9. Meshing
53
9. Meshing
Transcript of 9. Meshing
9. M
eshi
ng
Mes
hing
Ove
rvie
w
�R
ecal
l tha
t mes
hing
is a
thre
e-st
ep p
roce
dure
:�
Def
ine
elem
ent a
ttrib
utes
�Sp
ecify
mes
h co
ntro
ls�
Gen
erat
e th
e m
esh
�In
this
cha
pter
, we
will
exp
and
on e
ach
of th
ese
step
s an
d al
so d
iscu
ss a
dditi
onal
mes
hing
opt
ions
.
�To
pics
cov
ered
:A
. M
ultip
le E
lem
ent A
ttrib
utes
E. H
ex-to
-Tet
Mes
hing
B.
Con
trol
ling
Mes
h D
ensi
tyF.
Mes
h Ex
trus
ion
C.
Cha
ngin
g a
Mes
hG
. Sw
eep
Mes
hing
D.
Map
ped
Mes
hing
H.
Wor
ksho
p
Mes
hing
A.
Mul
tiple
Ele
men
t Attr
ibut
es�
As
we
disc
usse
d ea
rlier
, eve
ry e
lem
ent h
as th
e fo
llow
ing
attr
ibut
es
asso
ciat
ed w
ith it
:�
Elem
ent t
ype
(TYP
E)�
Rea
l con
stan
ts (R
EAL)
�M
ater
ial p
rope
rtie
s (M
AT)
�M
ost F
EA m
odel
s ha
ve m
ultip
le a
ttrib
utes
. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
e si
losh
own
here
has
two
elem
ent t
ypes
, thr
ee re
al c
onst
ant s
ets,
and
two
mat
eria
ls.
MAT
1 =
con
cret
eM
AT 2
= s
teel
REA
L 1
= 3/
8� th
ickn
ess
REA
L 2
= be
am p
rope
rties
REA
L 3
= 1/
8� th
ickn
ess
TYPE
1 =
she
llTY
PE 2
= b
eam
Mes
hing
...M
ultip
le E
lem
ent A
ttrib
utes
�W
hene
ver y
ou h
ave
mul
tiple
TYPE
s,R
EALs
and
MA
Ts, y
ou
need
to m
ake
sure
that
eac
h el
emen
t is
assi
gned
the
prop
er
attr
ibut
es.
Ther
e ar
e th
ree
way
s to
do
this
:�
Ass
ign
attr
ibut
es to
the
solid
mod
el e
ntiti
es b
efor
e m
eshi
ng�
Act
ivat
e a
�glo
bal�
set
ting
of M
AT,
TYP
E, a
nd R
EAL
befo
re
mes
hing
�M
odify
ele
men
t attr
ibut
es a
fter m
eshi
ng
�If
no a
ssig
nmen
ts a
re m
ade,
AN
SYS
uses
def
ault
setti
ngs
of
MA
T=1,
TYP
E=1,
and
REA
L=1
for a
ll el
emen
ts in
the
mod
el.
Mes
hing
...M
ultip
le E
lem
ent A
ttrib
utes
Ass
igni
ng A
ttrib
utes
to th
e So
lid M
odel
1.D
efin
e al
l nec
essa
ry e
lem
ent t
ypes
, mat
eria
ls,
and
real
con
stan
t set
s.
2.Th
en u
se th
e �E
lem
ent A
ttrib
utes
� se
ctio
n of
th
eM
eshT
ool(
Prep
roce
ssor
>M
eshT
ool):
�C
hoos
e en
tity
type
and
pre
ss th
e SE
T bu
tton.
�Pi
ck th
e en
titie
s to
whi
ch y
ou w
ant t
o as
sign
at
trib
utes
.�
Set t
he a
ppro
pria
te a
ttrib
utes
in th
e su
bseq
uent
di
alog
box
.
Or s
elec
t the
des
ired
entit
ies
and
use
the
VATT
, AAT
T, L
ATT,
or K
ATT
com
man
d.
3.W
hen
you
mes
h an
ent
ity, i
ts a
ttrib
utes
are
au
tom
atic
ally
tran
sfer
red
to th
e el
emen
ts.
Mes
hing
...M
ultip
le E
lem
ent A
ttrib
utes
Usi
ng G
loba
l Attr
ibut
e Se
tting
s
1.D
efin
e al
l nec
essa
ry e
lem
ent t
ypes
, m
ater
ials
, and
real
con
stan
t set
s.
2.Th
en u
se th
e �E
lem
ent A
ttrib
utes
� se
ctio
n of
the
Mes
hToo
l(Pr
epro
cess
or >
Mes
hToo
l):�
Cho
ose
Glo
bala
nd p
ress
the
SET
butto
n.�
Act
ivat
e th
e de
sire
d co
mbi
natio
n of
at
trib
utes
in th
e �M
eshi
ng A
ttrib
utes
� di
alog
box
. W
e re
fer t
o th
ese
as th
e ac
tive
TYPE
, REA
L, a
nd M
AT
setti
ngs.
Or u
se th
e TY
PE, R
EAL,
and
MAT
com
man
ds.
3.M
esh
only
thos
e en
titie
s to
whi
ch th
e ab
ove
setti
ngs
appl
y.
Mes
hing
...M
ultip
le E
lem
ent A
ttrib
utes
Mod
ifyin
g El
emen
t Attr
ibut
es
1.D
efin
e al
l nec
essa
ry e
lem
ent t
ypes
, mat
eria
ls, a
nd re
al c
onst
ant
sets
.
2.A
ctiv
ate
the
desi
red
com
bina
tion
of T
YPE,
REA
L, a
nd M
AT
setti
ngs:
�Pr
epro
cess
or >
-Attr
ibut
es-D
efin
e >
Def
ault
Attri
bs...
�O
r use
the
TYPE
, REA
L, a
nd M
ATco
mm
ands
3.M
odify
the
attr
ibut
es o
f onl
y th
ose
elem
ents
to w
hich
the
abov
e se
tting
s ap
ply:
�Is
sue
EMO
DIF
,PIC
K or
cho
ose
Prep
roce
ssor
> M
ove/
Mod
iry>
-Ele
men
ts-
Mod
ify A
ttrib
�Th
en p
ick
the
desi
red
elem
ents
4.In
the
subs
eque
nt d
ialo
g bo
x,se
t attr
ibut
es to
�A
ll to
cur
rent
.�
Mes
hing
...M
ultip
le E
lem
ent A
ttrib
utes
Som
e po
ints
to k
eep
in m
ind:
�Yo
u ca
n ve
rify
elem
ent a
ttrib
utes
by
activ
atin
g at
trib
ute
num
berin
g:�
Util
ity M
enu
>Pl
otC
trls
> N
umbe
ring
�O
r /PN
UM
,attr
,ON
, whe
reat
trm
ay b
e TY
PE, M
AT,
or R
EAL
�El
emen
t attr
ibut
es a
ssig
ned
dire
ctly
to s
olid
mod
el e
ntiti
es w
ill
over
ride
the
defa
ult a
ttrib
ute
poin
ters
.
�B
y as
sign
ing
attr
ibut
es to
sol
id m
odel
ent
ities
, you
can
avo
id h
avin
g to
rese
t attr
ibut
es in
the
mid
dle
of m
eshi
ng o
pera
tions
. Th
is is
ad
vant
ageo
us b
ecau
se A
NSY
S m
eshi
ng a
lgor
ithm
s ar
e m
ost
effic
ient
whe
n m
eshi
ng a
ll en
titie
s at
onc
e.
�C
lear
ing
a so
lid m
odel
ent
ity o
f its
mes
h w
ill n
ot d
elet
e at
trib
ute
assi
gnm
ents
.
Mes
hing
B.
Con
trol
ling
Mes
h D
ensi
ty
�A
NSY
S pr
ovid
es m
any
tool
s to
con
trol
mes
h de
nsity
, bot
h on
a
glob
al a
nd lo
cal l
evel
:�
Glo
bal c
ontr
ols
�Sm
artS
izin
g�
Glo
bal e
lem
ent s
izin
g�
Def
ault
sizi
ng�
Loca
l con
trol
s�
Key
poin
t siz
ing
�Li
ne s
izin
g�
Are
a si
zing
Mes
hing
...C
ontr
ollin
g M
esh
Den
sity
Smar
tSiz
ing
�D
eter
min
es e
lem
ent s
izes
by
assi
gnin
g di
visi
ons
on a
ll lin
es,
taki
ng in
to a
ccou
nt c
urva
ture
of t
he li
ne, i
ts p
roxi
mity
to
hole
s an
d ot
her f
eatu
res,
and
ele
men
t ord
er.
�Sm
artS
izin
g is
off
by d
efau
lt, b
ut is
reco
mm
ende
dfo
r fre
e m
eshi
ng.
It do
es n
ot a
ffect
map
ped
mes
hing
. (F
ree
mes
hing
vs
. map
ped
mes
hing
will
be
disc
usse
d la
ter.)
Mes
hing
...C
ontr
ollin
g M
esh
Den
sity
�To
use
Sm
artS
izin
g:�
Brin
g up
the
Mes
hToo
l (Pr
epro
cess
or >
Mes
hToo
l),
turn
on
Smar
tSiz
ing,
and
set
the
desi
red
size
leve
l.�
Or u
se S
MR
T,level
�Si
ze le
vel r
ange
s fr
om 1
(ver
y fin
e) to
10
(ver
y co
arse
). D
efau
lts to
6.
�Th
en m
esh
all v
olum
es (o
r all
area
s) a
t onc
e, ra
ther
th
an o
ne-b
y-on
e.
Mes
hing
...C
ontr
ollin
g M
esh
Den
sity
�Ex
ampl
es o
f diff
eren
t Sm
artS
ize
leve
ls a
re s
how
n he
re fo
r a
tetr
ahed
ron
mes
h.
�A
dvan
ced
Smar
tSiz
e co
ntro
ls,
such
as
mes
h ex
pans
ion
and
tran
sitio
n fa
ctor
s, a
re a
vaila
ble
on th
e SM
RT
com
man
d (o
r Pr
epro
cess
or >
-Mes
hing
-Siz
e C
ntrls
> -S
mar
tSiz
e-Ad
v O
pts.
..)
�Yo
u ca
n tu
rn o
ff Sm
artS
izin
g us
ing
the
Mes
hToo
l or b
y is
suin
g sm
rt,of
f.
Mes
hing
...C
ontr
ollin
g M
esh
Den
sity
Glo
bal E
lem
ent S
izin
g
�A
llow
s yo
u to
spe
cify
a m
axim
um e
lem
ent e
dge
leng
th
for t
he e
ntire
mod
el (o
r num
ber o
f div
isio
ns p
er li
ne):
�ES
IZE,SIZE
�or
Pre
proc
esso
r > M
eshT
ool >
�Siz
e C
ontro
ls -
Glo
bl� [
Set]
�or
Pre
proc
esso
r > -M
eshi
ng-S
ize
Cnt
rls >
-Glo
bal-
Size
�C
an b
e us
ed b
y its
elf o
r in
conj
unct
ion
with
Sm
artS
izin
g.�
Usi
ng E
SIZE
by
itsel
f (Sm
artS
izin
g of
f) w
ill re
sult
in a
uni
form
ele
men
t siz
e th
roug
hout
the
volu
me
(or a
rea)
bei
ng m
eshe
d.�
With
Sm
artS
izin
g on
, ESI
ZE a
cts
as a
�gu
ide,
� bu
t the
spe
cifie
d si
ze m
ay b
e ov
errid
den
to
acco
mm
odat
e lin
e cu
rvat
ure
or p
roxi
mity
to
feat
ures
.
Mes
hing
...C
ontr
ollin
g M
esh
Den
sity
Def
ault
Sizi
ng
�If
you
don�
t spe
cify
any
con
trol
s, A
NSY
S us
es d
efau
lt si
zing
, w
hich
ass
igns
min
imum
and
max
imum
line
div
isio
ns, a
spec
t ra
tio, e
tc. b
ased
on
elem
ent o
rder
.
�M
eant
for m
appe
d m
eshi
ng, b
ut is
als
o us
ed fo
r fre
e m
eshi
ng
if Sm
artS
izin
g is
off.
�Yo
u ca
n ad
just
def
ault
size
spe
cific
atio
ns u
sing
DES
IZE
or
Prep
roce
ssor
> -M
eshi
ng-S
ize
Cnt
rls >
-Glo
bal-
Oth
er.
Mes
hing
...C
ontr
ollin
g M
esh
Den
sity
Key
poin
t Siz
ing
�C
ontr
ols
elem
ent s
ize
at k
eypo
ints
:�
Prep
roce
ssor
> M
eshT
ool >
�Siz
e C
ontro
ls: K
eypt
� [Se
t]�
or K
ESIZ
Eco
mm
and
�or
Pre
proc
esso
r > -M
eshi
ng-S
ize
Cnt
rls >
-Key
poin
ts-
Diff
eren
t key
poin
ts c
an h
ave
diffe
rent
KES
IZEs
, gi
ving
you
mor
e co
ntro
l ove
r the
mes
h.
�U
sefu
l for
str
ess
conc
entr
atio
n re
gion
s.
�Sp
ecifi
ed s
izes
may
be
over
ridde
n by
Sm
artS
izin
g to
acc
omm
odat
e lin
e cu
rvat
ure
or p
roxi
mity
to
feat
ures
.
Mes
hing
...C
ontr
ollin
g M
esh
Den
sity
Line
Siz
ing
�C
ontr
ols
elem
ent s
ize
at li
nes:
�Pr
epro
cess
or >
Mes
hToo
l > S
ize
Con
trols
: Lin
es [S
et]
�or
LES
IZE
com
man
d�
or P
repr
oces
sor >
-Mes
hing
-Siz
e C
ntrls
> -L
ines
-
Diff
eren
t lin
es c
an h
ave
diffe
rent
LES
IZEs
.
�Si
ze s
peci
ficat
ions
may
be
�har
d� o
r �so
ft.�
��H
ard�
siz
es a
re a
lway
s ho
nore
d by
the
mes
her,
even
if S
mar
tSiz
ing
is o
n. T
hey
take
pre
cede
nce
over
all
othe
r siz
e co
ntro
ls.
��S
oft�
siz
es m
ay b
e ov
errid
den
by S
mar
tSiz
ing.
�Yo
u ca
n al
so s
peci
fy a
spa
cing
ratio
�ra
tio o
f la
st d
ivis
ion
to fi
rst.
Use
d to
bia
s th
e di
visi
ons
tow
ards
one
end
or t
owar
ds th
e m
iddl
e.
Yes
for �
soft�
No
for �
hard
�
Mes
hing
...C
ontr
ollin
g M
esh
Den
sity
Are
a Si
zing
�C
ontr
ols
elem
ent s
ize
in th
e in
terio
r of a
reas
:�
Prep
roce
ssor
> M
eshT
ool >
�Siz
e C
ontro
ls: A
reas
� [Se
t]�
or A
ESIZ
Eco
mm
and
�or
Pre
proc
esso
r > -M
eshi
ng-S
ize
Cnt
rls >
-Are
as-
Diff
eren
t are
as c
an h
ave
diffe
rent
AES
IZEs
.
�B
ound
ing
lines
will
use
the
spec
ified
siz
e on
ly if
they
ha
ve n
o LE
SIZE
or K
ESIZ
E sp
ecifi
ed a
ndif
no
adja
cent
are
a ha
s a
smal
ler s
ize.
�Sp
ecifi
ed s
izes
may
be
over
ridde
n by
Sm
artS
izin
g to
ac
com
mod
ate
line
curv
atur
e or
pro
xim
ity to
feat
ures
.
Mes
hing
C.
Cha
ngin
g a
Mes
h
�If
a m
esh
is n
ot a
ccep
tabl
e, y
ou c
an a
lway
s re
-mes
h th
e m
odel
by
follo
win
g th
ese
step
s:1.
Cle
ar th
e m
esh.
�Th
e cl
earo
pera
tion
is th
e op
posi
te o
f mes
h: i
t re
mov
esno
des
and
elem
ents
.�
Use
the
[Cle
ar]b
utto
n on
the
Mes
hToo
l, or
use
VC
LEAR
, AC
LEAR
, etc
.(If
you
are
usi
ng th
eM
eshT
ool,
you
may
ski
p th
is s
tep
sinc
e th
e pr
ogra
m w
ill p
rom
pt y
ou w
heth
er to
cle
ar o
r no
t whe
n yo
u ex
ecut
e st
ep 3
.)2.
Spec
ify n
ew o
r diff
eren
t mes
h co
ntro
ls.
3.M
esh
agai
n.
Mes
hing
...C
hang
ing
a M
esh
�A
noth
er m
eshi
ng o
ptio
n is
to re
fine
the
mes
h in
spe
cific
regi
ons.
�A
vaila
ble
for a
ll ar
ea e
lem
ents
and
onl
y te
trah
edra
l vol
ume
elem
ents
.�
Easi
est w
ay is
to u
se th
e M
eshT
ool:
�Fi
rst s
ave
the
data
base
.�
Then
cho
ose
how
you
wan
t to
spec
ify
the
regi
on o
f ref
inem
ent �
at n
odes
, el
emen
ts, k
eypo
ints
, lin
es, o
r are
as �
and
pres
s th
e R
efin
ebu
tton.
�Pi
ck th
e en
titie
s at
whi
ch y
ou w
ant t
he
mes
h to
be
refin
ed.
(Not
requ
ired
if yo
u ch
oose
�Al
l Ele
ms.
�)�
Fina
lly, c
hoos
e th
e le
vel o
f ref
inem
ent.
Le
vel 1
(min
imal
refin
emen
t) is
a g
ood
star
ting
poin
t.
Mes
hing
D.
Map
ped
Mes
hing
�Th
ere
are
two
mai
n m
eshi
ng m
etho
ds:
free
and
map
ped.
�Fr
ee M
esh
�H
as n
o el
emen
t sha
pe re
stric
tions
.�
The
mes
h do
es n
ot fo
llow
any
pat
tern
.�
Suita
ble
for c
ompl
ex s
hape
d ar
eas
and
volu
mes
.
�M
appe
d M
esh
�R
estr
icts
ele
men
t sha
pes
to q
uadr
ilate
rals
for
area
s an
d he
xahe
dra
(bric
ks) f
or v
olum
es.
�Ty
pica
lly h
as a
regu
lar p
atte
rn w
ith o
bvio
us ro
ws
of e
lem
ents
.�
Suita
ble
only
for �
regu
lar�
are
as a
nd v
olum
es
such
as
rect
angl
es a
nd b
ricks
.
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
Free
Mes
h
+Ea
sy to
cre
ate;
no
need
to
divi
de c
ompl
ex s
hape
s in
to
regu
lar s
hape
s.
�Vo
lum
e m
eshe
s ca
n co
ntai
n on
lyte
trah
edra
, res
ultin
g in
a
larg
e nu
mbe
r of e
lem
ents
.
�O
nly
high
er-o
rder
(10-
node
) te
trah
edra
l ele
men
ts a
re
acce
ptab
le, s
o th
e nu
mbe
r of
DO
F ca
n be
ver
y hi
gh.
Map
ped
Mes
h
+G
ener
ally
con
tain
s a
low
er
num
ber o
f ele
men
ts.
+Lo
wer
-ord
er e
lem
ents
may
be
acce
ptab
le, s
o th
e nu
mbe
r of
DO
F is
low
er.
+A
esth
etic
ally
ple
asin
g.
�A
reas
and
vol
umes
mus
t be
�reg
ular
� in
sha
pe, a
nd m
esh
divi
sion
s m
ust m
eet c
erta
in
crite
ria.
�Ve
ry d
iffic
ult t
o ac
hiev
e,
espe
cial
ly fo
r com
plex
sha
ped
volu
mes
.
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
Cre
atin
g a
Free
Mes
h
�Fr
ee m
eshi
ng is
the
defa
ult s
ettin
g fo
r bot
h ar
ea
and
volu
me
mes
hes.
�C
reat
e a
free
mes
h is
eas
y:�
Brin
g up
the
Mes
hToo
land
ver
ify th
at fr
ee m
eshi
ng
is s
et.
�Sm
artS
izin
gis
gen
eral
ly re
com
men
ded
for f
ree
mes
hing
, so
activ
ate
it an
d sp
ecify
a s
ize
leve
l.
Save
the
data
base
.�
Then
initi
ate
the
mes
h by
pre
ssin
g th
e M
esh
butto
n.�
Pres
s [P
ick
All]
in th
e pi
cker
to c
hoos
e al
l en
titie
s (r
ecom
men
ded)
.�
Or u
se th
e co
mm
ands
VM
ESH
,ALL
or A
MES
H,A
LL.
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
Cre
atin
g a
Map
ped
Mes
h
�Th
is is
not
as
easy
as
free
mes
hing
bec
ause
the
area
s an
d vo
lum
es h
ave
to m
eet c
erta
in re
quire
men
ts:
�A
rea
mus
t con
tain
eith
er 3
or 4
line
s (tr
iang
le o
r qua
drila
tera
l).�
Volu
me
mus
t con
tain
eith
er 4
, 5, o
r 6 a
reas
(tet
rahe
dron
, tr
iang
ular
pris
m, o
r hex
ahed
ron)
.�
Elem
ent d
ivis
ions
on
oppo
site
sid
es m
ust m
atch
.�
For t
riang
ular
are
as o
r tet
rahe
dral
vol
umes
, the
num
ber o
f el
emen
t div
isio
ns m
ust b
e ev
en.
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
�Fo
r qua
drila
tera
l are
as o
r hex
ahed
ral v
olum
es, u
nequ
al
divi
sion
s ar
e al
low
ed, a
s sh
own
in th
ese
exam
ples
, but
the
num
ber o
f div
isio
ns m
ust s
atis
fy a
form
ula
(sho
wn
on th
e ne
xt p
age)
.
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
�Th
us m
appe
d m
eshi
ng in
volv
es a
thre
e-st
ep p
roce
dure
:�
Ensu
re �
regu
lar�
sha
pes,
i.e,
are
as w
ith 3
or 4
sid
es, o
r vol
umes
w
ith 4
, 5, o
r 6 s
ides
.�
Spec
ify s
ize
and
shap
e co
ntro
ls�
Gen
erat
e th
e m
esh
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
Ensu
re re
gula
r sha
pes
�In
mos
t cas
es, t
he m
odel
geo
met
ry is
suc
h th
at th
e ar
eas
have
mor
e th
an 4
sid
es, a
nd v
olum
es h
ave
mor
e th
at 6
sid
es.
To c
onve
rt th
ese
to re
gula
r sha
pes,
you
may
nee
d to
do
one
or b
oth
of th
ese
oper
atio
ns:
�Sl
ice
the
area
s (o
r vol
umes
) int
o sm
alle
r, si
mpl
er s
hape
s.�
Con
cate
nate
two
or m
ore
lines
(or a
reas
) to
redu
ce th
e to
tal
num
ber o
f sid
es.
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
�Sl
icin
gca
n be
acc
ompl
ishe
d w
ith th
e B
oole
an d
ivid
eop
erat
ion.
�R
emem
ber t
hat y
ou c
an u
se th
e w
orki
ng p
lane
, an
area
, or a
line
as
the
slic
ing
tool
.�
Som
etim
es, i
t may
be
easi
er to
cre
ate
a ne
w li
ne o
r a n
ew a
rea
than
to m
ove
and
orie
nt th
e w
orki
ng p
lane
in th
e co
rrec
t di
rect
ion.
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
�C
onca
tena
tion
crea
tes
a ne
w li
ne th
at is
a c
ombi
natio
n of
two
or m
ore
lines
, the
reby
redu
cing
the
num
ber o
f lin
es m
akin
g up
the
area
.�
Use
the
LCC
ATco
mm
and
or P
repr
oces
sor >
-Mes
hing
-C
onca
tena
te >
Lin
es, t
hen
pick
the
lines
to b
e co
ncat
enat
ed.
�Fo
r are
a co
ncat
enat
ion,
use
AC
CAT
com
man
d or
Pre
proc
esso
r >
-Mes
hing
-Con
cate
nate
> A
reas
Con
cate
natin
gth
ese
two
lines
mak
es th
is a
4-si
ded
area
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
�Yo
u ca
n al
so im
ply
a co
ncat
enat
ion
by s
impl
y id
entif
ying
the
thre
e or
four
cor
ners
of t
he a
rea.
In
this
cas
e, A
NSY
S in
tern
ally
gene
rate
s th
e co
ncat
enat
ion.
�To
do
this
, cho
ose
Qua
d sh
ape
and
Map
mes
h in
the
Mes
hToo
l.�
Then
cha
nge
3/4
side
dto
Pic
kco
rnrs
.�
Pres
s th
e M
esh
butto
n, p
ick
the
area
, and
then
pic
k th
e 3
or 4
cor
ners
that
form
the
regu
lar s
hape
.
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng�
Not
es o
n co
ncat
enat
ion:
�It
is p
urel
y a
mes
hing
ope
ratio
n an
d th
eref
ore
shou
ld b
e th
e la
st s
tep
befo
re m
eshi
ng, a
fter a
ll so
lid m
odel
ing
oper
atio
ns.
This
is b
ecau
se th
e ou
tput
ent
ity o
btai
ned
from
a c
onca
tena
tion
cann
ot b
e us
ed in
any
su
bseq
uent
sol
id m
odel
ing
oper
atio
n.�
You
can
"und
o" a
con
cate
natio
n by
del
etin
g th
e lin
e or
are
a it
prod
uced
.�
Con
cate
natin
g ar
eas
(for m
appe
d vo
lum
e m
eshi
ng) i
s ge
nera
lly m
uch
mor
e co
mpl
icat
ed b
ecau
se y
ou m
ay a
lso
need
to c
onca
tena
te s
ome
lines
. Li
nes
are
auto
mat
ical
ly c
onca
tena
ted
only
whe
n tw
o ad
jace
nt, 4
-si
ded
area
s ar
e co
ncat
enat
ed.
�C
onsi
der t
he a
dd(B
oole
an) o
pera
tion
if th
e lin
es o
r are
as m
eet a
t a
tang
ent.
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
Spec
ify s
ize
and
shap
e co
ntro
ls
�Th
is is
the
seco
nd s
tep
of th
e th
ree-
step
map
ped
mes
hing
pro
cedu
re.
�C
hoos
ing
the
shap
e is
sim
ple.
In
the
Mes
hToo
l, ch
oose
Qua
dfo
r are
a m
eshi
ng, a
nd H
exfo
r vol
ume
mes
hing
, the
n cl
ick
on M
ap.
�C
omm
only
use
d si
ze c
ontr
ols
and
the
orde
r in
whi
ch
they
are
app
lied:
�Li
ne s
izin
g [L
ESIZ
E] is
alw
ays
hono
red.
�G
loba
l ele
men
t siz
e , i
f spe
cifie
d, w
ill b
e ap
plie
d to
�u
nsiz
ed�
lines
.�
Def
ault
elem
ent s
izin
g [D
ESIZ
E] w
ill b
e ap
plie
d to
unsi
zed
lines
onl
y if
ESIZ
Eis
not
spe
cifie
d.�
(Sm
artS
izin
gis
not
val
id.)
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
�If
you
spec
ify li
ne d
ivis
ions
, rem
embe
r tha
t:�
divi
sion
s on
opp
osite
sid
es m
ust m
atch
, but
you
onl
y ne
ed to
sp
ecify
one
sid
e. T
he m
ap m
eshe
r aut
omat
ical
ly tr
ansf
ers
divi
sion
s to
the
oppo
site
sid
e.�
if yo
u ha
ve c
onca
tena
ted
lines
, div
isio
ns c
an o
nly
be a
pplie
d to
the
orig
inal
(inp
ut) l
ines
, not
the
com
posi
te li
ne. 6
divi
sion
s sp
ecifi
ed o
n ea
ch o
rigin
al li
ne.
12 d
ivis
ions
will
be
auto
mat
ical
ly a
pplie
d to
th
is li
ne (o
ppos
ite to
co
mpo
site
line
).
How
man
y di
visi
ons
are
used
for t
he o
ther
two
lines
? (U
pcom
ing
dem
o w
ill an
swer
it.)
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
Gen
erat
e th
e m
appe
d m
esh
�O
nce
you
have
ens
ured
regu
lar s
hape
s an
d as
sign
ed th
e ap
prop
riate
div
isio
ns, g
ener
atin
g th
e m
esh
is e
asy.
Jus
t pr
ess
the
Mes
hbu
tton
in th
eM
eshT
ool,
then
pre
ss [P
ick
All]
in th
e pi
cker
or c
hoos
e th
e de
sire
d en
titie
s.
Mes
hing
...M
appe
d M
eshi
ng
�Q
uest
ion:
How
wou
ld
you
slic
e th
is m
odel
for
map
ped
mes
hing
?
�A
nsw
er:
It m
ay n
ot b
e w
orth
th
e ef
fort
!
Mes
hing
E. H
ex-to
-Tet
Mes
hing
�Fo
r vol
ume
mes
hing
, we
have
onl
y se
en tw
o op
tions
so
far:
�Fr
ee m
eshi
ng, w
hich
cre
ates
an
all-t
etm
esh.
Th
is is
eas
y to
ach
ieve
but
may
not
be
desi
rabl
e in
som
e ca
ses
beca
use
of th
e la
rge
num
ber o
f el
emen
ts a
nd to
tal D
OF
crea
ted.
�M
appe
d m
eshi
ng, w
hich
cre
ates
an
all-h
exm
esh.
Thi
s is
des
irabl
e bu
t usu
ally
ver
y di
fficu
lt to
ach
ieve
.
�H
ex-to
-tetm
eshi
ngpr
ovid
es a
third
opt
ion
that
is
the
�bes
t of b
oth
wor
lds.
� It
allo
ws
you
to
have
a c
ombi
natio
n of
hex
and
tetm
eshe
s w
ithou
t com
prom
isin
g th
e in
tegr
ityof
the
mes
h.
Mes
hing
...H
ex-to
-Tet
Mes
hing
�Th
is o
ptio
n w
orks
by
crea
ting
pyra
mid
-sha
ped
elem
ents
in th
e tr
ansi
tion
regi
on b
etw
een
hex
and
tetr
egio
ns.
�R
equi
res
the
hex
mes
h to
be
avai
labl
e (o
r at l
east
a q
uad
mes
h at
the
shar
ed a
rea)
.�
The
mes
her f
irst c
reat
es a
llte
ts, t
hen
com
bine
s an
d re
arra
nges
the
tet
elem
ents
in th
e tr
ansi
tion
regi
on to
form
pyr
amid
s.�
Ava
ilabl
e on
ly fo
r ele
men
t typ
es th
at s
uppo
rt b
oth
pyra
mid
and
tet
shap
es, e
.g:
�St
ruct
ural
SO
LID
95, 1
86, V
ISC
O89
�Th
erm
al S
OLI
D90
�M
ultip
hysi
cs S
OLI
D62
, 117
, 122
SOLI
D95
�R
esul
ts a
re g
ood
even
in th
e tr
ansi
tion
regi
on.
Elem
ent f
aces
are
com
patib
le
even
whe
n tr
ansi
tioni
ng fr
om a
line
ar
hex
elem
ent t
o a
quad
ratic
tete
lem
ent.
Mes
hing
...H
ex-to
-Tet
Mes
hing
�H
ex-to
-tetm
eshi
ng is
val
id fo
r bot
h qu
adra
tic-to
-qua
drat
ic a
nd li
near
-to-
quad
ratic
tran
sitio
ns.
Elem
ent t
ype
mus
t sup
port
a 9
-nod
e py
ram
id fo
r th
e la
tter.
8-N
ode
Hex
9-N
ode
Pyra
mid
10-N
ode
Tet
Hex
Mes
hTr
ansi
tion
Laye
rTe
tMes
h
Qua
drat
icto
Qua
drat
ic
Line
arto
Qua
drat
ic
10-N
ode
Tet
13-N
ode
Pyra
mid
20-N
ode
Hex
Mes
hing
...H
ex-to
-Tet
Mes
hing
Proc
edur
e in
volv
es fo
ur s
teps
:
1.C
reat
e th
e he
x m
esh.
�St
art b
y m
ap-m
eshi
ng th
e re
gula
r-sh
aped
vol
umes
. (O
r mes
h th
e sh
ared
are
as w
ith q
uads
.)�
For s
tres
s an
alys
is, u
se e
ither
an
8-no
de b
rick
(SO
LID
45 o
r SO
LID
185)
or a
20-
node
bric
k (S
OLI
D95
or S
OLI
D18
6).
Mes
hing
...H
ex-to
-Tet
Mes
hing
2.A
ctiv
ate
an e
lem
ent t
ype
that
sup
port
s bo
th p
yram
ids
and
tets
.�
Thes
e ar
e us
ually
bric
k el
emen
ts th
at c
an d
egen
erat
e in
to
pyra
mid
s an
dte
ts.
Che
ck th
e El
emen
ts M
anua
l, av
aila
ble
on-
line,
to fi
nd o
ut w
hich
ele
men
t typ
es a
re v
alid
.�
Exam
ples
:�
Stru
ctur
al S
OLI
D95
, 186
, VIS
CO
89�
Ther
mal
SO
LID
90�
Mul
tiphy
sics
SO
LID
62, 1
17, 1
22
Mes
hing
...H
ex-to
-Tet
Mes
hing
3.G
ener
ate
the
tetm
esh.
�Fi
rst a
ctiv
ate
free
mes
hing
.�
Then
mes
h th
e vo
lum
es th
at a
re to
be
tet-m
eshe
d.
Pyra
mid
s ar
e au
tom
atic
ally
gen
erat
ed a
t the
inte
rfac
e.
Mes
hing
...H
ex-to
-Tet
Mes
hing
4.C
onve
rt d
egen
erat
ete
tsto
true
10-
node
tets
.�
The
tetm
esh
crea
ted
by th
e tr
ansi
tion
mes
her c
onsi
sts
of
dege
nera
teel
emen
ts �
10-n
ode
tetr
ahed
rade
rived
from
20-
node
bric
ks, f
or e
xam
ple.
�Th
ese
elem
ents
are
not
as
effic
ient
as
true
10-
node
tets
such
as
SOLI
D92
, whi
ch u
se le
ss m
emor
y an
d w
rite
smal
ler f
iles
durin
g so
lutio
n.�
To c
onve
rt th
e de
gene
rate
tets
into
true
tets
:�
Prep
roce
ssor
> -M
eshi
ng-M
odify
Mes
h >
Cha
nge
Tets
...�
Or u
se th
e TC
HG
com
man
d.
Mes
hing
F. M
esh
Extr
usio
n�
Whe
n yo
u ex
trud
ean
are
a in
to a
vol
ume,
you
can
ext
rude
the
area
el
emen
ts a
long
with
it, r
esul
ting
in a
mes
hed
volu
me.
Thi
s is
cal
led
mes
h ex
trus
ion.
�A
dvan
tage
: Ea
sy to
cre
ate
a vo
lum
e m
esh
with
all
bric
ks
(hex
ahed
ra) o
r a c
ombi
natio
n of
bric
ks a
nd p
rism
s.
�O
bvio
us re
quire
men
t: S
hape
of t
he v
olum
e m
ust l
end
itsel
f to
extr
usio
n.
Extru
de
Mes
hing
...M
esh
Extr
usio
n
Proc
edur
e
1.D
efin
e tw
o el
emen
t typ
es �
an a
rea
elem
ent a
nd a
vol
ume
elem
ent.
�A
rea
elem
ent:
Cho
ose
MES
H20
0 qu
adril
ater
als.
MES
H20
0 is
a m
esh-
only
elem
ent a
nd h
as n
oD
OFs
or m
ater
ial
prop
ertie
s as
soci
ated
with
it.
�Vo
lum
e el
emen
t:Sh
ould
be
com
patib
le
with
the
MES
H20
0 el
emen
t typ
e. F
or
exam
ple,
if y
ou c
hoos
em
idsi
deno
des
for
MES
H20
0, th
e 3-
D s
olid
ele
men
t sho
uld
also
hav
em
idsi
deno
des.
�ET
com
man
d or
Pre
proc
esso
r > E
lem
ent
Type
> A
dd/E
dit/D
elet
e
Mes
hing
...M
esh
Extr
usio
n2.
Mes
h th
e ar
ea to
be
extr
uded
with
MES
H20
0 el
emen
ts.
�U
se m
appe
d or
free
mes
hing
with
des
ired
mes
h de
nsity
.�
Prep
roce
ssor
>M
eshT
ool
3.C
hoos
e el
emen
t ext
rusi
on o
ptio
ns.
�EX
TOPT
com
man
d or
Pre
proc
esso
r >
Ope
rate
> E
xtru
de >
Elem
Ext O
pts
�Ty
pica
l opt
ions
are
:�
Act
ive
TYPE
attr
ibut
e (s
houl
d be
3-D
so
lid).
�N
umbe
r of e
lem
ent d
ivis
ions
in th
e ex
trus
ion
dire
ctio
n (i.
e, n
umbe
r of
elem
ents
thro
ugh
the
thic
knes
s).
Mus
t be
grea
ter t
han
zero
; oth
erw
ise,
on
ly th
e ar
ea w
ill b
e ex
trud
ed, w
ithou
t el
emen
ts.
Mes
hing
...M
esh
Extr
usio
n
4.Ex
trud
e th
e ar
ea.
�Fi
rst d
elet
e co
ncat
enat
ed li
nes,
if a
ny.
If co
ncat
enat
ions
are
pr
esen
t, A
NSY
S w
ill n
otal
low
the
extr
usio
n op
erat
ion.
�Pr
epro
cess
or >
-Mes
hing
-Con
cate
nate
> -D
elC
onca
ts-L
ines
�Th
en e
xtru
de th
e ar
ea u
sing
any
of t
he e
xtru
sion
met
hods
.
Mes
hing
G.
Swee
p M
eshi
ng
�Sw
eep
mes
hing
is y
et a
noth
er o
ptio
n av
aila
ble
for v
olum
e m
eshi
ng.
It is
the
proc
ess
of m
eshi
ng a
n ex
istin
gvo
lum
e by
sw
eepi
ng a
n ar
ea m
esh.
�Si
mila
r to
mes
h ex
trus
ion,
exc
ept t
hat t
he v
olum
e al
read
y ex
ists
in th
is c
ase
(from
a g
eom
etry
impo
rt, f
or e
xam
ple)
.
Mes
hing
...Sw
eep
Mes
hing
�A
dvan
tage
s:�
Easy
to c
reat
e a
volu
me
mes
h w
ith a
ll br
icks
(hex
ahed
ra) o
r a c
ombi
natio
n of
br
icks
and
pris
ms.
�O
ptio
n to
tet-m
esh
volu
mes
that
are
no
t �sw
eepa
ble.
� T
rans
ition
pyr
amid
s ar
e au
tom
atic
ally
gen
erat
ed.
�R
equi
rem
ents
:�
Topo
logy
of t
he v
olum
e m
ust b
e co
nsis
tent
in th
e sw
eep
dire
ctio
n.
Exam
ple:
a b
lock
with
a th
roug
h ho
le
(ok
even
if th
e ho
le is
tape
red)
.�
Sour
cean
d ta
rget
surf
aces
mus
t be
sing
lear
eas.
Con
cate
nate
d ar
eas
are
not a
llow
ed fo
r eith
er th
e so
urce
or t
he
targ
et.
Sour
ce s
urfa
ce(1
are
a)
Targ
et s
urfa
ce(1
are
a)
Valid
for s
wee
p m
eshi
ng
Not
val
id fo
r sw
eep
mes
hing
Mes
hing
...Sw
eep
Mes
hing
Proc
edur
e
�D
efin
e an
d ac
tivat
e a
3-D
hex
ahed
rals
olid
ele
men
t ty
pe, s
uch
as s
truc
tura
l SO
LID
45 o
r SO
LID
95.
�B
ring
upM
eshT
oola
nd c
hoos
e H
ex/W
edge
and
Swee
p.
�C
hoos
e ho
w th
e so
urce
and
targ
et s
urfa
ces
are
iden
tifie
d:�
�Aut
o So
urce
/Tar
get�
mea
ns th
at A
NSY
S w
ill
auto
mat
ical
ly c
hoos
e th
em b
ased
on
the
volu
me�
s to
polo
gy.
��P
ick
Sour
ce/T
arge
t� m
eans
that
you
will
be
choo
sing
them
.
�Pr
ess
the
SWEE
Pbu
tton
and
follo
w p
rom
pt
inst
ruct
ions
from
the
pick
er.
(Or u
se V
SWEE
Pco
mm
and.
)
Mes
hing
...Sw
eep
Mes
hing
Tet-M
esh
Opt
ion
�A
use
ful s
wee
p op
tion
is to
gen
erat
e a
tet-m
esh
in n
on-s
wee
pabl
evo
lum
es.
�To
use
this
opt
ion:
�M
ake
sure
that
the
elem
ent t
ype
supp
orts
de
gene
rate
pyr
amid
and
tetr
ahed
ron
shap
es.
Exam
ples
:�
Stru
ctur
al S
OLI
D95
, 186
, VIS
CO
89�
Ther
mal
SO
LID
90�
Mul
tiphy
sics
SO
LID
62, 1
17, 1
22�
Cho
ose
Prep
roce
ssor
> -M
eshi
ng-M
esh
> -
Volu
me
Swee
p-Sw
eep
Opt
s an
d ac
tivat
e th
ete
t-mes
h op
tion.
(O
r use
the
EXTO
PT,V
SWE
com
man
d.)
Mes
hing
...Sw
eep
Mes
hing
Not
es
�To
map
-mes
ha
com
plex
vol
ume,
you
may
nee
d to
slic
e it
seve
ral t
imes
and
als
o do
som
e ar
ea a
nd li
ne c
onca
tena
tions
. Fo
r sw
eep
mes
hing
, you
typi
cally
nee
d on
ly a
few
slic
ing
oper
atio
ns, a
nd n
oco
ncat
enat
ions
are
nee
ded!
�Yo
u ca
n co
ntro
l the
sou
rce
area
mes
h us
ing
stan
dard
mes
h co
ntro
ls.
Smar
tSiz
ing
is g
ener
ally
not
reco
mm
ende
d si
nce
it is
mea
nt fo
r fre
e m
eshi
ng.
Mes
hing
H.
Wor
ksho
p
�Th
is w
orks
hop
cons
ists
of f
our e
xerc
ises
:W
8A.
Pillo
w B
lock
W8B
. C
onne
ctin
g R
odW
8C.
Cot
ter P
inW
8D.
Whe
el
