9.00 Introduction to Psychology Professor S. Pinker Week ...
9.00 Introduction to Psychology
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Transcript of 9.00 Introduction to Psychology
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9.00 Introduction to Psychology
Talia Konkle1 Mar 07
What do you see?
… When you see it, KEEP IT TO YOURSELF!
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Pop Quiz
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Review: Vision
Discussion:DEMOS!
Timekeeper?
Logistics:Turn in PapersPeer Editing Guidelines
The Plan for today :
:15
:35
:50
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Visual Themes
- our sense of the world is “constructed” from the input
- processing of the world is highly dependent on our visual experience
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W. W. Norton
World
Retina
LGN
V1
“What” “Where”
Basic Visual Pathway
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Retina
light
rods and cones
bipolar cells
ganglion cells
(optic nerve) parvo
magnoblindspot
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W. W. Norton
World
Retina
LGN
V1
“What” “Where”
Basic Visual Pathway
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W. W. Norton
World
Retina
LGN
V1
“What” “Where”
Basic Visual Pathway
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Where
What
V1
“What vs Where”
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Receptive Field
visual field neuron in V1
Retinotopy
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Associative Apperceptive
AGNOSIAS
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other questions about the lectures?
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That’s good and all…
Now show me what it all does!
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Color opponency, receptor adaptation
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Color opponency, receptor adaptation
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The visual system adjusts itself.
• In time.• In space.
• Why does it adjust?– sensitivity and gain?– neural fatigue?– adjustment of priors? (effects in the opposite
direction) – Error correction?
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Simultaneous [blur] contrast(adjustment in space)
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Face adaptation(adjustment in time)
split class in half for demo…
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Face adaptation(adjustment in time)
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Face adaptation(adjustment in time)
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Sensitivity to ChangesAutomatic Role of context
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Cornsweet illusion: changes in luminance
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Sensitivity to context
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Kaniza triangle
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phi
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phi
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bistable phi
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bistable phi
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Expectations and beliefs influence visual processing
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A stimulus in context
A B C2
4
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Only reasonable 3D interpretations come to mind….
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Bio motion(Gestalt, or expectations?)
• http://www.biomotionlab.ca/Demos/BMLwalker.html
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Change blindness
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What does this say about our perception and memory of the
world?
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Get Ready…
I’m going to show you a picture
and I want you to remember it!
(you’ll have 3 seconds)
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+
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Which One Did You See?
A B
C D
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Which One Did You See?
A B C D
too close too far
correct answer
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Boundary EffectBackground
Intraub and Richardson (1989)Intraub and Bodamer (1993)Intraub (2002)Bertamini (2005)
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tenuous perception and representation of our world?
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Attention
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Visual Search
Search for the red vertical
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Pretty easy.
Search for the red vertical
again
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Harder?
Guiding attention by color… pretty easy
Guiding attention by color AND orientation, more difficult
one more time, find the red vertical
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How do we explain this?feature maps
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Multiple object tracking
• Spotlight metaphor of attention.
• Can you split it?
demos
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Is the minds eye different than the real eye?
A little on mental imagery
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Hemispatial neglect extends to mental imagery
Bisiach and Luzzati (1978)
Insights from the Clinical Neuropsychology
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Removal of Primary Visual Cortex leads to…
(Farah 2000)
Reduced visual angle of mental imagery workspace
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Imagery and Skill LearningFeltz and Landers, 1983 Meta-analysis of imagery studies in performance benefit
Generally accepted that visualization helps performance, (but not as much as actual practice)
Since then there’s been a hunt for the underlying neural mechanisms …
Putting Imagery: (Tayler and Shaw, 2002)- golfers imagine made or missed puts- missed-putt imagers did worse than no imagery at all!
though…
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a little on visual substitution systems
can we use our other modalities to see?
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tvss avss
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Logistica
1. swap papers
(write email address on it!)
2. handout peer edit guideliens
DUE BY EMAILMONDAY 10pm
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Extra slides
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CSF
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Change blindness.
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Change blindness.
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Change blindness.
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