Katalog Produk Waroeng Domba : Obat Ternak & Peralatan Ternak
9. PROGRAM BREEDING Perbandingan penerapan program ... · Perbandingan penerapan program breeding...
Transcript of 9. PROGRAM BREEDING Perbandingan penerapan program ... · Perbandingan penerapan program breeding...
9. PROGRAM BREEDING
TERNAK RUMINANSIA
DI DAERAH TROPIS
DAN SUB TROPIS
Perbandingan penerapan program breeding ternak
ruminansia dalam peningkatan kualitas genetik ternak
di Indonesia dan dunia (kel 1)
10. PROGRAM BREEDING
TERNAK NON-
RUMINANSIA DI
DAERAH TROPIS DAN
SUB TROPIS
Perbandingan penerapan program breeding ternak non-
ruminansia dalam peningkatan kualitas genetik ternak
di Indonesia dan dunia (kel 2)
11. GENETIC
CONSERVATION
Program pelestarian ternak asli dan lokal Indonesia
(eks situ, in situ, laboratorium) Kel 3)
12. PEMBENTUKAN
BANGSA BARU
Pembentukan bangsa baru ternak ruminansia dan non-
ruminansia (kel 4)
13. APLIKASI
BIOTEKNOLOGI
DALAM PEMULIAAN
TERNAK
Kemajuan genetik dengan aplikasi bioteknologi (kel 5)
14. DISKUSI KELOMPOK
(III)
Penyusunan makalah tentang materi yang telah
diberikan (Materi VI-X): Pres kel-1-5 bahas kel 6-10
15. DISKUSI KELOMPOK
(IV)
Penyusunan makalah tentang materi yang telah
diberikan (Materi VI-X): ATAU TUGAS
MEMBUAT RANGKUMAN (Individual)
16. UJIAN AKHIR SEMESTER
Livestock and poultry breeds, globally
6,379 livestock and poultry breeds
Extinct740 breeds
Critical or
endangered1694 breeds
Other
3945 breedsSource: FAO
PROGRAM PELESTARIAN TERNAK ASLI DAN LOKAL
INDONESIA
(Ex situ, In Situ-Labo)
Domestic animal breeds at risk around the world
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Sheep
Cattle
Horse
Chicken
Goat
Pig
Ass
Duck
Turkey breeds at risk
breeds not at risk
Number of breeds
Largest diversity in developing countries
• With the introduction of industrial farm production
bio-diversity is vanishing at rapid rate; every year
about 34,000 plant and 5,200 animal species
disappear, a rate 50-100 times higher than the
losses expected through natural processes.
* About 1,000 of the 7,616 recognized livestock &
poultry breeds extinct in the last 100 years, and
300 of these alone during the last 15 years.
* Another 2,000 breeds are at stake if no
countermeasures for their conservation are taken.
Major reasons behind heritage loss:
• Non-adoption of breeding plan and unrestricted interbreeding among different breeds.
• Growing trend of global reliance on a limited number of selected breeds.
• Degradation of ecosystems.
• Fluctuating market requirements.
• Diseases and natural disasters.
• Political unrest and instability
PELESTARIAN INSITU
Pelestarian insitu adalah
pelestarian yang dilakukan di
habitat aslinya. Contoh pelestarian
insitu antara lain : ?????
PELESTARIAN EX SITU
Pelestraian ex situ adalah pelestarian
yang dilajukan di luar habitat aslinya.
POSISI INDONESIA ?
KEANEKARAGAMAN SPESIES (HEWAN)35 spesies primata, 515 mamalia(kedua di dunia), 515 reptilia (keempat didunia), 1531 spesies burung (kelima di dunia), 270 amfibi (keenam di dunia)
Catatan: Perlindungan materi genetikIlegal : hewan/ternak/sel/DNA
Why conserve diversity?
Exotic genetic resources not sustainable
Indiscriminate crossbreeding
Genetic resources for future needs
How to conserve diversity?
Mainstream biodiversity among:
- Public
- Political and technical decision makers
No agricultural diversity without domestic animal
diversity
the important contribution of communities in conserving domestic animal diversity. Domestic animals are key to agriculture and especially to food security. To safeguard domestic animal diversity is an essential step to maintain agricultural diversity as a whole!
Concept of Characterization and Conservation of Farm Animal Genetic Resources ??
Farm Animal Genetic Resources (AnGR) include all animal species, breeds and strains (and their wild relatives) that are of economic, scientific and cultural interest to humankind in terms of food and agricultural production for the
present or in the future.
Genetic Diversity in AnGR in India and Indonesia? ( NUMBER OF BREEDs)
Species As per World Watch
List
As per Indian
literature
Indonesia ?
Cattle 70 30
Buffalo 20 10
Yak 5 Nil -
Sheep 62 42
Goat 34 20
Horse 7 6
Donkey 3 Nil
Camel 9 (+1 Bactrian) 8
Pig 8 Nil
Rabbit 3 Nil
Fowl 19 15
Quail 2 Nil
Duck 6 Nil
Strategies for Characterization & Conservation
• Identification and listing of all the available animal genetic resources.
• Breed description and characterization to understand their unique qualities and potential contributions.
• Prioritizing the breed for characterization and conservation based on their population structure, economic utility and genetic diversity.
• Establishment of breed societies for conservation of the breed in-situ.
• Creation of data-base on indigenous animal genetic resources.
• Development of technology for collection and freezing of genetic material.
• Documentation and creation of mass awareness.