


(a) derive and use equations of motion with

constant acceleration;

(b) sketch and use the graphs of displacement-

time, velocity-time and acceleration-time for

the motion of a body with constantacceleration;

2.2 Projectiles 4 (c) solve problems on projectile motion without

air resistance;

(d) explain the effects of air resistance on the

motion of bodies in air.

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3

TopicTeaching


3 Dynamics

3.1 Newtons laws ofmotion

12

4


(a) state Newtons laws of motion;

(b) use the formulat

mv

t

vmF

d

d

d

dfor constant

m or constant v only;

3.2 Linear momentum and

its conservation

3 (c) state the principle of conservation of

momentum, and verify the principle using

Newtons laws of motion;

(d) apply the principle of conservation of

momentum;

(e) define impulse as d ;F t

(f) solve problems involving impulse;

3.3 Elastic and inelastic

collisions

2 (g) distinguish between elastic collisions and

inelastic collisions (knowledge of coefficient

of restitution is not required);

(h) solve problems involving collisions between

particles in one dimension;

3.4 Centre of mass 1 (i) define centre of mass for a system of particles

in a plane;

(j) predict the path of the centre of mass of a two-

particle system;

3.5 Frictional forces 2 (k) explain the variation of frictional force with

sliding force;

(l) define and use coefficient of static function

and coefficient of kinetic friction.

4 Work, Energy and Power

4.1 Work

5

2


(a) define the work done by a forcesF

ddW

;(b) calculate the work done using a force-

displacement graph;

(c) calculate the work done in certain situations,

including the work done in a spring;

4.2 Potential energy and

kinetic energy

2 (d) derive and use the formula: potential energy

change = mgh near the surface of the Earth;

(e) derive and use the formula: kinetic energy

2

2

1mv ;

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4

TopicTeaching


(f) state and use the work-energy theorem;

(g) apply the principle of conservation of energy

in situations involving kinetic energy and

potential energy;

4.3 Power 1 (h) derive and use the formula P Fv ;

(i) use the concept of efficiency to solve

problems.

5 Circular Motion

5.1 Angular displacement

and angular velocity

8

1


(a) express angular displacement in radians;

(b) define angular velocity and period;(c) derive and use the formula rv ;

5.2 Centripetal

acceleration

2 (d) explain that uniform circular motion has an

acceleration due to the change in direction of

velocity;

(e) derive and use the formulae for centripetal

acceleration a =2

v

rand a = 2r ;

5.3 Centripetal force 5 (f) explain that uniform circular motion is due to

the action of a resultant force that is always

directed to the centre of the circle;

(g) use the formulae for centripetal force2

mvF

rand 2F mr ;

(h) solve problems involving uniform horizontal

circular motion for a point mass;

(i) solve problems involving vertical circular

motions for a point mass (knowledge of

tangential acceleration is not required).

6 Gravitation

6.1 Newtons law ofuniversal gravitation

10

1


(a) state Newtons law of universal gravitation and

use the formula FGMm

r2

;

6.2 Gravitational field 2 (b) explain the meaning of gravitational field;

(c) define gravitational field strength as force of

gravity per unit mass;

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5

TopicTeaching


(d) use the equation gGM

r2

for a gravitational

field;

6.3 Gravitational potential 3 (e) define the potential at a point in a gravitational

field;

(f) derive and use the formula VGM

r;

(g) use the formula for potential energy

UGMm

r;

(h) show that mghrmgU is a special case

ofUGMm

rfor situations near to the

surface of the Earth;

(i) use the relationship gV

r

d

d;

(j) explain, with graphical illustrations, the

variations of gravitational field strength and

gravitational potential with distance from the

surface of the Earth;

6.4 Satellite motion in a

circular orbit

3 (k) solve problems involving satellites moving in

a circular orbit in a gravitational field;

(l) explain the concept of weightlessness;

6.5 Escape velocity 1 (m) derive and use the equation for escape

velocity e2GM

vR

and e 2 .v gR

7 Statics

7.1 Centre of gravity

6

1


(a) define centre of gravity;(b) state the condition in which the centre of mass

is the centre of gravity;

7.2 Equilibrium of

particles

1 (c) state the condition for the equilibrium of a

particle;

(d) solve problems involving forces in equilibrium

at a point;

7.3 Equilibrium of rigid

bodies

4 (e) define torque as ;r F

(f) state the conditions for the equilibrium of a

rigid body;

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6

TopicTeaching


(g) sketch and label the forces which act on a

particle and a rigid body;

(h) use the triangle of forces to represent forces in

equilibrium;

(i) solve problems involving forces in

equilibrium.

8 Deformation of Solids

8.1 Stress and strain

5

1


(a) define stress and strain for a stretched wire or

elastic string;

8.2 Force-extension graph

and stress-strain graph

2 (b) sketch force-extension graph and stress-strain

graph for a ductile material;

(c) identify and explain proportional limit, elastic

limit, yield point and tensile strength;

(d) define the Youngs modulus;

(e) solve problems involving Youngs modulus;

(f) distinguish between elastic deformation and

plastic deformation;

(g) distinguish the shapes of force-extension

graphs for ductile, brittle and polymeric

materials;

8.3 Strain energy 2 (h) derive and use the formula for strain energy;

(i) calculate strain energy from force-extension

graphs or stress-strain graphs.

9 Kinetic Theory of Gases

9.1 Ideal gas equation

14

2


(a) use the ideal gas equation ;pV nRT

9.2 Pressure of a gas 2 (b) state the assumptions of the kinetic theory of

an ideal gas;(c) derive and use the equation for the pressure

exerted by an ideal gas21

3;p c

9.3 Molecular kinetic

energy

2 (d) state and use the relationship between the

Boltzmann constant and molar gas constant

AN

Rk ;

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TopicTeaching


(e) derive and use the expression for the mean

translational kinetic energy of a molecule,

21 3

2 2;mc kT

9.4 The r.m.s. speed of

molecules

2 (f) calculate the r.m.s. speed of gas molecules;

(g) sketch the molecular speed distribution graph

and explain the shape of the graph (description

of the experiment is not required);

(h) predict the variation of molecular speed

distribution with temperature;

9.5 Degrees of freedom

and law of

equipartition of energy

3 (i) define the degrees of freedom of a gas

molecule;

(j) identify the number of degrees of freedom of a

monatomic, diatomic or polyatomic molecule

at room temperature;

(k) explain the variation in the number of degrees

of freedom of a diatomic molecule ranging

from very low to very high temperatures;

(l) state and apply the law of equipartition of

energy;

9.6 Internal energy of anideal gas

3 (m) distinguish between an ideal gas and a real gas;

(n) explain the concept of internal energy of an

ideal gas;

(o) derive and use the relationship between the

internal energy and the number of degrees of

freedom.

10 Thermodynamics of Gases

10.1 Heat capacities

14

2


(a) define heat capacity, specific heat capacity and

molar heat capacity;

(b) use the equations:

V,m , , Q C Q mc Q nC and

p,m Q nC ;

10.2 Work done by a gas 1 (c) derive and use the equation for work done by

a gas d ;W p V

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TopicTeaching


10.3 First law of

thermodynamics

5 (d) state and apply the first law of

thermodynamics ;Q U W

(e) deduce the relationship TnCU mV, from

the first law of thermodynamics;

(f) derive and use the equation p,m V,m ;C C R

(g) relate mp,mV, and CC to the degrees of

freedom;

(h) use the relationshipmV,

mp,

C

Cto identify the

types of molecules;

10.4 Isothermal and

adiabatic changes

6 (i) describe the isothermal process of a gas;

(j) use the equation pV constant for isothermal

changes;

(k) describe the adiabatic process of a gas;

(l) use the equations pV constant and

1TV constant for adiabatic changes;

(m) illustrate thermodynamic processes withp-V

graphs;(n) derive and use the expression for work done in

the thermodynamic processes.

11 Heat Transfer

11.1 Conduction

10

5


(a) explain the mechanism of heat conduction

through solids, and hence, distinguish between

conduction through metals and non-metals;

(b) define thermal conductivity;

(c) use the equation xkAt

Q

d

d

d

dfor heat

conduction in one dimension;

(d) describe and calculate heat conduction through

a cross-sectional area of layers of different

materials;

(e) compare heat conduction through insulated

and non-insulated rods;

11.2 Convection 1 (f) describe heat transfer by convection;

(g) distinguish between natural and forced

convection;

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TopicTeaching


11.3 Radiation 3 (h) describe heat transfer by radiation;

(i) use Stefan-Boltzmann equation 4d ;dQ e ATt

(j) define a black body;

11.4 Global warming 1 (k) explain the greenhouse effect and thermal

pollution;

(l) suggest ways to reduce global warming.

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SECOND TERM: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

TopicTeaching


12 Electrostatics

12.1 Coulombs law

12

2


(a) state Coulombs law, and use the formula

2

04 r

QqF ;

12.2 Electric field 3 (b) explain the meaning of electric field, and

sketch the field pattern for an isolated point

charge, an electric dipole and a uniformly

charged surface;

(c) define the electric field strength, and use the

formulaq

FE ;

(d) describe the motion of a point charge in a

uniform electric field;

12.3 Gausss law 4 (e) state Gausss law, and apply it to derive theelectric field strength for an isolated point

charge, an isolated charged conducting sphere

and a uniformly charged plate;

12.4 Electric potential 3 (f) define electric potential;

(g) use the formular

QV

04;

(h) explain the meaning of equipotential surfaces;

(i) use the relationshipr

VE

d

d;

(j) use the formula U= qV.

13 Capacitors

13.1 Capacitance

12

1


(a) define capacitance;

13.2 Parallel plate

capacitors

2 (b) describe the mechanism of charging a parallel

plate capacitor;

(c) use the formula CQ

Vto derive

d

AC 0 for

the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor;

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TopicTeaching


13.3 Dielectrics 2 (d) define relative permittivity r (dielectric

constant);

(e) describe the effect of a dielectric in a parallel

plate capacitor;

(f) use the formulad

AC r 0 ;

13.4 Capacitors in series

and in parallel

2 (g) derive and use the formulae for effective

capacitance of capacitors in series and in

parallel;

13.5 Energy stored in a

charged capacitor

1 (h) use the formulae

22

2

1

2

1

2

1 and, CVUC

QUQVU

(derivations are not required);

13.6 Charging and

discharging of a

capacitor

4 (i) describe the charging and discharging process

of a capacitor through a resistor;

(j) define the time constant, and use the formula

;RC

(k) derive and use the formulae

0 1

t

Q Q e , 0 1

t

V V e and

0

t

I I e for charging a capacitor through a

resistor;

(l) derive and use the formulae 0

t

Q Q e ,

0

t

V V e and 0

t

I I e for discharging a

capacitor through a resistor;

(m) solve problems involving charging anddischarging of a capacitor through a resistor.

14 Electric Current

14.1 Conduction of

electricity

10

2


(a) define electric current, and use the equation

t

QI

d

d;

(b) explain the mechanism of conduction of

electricity in metals;

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TopicTeaching


14.2 Drift velocity 2 (c) explain the concept of drift velocity;

(d) derive and use the equation ;I Anev

14.3 Current density 2 (e) define electric current density and

conductivity;

(f) use the relationship ;J E

14.4 Electric conductivity

and resistivity

4 (g) derive and use the equation2

;ne t

m

(h) define resistivity, and use the formula ;RA

l

(i) show the equivalence between Ohms law andthe relationship ;J E

(j) explain the dependence of resistivity on

temperature for metals and semiconductors by

using the equation

2

;ne t

m

(k) discuss the effects of temperature change on

the resistivity of conductors, semiconductors

and superconductors.

15 Direct Current Circuits

15.1 Internal resistance

14

1


(a) explain the effects of internal resistance on the

terminal potential difference of a battery in a

circuit;

15.2 Kirchhoffs laws 4 (b) state and apply Kirchhoffs laws;

15.3 Potential divider 2 (c) explain a potential divider as a source of

variable voltage;

(d) explain the uses of shunts and multipliers;

15.4 Potentiometer and

Wheatstone bridge

7 (e) explain the working principles of a

potentiometer, and its uses;

(f) explain the working principles of a Wheatstone

bridge, and its uses;

(g) solve problems involving potentiometer and

Wheatstone bridge.

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TopicTeaching


16 Magnetic Fields

16.1 Concept of a magneticfield

18

1


(a) explain magnetic field as a field of forceproduced by current-carrying conductors or by

permanent magnets;

16.2 Force on a moving

charge

3 (b) use the formula for the force on a moving

charge ;qF v B

(c) use the equation sinqvBF to define

magnetic flux densityB;

(d) describe the motion of a charged particle

parallel and perpendicular to a uniform

magnetic field;

16.3 Force on a current-

carrying conductor

3 (e) explain the existence of magnetic force on a

straight current-carrying conductor placed in a

uniform magnetic field;

(f) derive and use the equation sinF IlB

16.4 Magnetic fields due to

currents

4 (g) state Amperes law, and use it to derive the

magnetic field of a straight wirer

IB

20 ;

(h) use the formulae r

NI

B 2

0

for a circular coil

and nIB 0 for a solenoid;

16.5 Force between two

current-carrying

conductors

3(i) derive and use the formula

d

lIIF

2210 for the

force between two parallel current-carrying

conductors;

16.6 Determination of the

ratiom

e

2 (j) describe the motion of a charged particle in the

presence of both magnetic and electric fields

(for v,B andEperpendicular to each other);

(k) explain the principles of the determination of

the ratiom

efor electrons in Thomsons

experiment (quantitative treatment is required);

16.7 Hall effect 2 (l) explain Hall effect, and derive an expression

for Hall voltage VH ;

(m) state the applications of Hall effect.

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TopicTeaching


17 Electromagnetic Induction

17.1 Magnetic flux

18

1


(a) define magnetic flux as ; B A

17.2 Faradays law andLenzs law

8 (b) state and use Faradays law and Lenzs law;

(c) derive and use the equation for induced e.m.f.

in linear conductors and plane coils in uniform

magnetic fields;

17.3 Self induction 5 (d) explain the phenomenon of self-induction, and

define self-inductance;

(e) use the formulaeEd

and ;

d

IL LI N

t

(f) derive and use the equation for the self-

inductance of a solenoid

2

0 ;N A

Ll

17.4 Energy stored in an

inductor

2 (g) use the formula for the energy stored in an

inductor 22

1LIU ;

17.5 Mutual induction 2 (h) explain the phenomenon of mutual induction,

and define mutual inductance;

(i) derive an expression for the mutual inductance

between two coaxial solenoids of the same

cross-sectional area

p

sp0

l

ANNM .

18 Alternating Current

Circuits

18.1 Alternating current

through a resistor

12

3


(a) explain the concept of the r.m.s. value of an

alternating current, and calculate its value for

the sinusoidal case only;

(b) derive an expression for the current from

0 sin ;V V t

(c) explain the phase difference between the

current and voltage for a pure resistor;

(d) derive and use the formula for the power in an

alternating current circuit which consists only

of a pure resistor;

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TopicTeaching



through an inductor

3 (e) derive an expression for the current from

0 sin ;V V t

(f) explain the phase difference between the

current and voltage for a pure inductor;

(g) define the reactance of a pure inductor;

(h) use the formula ;LX L

(i) derive and use the formula for the power in an


of a pure inductor;


through a capacitor

3 (j) derive an expression for the current from

0 sin ;V V t

(k) explain the phase difference between the

current and voltage for a pure capacitor;

(l) define the reactance of a pure capacitor;

(m) use the formula1

;CXC

(n) derive and use the formula for the power in an


of a pure capacitor;

18.4 R-CandR-L circuits in

series

3 (o) define impedance;

(p) use the formula22

)( CL XXRZ ;

(q) sketch the phasor diagrams ofR-CandR-L

circuits.

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THIRD TERM: OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES, OPTICS, AND MODERN PHYSICS

TopicTeaching


19 Oscillations 12 Candidates should be able to:

19.1 Characteristics of

simple harmonic

motion

1 (a) define simple harmonic motion;

19.2 Kinematics of simple

harmonic motion

4 (b) show that tAx sin is a solution of2

;a x

(c) derive and use the formula2 2 ;v A x

(d) describe, with graphical illustrations, the

variation in displacement, velocity and

acceleration with time;

(e) describe, with graphical illustrations, the

variation in velocity and acceleration with

displacement;

19.3 Energy in simple

harmonic motion

2 (f) derive and use the expressions for kinetic

energy and potential energy;

(g) describe, with graphical illustrations, the

variation in kinetic energy and potential energy

with time and displacement;

19.4 Systems in simple

harmonic motion

3 (h) derive and use expressions for the periods of

oscillations for spring-mass and simple

pendulum systems;

19.5 Damped oscillations 1 (i) describe the changes in amplitude and energy

for a damped oscillating system;

(j) distinguish between under damping, critical

damping and over damping;

19.6 Forced oscillations and

resonance

1 (k) distinguish between free oscillations and

forced oscillations;

(l) state the conditions for resonance to occur.

20 Wave Motion

20.1 Progressive waves

12

3


(a) interpret and use the progressive wave

equationy =A sin ( t kx) or

y =A cos ( t kx);

(b) sketch and interpret the displacement-time

graph and the displacement-distance graph;

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TopicTeaching


(c) use the formula2

;x

(d) derive and use the relationship ;v f

20.2 Wave intensity 2 (e) define intensity and use the relationship2;I A

(f) describe the variation of intensity with distance

of a point source in space;

20.3 Principle of

superposition

1 (g) state the principle of superposition;

20.4 Standing waves 4 (h) use the principle of superposition to explainthe formation of standing waves;

(i) derive and interpret the standing wave

equation;

(j) distinguish between progressive and standing

waves;

20.5 Electromagnetic waves 2 (k) state that electromagnetic waves are made up

of electrical vibrationsE=E0 sin( t kx)

and magnetic vibrationsB =B0 sin( t kx);

(l) state the characteristics of electromagnetic

waves;

(m) compare electromagnetic waves with

mechanical waves;

(n) state the formula

00

1c , and explain its

significance;

(o) state the orders of the magnitude of

wavelengths and frequencies for different

types of electromagnetic waves.

21 Sound Waves

21.1 Propagation of sound

waves

14

2


(a) explain the propagation of sound waves in air

in terms of pressure variation and

displacement;

(b) interpret the equations for displacement

0 sin( )y y t kx and pressure

p =p0 sin ;2

t kx

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TopicTeaching


(c) use the standing wave equation to determine

the positions of nodes and antinodes of a

standing wave along a stretched string;

21.2 Sources of sound 4(d) use the formula

Tv to determine the

frequencies of the sound produced by different

modes of vibration of the standing waves

along a stretched string;

(e) describe, with appropriate diagrams, the

different modes of vibration of standing waves

in air columns, and calculate the frequencies of

sound produced, including the determinationof end correction;

21.3 Intensity level of

sound

2 (f) define and calculate the intensity level of

sound;

21.4 Beat 2 (g) use the principle of superposition to explain

the formation of beats;

(h) use the formula for beat frequency

f f f1 2 ;

21.5 Doppler effect 4 (i) describe the Doppler effect for sound, and usethe derived formulae (for source and/or

observer moving along the same line).

22 Geometrical Optics

22.1 Spherical mirrors

8

3


(a) use the relationship2

rf for spherical

mirrors;

(b) draw ray diagrams to show the formation of

images by concave mirrors and convex

mirrors;

(c) use the formulafvu111 for spherical

mirrors;

22.2 Refraction at spherical

surfaces

2(d) use the formula

n

u

n

v

n n

r1 2 2 1 for

refraction at spherical surfaces;

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TopicTeaching


22.3 Thin lenses 3(e) use the formula

n

u

n

v

n n

r1 2 2 1 to derive

the thin lens formula1 1 1

u v fand

lensmakers equation21

111

1

rrn

n

f m

l

m

;

(f) use the thin lens formula and lensmakersequation.

23 Wave Optics

23.1 Huygenss principle

16

1


(a) state the Huygenss principle;

(b) use the Huygenss principle to explaininterference and diffraction phenomena;

23.2 Interference 2 (c) explain the concept of coherence;

(d) explain the concept of optical path difference,

and solve related problems;

(e) state the conditions for constructive and

destructive interferences;

23.3 Two-slit interference

pattern

2 (f) explain Youngs two-slit interference pattern;

(g) derive and use the formulaaDx for the

fringe separation in Youngs interferencepattern;

23.4 Interference in a thin

film

2 (h) explain the phenomenon of thin film

interference for normal incident light, and

solve related problems;

23.5 Diffraction by a single

slit

2 (i) explain the diffraction pattern for a single slit;

(j) use the formula

a

sin for the first

minimum in the diffraction pattern for a single

slit;

(k) use the formula sin =a

as the resolving

power of an aperture;

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TopicTeaching


23.6 Diffraction gratings 3 (l) explain the diffraction pattern for a diffraction

grating;

(m) use the formula mdsin for a diffraction

grating;

(n) describe the use of a diffraction grating to form

the spectrum of white light, and to determine

the wavelength of monochromatic light;

23.7 Polarisation 2 (o) state that polarisation is a property of

transverse waves;

(p) explain the polarisation of light obtained by

reflection or using a polariser;

(q) use the Brewsters law tan B ;n

(r) use the Maluss lawI=I0 cos2 ;

23.8 Optical waveguides 2 (s) explain the basic principles of fibre optics and

waveguides;

(t) state the applications of fibre optics and

waveguides.

24 Quantum Physics

24.1 Photons

20

8

Students should be able to:

(a) describe the important observations inphotoelectric experiments;

(b) recognise the features of the photoelectric

effect that cannot be explained by wave theory,

and explain these features using the concept of

quantisation of light;

(c) use the equation E hf for a photon;

(d) explain the meaning of work function and

threshold frequency;

(e) use Einsteins equation for the photoelectric

effect2

max

1;

2hf W mv

(f) explain the meaning of stopping potential, and

use2

s max

1;

2eV mv

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TopicTeaching


24.2 Wave-particle duality 2 (g) state de Broglies hypothesis;

(h) use the relationp

hto calculate de Broglie

wavelength;

(i) interpret the electron diffraction pattern as an

evidence of the wave nature of electrons;

(j) explain the advantages of an electron

microscope as compared to an optical

microscope;

24.3 Atomic structure 4 (k) state Bohrs postulates for a hydrogen atom;

(l) derive an expression for the radii of the orbitsin Bohrs model;

(m) derive the formula222

0

42

8 nh

meZEn for

Bohrs model;

(n) explain the production of emission line spectra

with reference to the transitions between

energy levels;

(o) explain the concepts of excitation energy and

ionisation energy;

24.4 X-rays 5 (p) interpret X-ray spectra obtained from X-ray

tubes;

(q) explain the characteristic line spectrum and

continuous spectrum including min in X-rays;

(r) derive and use the equation min ;hc

eV

(s) describe X-ray diffraction by two parallel

adjacent atomic planes;

(t) derive and use Braggs law 2dsin = m ;

24.5 Nanoscience 1 (u) explain the basic concept of nanoscience;

(v) state the applications of nanoscience in

electronics devices.

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TopicTeaching


25 Nuclear Physics 14 Candidates should be able to:

25.1 Nucleus 4 (a) describe the discovery of protons and neutrons(experimental details are not required);

(b) explain mass defect and binding energy;

(c) use the formula for mass-energy equivalence

E= mc2;

(d) relate and use the units u and eV;

(e) sketch and interpret a graph of binding energy

per nucleon against nucleon number;

25.2 Radioactivity 6 (f) explain radioactive decay as a spontaneous and

random process;

(g) define radioactive activity;

(h) state and use the exponential law Nt

N

d

d

for radioactive decay;

(i) define decay constant;

(j) derive and use the formulat

NN e0 ;

(k) define half-life, and derive the relation

21

2lnt

;

(l) solve problems involving the applications of

radioisotopes as tracers in medical physics;

25.3 Nuclear reactions 4 (m) state and apply the conservation of nucleon

number and charge in nuclear reactions;

(n) apply the principle of mass-energy

conservation to calculate the energy released

(Qvalue) in a nuclear reaction;

(o) relate the occurrence of fission and fusion

to the graph of binding energy per nucleon

against nucleon number;

(p) explain the conditions for a chain reaction to

occur;

(q) describe a controlled fission process in a

reactor;

(r) describe a nuclear fusion process which occurs

in the Sun.

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The Practical Syllabus

School-based Assessment of Practical

School-based assessment of practical work is carried out throughout the form six school terms for

candidates from government schools and private schools which have been approved by MEC to carry

out the school-based assessment.

MEC will determine 13 compulsory experiments and one project to be carried out by the

candidates and to be assessed by the subject teachers in the respective terms. The project will be

carried out during the third term in groups of two or three candidates. Details of the title, topic,

objective, theory, apparatus and procedure of each of the experiments and project will be specified in

the Teachers and Students Manual for Practical Physics which can be downloaded from MECsPortal (http://www.mpm.edu.my) by the subject teachers during the first term of form six.

Candidates should be supplied with a work scheme before the day of the compulsory experiment

so as to enable them to plan their practical work. Each experiment is expected to last one school

double period. Assessment of the practical work is done by the subject teachers during the practical

sessions and also based on the practical reports. The assessment should comply with the assessmentguidelines prepared by MEC.

A repeating candidate may use the total mark obtained in the coursework for the subsequent

STPM examination. Requests to carry forward the moderated coursework mark should be made

during the registration of the examination.

The Physics practical course for STPM should achieve its objective to improve the quality of

candidates in the aspects as listed below.

(a) The ability to follow a set or sequence of instructions.

(b) The ability to plan and carry out experiments using appropriate methods.

(c) The ability to choose suitable equipment and use them correctly and carefully.

(d) The ability to determine the best range of readings for more detailed and careful

measurements.

(e) The ability to make observations, to take measurements and to record data with attention

given to precision, accuracy and units.

(f) The awareness of the importance of check readings and repeat readings.

(g) The awareness of the limits of accuracy of observations and measurements.

(h) The ability to present data and information clearly in appropriate forms.

(i) The ability to interpret, analyse and evaluate observations, experimental data, perform erroranalysisand make deductions.

(j) The ability to make conclusions.

(k) The awareness of the safety measures which need to be taken.
http://www.mpm.edu.my/http://www.mpm.edu.my/http://www.mpm.edu.my/http://www.mpm.edu.my/

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The objective of the project work is to enable candidates to acquire knowledge and integrate

practical skills in Physics with the aid of information and communications technology as well as to

develop soft skills as follows:

(a) communications,

(b) teamwork,

(c) critical thinking and problem solving,

(d) flexibility/adaptability,

(e) leadership,

(f) organising,

(g) information communications and technology,

(h) moral and ethics.

Written Practical Test

The main objective of the written practical test is to assess the candidates understanding of practicalprocedures in the laboratory.

The following candidates are required to register for this paper:

(a) individual private candidates,

(b) candidates from private schools which have no permission to carry out the school-based

assessment of practical work,

(c) candidates who repeat upper six (in government or private schools),

(d) candidates who do not attend classes of lower six and upper six in two consecutive years

(in government or private schools).(e) candidates who take Physics other than the package offered by schools.

Three structured questions on routine practical work and/or design of experiments will be set.

MEC will not be strictly bound by the syllabus in setting questions. Where appropriate, candidates

will be given sufficient information to enable them to answer the questions. Only knowledge of theory

within the syllabus and knowledge of usual laboratory practical procedures will be expected.

The questions to be set will test candidates ability to:

(a) record readings from diagrams of apparatus,

(b) describe, explain, suggest, design or comment on experimental arrangements, techniques

and procedures,

(c) complete tables of data and plot graphs,

(d) interpret, draw conclusions from, and evaluate observations and experimental data,

(e) recognise limitations of experiments and sources of results,

(f) explain the effect of errors on experimental results,

(g) suggest precautions or safety measures,

(h) explain theoretical basis of experiments,

(i) use theory to explain or predict experimental results,

(j) perform simple calculations and error analysis based on experiments.

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Scheme of Assessment

Term of

Study

Paper Code

and NameTheme/Title Type of Test

Mark

(Weighting)Duration Administration

First

Term

960/1

Physics

Paper 1

Mechanics and

ThermodynamicsWritten Test

Section A15 compulsory

multiple-choice

questions to be

answered.

Section B2 compulsory

structured questions

to be answered.

Section C2 questions to be

answered out of 3

essay questions.

All questions are

based on topics 1 to

11.

60

(26.67%)

15

15

30

1 hoursCentral

assessment

Second

Term

960/2

Physics

Paper 2

Electricity and

MagnetismWritten Test

Section A

15 compulsorymultiple-choice

questions to be

answered.



to be answered.

Section C2 questions to be

answered out of 3

essay questions.

All questions are

based on topics 12

to 18.

60

(26.67%)

15

15

30

1 hoursCentral

assessment

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Term of

Study

Paper Code

and NameTheme/Title Type of Test

Mark

(Weighting)Duration Administration

Third

Term

960/3

Physics

Paper 3

Oscillations and

Waves, Optics

and Modern

Physics

Written Test

Section A15 compulsory

multiple-choice

questions to be

answered.



to be answered.

Section C

2 questions to beanswered out of 3

essay questions.

All questions are

based on topics 19

to 25.

60

(26.67%)

15

15

30

1 hoursCentral

assessment

960/5

Physics

Paper 5

Physics Practical Written Practical

Test

3 compulsory

structured questionsto be answered.

45

(20%)

1 hoursCentral

assessment

First,

Second

and

Third

Terms

960/4

Physics

Paper 4

Physics Practical School-based

Assessment of

Practical

13 compulsory

experiments and

one project to be

carried out.

225to be

scaled to

45

(20%)

Throughoutthe three

terms

School-based

assessment

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Performance Descriptions

A Grade A candidate is likely able to:

(a) recall the fundamental knowledge of Physics from the syllabus with few significant

omissions;

(b) show good understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts;

(c) identify the appropriate information and apply the correct techniques to solve problems;

(d) communicate effectively using logical sequence based on physics fundamentals, including

usage of mathematical expressions, schematic diagrams, tables and graph;

(e) synthesise information from fundamental principles of different content areas in problem

solving;

(f) show good understanding of the underlying working principles and carry out extensive

calculation in numerical-type questions;

(g) make adaptations, appropriate assumptions and use the fundamental knowledge of Physics

in analyzing an unfamiliar situation;

(h) identify causes, factors or errors in questions involving experiments;

(i) shows good knowledge relating precision of data to the accuracy of the final result;

(j) interpret and evaluate critically the numerical answer in calculations.

A Grade C candidate is likely able to:

(a) recall the knowledge of Physics from most parts of the syllabus;

(b) show some understanding of the main principles and concepts in the syllabus;

(c) present answer using common terminology and simple concepts in the syllabus;

(d) demonstrate some ability to link knowledge between different areas of Physics;

(e) perform calculation on familiar numerical-type or guided questions;

(f) show some understanding of the underlying Physics principles when carrying out numerical

work;

(g) identify causes, factors or errors in questions involving experiments;

(h) shows good knowledge relating precision of data to the accuracy of the final result;

(i) interpret and evaluate critically the numerical answer in calculations.

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Summary of Key Quantities and Units

Candidates are expected to be familiar with the following quantities, their symbols, their units, and

their interrelationships. They should also be able to perform calculations and deal with questions

involving these quantities as indicated in the syllabus. The list should not be considered exhaustive.

Quantity Usual symbols Units

Base quantities

Amount of matter n mol

Electric current I A

Length l m

Mass m kg

Temperature T K

Time t s

Other quantities

Acceleration a m s2

Acceleration of free fall g m s2

Activity of radioactive source A s1, Bq

Amplitude A m

Angular displacement , rad

Angular frequency rad s1

Angular momentum L kg m2rad s

1

Angular speed , rad s1

Angular velocity , rad s1

Area A m2

Atomic mass ma kgAtomic number (proton number) Z

Capacitance C F

Change of internal energy U J

Charge carrier density n m3

Coefficient of friction

Conductivity 1m1

Critical angle c

Current density J A m2

Decay constant s1

Density kg m3

Displacement s, x mDistance d m

Electric charge Q, q C

Electric field strength E N C1

Electric flux N C1

m2

Electric potential V V

Electric potential difference V, V V

Electromotive force , E V

Electron mass me kg, u

Elementary charge e C

Emissivity e

Energy E, U J

Focal length f m

Force F N

.

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Force constant k N m1

Frequency f Hz

Gravitational field strength g N kg1

Gravitational potential V J kg

1

Half-life t s

Heat Q J

Heat capacity C J K1

Image distance v m

Impedance Z

Intensity I W m2

Internal energy U J

Latent heat L J

Magnetic flux WbMagnetic flux density B T

Magnification power m

Mass number (nucleon number) AMass per unit length kg m

1

Molar heat capacity Cm J K1

mol1

Molar mass M kg mol1

Molecular speed c m s1

Momentum p N sMutual inductance M H

Neutron mass mn kg, u

Neutron number N

Object distance u m

Period T s

Permeability H m1

Permeability of free space 0 H m1

Permittivity F m1

Permittivity of free space 0 F m1

Phase difference , rad

Potential energy U J

Power P W

Pressure p Pa

Principal molar heat capacities CV,m; Cp,m J K1

mol1

Radius r m

Ratio of heat capacities

Reactance X

Refractive index n

Relative atomic mass ArRelative molecular mass MrRelative permeability rRelative permittivity rResistance R

Resistivity m

Self-inductance L H

Specific heat capacity c J K1kg

1

Specific latent heat l J kg1

Speed u, v m s1

Speed of electromagnetic waves c m s 1

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Stress Pa

Surface charge density C m2

Temperature T, K, C

Tension T NThermal conductivity k W m1

K1

Time constant s

Torque N m

Velocity u, v m s1

Volume V m3

Wavelength m

Wave number k m1

Weight W N

Work W J

Work function , W J

Youngs modulus E, Y Pa, N m2

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960 PHYSICS

Values of constants

Acceleration of free fall g = 9.81 m s2

Avogadros constant NA = 6.02 1023

mol1

Boltzmanns constant k, kB = 1.38 1023

J K1

Gravitational constant G = 6.67 1011

N m2

kg2

Magnitude of electronic charge e = 1.60 1019

C

Mass of the Earth ME = 5.97 1024

kg

Mass of the Sun MS = 1.99 1030

kg

Molar gas constant R = 8.31 J K1

mol1

Permeability of free space 0 = 4 107H m

1

Permittivity of free space 0 = 8.85 10 12 F m 1

=19

mF1036

1

Plancks constant h = 6.63 10 34 J s

Radius of the Earth RE = 6.38 106m

Radius of the Sun RS = 6.96 108m

Rest mass of electron me = 9.11 1031

kg

Rest mass of proton mp = 1.67 1027

kg

Speed of light in free space c = 3.00 108

m s1

Stefan-Boltzmann constant = 5.67 108

W m2

K4

Unified atomic mass unit u = 1.66 1027

kg

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Reference Books

Teachers and candidates may use books specially written for the STPM examination and other

reference books such as those listed below.

1. Adam, S. and Allday, J., 2000.Advanced Physics. New York: Oxford.

2. Breithaupt, J., 2000. Understanding Physics for Advanced Level. 4th edition. Cheltenham:

Nelson Thornes.

3. Duncan, T., 2000.Advanced Physics. 5th edition. London: John Murray.

4. Giancoli, D.C., 2008. Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics . 4th edition.

New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.

5. Giancoli, D.C., 2008. Physics-Principles with Application. 6th edition. New Jersey: Pearson

Prentice Hall.

6. Halliday, D., Resnick, R., and Walker, J., 2008. Fundamentals of Physics. 8th edition. New

Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.

7. Hutchings, R., 2000. Physics. 2nd edition. London: Nelson Thornes.

8. Jewett Jr, J.W. and Serway, R.A., 2006. Serways Principles of Physics. 4th edition.California:

Thomson Brooks/Cole.

9. Jewett Jr, J.W. and Serway, R.A., 2008. Physics for Scientists and Engineers. 7th edition.

California: Thomson Brooks/Cole.

10. Nelkon, M. and Parker, P., 1995. Advanced Level Physics. 7th edition. Oxford: Heinemann.

11. Young, H.D. and Freedman, R.A., 2011. University Physics with Modern Physics.13th edition.

California: Pearson Addison Wesley.

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SPECIMEN PAPER

960/1 STPM

PHYSICS (FIZIK)

PAPER 1 (KERTAS 1)

One and a half hours (Satu jam setengah)

MAJLIS PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA(MALAYSIAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL)

SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE)

This question paper consists of printed pages and blank page.

(Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada halaman bercetak dan halaman kosong.)

Majlis Peperiksaan MalaysiaSTPM 960/1

For examiners use(Untuk kegunaan

pemeriksa)

Section B

(Bahagian B)

16

17

Section C

(Bahagian C)

Total

(Jumlah)

Instructions to candidates:

DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE

TOLD TO DO SO.

There are fifteen questions in Section A. For each question, four choices

of answers are given. Choose one correct answer and indicate it on the

Multiple-choice Answer Sheet provided. Read the instructions on the

Multiple-choice Answer Sheet very carefully. Answer all questions. Marks

will not be deducted for wrong answers.

Answer all questions in Section B. Write your answers in the spaces

provided.

Answer any two questions in Section C. All essential working should be

shown. For numerical answers, unit should be quoted wherever appropriate.

Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper and arrange your answers in

numerical order.Tear off the front page of this question paper and your answer sheets of

Section B, and tie both of them together with your answer sheets of Section C.

Values of constants are provided on page in this question paper.

Answers may be written in either English or Bahasa Malaysia.Pleasetearoffalongtheperforatedline.

(Silakoyakkandisepanjanggarisputus-putusini.)

Arahan kepada calon:

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUAT

DEMIKIAN.

Ada lima belas soalan dalam Bahagian A. Bagi setiap soalan, empat pilihan jawapan diberikan.

Pilih satu jawapan yang betul dan tandakan jawapan itu pada Borang Jawapan Aneka Pilihan yang

dibekalkan. Baca arahan pada Borang Jawapan Aneka Pilihan itu dengan teliti. Jawab semua soalan.

Markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang salah.

Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian B. Tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan.Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam Bahagian C. Semua jalan kerja yang sesuai hendaklah

ditunjukkan. Bagi jawapan berangka, unit hendaklah dinyatakan di mana-mana yang sesuai. Mulakan

setiap jawapan pada helaian kertas jawapan yang baharu dan susun jawapan anda mengikut tertib

berangka.

Koyakkan muka hadapan kertas soalan ini dan helaian jawapan anda bagi Bahagian B, dan ikatkan

kedua-duanya bersama-sama dengan helaian jawapan anda bagi Bahagian C.

Nilai pemalar dibekalkan pada halaman kertas soalan ini.

Jawapan boleh ditulis dalam bahasa Inggeris atau Bahasa Malaysia.

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BLANK PAGE

960/1

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HALAMAN KOSONG

960/1

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Section A [15 marks]

Answerall questions in this section.

1 Which formula does not have the same unit as work?

A Power time

B Pressure volume

C Mass gravitational potential

D Specific heat capacity temperature

2 A ball is thrown upwards several times with the same speed at different angles of projection.

Which graph shows the variation of the horizontal rangeR with the angle of projection ?

3 A body with mass 6 kg is acted by a force Fwhich varies with time t as shown in the graph

below.

If the change of the momentum of the body after time Tis 30 N s, what is the value ofT?

A 3 s B 5 s C 6 s D 12 s

960/1

10

T t/s

F/N

0

C D

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Bahagian A [15 markah]

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1 Rumus yang manakahyang tidak mempunyai unit yang sama dengan kerja?

A Kuasa masa

B Tekanan isi padu

C Jisim keupayaan graviti

D Muatan haba tentu suhu

2 Sebiji bola dilontarkan ke atas beberapa kali dengan laju yang sama pada sudut pelontaran yang

berbeza. Graf yang manakah yangmenunjukkan ubahan julat mengufukR dengan sudut pelontaran

?

3 Satu jasad dengan jisim 6 kg ditindakkan oleh satu daya F yang berubah dengan masa t

ditunjukkan dalam graf di bawah.

Jika perubahan momentum jasad itu selepas masa Tialah 30 N s, berapakah nilai T?

A 3 s B 5 s C 6 s D 12 s

960/1

C D

10

T t/s

F/N

0

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4 Which statement is true of the static friction between two surfaces?

A It is always constant.

B It depends on the surface area.

C It depends on the nature of the surfaces.

D It isalways smaller than the kinetic friction.

5 A car of mass m with effective power P and initial velocity u climbs a hill of height h. The car

arrives at the peak of the hill at velocity v in time t. Which is true of the motion?

A mghmvmuPt22

2

1

2

1

B mghmumvPt22

2

1

2

1

C22

2

1

2

1mvmumghPt

D22

2

1

2

1mumvmghPt

6 A car of mass 1000 kg moves along the corner of a level road having a radius of curvature 35.0 m.

If the limiting frictional force between the tyres and the road is 4.0 kN, the maximum speed of the car

without skidding at the corner is

A 4.0 m s1

B 8.8 m s1

C 11.8 m s1 D 140.0 m s

1

7 If the gravitational field strength at a certain region is uniform,

A there is no work done on a mass displaced in that regionB the gravitational potential is the same at all points in that region

C the gravitational force on a mass is the same at all points in that region

D the gravitational potential energy is the same for all masses at all points in that region

8 A ladder PQ with the centre of massR resting on a wall QS is shown in the diagram below.

If the ladder is in equilibrium andthe resultant forces at P and Q are FP and FQ respectively, FP

and FQ must act through point

A R B S C T D U

960/1

R

P S

U

T

Q

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4 Penyataan yang manakah yang benar tentang geseran statik antara dua permukaan?

A Ia sentiasa malar.

B Ia bergantung kepada luas permukaan itu.

C Ia bergantung kepada sifat permukaan itu.

D Ia sentiasa lebih kecil daripada geseran kinetik.

5 Sebuah kereta berjisim m dengan kuasa berkesan P dan halaju awal u mendaki sebuah bukit

setinggi h. Kereta itu tiba di puncak bukit pada halaju v dalam masa t. Yang manakah yang benar

tentang gerakan itu?

A mghmvmuPt22

2

1

2

1

B mghmumvPt22

2

1

2

1

C22

2

1

2

1

mvmumghPt

D22

2

1

2

1mumvmghPt

6 Sebuah kereta berjisim 1000 kg bergerak melalui satu selekoh jalan raya yang rata yang

mempunyai jejari kelengkungan 35.0 m. Jika had daya geseran antara tayar dengan jalan raya ialah

4.0 kN, laju maksimum tanpa tergelincir kereta pada selekoh itu ialah

A 4.0 m s1

B 8.8 m s1

C 11.8 m s1 D 140.0 m s

1

7 Jika kekuatan medan graviti di suatu kawasan adalah seragam,

A tiada kerja dilakukan ke atas jisim yang tersesar di kawasan itu

B keupayaan graviti adalah sama di semua titik di kawasan itu

C dayagraviti ke atas jisim adalah sama di semua titik di kawasan itu

D tenaga keupayaan graviti adalah sama bagi semua jisim di semua titik di kawasan itu

8 Satu tangga PQ dengan pusat jisimR yang bersandar pada dinding QS ditunjukkan dalam gambar

rajah di bawah.

Jika tangga itu berada dalam keseimbangan dan daya paduan di P dan Q masing-masing ialah FP

dan FQ, FP dan FQ mesti bertindak melalui titik

A R B S C T D U

960/1

R

P S

U

T

Q

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9 Which of the following best shows the stiffness of a solid?

A Youngs modulus

B Elastic limit

C Yield point

D Tensile strength

10 The temperature of two moles of a diatomic gas is raised by 8.0 C from room temperature. The

increase in the internal energy of the gas is

A 2.0 102

J B 3.3 102

J C 7.0 103

J D 1.2 104

J

11 The ratio of the molar heat capacity of an ideal gas is 1.4. What is the number of degrees of

freedom of the gas?

A 3 B 5 C 6 D 7

12 Molar heat capacity at constant pressure differs from molar heat capacity at constant volumebecause

A the internal energy of the gas is higher at constant pressure

B extra heat is required to expand the gas at constant pressure

C extra heat is required to increase the degree of freedom of the gas at constant volume

D work is required to overcome the attractive force between molecules which is stronger at

constant pressure

13 An ideal gas in a cylinder is compressed isothermally. Which statement is true of the gas?

A No work is done on the gas.

B Heat is released from the gas.

C Theinternal energy of the gas increases.

D The potential energy of the gas molecules increases.

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9 Yang manakah yang paling baik menunjukkan kekakuan suatu pepejal?

A Modulus Youngs

B Had kenyal

C Titik alah

D Kekuatan tegangan

10 Suhu dua mol gas dwiatom dinaikkan sebanyak 8.0 C dari suhu bilik. Pertambahan tenaga dalam

bagi gas itu ialah

A 2.0 102

J B 3.3 102

J C 7.0 103

J D 1.2 104

J

11 Nisbah muatan haba molar suatu gas unggul ialah 1.4. Berapakah bilangan darjah kebebasan gas

itu?

A 3 B 5 C 6 D 7

12 Muatan haba molar pada tekanan malar berbeza daripada muatan haba molar pada isi padu molarkerana

A tenaga dalam suatu gas adalah lebih tinggi pada tekanan malar

B haba tambahan diperlukan untuk mengembangkan gas pada tekanan malar

C haba tambahan diperlukan untuk meningkatkan darjah kebebasan gas pada isi padu malar

D kerja diperlukan untuk mengatasi daya tarikan antara molekul yang lebih kuat pada tekanan

malar

13 Suatu gas unggul dalam satu silinder dimampatkan secara isoterma. Penyataan yang manakah

yang benar tentang gas itu?

A Tiada kerja dilakukan ke atas gas.

B Haba dibebaskan daripada gas.

C Tenaga dalam gas itu meningkat.

D Tenaga keupayaan molekul gas meningkat.

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14 Two perfectly insulated uniform rods R and S of the same material joined thermally is shown in

the diagram below.

The length of rodR is two times the length of rod S. The cross-sectional area of rod R is half the

cross-sectional area of rod S. If the free ends ofR and S are fixed at 100 C and 50 C respectively,

what is the temperature at the junction of rodR and rod S?

A 55 C B 60 C C 75 C D 90 C

15 The Sun continuously radiates energy into space, some of which is received by the Earth. The

average temperature on the surface of the Earth remains at about 300 K becauseA the Earth reflects the Suns light

B the thermal conductivity of the Earth is low

C the Earth radiates an amount of energy into space equal to the amount it absorbed

D the energy only raises the temperature of the upper atmosphere and never reaches the

surface

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Insulator

Insulator

R100 C 50 CS

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14 Dua rod seragamR dan S yang bertebat dengan sempurna daripada bahan yang sama disambung

secara terma ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah.

Panjang rod R adalah dua kali panjang rod S. Luas keratan rentas rod R adalah setengah luas

keratan rentas rod S. Jika hujung bebas R dan S masing-masing ditetapkan pada 100 C and 50 C,

berapakah suhu pada simpang rodR dan rod S?

A 55 C B 60 C C 75 C D 90 C

15 Matahari secara berterusan menyinarkan tenaga ke dalam angkasa, sebahagian daripadanya

diterima oleh Bumi. Purata suhu pada permukaan Bumi kekal pada 300 K keranaA Bumi memantulkan cahaya Matahari

B kekonduksian terma Bumi adalah rendah

C Bumi menyinarkan amaun tenaga yang sama dengan amaun tenaga yang diserapnya ke dalam

angkasa

D tenaga hanya meningkatkan suhu atmosfera atas dan tidak pernah sampai ke permukaan

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Penebat

Penebat

R100 C 50 CS

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HALAMAN KOSONG

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Silakoyakkandisepanjanggarisputus-putusini

.

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Section B[15 marks]


16 A wire with cross-sectional area 0.50 mm2and length 20.0 cm is pulled at both ends by a force of

55 N as shown in the diagram below.

(a) Determine the stress in the wire. [2 marks]

(b) If the extension is 0.40 cm, calculate the strain in the wire. [2 marks]

(c) Determine the Youngs modulus of the wire. [2 marks]

(d) Calculate the strain energy stored in the wire. [2 marks]

17 (a) State two assumptions of an ideal gas. [2 marks]

(b) State two physical conditions under which a gas behave as an ideal gas. [2 marks]

(c) A 0.035 m3

gas tank contains 7.0 kg of butane gas. Assuming that the gas behaves as an ideal

gas, calculate its pressure at 27 C. [3 marks]

[The molecular mass of butane is 58 g mol1

.]

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F= 55 NF= 55 N Wire

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Bahagian B[15 markah]


16 Satu dawai dengan luas kerata rentas 0.50 mm2

dan panjang 20.0 cm ditarik di kedua-dua hujung

oleh satu daya 55 N seperti ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah.

(a) Tentukan tegasan dalam dawai itu. [2 markah]

(b) Jika pemanjangan ialah 0.40 cm, hitung terikan dalam dawai itu. [2 markah]

(c) Tentukan modulus Young dawai itu. [2 markah]

(d) Hitung tenaga terikan yang tersimpan dalam dawai itu. [2 markah]

17 (a) Nyatakan dua anggapan suatu gas unggul. [2 markah]

(b) Nyatakan dua syarat fizikal yang mana satu gas bertindak sebagai satu gas unggul.[2 markah]

(c) Sebuah tangki gas 0.035 m3

mengandungi 7.0 kg gas butana. Andaikan bahawa gas itu

bertindak sebagai satu gas unggul, hitung tekanannya pada 27 C. [3 markah]

[Jisim molekul butana ialah 58 g mol1

.]

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F= 55 NF= 55 N Dawai

Silakoyakkandisepanjanggarisputus-putusini.

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HALAMAN KOSONG

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Section C[30 marks]

Answer any two questions in this section.

18 (a) (i) State the principle of conservation of linear momentum. [2 marks]

(ii) In a perfect elastic collision, the total kinetic energy is conserved. Discuss a case wherethe total kinetic energy is lost completely after a collision between two objects. [2 marks]

(b) An object of massMis moving with velocity u, and collides elastically with another object of

mass m at rest. After the collision,Mand m move with velocities v1 and v2 respectively.

(i) Write the equations to show the conservation of the kinetic energy and the conservation

of the linear momentum. [2 marks]

(ii) Using the equations in (b)(i), obtain a relationship between u, v1 and v2. [3 marks]

(iii) Determine the condition required for the object of mass M to stop after the collision.

[3 marks]

(iv) IfM= 40.0 g, m = 60.0 g and u = 8.0 m s1, calculate the percentage change in kineticenergy of the object of massMafter the collision. [3 marks]

19 (a) (i) State Newtons law of universal gravitation. [2 marks]

(ii) Explain why the force of gravity of the Earth on an object causes the object to

accelerate towards the Earth. [2 marks]

(b) The weight of a satellite in a circular orbit around the Earth is half of its weight on the surface

of the Earth. The mass of the satellite is 8.0 102

kg.

(i) Determine the altitude of the orbit. [3 marks]

(ii) Determine the speed of the satellite. [2 marks]

(iii) Determine the minimum energy required by the satellite to escape from its orbit to

space. [3 marks]

(iv) If the satellite is replaced with another satellite of mass 1.6 103

kg, state the effect on

your answers for (i), (ii) and (iii). . [3 marks]

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Bahagian C[30 markah]

Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

18 (a) (i) Nyatakan prinsip keabadian momentum linear. [2 markah]

(ii) Dalam satu perlanggaran elastik yang sempurna, jumlah tenaga kinetik diabadikan.Bincangkan satu kes dengan jumlah tenaga kinetik hilang sepenuhnya selepas perlanggaran antara dua

objek. [2 markah]

(b) Satu objek berjisimMbergerak dengan halaju u, dan berlanggar secara elastik dengan objek

lain berjisim m yang berada dalam keadaan rehat. Selepas perlanggaran,Mdan m bergerak masing-

masing dengan halaju v1 dan v2.

(i) Tuliskan persamaan untuk menunjukkan keabadian tenaga kinetik dan keabadian

momentum linear. [2 markah]

(ii) Dengan menggunakan persamaan dalam (b)(i), dapatkan satu perhubungan antara u, v1,

dan v2. [3 markah]

(iii) Tentukan syarat yang diperlukan bagi objek berjisim M itu untuk berhenti selepasperlanggaran. [3 markah]

(iv) Jika M = 40.0 g, m = 60.0 g, dan u = 8.0 m s1

, hitung peratusan perubahan tenaga

kinetik objek berjisimMitu selepas perlanggaran. [3 markah]

19 (a) (i) Nyatakan hukum kegravitian semesta Newton. [2 markah]

(ii) Jelaskan mengapa daya graviti Bumi pada satu objek menyebabkan objek itu memecut

ke arah Bumi. [2 markah]

(b) Berat satu satelit dalam satu orbit bulat yang mengelilingi Bumi ialah setengah daripada

beratnya pada permukaan Bumi. Jisim satelit itu ialah 8.0 102

kg.

(i) Tentukan altitud orbit itu. [3 markah]

(ii) Tentukan laju satelit itu. [2 markah]

(iii) Tentukan tenaga minimum yang diperlukan oleh satelit untuk terlepas dari orbitnya ke

angkasa. [3 markah]

(iv) Jika satelit itu digantikan dengan satelit yang lain berjisim 1.6 103

kg, nyatakan kesan

pada jawapan anda dalam (i), (ii), dan (iii). [3 markah]

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20 (a) (i) State the first law of thermodynamics. [2 marks]

(ii) Using the first law of thermodynamics, explain the changes due to the work done in an

isothermal expansion and an adiabatic expansion for an ideal gas. [5 marks]

(b) A pump which is used to compress air into a big tank is shown in the diagram below.

Initially the air in the pump is at atmospheric pressure 1.01 105

Pa and temperature 300 K. The

pump has a uniform cylindrical space of length 0.300 m, and the valve opens when the air in the pump

exceeds a pressure of 6.25 105

Pa. Assuming that the compression is adiabatic and that the air

behaves as a diatomic ideal gas,(i) determine the distance for which the piston moves before the air starts to enter the tank,

[4 marks]

(ii) determine the temperature of the compressed air, [2 marks]

(iii) determine the work done by the pump to fill 50.0 mol of air into the tank. [2 marks]

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0.300 m

Valve PistonTo tank

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20 (a) (i) Nyatakan hukum termodinamik pertama. [2 markah]

(ii) Dengan menggunakan hukum termodinamik pertama, jelaskan perubahan yang

disebabkan oleh kerja yang dilakukan dalam pengembangan isoterma dan pengembangan adiabatik

bagi satu gas unggul. [5 markah]

(b) Satu pam yang digunakan untuk memampatkan udara ke dalam satu tangki besar ditunjukkan

dalam gambar rajah di bawah.

Pada awalnya udara di dalam pam ialah pada tekanan atmosfera1.01 105

Pa dan suhu 300 K.

Pam itu mempunyai ruang silinder yang seragam dengan panjang 0.300 m, dan injap terbuka apabilaudara di dalam pam melebihi tekanan 6.25 105

Pa. Andaikan bahawa mampatan itu ialah mampatan

adiabatik dan udaranya bertindak sebagai satu gas unggul dwiatom,

(i) tentukan jarak pada ketika piston bergerak sebelum udara mula memasuki tangki,

[4 markah]

(ii) tentukan suhu udara yang termampat, [2 markah]

(iii) tentukan kerja yang dilakukan oleh pam untuk memenuhkan 50.0 mol udara ke dalam

tangki itu. [2 markah]

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0.300 m

Injap PistonKe tangki

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Values of constants

(Nilai Pemalar)

Acceleration of free fall (Pecutan jatuh bebas) g = 9.81 m s2

Avogadro constant (Pemalar Avogadro) NA = 6.02 1023

mol1

Boltzmann constant (Pemalar Boltzmann) k, kB = 1.38 1023

J K1

Gravitational constant (Pemalar graviti) G = 6.67 1011

N m2kg

2

Magnitude of electronic

charge

(Magnitud cas elektron) e = 1.60 1019

C

Mass of the Earth (Jisim Bumi) ME = 5.97 1024

kg

Mass of the Sun (Jisim Matahari) MS = 1.99 1030

kg

Molar gas constant (Pemalar gas molar) R = 8.31 J K1

mol1

Permeability of free space (Ketelapan ruang bebas)0

= 4 107

H m1

Permittivity of free space (Ketelusan ruang bebas)0

= 8.85 1012

F m1

=19

mF1036

1

Plancks constant (Pemalar Planck) h = 6.63 10 34 J s

Radius of the Earth (Jejari Bumi) RE = 6.38 106m

Radius of the Sun (Jejari Matahari) RS = 6.96 108m

Rest mass of electron (Jisim rehat elektron)em

= 9.11 1031

kg

Rest mass of proton (Jisim rehat proton)pm = 1.67 10

27kg

Speed of light in free space (Laju cahaya dalam ruang bebas) c = 3.00 108 m s 1

Stefan-Boltzmann constant (Pemalar Stefan-Boltzmann) =

5.67 108

W m2

K4

Unified atomic mass unit (Unit jisim atom bersatu) u = 1.66 1027

kg

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Identity card number:.. Centre number/index number:.

(Nombor kad pengenalan) (Nombor pusat/angka giliran)

55

SPECIMEN PAPER

960/2 STPM

PHYSICS (FIZIK)

PAPER 2 (KERTAS 2)

One and a half hours (Satu jam setengah)

MAJLIS PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA(MALAYSIAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL)

SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE)

This question paper consists of printed pages and blank page.

(Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada halaman bercetak dan halaman kosong.)

Majlis Peperiksaan MalaysiaSTPM 960/2

For examiners use(Untuk kegunaan

pemeriksa)

Section B

(Bahagian B)

16

17

Section C

(Bahagian C)

Total

(Jumlah)

Instructions to candidates:

DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARETOLD TO DO SO.

There are fifteen questions in Section A. For each question, four choices

of answers are given. Choose one correct answer and indicate it on the

Multiple-choice Answer Sheet provided. Read the instructions on the

Multiple-choice Answer Sheet very carefully. Answer all questions. Marks

will not be deducted for wrong answers.

Answer all questions in Section B. Write your answers in the spaces

provided.

Answer any two questions in Section C. All essential working should be

shown. For numerical answers, unit should be quoted wherever appropriate.

Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper and arrange your answers in

numerical order.Tear off the front page of this question paper and your answer sheets of

Section B, and tie both of them together with your answer sheets of Section C.

Values of constants are provided on page in this question paper.

Answers may be written in either English or Bahasa Malaysia.Pleasetea

roffalongtheperforatedline.

(Silakoyakkan

disepanjanggarisputus-putusini.)

Arahan kepada calon:

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUAT

DEMIKIAN.

Ada lima belas soalan dalam Bahagian A. Bagi setiap soalan, empat pilihan jawapan diberikan.

Pilih satu jawapan yang betul dan tandakan jawapan itu pada Borang Jawapan Aneka Pilihan yang

dibekalkan. Baca arahan pada Borang Jawapan Aneka Pilihan itu dengan teliti. Jawab semua soalan.

Markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang salah.

Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian B. Tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan.Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam Bahagian C. Semua jalan kerja yang sesuai hendaklah

ditunjukkan. Bagi jawapan berangka, unit hendaklah dinyatakan di mana-mana yang sesuai. Mulakan

setiap jawapan pada helaian kertas jawapan yang baharu dan susun jawapan anda mengikut tertib

berangka.

Koyakkan muka hadapan kertas soalan ini dan helaian jawapan anda bagi Bahagian B, dan ikatkan

kedua-duanya bersama-sama dengan helaian jawapan anda bagi Bahagian C.

Nilai pemalar dibekalkan pada halaman kertas soalan ini.

Jawapan boleh ditulis dalam bahasa Inggeris atau Bahasa Malaysia.

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HALAMAN KOSONG

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Section A [15 marks]


1 A Gaussian surface encloses a chargeof 2.0 C in vacuum. What is the electric flux through the

surface?

A 1.8 1017

V m

B 4.4 106

V m

C 1.8 104

V m

D 2.3 105

V m

2 Which statement is not true of an isolated charged conducting sphere?

A Electric field exists inside the conductor.

B The potential in the conductor is constant.

C The charge distribution on the conductor is uniform.

D The charge is distributed only on the surface of the conductor.

3 The space between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor needs to be completely filled by a

dielectric material to increase its capacitance. Which will give the highest capacitance?

Dielectric material Permittivity Thickness

A Teflon 2 0 0.4 mm

B Quartz 3 0 0.8 mm

C Glass 4 0 1.0 mm

D Mica 5 0 1.2 mm

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Bahagian A [15 markah]


1 Satu permukaan Gauss mengurungi cas 2.0 C dalam vakum. Berapakah fluks elektrik menerusi

permukaan itu?

A 1.8 1017

V m

B 4.4 106

V m

C 1.8 104

V m

D 2.3 105

V m

2 Penyataan yang manakah yang tidak benar tentang cas terpencil sfera pengkonduksi?

A Medan elektrik wujud di dalam konduktor.

B Keupayaan di dalam konduktor adalah malar.

C Taburan cas pada konduktor adalah seragam.

D Cas ditaburkan hanya pada permukaan konduktor.

3 Ruang di antara plat-plat satu kapasitor plat selari perlu dipenuhkan selengkapnya dengan bahan

dielektrik untuk meningkatkan nilai kapasitans. Yang manakah yang akan memberikan kapasitans

yang paling tinggi?

Bahan dielektrik Ketelusan Ketebalan

A Teflon 2 0 0.4 mm

B Kuartz 3 0 0.8 mm

C Kaca 4 0 1.0 mm

D Mika 5 0 1.2 mm

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4 A switch S connected to terminal 1 at time t= 0 is shown in the circuit diagram below.

When the voltmeter reading has reached V0 at time t= T, the switch S is flipped to terminal 2.

Which graph shows the correct variation of voltmeter reading Vwith time t?

5 The equation which relates the electrical conductivity of the material of a conductor with other

quantities is2

,ne t

mwhere n, e and m are symbols with the usual meaning. t in the equation

represents

A the thickness of the conductor

B the mean distance between adjacent atoms in the conductor

C the mean time between the collisions of free electrons with lattice ions

D the mean time for a free electron to move from one end to the other end of the conductor

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SS

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4 Satu suisS yang disambungkan ke terminal 1 pada masa t= 0 ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah

litar di bawah.

Apabila bacaan voltmeter telah mencapai V0 pada masat= T,suis S ditukar ke terminal 2. Graf

yang manakah yang menunjukkan dengan betul ubahan bacaan voltmeter Vdengan masa t?

5 Persamaan yang mengaitkan kekonduksian elektrik bahan suatu konduktor dengan kuantiti-

kuantiti lain ialah2

,ne t

mdengann, e, dan m adalah simbol yang membawa makna yang biasa. t

dalam persamaan itu mewakili

A ketebalan konduktor itu

B min jarak antara atom-atom bersebelahan dalam konduktor itu

C min masa antara perlanggaran elektron bebas dengan ion kekisi

D min masa bagi satu elektron bebas untuk bergerak dari satu hujung konduktor ke hujung yang

lain

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S

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6 When a potential difference V is applied across two ends of a copper wire with diameter dand

lengthL, the drift velocity of the electrons is v. If a copper wire of diameter2

dand length

4

Lwith

potential difference of 2Vapplied across the two ends, the drift velocity, in terms ofv, is

A v B 2v C 4v D 8v

7 A cell of e.m.f. connected to three identical bulbs R, S and Tand a rheostatXYis shown in thecircuit diagram below.

If the contact P of the rheostat is adjusted towards Y, which statement is true of the changes in the

brightness of the three bulbs?

A R, S and Tbecome brighter.

B R and Tbecome brighter, but S becomes dimmer.

C R becomes brighter, but S and Tbecome dimmer.

D R and S become brighter, but Tbecomes dimmer.

8 A potentiometer with a 100 cm wireXYis shown in the circuit diagram below.

Eis a dry cell of e.m.f. 1.5 V and internal resistance 0.50 .R is a resistor of 2.0 . When switch

Kis open, the balance point P fromXis 75 cm.When switch Kis closed, the new balance point from

Xis

A 30 cm B 40 cm C 60 cm D 75 cm

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S

R

PX

Y

T

XP

Y

K

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6 Apabila beza keupayaan Vdikenakan merentas dua hujung satu dawai kuprum dengan garis pusat

ddan panjangL, halaju hanyut elektron ialah v. Jika satu dawai kuprum bergaris pusat2

ddan panjang

4

Ldengan beza keupayaan 2Vdikenakan merentas dua hujung, halaju hanyut, dalam sebutan v, ialah

A v B 2v C 4v D 8v

7 Satu sel dengan d.g.e disambungkan ke tiga mentolR, S, dan Tyang seiras dan satu reostat XYditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah litar di bawah.

Jika sesentuh P reostat dilaraskan ke arah Y, penyataan yang manakah yang benar tentang

perubahan kecerahan tiga mentol itu?

A R, S, dan Tmenjadi lebih cerah.

B R dan Tmenjadi lebih cerah, tetapi S menjadi malap.

C R menjadi lebih cerah, tetapi S dan Tmenjadi malap.

D R dan S menjadi lebih cerah, tetapi Tmenjadi malap.

8 Satu potentiometer dengan 100 cm dawaiXYditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah litar di bawah.

E ialah sel kering dengan d.g.e. 1.5 V dan rintangan dalam 0.50 . R ialah perintang 2.0 .

Apabila suis K dibuka, titik seimbang P daripada X ialah 75 cm. Apabila suis K ditutup, titik

seimbang daripadaX yang baharu ialah

A 30 cm B 40 cm C 60 cm D 75 cm

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S

R

PX

Y

T

XP

Y

K

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9 An electron moves into a uniform magnetic field with a certain velocity. If the velocity of the

electron is in the same direction as the magnetic field,

A the electron accelerates

B the electron decelerates

C the electron continues to move with its original velocity

D the electron is deflected and moves in a circle at constant speed

10 Four parallel wires passing through the four vertices of a square WXYZ is shown in the diagram

below.

These wires carry currents of equal magnitude in the directions shown. The resultant magnetic

field at the centre O of the square is in the direction of

A OM

B ON

C OP

D OQ

11 Which statement is true of Hall effect?

A The Hall voltage for ordinary metal is a few volts.

B Hall effect can be used to determine the type of charge carrier.

C The Hall voltage is not dependent on the dimensions of the material.

D The electric force by the Hall voltage on the charge carriers exceeds the magnetic force.

960 SP Physics 2012

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