9.2 Copying DNA KEY CONCEPT The polymerase chain reaction rapidly copies segments of DNA.
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Transcript of 9.2 Copying DNA KEY CONCEPT The polymerase chain reaction rapidly copies segments of DNA.
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9.2 Copying DNA
KEY CONCEPT The polymerase chain reaction rapidly copies segments of DNA.
![Page 2: 9.2 Copying DNA KEY CONCEPT The polymerase chain reaction rapidly copies segments of DNA.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f285503460f94c41511/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
9.2 Copying DNA
PCR uses polymerases to copy DNA segments.
• PCR makes many copies of a specific DNA sequence in a few hours.
target sequence of DNA
• PCR amplifies DNA samples.• PCR is similar to DNA replication.
![Page 3: 9.2 Copying DNA KEY CONCEPT The polymerase chain reaction rapidly copies segments of DNA.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f285503460f94c41511/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
9.2 Copying DNA
PCR is a three-step process.
• PCR uses four materials.– DNA to be copied– DNA polymerase– A, T, C, and G nucleotides– two primers
DNA strands
polymerase
nucleotides
primer 1
primer 2
![Page 4: 9.2 Copying DNA KEY CONCEPT The polymerase chain reaction rapidly copies segments of DNA.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f285503460f94c41511/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
9.2 Copying DNA
DNA strands
polymerase
nucleotides
primer 1
primer 2
• The three steps of PCR occur in a cycle.
– heat is used to separate double-stranded DNA molecules
– primers bind to each DNA strand on opposite ends of the segment to be copied
– DNA polymerase binds nucleotides together to form new strands of DNA
![Page 5: 9.2 Copying DNA KEY CONCEPT The polymerase chain reaction rapidly copies segments of DNA.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56649f285503460f94c41511/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
9.2 Copying DNA
• Each PCR cycle doubles the number of DNA molecules.