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n]v s[ltx? cWoog, n]vg ƒ lrGtgdf klg ;lqmo oldn] …cfwf cfsfz ƒ cfwf wtL{Ú, …clwsfƒÚ, …dfS;{jfb ƒ dlxnf d'lQmÚ, …g]kfndf hgo'4 ƒ dlxnf d'lQmÚ, …lkk'N; jfƒ P08 j'dg lnaƒ];g Og g]kfnÚ, …g]kfnsf] cJojl‚yt a‚tLÚh‚tf dxTjk"0f{ k'‚tsx?sf] k|sfzg;d]t ulƒ;Sg'ePsf] 5„ o;sf cnfjf ƒfli6«o ƒ cGtƒf{li6«o kqklqsfx?df g]kfnL, cª†u|]hL ƒ g]jfƒL efiffdf pxf“sf bh{gf}+ n]v ƒrgfx? dxTjsf;fy k|sflzt ePsf 5g†„

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g]kfnsf] ƒfhgLlts Oltxf;df dlxnfx¿ xƒ]s ƒfhgLlts cfGbf]ngsf cu|efudf v8f ePsf] Oltxf; klg ƒx]sf] 5„ tƒ hj ;Qfdf ;xeflutfsf] k|Zg cfp5 To;j]nf dlxnfnfO{ k5fl8 kfg]{ sfd ulƒG5„ cem r'gfjdf t ƒfhgLlts bnx¿n] dlxnfnfO{ k|ToIf pDd]bjfƒ agfpg ?rfpGgg† ƒ bof dfofn] lbP h‚tf]

uƒL ;dfg'kfltsdf dfq} ;Lldt uƒfpg vf]H5g†„ krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L dtbftf dlxnf ƒx]sf] xfd|f] b]zsf] cj‚yf s‚tf] 5, of] x]g]{ xf] eg] klg ƒfhgLltdf dlxnf ;xeflutfsf] cj‚yf yfxf kfOG5„

;fdGtL lkt[;QfTds ;f]r ƒ b[li6sf]0fsf sfƒ0f dlxnfx¿ ƒfhgLltdf Go'g ;xeflutf ƒxFb} cfPsf] 5„ g]kfnsf] ƒfhtGqfTds ƒfHoJoj‚yfsf] lnR5ljsfndf ƒfhf dfgb]jsf] gfoaL rnfpg pgsL cfdf ƒfHojtLn] h'g e"ldsf v]lng Tof] dlxnfx¿sf] lglDt w]ƒ} dxTjk"0f{ s'ƒf lyof]„ Tof] cj‚fydf ƒfHojtLn] To;ƒL Psfltƒ ƒfHo Joj‚yf rnfpg] ƒ csf{ltƒ ;tLk|yfsf lj?4 v8f eOg† Tof] rfgr'g] s'ƒf rfxL+ lyPg„ zfxsfndf klg ƒ0faxfb'ƒ zfxsf] gfoaL rnfpg ƒfh]Gb|nIdL cufl8 cfOg ƒ ef}uf]lns PsLsƒ0fdf klg pgsf] of]ubfg ƒx]sf] lyof]„ Tolt dfq xf]Og lgƒ+s'z hxflgofF ƒf0ffzf;gsf lj?4 of]udfofnufotsf s}of}+ dlxnfx¿n] sf]zL gbLdf xfd kmfn]ƒ cfGbf]gnsf] g]t[Tj uƒ]sf] klg pNn]vgLo s'ƒf 5„

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@))& ;fnsf] ƒf0ffljƒf]wL cfGbf]ngdf klg dlxnfx¿ ;fd]n eP„ tƒ g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsf v]Ng ;s]gg†„ ƒf0ff zf;gsf] @))& ;fndf cGTokl5 @)!% ;fn;Dddf ƒfhfn] u7g uƒ]sf !! j6f dlGqklƒifb†df dlxnf ƒx]gg†„ tƒ ha @)!% ;fnsf] lgjf{rgkl5 g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ljZj]Zjƒk|;fb sf]Oƒfnfsf] dlGqklƒifb†df åflƒsfb]jL 7s'ƒfgL ‚jf‚Yo pkdGqL ƒ kl5 ;xfos ‚jf‚YodGqL klg ag]sL lyOg†„ @)!% ;fnsf] !)( If]qdWo] ^ If]qdf dlxnf pDd]bjfƒ p7fOPsf lyP„ tL

^ hgf dlxnf pDd]bjfƒx¿dWo] 88]Nw'ƒf If]q g+= ^ af6 åflƒsfb]jL 7s'ƒfgL ljhoL ag]sL lyOg†„

@))& ;fnkl5 dlxnfx¿n] ƒfhgLlts clwsfƒsf nflu cfˆg} ;+u7g lgdf{0f ug{ yfn]„ sfdIffb]jLsf] g]t[Tjdf clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3 ‚yfkgf ulƒof]„ g]kfnL dlxnfx¿nfO{ ƒfhgLlts, ;fdflhs ƒ cfly{s clwsfƒ k|flKtsf nflu ;+3if{ ub{} cfPsf 5g†„

@)!% ;fnb]lv @)%^ ;fn;Dd ̂ j6f lgjf{rgx¿ eP Tod;f dlxnfx¿sf] ;xeflutfsf] l‚yltdf @)!% ;fn !)( k|ltlglwdf !)* k'?if Ps hgf dlxnf lgjf{lrt ePsf] lyof]„ @)#* ;fndf lgƒ+s'z tfgfzfxL k~rfotLsfndf ePsf] lgjf{rgdf !!@ k|ltlglwdWo] !!) k'?if lgjf{rgdf !!@ hgf k|ltlglwdf !)( k'?if # hgf dlxnf lyP„ @)$^ ;fndf k~rfotL Joj‚yfsf] cGTo;kl5 ƒfhtGqfTds ;+;bLo Joj‚yfdf @)$* ;fndf ePsf] lgjf{rgdf @)% df k|ltlglwdf !(* k'?if & hgf dlxnf lgjf{lrt ePsf lyP„ @)%! ;fnsf] dWofjlw lgjf{rgdf @)% k|ltlglwdWo] !(* k'?if ƒ & hgf dlxnf ePsf lyP eg] @)%^ ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf @)% hgf k|ltlglwdf !(# hgf k'?if !@ hgf dlxnf r'lgPsf lyP„ dflysf] ljjƒ0fn] atfpFb5 ls ƒfHosf] dflyNnf] txdf dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf l‚ylt slt bogLo lyof]„ Tof] lsg eof] < ;fdGtL ƒfhtGqfTds Joj‚yfdf dlxnfx¿nfO{ x]g{], a'‰g] ƒ ;xeflutf uƒfpg] k|Zgdf ;fdGtL ;f]r lyof] ƒ To;}sf] k|ltljDa xf]„

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@)%@ ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] hgo'4 ;'? u¥of]„ To;n] dlxnfx¿nfO{ r'nf]rf}sfaf6 o'4sf] cu|efudf Nofof]„ hgd'lqm ;]gfdf $) k|ltzt dlxnfx¿ ƒx]„ xƒ]s hg;ƒsfƒdf dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj ƒXof]„ bf];|f] bhf{df ƒflvpsf dlxnfsf] xftdf aGb's lbOof] ƒ hg;ƒsfƒdf dlxnf k|ltlglw ƒxg'n] dlxnfx¿n] hgo'4df Tofu, tk‚of ƒ alnbfgsf sLlt{dfgx¿ sfod uƒ]„ To;sf] k|ltljlDa @)^# ;fnsf] ##) hgf k|ltlglwdWo] @&@ hgf k'?if %* hgf dlxnfnfO{ ;fd]n ulƒPsf] yof]„

@)^$ ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf ̂ )! hgf k|ltlglwdWo] k'?if $)$ hgf ƒ dlxnf !(& hgf lyP„ dlxnfx¿sf] ;xeflutf ;]gf, k|xƒL, hgky dfq xf]Og lzIfs, lghfdtL sd{rfƒLx¿df klg ;xeflutf tLj| ultdf eOƒx]sf] 5„ o;n] atfpF5 ls d'Vo s'ƒf gLlt, ljrfƒ, l;4fGt ƒ of]hgf xf]„ dlxnf ;xeflutfsf nflu klxnf] ƒ k|wfg s'ƒf gLltdf Joj‚yf ug{' cfjZos

5 ƒ x'G5„ dlxnfx¿nfO{ ƒfhgLltdf ;xeflutf j[l4 s;ƒL ug{] < of] dxTjk"0f{ k|Zg xf]„ o;sf] ;xL lgsf; s;ƒL lbg ;lsG5 <

g]kfnsf] hg;+Vof k'?ifsf] eGbf dlxnfsf] a9L 5 tƒ ƒfhgLlt ;xeflutfsf] lrq xfd|f cufl8 cfpF5, Toltv]ƒ ;a} uDeLƒ x'g}k5{„ ƒfhtGqsf] cGTo eO;s]sf] ƒ u0ftGq ‚yfkgf ePsf] l‚ylt 5„ ;a}vfn] lkt[;QfTds zf]if0f, pTkL8g ƒ lje]bsf] cGTo ug{' xƒ]s If]qdf k'?if;ƒx ;dfg clwsfƒ sfod ug{'kb{5„ of] d'Vo ƒ lg0ff{os s'ƒf xf]„

dlxnfx¿sf] ƒfhgLtldf ;xeflutfdf h;ƒL o;cl3 Go"g ƒXof], to;sf] Ifltk"lt{;lxt Joj‚yflksf, sfo{kflnsf, Gofokflnsf, ;]gf, k|xƒL cflbdf ;a} If]qdf ljz]if clwsfƒ;lxt ;dfg ;xeflutfsf] Uofƒ]G6L ug{ ;+ljwfgd} Joj‚yf ug{'kb{5„ ;+ljwfg jf P]glgod ƒ sfg'gd} k}t[s ;DklQdf ;dfg clwsfƒ pNn]v ulƒg' cfjZos 5„

dlxnf ƒ k'?ifdf ;dfg sfdsf] nflu ;dfg Hofnfsf] Joj‚yf ;+ljwfgd} ƒflvg' kb{5„ To;}n] ;dfg'kflts, ;dfj]zL ƒ ;xeflutfsf] k|lqmofåfƒf dlxnfx¿nfO{ ƒfhgLltdf cufl8 a9fpg ;lsG5„ l

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Pdfn]n] hgtfsf Ph]08fx? 5f8]kl5 d}n] Pdfn]nfO{ 5f8]+ ƒ b]z ƒ hgtfsf] ;Rrf kxƒ]bfƒ Pdfcf]jfbL xf] eGg] 7xƒ uƒ]ƒ of] kf6L{df nfu]+„ kf6L{n] clxn] dnfO{ k;f{ % jf6 pDd]bjfƒ agfPsf] 5„ hgtfn] xfd|f] kf6L{nfO{ ljhoL uƒfp5g† eGg]df d

k"0f{ ljZj‚t 5'„ b]zsf] ;Rrf qmflGtsfƒL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] tkm{jf6 hgk|ltlglwsf

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Pdfcf]jfbLsf Ph]08f yfxf kfpg] hgtfn] c?nfO{ ef]6 xfNb}gg\

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d]ƒf] ljrfƒdf c;n sDo'lgi6 g]tf aGg af]nLdf eGbf klg Jojxfƒdf cfkm'nfO{ ;fljt ug{ ;s]sf 5f+} ls 5}gf}+ eGg] s'ƒf Wofg lbg h?ƒL 5„ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf sltko g]tfn] cK7]ƒf] kbf{ dfq hgtfdfem hfg] cj;ƒ kfpFbf hgtfnfO{ lal;{Pƒ ;'v, ;'ljwf ƒ ljnfl;tfdf ƒdfpg] uƒ]sf] klg kfOG5„ d'vn] qmflGtsfƒL s'ƒf ug]{ tƒ Jojxfƒdf nfu' gug]{ g]tf c;n sDo'lgi6 x'g} ;Sb}gg†„

tkfO{+ Ps ‚yflkt dlxnf g]t[ x'g'x'G5„ dlxnfnfO{ ƒfhgLltdf g]t[Tj txdf k'Ug s‚tf r'gf}tL ƒ ;d‚ofx? 5g† <

d Pp6f s] ;d‚of b]V5' eg] dlxnfx? dlxnfx?sf] d'2fdf dfq s]lGb|t x'g]„ dlxnfx?n] ;du| kf6f]df rf}tkmL{ 1fg xffl;n ug{ h?ƒL 5„ dlxnf ePƒ dlxnf–dlxnfaLr k|lt‚kwf{ ug]{ xf]Og ls k'?if;Fu k|lt‚kwf{ ug'{kb{5„ Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug{ lgƒGtƒ nfUg'k5{„ r'gf}tLsf] s'ƒf ug]{ xf] eg] dlxnfsf] g]t[Tj k'?ifn] cl‚jsfƒ ug]{ k|j[lQ 5„ of] t dlxnf xf], o;sf] Ifdtf s]lx 5}g eg]ƒ dlxnfnfO{ k'?ifn] x]Kg] ƒ dlxnfn] klg k'?ifsf] g]t[Tj ‚jLsfg]{ tƒ dlxnfsf] g]t[Tj cl‚jsfƒ ug]{ k|j[lQsf sfƒ0f klg s]lx r'gf}tLx? 5g†„ dlxnfx?n] oL dfyLsf ;d‚of ƒ r'gf}tLnfO{ kfƒ uƒ]ƒ cuf8L a9†g'k5{„

g]kfndf hlt klg ƒfhgLlts bn 5g† tL bnleq ƒx]sf dlxnfn] plrt lhDd]jfƒL gkfPsf] u'gf;f] ;'lgG5 lg <

s]xL xb;Dd of] klg xf]nf tƒ dlxnf g]tfx?n] klg cfkm†gf] ljsf; ug{ h?ƒL 5„ @÷$ hgf dlxnf g]tf aGg vf]h]ƒ x'Fb}g„ k'?if ;ƒf]jƒ dlxnf g]tfx? hGdfpg' kb{5„ cfkm" dfq dfly hfg vf]Hg] tn dlxnfx?sf] ;+Vof ƒ ;+u7g dha't gagfpg] k|j[lQsf] cGTo x'g'k5{„ csf]{ s'ƒf ƒfhgLlts bnleq klg k'?ifjfbL lrGtg xfjL ePsf] 5„ dlxnf eg]kl5 of] s]xL ug{ ;Sb}g eg]ƒ lhDd]jfƒL glbg] ƒ g]t[Tj c‚jLsfƒ ug]{ k|j[lQsf] cGTo x'g'k5{„ l

;dfj]zL ƒ ;xeflutfd"ns nf]stflGqs u0ftGq, klxrfg;lxtsf] ;+3Lotf, wd{ lgƒk]Iftf, ;fdflhs Gofonufotsf h] hlt hgkIfLo Ph]08fx? 5g† tL ;a} Pdfcf]jfbLn] g} cl3 ;fƒ]sf x'g†„ Pdfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] gLlt ƒ nfOg ;xL ePs} sfƒ0f clxn] b]z}eƒ Pdfcf]jfbLsf kIfdf hgnxƒ rn]sf] 5„

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k"0ff{s'dfƒL ;'j]bL h;n] g]kfnL hgtfsf] d'lQmsf] nflu 6fpsf]df sfqf] afFw]ƒ hgo'4df xfd kmfNg' eof]„ sf‚sLsf] nfdfrf}ƒdf lj=;+= @)!% ;fn ebf} @& ut] hGdg' ePsL k"0ff{s'dfƒL ;'j]bL afFs] lgjf{rg If]q g+= $ sf] pDd]b†jfƒ x'g'x'G5„ Pdfcf]jfbLsf] xfn s]Gb|Lo ;b‚o ;d]t ƒxg' ePsL ;'j]bL hgtfsf] Gofo, ‚jtGqtf ƒ ;dfh klƒjt{gsf nflu g]kfnsf ufpF–ufpFdf k'Ug' eof]„ clwsfƒljxLg g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ clwsfƒsf nflu n8†g'k5{ eGg] r]tgf eg'{eof]„ ufpFdf dlxnfdfly ePsf cGofo ƒ cTofrfƒsf lj?4 dlxnfx?n] g} n8†g'k5{ eGg] r]tgf ;d]t pxfFn] lbg' eof]„ cfdf b]jsL kf}8]n ƒ a'af xlƒk|;fb kf}8]nsL 5f]ƒL ;'j]bLsf] lj=;+= @)@* ;fndf k|sfz ;'j]bL;Fu dfuL ljjfx ePsf] lyof]„ !$ jif{s} pd]ƒdf dfuL ljjfx eP klg g]t[ ;'j]bLn] P;Pn;L;Ddsf] cWoog k'ƒf ug'{ eof]„ xfn pxfFsf >Ldfg klg ƒfhgLltd} ;+nUg x'g'x'G5„

ƒfhgLlts k[i7e"ldlj=;+= @)#$ ;fnb]lv g]t[ ;'j]bLn] clvn g]kfn

dlxnf ;+3sf] tNnf] OsfO sld6Lb]lv sfd ug{ ;'? ug'{eof]„ Tolta]nf pxfFn] dlxnfx?dfly ePsf lje]bsf] cGTosf nflu klg cfkm†gf] tkm{af6 ;Sbf] kxn ug'{ ePsf] lyof]„ pxfF @)#% ;fndf e"ldut ƒx]sf] tTsflng g]skf -rf}d_ kf6L{sf] ;b‚o x'g'eof]„ clg z'? eof] pxfFsf ;+3if{sf lbgx?„ kf6L{ ;b‚o;Fu} pxfFn] klg ƒfhgLltdf lqmofzLn ePƒ nfUg z'? ug'{ eof]„ @)#^ ;fndf pxfF P;LPd aGg' eof]„ @)$@ ;fndf lrtjgaf6 pxfFsf] klƒjfƒ afFs] lhNnfdf cfPkl5 afFs]af6} ƒfhgLltdf ;zQm ePƒ nfUg yfNg' eof]„ @)$^ ;fndf k~rfot lj?4 ePsf] hgcfGbf]ngdf

afFs] lhNnfaf6 g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ pxfF kl5 kg'{ ePg„ Tolta]nfsf] hgcfGbf]ngdf hgtf ;8sdf ptfƒ]ƒ pxfFn] cufl8 a9†g' ePsf] lyof]„

lj=;+= @)$* ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf g]t[ ;'j]bL ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{sf] tkm{af6 afFs] lhNnfaf6 pDd]b†jfƒ aGg' eof]„ tƒ Tolta]nf pxfFsf] lht x'g g;s] klg l;+uf] dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj uƒ]ƒ r'gfjdf n8†g' ePsf] lyof]„ @)$( ;fnb]lv tTsfnLg Pstf s]Gb|sf] k"0f{sfnLg ;b‚o aGg' eof]„ Psfltƒ kflƒjflƒs e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{kg]{ ƒ csf]{ltƒ k"0f{sfnLg ;b‚o aGf]ƒ sfd ug{ hl6ntf x'Fbf klg To;s} aLraf6 pxfF k"0f{sflng ;b‚o aGg'eof]„ @)%! ;fndf lrtjgdf ePsf] kf6L{sf] t];|f] lj‚tflƒt a}7sn] kf6L{sf] gfd dfcf]jfbL ƒfv]ƒ hgo'4sf] nfOg lnPkl5 pxfF To;}df ;dflxt x'g'eof]„ lj=;+= @)%@ ;fndf hgo'4 z'? ePkl5 pxfF ;'v]{t lhNnfsf] OGrfh{ x'g'eof]„ hgo'4sf] z'?sf] cjlwdf sfd ug{ c;fWo} hl6n lyof]„ To;df klg dWoklZrdsf] ;bƒd'sfd ;'v]{tsf] OGrfh{ ePƒ hgo'4nfO{ cuf8L a9fpg' kmnfdsf] lrpƒf rkfpg' ;ƒx lyof]„ tƒ pxfF ;'v]{tsf ufpF–ufpFdf UfPƒ tTsflng ;ƒsfƒ lj?4 n8†gsf nflu ;+u7g lj‚tfƒ ub}{ hfg' eof]„ ƒfHo;Qfn] g} g]kfnL hgtfdfly zf]if0f ulƒƒx]sfn] To;sf lj?4df pq]ƒ k|ltsfƒ ug{ hgtfnfO{ g} ;r]t agfpFb} hfg' eof]„ hgo'4sfndf kf6L{n] lbPsf] lhDd]jfƒL k'ƒf ug]{ qmddf pxfF @)%& ;fndf afFs]sf] hg;ƒsfƒ k|d'v aGg' eof]„ Tolta]nf dfcf]jfbL kf6L{df dlxnf hg;ƒsfƒ sd} x'Gy]„ pxfFn] hg;ƒsfƒ k|d'v ePƒ l;+uf] afFs] lhNnfsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ xfFSg' eof]„ w]ƒ} k6s afFs]sf] hg;ƒsfƒ k|d'v x'Fbf tTsflng ;]gf ƒ k|xƒLsf] 3]ƒfaf6 efu]ƒ

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;ef;b†b]lv pk;efd'v;Ddsf] ofqf klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjdf afFs] lgjf{rg

If]q g+= $ af6 ljhoL aGg' ePsL g]t[ ;'j]bL ;+ljwfg;efdf pk;efd'v aGg' eof]„ $ jif{;Dd gofF ;+ljwfg agfpgs} nflu ƒfhgLlts ;xdlt h'6fpg] w]ƒ } k|of; ug' {eof ]„ tƒ sfFu| ];–Pdfn]nufotsf bnsf sfƒ0f ;+ljwfg;efsf] cj;fg x'g k'Uof]„ ;+ljwfg;efsf] cj;fg ePsf] lbg pxfFnfO{ hLjgsf] ;a}eGbf lj;{g g;Sg] tLtf] 36gf aGof]„ pk;efd'v aGbf klg pxfF km';{b lgsfn]ƒ cfkm†gf] lhNnfdf hfg] ulƒƒxg' x'GYof]„ pxfFn] o;aLrdf afFs] lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf] nflu y'k|} kxn ;d]t ug'{ ePsf] lyof]„ hgtfsf ;d‚ofdf cToGt} uDeLƒ aGg] ;'j]bLnfO{ hg;+ljwfg gag];Dd

g]kfnL hgtfsf] d'lQm c;Dej h‚tf] nfU5„ To;df klg dlxnfx?dfly ;dfhdf ƒx]sf lje]b ƒ cGofosf] cGTo gofF aGg] ;+ljwfgn] dfq ug{ ;Sg] atfpg' x'G5 pxfF„

hgtfdfem g]t[ ;'j]bLklxnf] ;+ljwfg;efdf pk;efd'v aGg' ePsL g]t[

k"0ff{ clxn] afFs] lhNnf lgjf{rg If]q g+= $ df r'gfjL 3ƒb}nf] cleofgdf x'g'x'G5„ hgtfsf] 3ƒd} k'u]ƒ klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjdf ‚ki6 ax'dt gePsf sfƒ0f Pdfcf]jfbLnfO{ gofF ;+ljwfg agfpg glbPsf] eg]ƒ atfOƒxg' ePsf] 5„ o;k6ssf] r'gfjdf Pdfcf]jfbLnfO{ ‚ki6 ax'dt lbPƒ gofF ;+ljwfg agfpg] sfddf ;xof]u ug{ pxfFn] hgtf;Fu cfu|x ulƒƒxg' ePsf] 5„

hgtfsf u'gf;fnfO{ uDeLƒtfsf ;fy ;'lgƒxg' ePsL g]t[ ;'j]bLn] gofF ;+ljwfg ƒ u0ftGq Pdfcf]jfbLs} Ph]08f ePsf] atfpg' ePsf] 5„ pxfFn] o;k6s klg Pdfcf]jfbL 7'nf] kf6L{ dfq eP b]zdf ePsf ;a} pknJwL u'Dg] ƒ k|ltlqmofjfbLn] ;+ljwfg agfpg glbg] ePsfn] hgtf g} ;hu x'g'kg{] s'ƒfdf hf]8 lbOƒxg' ePsf] 5„ gofF ;+ljwfg agfpg] s'ƒfdf lhDdf lbg] clwsfƒ hgtfsf] ePsfn] klg k|ltufdL ƒ cu|udgsfƒLnfO{ 5'6†ofpg'kg]{ pxfFsf] egfO 5„ 10

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;lsb}g†„ dft[;Qfsf] sAhf kl5 sdhf]ƒ agfOPsf] dlxnfx?sf] jf‚tljs klƒjt{g xƒg afFsL 5„ juL{o d'lQm;Fu} dlxnf d'lQm xƒG5 eGg] dfS;jfbL ;}4flGt dfGotf 5b}5„ tƒ olta]nf Tof]k'jf{wƒ tofƒ ulƒPg eGg] ;}4flGts ;kmntf ldNg ufƒf] 5„ To;sfƒ0f cfhb]lv ƒfhg}lts gofF k'jwfƒ nufotsf uL uxg ;jfndf Wofg lbPƒ gLlt ag]kl5 dfq dlxnfsf] Tofu ƒ alnbfgsf] ƒIff x'g;S5„

cfhsf] @! cf}+ ztfAbLdf cfPƒ klg dlxnfx?nfO{ ƒfhg}lts ?kdf cem} klg sdhf]ƒ dfg]ƒ ljZjf; ulƒb}g„ ƒfhgLlts kf6L{, klƒjfƒ cyjf ;dfhn] dlxnfnfO{ lhDd]jfƒL lbbf klg ;'?ifnfO{ h‚t} ;xh} ƒ ;lhn} lbg] ;+‚sfƒ ljsf; x'g cem} afFsL 5„ dlxnf sdhf]ƒ x'G5g eg]ƒ wd{sf] gfddf lje]b ub}{ bf];|f] bhf{sf] ?kdf ƒflvof]„ dlxnfsf] cfGtlƒs 3ƒsf] rfƒ ltjfƒLdf a‚g] k|0fL x'g eg]ƒ ckx]ngf ;lxtdlxnf

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dlxnf cjnf xf]O{g ;jfn xf]„ bf;tf Pj+ cfTd;dk{0f xf]O{g, k|ltƒf]w ƒ ljƒtfsf] k|lts xf]„ ljZjsdf] Oltxf;df dlxnfx?n] of] cfb{znfO{ afƒDjfƒ rlƒtfy{ uƒ]sf] 5g„ g]kfnsf] ;fdGtafb ljƒf]wL ;+3{ifdf klg xhfƒf}+ dlxnfx?n] cfˆgf] cfbDo ;fx;, ljƒtf ƒ cfbz{nfO{ ‚yflkt uƒ]sf 5g„ bz jif{] dxfg hgo'4df klg dlxnfx?n] o‚tf] ljƒtf k|bz{g uƒ]ƒ Oltxf; sfod uƒ]sf 5g„hg o'4nfO{ pTsif{df k'¥ofpgsf] nflu dlxnfx?sf] of]ubfgnfO{ s;}n] ghƒcGbfh ug{] ;Sb}g„ tƒ kl5Nnf] ;dodf kf6L{ zflGt k|lqmofdf cfO{;s] kl5 dlxnfx?sf] d'2fnfO{ a]jf‚tf uƒ]sf] xf] sL h‚tf] b]lvG5„ h;ƒL o'4sfndf dlxnfsf Ph]08fx? ‚yflkt ePsf lyP ltj| ?kdf p7fO{Psf lyP clxn] Tof] vfnsf] ltj|tf gx'bf z+sf plAhg c‚jefljs xf]O{g„ d'n's Ps

rƒ0faf6 csf{] rƒf0fdf k|j]z ug{ nfu]sf] ePsfn] cndn h‚tf] b]lvg' ‚jefljs} xf]„ tƒ dlxnfsf d'2f lgƒGtƒ ax;df 5g„ cGtt dlxnfsf] k"0f{ d'lQmsf nflu kf6L{ lgƒGtƒ ;+3if{df 5 eGg] s'ƒf xfdLn] e'Ng' x'b}g„ xfdLn] ;xL tlƒsfn] cfh;Ddsf pknAwLx?sf] ƒIff ub{} ƒfHok'g;{+ƒrgfsf] Ph]08f ;lxt gofF ;+3if{ ug'{ kg{] cfjZostf 5„ ;+ljwfg;efaf6} gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f d} xfdLn] Wofg s]lGb|t ug'{k5{„ ;+ljwfg;efaf6} cfPsf] ;+ljwfgn] dfq dlxnfsf xsclwsfƒ ;'lglZrt u5{„ olx ;jfndf kf6L{nfO{ emsemsfpg] ƒ vjƒbfƒL ug]{sfd lgƒGtƒ ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5„ ToxfF klg lkt[;tfTds ;f]r ƒ k|j[lQ xfjL gxf]nf eGg ;lsGg„

;dfh ƒ klƒjfƒdf dfq xf]O{g, dlxnf g]t[Tjsf] k|Zg ƒfhgLlts bnx?df klg uDeLƒ ƒ k]lrnf] aGb} uPsf] 5„ a]n}df kf6L{n] Wofg lbPƒ To;k|sfƒsf] gLlt ƒ sfo{qmd gagfpg] xf] eg] dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutfn] qmflGtsf] ;kmntfsf] Uofƒ]G6L u5{ eGg] ;}4flGts dfGotf dfly k|Zg gp7†nf eGg ;lsb}g„ ;dfh ljsf;s} qmddf dft[;tfTds cj‚yfaf6 dlxnfx? clwsf+z k'?if ;Qfsf] clwg‚y aGg k'u] ƒ dlxnfx? zflƒƒLs b'a{n 5g† eGg] dfgl;s b'a{ntfsf] sfƒ0f dlxnf dfly zf]if0f x'Fb} cfof]„ klƒjfƒsf] 3]ƒfleq aGb]h uƒL g]t[Tj ljsf; ug{, ;dfhdf lx88'n ug{ aGb]h nufO{of], lzIffaf6 alGrt ulƒof]„ ;a} clwsfƒx? pkef]u ug{ lbO{Pg„ cGttM k'ƒif ;Qf ‚yfkgf ePkl5 lghL j‚t' tyf ef]usf] ;fwgsf] ?kdf k|of]u ug{ yflnof]„ o;}sf] lgƒGtƒtfsf] k|efj jt{dfg ;dfhdf klg oyfjt ƒx]sf] kfO{G5„ h;sf sfƒ0f ƒfhgLlts cfGbf]ngsf] Ph]08f leq dlxnfx?n] ef]Ug' kƒ]sf ;d‚ofx? cf]em]ndf kg]{ uƒ]sf 5g†„ tL b]vfj6L 5g† ƒ gfƒfdf dfq l;ldt 5g†„ of] k'?if k|wfg ;dfh ƒ lrGtgsf] pkh xf]„ ;+ljwfg ;ef dfkm{t x'g] ƒfHo k'g;+{ƒrgfdf dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] ljljw ;d‚ofsf] klxrfg ƒ tLgsf] ljBdfg sfg"gL e]befjsf] cGTo, k}lqs ;DklQdf ;dfg clwsfƒ, ljjfx, ;DaGw ljR5]b, ue{ktg, j+zsf] clwsfƒ, ƒfhg}lts k|zf;lgs If]qdf ljz]if clwsfƒ, cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsfƒ, lzIff ‚jf‚Yo ƒf]hufƒ, ;dfg sfdsf] ;dfg Hofnf, nufotsf Ph]08fx? ;lxt dlxnf cfGbf]ng 5]8†g'kg]{ h?ƒL 5„ oL Ph]08fdf ƒfhg}lts bn tyf l;+uf] ;dfhnfO{ cu|;ƒ agfpg'kg]{ cj‚yf 5„ pQm Ph]08f ;lxt p7fOPsf cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;a} qmflGtsfƒL ;+u7g tyf

dlxnfx?sf] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj;lxt ljz]if clwsfƒsf] ;'lglrZt ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg ;'lglZrt ug'{ g} dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] tTsflng sfo{efƒ xf]„ o;f] ulƒPg eg] oqf] ƒfhlglts klƒjt{g x'bfF klg dlxnfx? pTkL8gsf] lzsfƒ algƒxg'kg]{ 5„ l;+ljw

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hgjfbL zlQmx?;Fu hf]8]ƒ gofF hgjfb, ;dfhjfb ƒ ;fDojfb lgdf{0fsf] af6f]df nufpg ;s]dfq jf‚tljs ?kdf dlxnfx?sf] ;f+‚s[lts ?kf0tƒ0f;Fu} ;a}sf] d'lQm ;Dej 5„ o;sf] csf]{ ljsNk 5}g„ of] clwofgdf nfUg dlxnfx?nfO{ hfu?s agfpg' k5{„ dlxnf clwsfƒ ƒ ;fdflhs klƒjt{gsf] cleofgdf h'g k|sfƒsf ;d‚ofx? b]vf kƒ]sf 5g† tL k"0f{ ?kdf xn ug{ klxnf] s'ƒf dlxnfx? g} cuf8L a9†g'k5{„ lsgsL clwsfƒ dfu]ƒ kfO{b}g vf];]ƒ lng'kb{5 eGg] ;}4flGts dfGotf xfdL dlxnfx?n] a'‰g h?ƒL 5„ o;sf nflu ;a} gLltsf] >]i7 gLlt ƒfhgLlt xf], ƒ ;a} ;+u7gsf] >]i7 ;+u7g ƒfhgLlts ;+u7g xf]„ To;}n] kf6L{ ;+u7gx? ;fk]lIfs ‚jfoQtfsf] gLlt cjnDag uƒL b'ƒ b[li6 sfod ub}{ ljz]if of]hgf agfpg h?ƒL 5„ dlxnf cfGbf]ng, ;+u7gn] ƒfhgLlts kf6L{ ƒ ƒfHonfO{ lgƒGtƒ bafj ƒ vjƒbfƒL;Fu} lg0ff{os cfGbf]ngsf] tofƒL ug{ltƒ klg Wofg hfgk5{„

;fdflhs klƒjt{gsf] cfGbf]ng;Fu} ufFl;Psf] k"0f{;dfgtfsf] clwsfƒsf] pkef]u ug{ kfpg' dlxnf d'lQm xf]„ ;dfh Joj‚yfnfO{ klƒjt{g ƒ ;Gt'ng ƒfVg dlxnfsf] clwsfƒ pkef]usf] k|Zg dfq xf]O{g cfjZos ƒ clgjfo{ st{Jo klg xf]„ dlxnf d'lQm cfGbf]ngnfO{ ƒfhgLlts ƒ ;fdflhs klƒjt{gsf] cfGbf]ng;Fu hf]8†g' kb{5„ dlxnf d'lQmsf] ;femf Ph]08f to uƒL, ƒfhgLlts bn ;ƒsfƒ ƒ ƒfHo ;dIf ;+3if{ ug{ltƒ xfdLn] ;f]Rg'k5{„ d'Vot ƒfhgLlts bnn] dlxnf d'lQmsf] ;jfn gfƒfdf dfq l;dLt ƒfVg], ePsf Joj‚yfx? ;d]t sfof{Gjog gug]{, k'?ifk|wfg ;f]rsf lj?4 kf6L{ leq} dlxnfx? Psl9Ssf ePƒ n8†g h?ƒL 5„ dlxnf d'lQmsf] Ph]08f ƒfhgLlts Ph]08f agfpg' kg]{ cfjZostfnfO{ dWo ghƒ ub}}{ dlxnf cfGbf]ngnfO{ cuf8L a9fpg h?ƒL 5„

pko'Qm ;dfwfgsf] kxn ulƒPg eg] dlxnfsf] d'lQmsf] ;jfn cf]em]ndf kg]{ lglZrt 5„ To;}n] dlxnfx?sf] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj;lxt ljz]if clwsfƒsf] ;'lglrZt ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg ;'lglZrt ug'{ g} dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] tTsflng sfo{efƒ xf]„ o;f] ulƒPg eg] oqf] ƒfhlglts klƒjt{g x'bfF klg dlxnfx? pTkL8gsf] lzsfƒ jlgƒxg'kg]{ 5„

juL{o ;dfhdf dlxnf dflysf] zf]if0f klg juL{o zf]if0fs} Ps lx;f xf]„ of] x]bf{ dlxnfdfly k'?ifn] pTkL8g uƒ] h‚tf] b]lvG5„ ƒ xf] klg„ xfdLn] 3ƒ leq}af6 ;dfg clwsfƒ ‚yflkt ug'{k5{„ xƒ]s dlxnfnfO{ 3ƒ leq}f6 ;dfg clwsfƒsf nflu cu|;ƒ agfpg ;tƒ dlxnf cfGbf]ngn] ƒ ;+u7gn] cleifgsf] yfngL ug{ h?ƒL 5„ dlxnfsf] k}t[s ;DktLdf ;dfg clwsfƒsf nflu 3ƒ leq}af6 nflu cfGbf]ng

5]8†g h?ƒL 5„ dlxnf d'lQmsf] klxnf] cfwfƒ k}t[s ;Dkltdf ;dfg clwsfƒ xf]„ of] ;jfnnfO{ x]s dlxnf ;dIf k'ƒofpg h?ƒl 5„

dlxnfsf] ;Dk'0f{ d'lQmsf] nflu ;fdGtjfb lj?4sf] qmflGt;Fu dlxnf cfGbf]ngnfO{ hf]8†g' k5{„ dlxnf dflysf] pTkL8gnfO{ Go'gLsƒ0f ug{ ƒfhlglts ƒ k|zf;lgs If]qdf lj]if clwsfƒsf] Joj‚yfdf hf]8 lbg'k5{„ dlxnfx?sf] cfly{s clwsfƒ tyf cfTdlgƒe{ƒtfsf] nflu ljleGg ‚tƒsf] ;+3{if tyf ;Lkd"ns k|lzIf0f sfoqmdx? ;+rfngdf ƒfHon] Wofg lbg'kb{5„

pTkfbg d'ns ƒf]hufƒLx?df dlxnfsf] ;dfg'kflts clwsfƒnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ ƒfHon] ljz]if sfoqmdx? ;+rfng ug'{k5{„ klƒjfƒ tyf ;dfhdf dof{lbt ‚yfg, lzIff, ‚jf‚Yodf dlxnfsf] df}lns clwsfƒsf] k|Tofe'lt, ‚jtGqtf, ;fF‚s[lts, g}lts, clwsfƒx? k|lt ;r]t uƒfpb} lgƒGtƒcleofg rnfpg' k5{„ ;j} k|sfƒs cGwljZjf; s'ƒLltx?, s'07f, cfTdlxgtf tyf cs{d0otfsf lj?4 dlxnfx?nfO{ a'nGb cfjfh p7fpg ;+u7g ug{ ƒfhlglts bn ;ƒsfƒn] Wofg lbg'k5{„

cfhsf] ;dfh ju{ cGtƒljƒf]wsf] cltlƒQm hflto, If]lqo, eflifs, ;f+‚s[lts ;d‚of ƒ ltgsf] ;dfwfgsf] lgDtLsf] ;+3{if ju{;+3if{ leq} ;d]l6g] ePklg dlxnf d'lQmsf] Ph]08fnfO{ bn, ƒfHo tyf ;ƒsfƒsf] ljz]if k|yldstfsf] ;fy p7fpg h?ƒL 5„ o;sf nflu dlxnf cfGbf]ngn] g} jfWosfƒL cj‚yfsf] ;[hgf ug'k5{„ dlxnf d'lQmsf] ;xL Ph]08f jf]Sg] qmflGtsfƒL ƒfhlglts ;+u7gx?nfO{ g} dlxnfsf Ph]08fdf cem ;+j]bgl;n agfpg dlxnf ;+u7gn] hf]8 lbg'k5{„ l

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wflbª If]q g+= @ df r'gfjL cleofg s;ƒL cufl8 al9ƒx]sf] 5 <

– wflbª @ g+= If]qdf 3ƒb}nf] cleofg, sf]0f;ef, lk9L;ef ub}{ cufl8 al9ƒx]sf] 5„

hgtfsf] pkl‚ylt s‚tf] 5 <hgtfsf] pkl‚ylt Psbd ƒfd|f] 5„ pgLx?df

Ps9ª†un] ƒfhgLlts ljt[i0ff x'Fbfx'Fb} klg b]z r'gfjd} xf]ldPsf] a]nf hgtfsf] kf6L{, ulƒj pTkLl8tsf] kIfdf n8]ƒ cfPsf] Pdfcf]jfbL kf6L{afx]s csf]{ ljsNk 5}g eg]ƒ hgtf nfluƒx]sf 5g†„ tƒ oyfl‚yltjfbLx? vf;uƒL sf+u|]; Pdfn]nufotsf kf6L{x? k~rfotsfnLg r'gfjL ljlw, kfOk, l;d]G6, k};f afF8†g] ef]het]ƒ ug]{ ƒ cfZjf;g lbg] ulƒƒx]sf 5g†„

wflbª If]q g+= @ df r'gfjL tkfO{sf] d'Vo k|lt‚kwf{ sf];Fu x'G5 <

–d'Vo k|lt‚kwf{sf lx;fjn] lqkIfLo k|lt‚kwf{ g} x'G5„ oBlk xfd|f] kf6L{sf] kIfdf Jofks hgnxƒ b]lvPsf] x'Fbf xfd|f k|lt‚kwL{x? lgs} sdhf]ƒ cj‚yfdf 5g†„

To;f] eP ;du| wflbªsf] r'gfjL klƒ0ffd Pdfcf]jfbLsf] kIfdf cfpnf t <

–;du|df xfdL wflbªsf tLgj6} lgjf{rg If]qdf ljho k|fKt u5f}{„ ljutdf klg xfdLn] lht]sf xf}+„ hgtfsf] clwsfƒ xfd|f] Pdfcf]jfbLn] dfq} ‚yflkt ƒ ;'ƒlIft ug{ ;S5„ To;sfƒ0f wflbªdf Pdfcf]jfbL ljho x'g] s'ƒfdf s'g} z+sf 5}g„

wflbªsf hgtfn] Pdfcf]jfbLnfO{ g} lsg dt lbg] <–d'Vo s'ƒf ljrfƒ, of]hgf l;+uf] ƒfi6«sf] g]t[Tj xfd|f]

ljrfƒn] ulƒƒx]sf] 5„ ;+3Lotf, u0ftGq, ;+ljwfg;ef ;dfj]zL, ;dfg'kflts clwsfƒ ;dtfd"ns ;dfj]zL nf]stGq ‚yfkgfsf] nflu cfly{s ;d[l4sf nflu ƒ cu|ufdL ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf nflu PsLs[t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ nfO{ g} lhtfpg' k5{ eGg] s'ƒf ;r]t hgtfn] a'em]sf 5g†„ If]qs} lx;fjn] eGg'xG5 eg] sf+u|]; Pdfn]n] uƒ]sf] ljsf; ƒ xfdLn] ;+ljwfg;efdf uPkl5 $ jif{df uƒ]sf] ljsf; t'ngf ubf{ xfdLn] g}

wflbª clxn] klg Pdfcf]jfbLs} kIfdf

n sNkgf wdnfpDd]bjfƒ Pdfcf]jfbL, wflbª lgjf{rg If]q g+= @

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olta]nf Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf sfo{stf{x?dfly 7fpF7fpFdf cfqmd0f x'g yfn]sf 5g†, tkfO{x?s} l5d]sL lhNnf ƒ;'jfdf klg s]xL lbg cl3 cfqmd0f eof]„ o‚tf] lsg eOƒx]sf] 5 h‚tf] nfU5 <

–of] t klƒjt{g ljyf]Ng rfxg]x? ƒ ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ljyf]Ng rfxg] zlQmx?n] o;f] ulƒƒx]sf 5g†„

k|ltsfƒ ug]{ 9+uaf6 tkfO{x?n] s‚tf] of]hgf agfOƒxg'ePsf] 5 <

–of]hgfsf] lx;fjn] cfOnfUbf hfOnfUg] s'ƒfdf xfdL tofƒ 5f}+„ tƒ xfdL ƒfhgLlts r]tgf ePsfx?n] To;f] ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] xf]„ s;d];sd xfdLn] k|ltsfƒ k|ltƒf]w ug'{ gkƒf];† eGg] d]ƒf] rfxgf xf]„

tƒ g]skf–dfcf]jfbL t klƒjt{gsfƒL zlQm xf]nf lg <–hgtfk|lt pQƒbfoL gx'g], hgtfsf] clwsfƒ

;+‚yfut ug{ sfo{sfƒL e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ gkg]{ s'ƒf dfq} uƒ]ƒ qmflGtsfƒL x'g] eP g]skf–dfcf]jfbLeGbf g]kfn dhb'ƒ ls;fg kf6L{n] ;Fw}elƒ ;dfhjfbL cy{tGq, ;dfhjfbL Joj‚yf eg]ƒ lrRofOƒx]sf] x'G5„ Tof] kf6L{

g} qmflGtsfƒL ƒ klƒjt{gsfƒL zlQm xf] eGg' kg{] x'G5„ ;dfhjfbdf k'Ugsf nflu ;fdGtjfb ƒ k'FhLjfbsf] cGTo ug'{ h?ƒL 5„ af]6df kmn kfs]sf] 5, tƒ af]6df gr9g] k|j[lQ g} g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] qmflGtsflƒtf xf]„ o‚tf] k|j[lQn] s;}nfO{ klƒjt{g ug{ ;Sb}g„

Pdfcf]jfbLsf] b]z}elƒ ljho x'g] ;Defjgf b]v]ƒ o‚tf ultljlwx? ePsf t xf]Ogg <

–of] ;fFrf] x'g ;S5„ Pdfcf]jfbLsf] kIfdf d]rLb]lv dxfsfnL;Dd hgpefƒ plnP{{sf] b]v]ƒ o‚tf ultljlwx? ePsf x'g ;S5g†„ l

of]hgfsf] lx;fjn] cfOnfUbf hfOnfUg] s'ƒfdf xfdL tofƒ 5f}+„ tƒ xfdL ƒfhgLlts r]tgf ePsfx?n] To;f] ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] xf]„ s;d];sd xfdLn] k|ltsfƒ k|ltƒf]w ug'{ gkƒf];† eGg] d]ƒf] rfxgf xf]„

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efƒtsf] d'DaO{df lj.;+. @)#& ;fn ebf} @* ut] hGdg' ePsL Pdfcf]jfbL g]t[ Pjd+ a}t8L If]q g+. @ af6 k|ToIf pDd]åfƒ aGg' ePsL ƒ]0f' rGb ;fg}b]lv ljb|f]xL ‚jefjsf] x'g'x'GYof]„ pxfFsf a'af uf]kfn rGb jfdkGyL cfGbf]ngdf hf]l8Psf sfƒ0f klg pxfFs} k|]ƒ0ffn] pDd]åfƒ rGb ƒfhgLltdf nfUg' eof]„ pxfFsL cfdf ƒfwfb]jL rGbn] klg ƒfhgLltdf nfUg pxfFnfO{ plQs} k|]ƒ0ff lbg' ePsf] lyof]„ d'DaO{sf] ;'ljwf ;DkGg zxƒdf hGd] klg g]kfnsf] ;'b"ƒklZrdsf] cj‚yfn] pxfFsf] dgdf ToxfFsf hgtfsf] nflu s]xL ug{] pT;fx hfUof]„ clg a'af;Fu} k|jf;af6 g} pxfF kf6{Lsf] k"0f{sfnLg ;b‚o x'g'eof]„ pxfFsf a'af @)%@ ;fndf g]kfn kms{]kl5 ;'b"ƒklZrdaf6 g} cfGbf]ngdf hf]l8g' eof]„ z'?df Pstfs]Gb|df sfd ug{] ƒ]0f'sf a'af k|jf; zfvfdf g} Pdfcf]jfbLdf cfpg' ePsf] lyof]„ To;n]

ub{f klg g]t[ rGbnfO{ ƒfhgLltdf ;lqmo ePƒ nfUg ;lhnf] eof]„ k|jf; zfvfaf6} ƒfhgLltdf hf]l8g' ePsL pxfFn] ToxfF ƒxFbf dhb"ƒ, ulƒa ƒ clwsfƒljxLgsf kIfdf ;zQm ePƒ nfUg'eof]„

ƒfhgLlts k[i7e"ldtTsflng dfcf]jfbLn] hgo'4 ;~rfng uƒ]kl5

ƒ]0f' rGbnfO{ klg g]kfnL hgtfsf] d'lQmsf] nflu n8†g'k5{ eGg] r]tgf k}bf eof]„ pxfFn] efƒtdf klg wlgn] ulƒjnfO{ ug{] Jojxfƒ ƒ alnofn] lgw{f]nfO{ ug{] JojxfƒnfO{ ƒfd|f];Fu b]Vg' ePsf] lyof]„ o‚t} c;dfgtfsf sfƒ0f pxfF klg hgo'4df nfUg' eof]„ efƒtsf] k|jf;df ƒxFbf kf6{Lsf] ;+u7g agfpg] sfddf h'l6ƒxg' ePsL g]t[ rGbsf] lj.;+.@)%& ;fndf g]kfndf sfo{If]q tf]lsof]„ pxfF k|jf;af6 ;'b"ƒklZrdsf] ljs6

ƒ]0f' rGb M k|jf;, ;'b"ƒklZrdb]lv ;ef;b†;Ddsf] ;+3if{zLn ofqf

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;ƒsfƒ ƒ dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf] !@ a'Fb] ;dembfƒL cl3 g]t[ rGb kf6{Lsf] 8f]6L lhNnf OGrfh{ x'g'x'GYof]„ o'4sfndf lhNnfs} g]t[Tj uƒ]ƒ cl3 a9†g' Tolt ;xh lyPg„ @)^( ;fn ;fpgdf ePsf] lj‚tflƒt a}7saf6 pxfF Pdfcf]jfbLsf] dxflwj]zg s]Gb|Lo cfof]hs ;ldlt ;b‚o x'g'ePsf] lyof]„ xfn pxfF Pdfcf]jfbLsf] s]Gb|Lo ;b‚o x'g'x'G5„

o'lgkmfO8 sdf08b]lv ;ef;b†;Dd rGbhgo'4df $) k|ltzt dlxnf ;}Go If]qdf ƒx]sf

a]nf o'lgkmfO8 sdf08df ƒx]ƒ ;zQm ?kdf sfd ug{' ePsL g]t[ rGb klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjdf a}t8L lhNnfsf] lgj{frg If]q g+. @ af6 lhTg' ePsf] lyof]„ Tolta]nf dxfsfnL c~rnaf6 g} Psdfq k|ToIf ;ef;b† x'g'x'GYof] rGb„ ;'b"ƒklZrdsf] ljs6 lhNnf a}t8Lsf hgtfn] pxfFnfO{ efƒL dtn] ljho

uƒfPsf lyP„ ha pxfF ;+ljwfg;efdf cfpg' eof] To;kl5 ;'b"ƒklZrdsf d'2fnfO{ ;zQm ePƒ p7fpg z'? ug{'eof]„ ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;+j}wflgs ;ldltsf] ;b‚o aGg' ePsL g]t[ rGbn] If]qut lx;fjn] klg ;'b"ƒklZrd, s0f{fnL e]usf s'ƒf ƒ lnËLo lx;fjdf dlxnfsf d'2fdf ljz]if hf]8 lbg' ePsf] lyof]„

ƒfhgLlt zf‚qdf ‚gfts ug{'ePsL g]t[ rGbn] ;+ljwfg;efleq klg plQs} cfjfh p7fpg' eof]„ cWoIf k|r08sf] g]t[Tjdf ;ƒsfƒ ag]sf] a]nf klg pxfFn] ;'b"ƒklZrdsf] ljsf;sf nflu w]ƒ} k|of; ug{'eof]„ h;sf sfƒ0f Tolta]nf kƒ]sf s]xL of]hgfn] ;'b"ƒklZrddf s]xL ljsf; eof]„ ;+ljwfg;efdf dfq xf]Og, xƒ]s lbg pxfF hgtfsf dfux? lnPƒ l;+xbƒjfƒ k'Ug'x'GYof]„ hgtfsf dfux? h‚tfsf] t‚t} dGqfnodf ƒfVg'x'GYof] ƒ k'ƒf ug{ ;DjlGwt dGqfnodf bjfj lbg'x'GYof]„ To;sf sfƒ0f klg pxfFn] ;'b"ƒklZrddf cfˆgf] ƒfhgLlts JolQmTj ‚yflkt ug{' ePsf] 5„

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dlxnfnfO{ k'?if ;ƒx clwsfƒ lbg] s'ƒf pNn]v ug{'k5{„ dlxnfx¿n] ef]luƒx]sf ;d‚ofx¿, dlxnfx¿nfO{ l;

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af9Lsf] ;d‚of s}nfnLsf] 7"nf] ;d‚of xf]„ oxfFsf hgtf xƒ]s jif{ b'O{ dlxgf;Dd c;fWo} af9Lsf] kL8faf6 56k6fO{ ƒfVg' kƒ]sf] 5„ of] ;d‚of ;dfwfg ug{ ;fgf]ltgf] ah]6n] EofpFb}g„ o;nfO{ 7"nf] of]hgfd} nu]ƒ t6aGwsf] of]hgf cufl8 a9fpg' k5{„ jfln+usf] l;‚6daf6 gbLx¿df t6aGwg ug{'k5{„ af9L k|efljt If]qx¿ hf] 5g†, ToxfF cfsfzdf afbn nfu]sf] b]v]ƒ 3ƒ 5f]8]ƒ efUg'kg{] ;d‚of 5g†„ tL a‚tLx¿nfO{ ;'ƒlIft 7fpFdf n}hfg'kg{] cfjZos 5„ To; 7fpfdf j[Iffƒf]k0f ug{'kg{] x'G5„

cfly{s ;d[l4 ƒ ;fdflhs Gofosf nflu PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL;Fu s] of]hgf 5 <

cfly{s ;d[l4 ƒ ;fdflhs Gofosf nflu o'jf ‚jƒf]hufƒ xfd|f] Pp6f alnof] of]hgf xf]„ xfd|f] kf6L{sf] ;ƒsfƒn] of] of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ vf]h]sf] lyof]„ ljb]z knfog x'g] ljb]z hfFbf ƒ]ld6†ofG; Nofpbf b]znfO{ tTsfnLg kmfObf x'G5„ tƒ bL3{sfnLg ¿kdf 3f6f eOƒx]sf] 5„ o'jf knfog x'g] l‚yltnfO{ k"0f{¿kdf ƒf]Sg' k5{„ To;sf nflu o'jf ‚jƒf]hufƒ sfo{qmdnfO{ k"ƒf ¿kdf sfof{Gjog ug{'kg{] x'G5„ o;n] Psvfn] cfly{s ;dl4 Nofpf5„ tƒ sf+u| ]; Pdfn]n] of] of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf afwf NofPƒ o'jf knfog x'g] l‚yltnfO{ a9fjf lbPsf 5g†„

xfd|f] b]zdf k|fs[lts ;|f]t, ;fwg ƒ ko{6gsf k|r'ƒ ;Defjgfx¿ oxfF 5g†„ sltko ;Defjgf n's]ƒ a;]sf 5g†„ sltko pkof]ulaxLg 5g†„ s0ff{nLs} kfgL Jojl‚yt ug{ ;lsof] eg] To;af6 7"nf] cfly{s ljsf; x'g]

;Defjgf 5„ ;]tL ƒ dxfsfnL gbL klg 5g†„ b]zeƒ k"j{b]lv klZrd;Dd 3'Dbf d}n] ;'b"ƒklZrddf Toltw]ƒ} jg kfPg, hlt s}nfnLdf 5„ o;df klg bL3{sfnLg pkof]u ƒ Joj‚yfkg ug{ ;Sbf ;'b"ƒklZrd p;} klg wgL If]q aGg ;S5„ oxfFaf6 hl8a'6L k|;f]wg s]Gb|x¿ ‚yfkgf ug{ d cufl8 a9†g] 5'„ o;f] ubf{ oxfFs} 9's6Laf6 b]z ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg] x'G5„

;'b"ƒklZrddf s] 5 eGbf, afbL 5g†, b]psL k|yf 5g†, 5fpk8L k|yf 5g†, xlnof, sd}of 5g† eGg] s'ƒf dfq} p7†g] uƒ]sf 5g†„ P8†; nfu]sf dfG5] ;'b"ƒklZrddf a9L kfOG5 eGg] unt k|rfƒ NofOG5 tƒ ;Defjgfsf s'ƒf k|rfƒ gcfpg] uƒ]sf 5g†„ To;nfO{ s;ƒL aflxƒ Nofpg] ƒ pkof]u s;ƒL ug{] eGg] s'ƒfsf] of]hgf xfdL;Fu 5„ of] of]hgf sfof{Gjog gubf{ xfdLn] alxƒaf6 k'FhL Nofpg'kg{] ;d‚ofaf6 jf‚tjd} d'Qm x'G5f}+„ of]hgf gePsfn] g} g]kfn kl5 kƒ]sf] xf]„ xfdLn] xfdL;Fu ePsf of]hgf nfu" uƒ]ƒ 7"nf] b]zx¿;Fu k|lt‚kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgf b]v]sf 5f}+„ hf];Fu of]hgf 5, Tof];Du afubf]ƒ 5}g„ of]hgf gePsfx¿n] afubf]ƒ ;Dxfn]ƒ a;]sfn] b]z k5fl8 kb{} uPsf] 5„

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a'afs} k|]ƒ0ffn] ƒ Pdfn]df cfa4 ePsf sfƒ0fn] ;Ltf @)$( ;fndf Pdfn] lgs6 ljBfy{L OsfOsf] ufpF

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blntnfO{ 5'jf5't ug{] k|j[lQ, clwsfƒ ;'lglZrt ug{ xƒ]s If]qdf dlxnf, blnt, d'l‚nd Pj+ s0f{fnL If]qnfO{ ljz]if clwsfƒ ;lxtsf] ;'ljwf cfjZos kg{] s'ƒf p7fpg' ePsf] 5„ pxfF eGg'x'G5, blntnfO{ 5'jf5't ug{] ƒ xƒ]s If]qdf dlxnf, cflbjf;L÷hghflt tyf ;LdfGts[t ju{nfO{ k5fl8 kfg{] k|j[lQ ƒ b'O{ ju{sf] lzIff gLlt cGt ug{'k5{ eGg] d]ƒf] wfƒ0ff 5„

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blntdflysf x'g] ToxL lje]b ƒ gsfƒfTds Jojxfƒaf6 d'lQm kfpgsf nflu ;Ltfn] dfcf]jfbL k|j]z ug{'ePsf] lyof]„

pxfF dfcf]jfbLdf cfa4 ƒx]sf sfƒ0f ;dfhn] pxfFsf] 3ƒklƒjfƒnfO{ jlxisfƒ ug{], d]nfkft nfg]–Nofpg] gug{], c}+rf]k}+rf] grnfpg] ug{ yfn]sf lyP„ k|xƒL k|zf;gn] hxfF uP klg kl5 nfUg] sfƒ0fn] ub{f klg pxfFn] dfcf]jfbLsf] k"0f{sfnLg ;b‚o aGg jfWo x'g' ePsf] lyof]„ pxfF eGg'x'G5, cem kL8fbfoL s'ƒf t xfd|f] 3ƒdf ;'ƒIffsd{Ln] !# k6s;Dd 5fkf dfƒ]sf] lyof]„

d]ƒf] a'afnfO{ ƒftL ƒftL sGr6df aGb's t]‚o{fPƒ wDsL lbg] ulƒGYof]„ d]ƒf] 7"nf] efO kf6{Ldf vf;} ;+nUg gePklg p;nfO{ ;'ƒIffkmf}hn] ckxƒ0f uƒL # dlxgf j]kQf ƒ !^ dlxgf h]n ƒfVof]„ jGbLk|ToIfLsƒ0f lƒ6 xfn]ƒ d'Qm ePsf $@ hgfdWo] d]ƒf] efO klg kb{5 . k|xƒL cfPƒ 5fkf dfg{', ufpF3ƒdf k|xƒL 8'Ng' ƒ 3ƒklƒjfƒsf ;b‚ox¿nfO{ k|xƒL k|zf;gn] b'Mv lbOƒxg'df ;Ltf g} lhDd]jfƒ ƒx]sf] eGg] vfnsf] ufpFdfJojxfƒ x'GYof]„

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!% ut] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf rGb|ljqmd u'¿ª;Fu ePsf] lyof]„ ;Ltf tLg dlxgfsL ue{jtL x'Fbf pxfFsf >Ldfg rGb|ljqmdnfO{ ;]gfn] kqmfp uƒ]sf lyP„ efO u'dfPsf] % dlxgfkl5 ;Ltfsf >LdfGnfO{ ;]gfn] 3]ƒf xfn]ƒ @)^@ j}zfv !$ ut] lrtjgdf xTof ub{f ;Ltf @@ lbgsL ;'Ts]ƒL x'g'x'GYof]„

k|ultzLn snfsfƒ r'g' u'?ªaf6 ;a}eGbf a9L k]|lƒt ;Ltf b"w vfg] aRrf jf]Sb} ;dfhsf ljs[lt, lj;Ëlt, hftLo lje]b, blntk|lt ulƒg] e]befj lj?4 nfUg'ePsf] lyof]„ pxfF eGg'x'G5, kf6{L ƒ ƒfhgLlts hLjgd} klg dlxnfx¿aLr b]vfkg{] c‚j‚Yo k|lt‚kw{f, dlxnf ƒ k'?ifaLr ;dfg Ifdtf ƒ x}l;ot x'Fbfx'Fb} klg lhDd]jfƒL x‚tfGtƒ0fdf JoQm x'g] lje]bn] dnfO{ cToGt dd{fxt t'NofpF5„

gjnkƒf;L If ]q g+ # af6 klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf nflu k|ToIfaf6 r'gfj lhTg' ePsf] lyof] eg] clxn] klg Tolxaf6 pd]jfƒ x'gePsf] 5„ gjnkƒf;Lsf hgtfn] pxfFnfO{ clxn] klg cTolws dtn] ljho agfpg] bfaL ug'{ x'G5„

pxf Fn] df }lns xs, ;dfj]zLsƒ0f, dlxnfnfO{ %) k|ltzt ƒ blnt dlxnfnfO{ ljz]if clwsfƒ ;lxtsf] ;'ljwf cfjZos kg{] s'ƒf p7fpFb} cfpg' ePsf] 5„

blntnfO{ 5'jf5't ug{] k|j[lQ, clwsfƒ ;'lglZrt ug{ xƒ]s If]qdf dlxnf, blnt, d'l‚nd Pj+ s0f{fnL If]qnfO{ ljz]if clwsfƒ ;lxtsf] ;'ljwf cfjZos kg{] s'ƒf p7fpg' ePsf] 5„ pxfF eGg'x'G5, blntnfO{ 5'jf5't ug{] ƒ xƒ]s If]qdf dlxnf, cflbjf;L÷hghflt tyf ;LdfGts[t ju{nfO{ k5fl8 kfg{] k|j[lQ ƒ b'O{ ju{sf] lzIff gLlt cGt ug{'k5{ eGg] d]ƒf] wfƒ0ff 5„

dlxnfnfO{ bf];|f] bhf{sf] gfulƒs ;ƒx Jojxfƒ ulƒg] ƒ blntnfO{ dfgjsf] Jojxfƒ gulƒg] clxn]sf] of] cj‚yfdf cfkm†gf] bf];|f] k6ssf] pd]bjfƒL r'gf}ltk"0f{ ƒx]sf] pgsf] egfO 5„ ;Ltf clxn];Ddsf] ƒfhgLlts hLjgdf ;'v ƒ b'Mv b'a} ƒx]sf] cg'ej ;'gfpg'x'G5„ ;‹if{df d}n] d]ƒf] >Ldfg ƒ efO u'dfPF„ xhfƒf}+ g]kfnLx¿ ;lxb eP ƒ tL ;lxbx¿ ;Ddflgt ƒ dfu{bz{s kfq x'g„ xƒ]s dlxnfn] ;‹if{af6 kf7 l;sg„ l

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PsLs[t g]skf-dfcf]jfbL_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;b‚o Pjd† cg]d;+3 -qmflGtsfƒL_ sL sGb|Lo ;+of]hs ;Ltf kf]v|]n tgx'F 3fF;Ls'jf ! uf=lj=;= @)@* c;fƒ !% ut] hGdg' ePsf] xf]„ ;fg}b]lv ljb|f]xL ‚jefj ePsL g]t[ kf]v|]n bf]>f] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf tgx'F lgjf{rg If]q g+ ! af6 k|ToIftkm{sf] pDd]bjfƒ aGg' ePsf] 5„ cfdf eLdfb]jL kf]v|]n ƒ a'af bL3{gfƒfo0f kf]v|]nsL 5f]ƒL pxfFnfO{ ;dfhdf dlxnf ƒ k'?ifaLr ePsf] lje]b, wgL ƒ ulƒaaLr ePsf] lje]bn] ƒfhgLltdf nfUg k|]lƒt u¥of]„

ƒfhgLlts klƒjfƒdf hGdg' ePsL g]t[ kf]v|]nsf bfh'x? k~rfot lj?4sf] ƒfhgLltdf ;lqmo ePs} sfƒ0f klg pxfFnfO{ ƒfhgLltdf nfUg ;lhnf] eof]„ @)%# ;fndf ƒfhgLltd} ƒxFbf tTsflng hgdf]rf{sf sf]iffWoIf tyf xfn Pdfcf]jfbLsf s]Gb|Lo ;b‚o ljZjgfy zfx;Fu pxfFsf] ljjfx ePsf] xf]„ clxn] pxfFsf] Pp6f 5f]ƒf x'g'x'G5„

ƒfhgLlts k[i7e"ld lj=;+= @)$@÷)$# ;fnltƒ pxfFsf bfh'x? ƒftL

3ƒdf hDdf ePƒ k~rfotsf lj?4 5nkmn ubf{ g]t[ kf]v|]n lrof ksfPƒ v'jfpg] ƒ lr¶L cfbfg–k|bfg ug]{ sfd ug'{x'GYof]„ bfh'x?s} s'ƒf ;'g]ƒ pxfFnfO{ ;dfhdf ljBdfg cGofo ƒ cTofrfƒsf lj?4 ;+3if{ ug]{ OR5f hfUof]„ @)$% ;fndf ?knfn lji6sf] g]t[Tjdf ‚yflkt ;j{xfƒfjfbL >lds ;+u7gsf] ;b‚otf lnPƒ ƒfhgLltdf nfUg' eof] pxfF„ ‚s'n k9†bfb]lv ‚s"n OsfO{ ;ldltdf ƒx]ƒ sfd ug'{ ePsL g]t[ kf]v|]n @)$* ;fnb]lv g]skf -Pstfs]Gb|_ df cfa4 x'g'eof]„ @)$( ;fnb]lv g]skf -Pstfs]Gb_ sf] eft[ ;+u7ggsf] lhNnfsf] lhDdf pxfFnfO{ k¥of]„ Tolta]nf dlxnfnfO{ ƒfhgLlt ug'{ cToGt} ufXf] lyof]„ s'g} k'?if;Fu lx8]sf] b]v]df nf} kmnfgfsf] 5f]ƒL lalu|Pƒ vQd kf] eO eGg] cfIf]k nfUof] pxfFnfO{„ To;df klg kf6L{sf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf ƒftL–ƒftL slxn] PSn} t

;+3if{sf] csf]{ gfdn ;Ltf kf]v|]n tgx'F lgjf{rg If]q g+ ! af6 k|ToIftkm{sL pDd]bjfƒ

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slxn] k'?if ;fyL;Fu lx8†bf pxfFn] ;dfhaf6 y'k|} cfIf]kx? v]Kg' k¥of]„ ƒfhgLltdf ;lqmo x'Fb} hfFbf g]t[ kf]v|]n @)%) ;fnb]lv @)%! ;fn;Dd cg]ƒf‚jljo"sf] s]Gb|Lo ;b‚o x'g' eof]„ pxfFn] Tolta]nf kf6L{n] lbPsf] lhDd]jfƒL axg ub}{ hfg' eof]„ @)%) b]lv @)%# ;fn;Dd clvn g]kfn hgjfbL o'jf lnusf] s]Gb|Lo ;b‚o aGg' eof] pxfF„ o‚t} qmddf pxfFn] @)^! ;fn;Dd kf6L{n] lbPsf ;a} lhDd]jfƒL ;lqmotfsf ;fy ;DxfNg' eof] g]t[ kf]v|]nn]„ lj=;+= @)^^ ;fndf kf6L{ Pstf ePkl5 c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsfƒL_ sf] ;x;+of]hs x'g' eof] kf]v|]n„ @)^( ;fnb]lv c=g]=d ;+3 -qmflGtsfƒL_ sf] s]Gb|Lo ;+of]hs x'Fb} pxfFn] dlxnf clwsfƒ ƒ dlxnfsf d'2fnfO{ ;zQm ?kdf p7fpFb} cfpg' ePsf] 5„ @)^( ;fndf Pdfcf]jfbLsf] s]Gb|Lo ;b‚o aGg' eof]„

;+ljwfg;efdf g]t[ kf]v|]n clwsfƒljxLgx?sf] nflu n8†b} cfpg' ePsL kf]v|]n lgod–sfg"g

agfpg] 7fpF;Dd k'Ug' eof]„ @)^$ ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf ;dfg'kfltstkm{ ;ef;b† aGg' ePsL pxfF ;+ljwfg;efcGtu{tsf] df}lns xs tyf lgb]{zs l;4fGt ;ldlt ƒ Joj‚yflksf ;+;bcGtu{t ƒx]sf] dlxnf, afnaflnsf ƒ ;dfh sNof0f ;ldltdf sfd ug'{eof]„ Tolta]nf gofF aGg] ;+ljwfgdf dw]zL, dlxnf, cflbjf;L, hghflt, blnt, cNk;+Vos ƒ s0ff{nL If]qdf a;f]jf; ug]{ hgtfsf xs–clwsfƒ ;'lglZrt ug]{ c8fg pxfFn] ;+ljwfg;ef ejgdf lgƒGtƒ lnOƒxg' eof]„ tgx'Fdf hlGdPƒ x's]{sL kf]v|]nnfO{ dw]zdf ljjfx ubf{ ToxfFsf] ;dfh ƒ dlxnfx?dfly ePsf bdgx? ƒfd|f];Fu lgofNg] cj;ƒ ldNof]„ pxfFn] ;+ljwf;ef ejgdf klg clwsfƒljxLgx?sf nflu v'n]ƒ cfjfh lgsfNg' eof]„ dlxnfx?dfly ePsf bfOhf] k|yf, cgd]n k|yf, b]psL k|yfnufotsf s'lƒltsf lj?4 pxfFn] ;+ljwfg;ef ejgdf ;d]t ;zQm ePƒ cfjfh lgsfNg' eof]„

pxfFn] ;+ljwf;ef ejgdf klg clwsfƒljxLgsf nflu v'n]ƒ cfjfh lgsfNg' eof]„ dlxnfx?dfly ePsf bfOhf] k|yf, cgd]n k|yf, b]psL k|yfnufotsf s'lƒltsf lj?4 pxfFn] ;+ljwfg;ef ejgdf ;d]t ;zQm ePƒ cfjfh lgsfNg' eof]„

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8f]Nkfsf] lns' uflj; j8f g+ $ sf] lns' ufpFdf lj=; @)#$ ;fn c;f]h & ut] hGdg' ePsL Pdfcf]jfbLsL s]Gb|Lo ;b‚o ;To kxf8L ;fg}b]lv ;dfhdf eOƒx]sf cGofo ƒ lje]bsf lj?4 nl8ƒxg' ePsf] 5„ cfdf ykgf kxf8L ƒ a'af uf]lkk|;fb kxf8LsL 5f]ƒL ;To kxf8L klxnf] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf ;dfg'kflts ;ef;b† aGg' ePsf] lyof]„ hgo'4s} bf}ƒfgdf @)%# ;fndf hfhƒsf]6sf] vn+ufdf Pdfcf]jfbL g]tf zlQm j‚g]t;Fu pxfFn] hgjfbL ljjfx ug'{ ePsf] lyof]„ pxfFsf] Ps 5f]ƒL klg hgo'4d} hlGdPƒ y'k|} sl7gfO;Fu h'Wg' kƒ]sf] lyof]„

ƒfhgLlts k[i7e"ld 8f]Nkfsf] ljut lhNnfdf hGd]kl5 g]t[ kxf8L

lzIffaf6 eg] al~rt x'g' kƒ]g„ ‚s'n k9†bf–k9†b} c;dfgtfsf] lj?4df n8†g'k5{ eGg] efjgf hfu]sf] lyof] pxfFdf„ ;dfhdf dfq xf]Og pxfFsf] 3ƒleq klg c;dfgtf lyof]„ pxfFsf] a'af uf]kLk|;fb ;fdfGo ls;fg x'g'x'GYof] eg] dfOnf a'af dGqL ePsfn] klg 3ƒleq c;dfgtf lyof]„ dfOnf a'afsf 5f]ƒf5f]ƒL Tolta]nf sf7df8f}+df k9†g] tƒ g]t[ kxf8Lsf] klƒjfƒdf eg] cfly{s ;d‚of lgSs} r'lnPsf] lyof]„ ;Ton] ƒfhgLltdf kf6L{ ƒ ljrfƒ x'G5 eg]ƒ ƒfd|ƒL yfxf gkfpFb} ljBfnodf cfkm†gf] clwsfƒsf nflu eg]ƒ ;Tonufotsf s]xL ;fyLx?n] ljBfyL{sf] Pp6f ;+u7g agfpg' ePsf] lyof]„ tƒ ;+u7g agfP nuQ} ljBfnon] pxfFnufotsf ;+u7g agfpg] ;a}nfO{ lg‚sfzg uƒ]sf] lyof]„ h;sf sfƒ0f g]t[ kxf8L s]xL ;do 3ƒd} k9fO{ 5f]8]ƒ a‚g' kƒ]sf] lyof]„ s]xL ;dokl5 pxfFnfO{ k'g ToxL ljBfnon] egf{ lnof] ƒ pxfFn] P;Pn;L plQ0f{

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ug{ kfpg' eof]„ lj=; @)$* ;fndf g]t[ kxf8L cg]ƒf‚jljo"-qmflGtsfƒL_ sf] lhNnf sf]iffWoIf aGg' eof]„ ToxL jif{ pxfF g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -Pstfs]Gb__ df cfa4 x'g'eof]„ k9fO{ ƒ ƒfhgLltnfO{ ;Fu;Fu} n}hfFb} ubf{ pxfF @)%) ;fndf ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{sf] k"0f{sflng ;b‚o aGg' eof]„

tTsflng dfcf]jfbLn] @)%@ ;fndf z'? uƒ]sf hgo'4df pxfF klg e"ldut x'g' eof]„ ƒfhgLltdf nfu]s} sfƒ0fn] w]ƒ} k6s tTsfnLg ;'ƒIffkmf}hsf] 3]ƒf tf]8]ƒ efu] klg @)%$ ;fndf kf6L{sf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf hfFb} ubf{ pxfF kqmfp kg'{eof]„ !! lbg;Dd lxƒf;tdf a;]kl5 pxfF lƒxf t x'g'eof] tƒ To;sf] Ps jif{kl5 ;'v]{t lHfNnfdf kf6L{ sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf hfFbf km]lƒ kqmfp kg'{eof]„

kqmfpsf] qmddf pxfFnfO{ 8]9 dlxgf;Dd a]kQf agfOof]„ slxn] hfhƒsf]6, slxn] ?s'd t g]kfnu~h ;fb}{ pxfFnfO{ s]Gb|Lo sfƒfufƒ sf7df8f}+df ƒflvof]„ Tolta]nf pxfFn] kfPsf oftgfn] clxn];Dd klg zlƒƒ b'Vg] uƒ]sf] 5„ h]nsf] oftgfsf afah'b klg pxfFn] y'k|} ;+3if{ ug'{eof]„ h]nleq} w]ƒ} k6s ef]s x8†tfn uƒ]ƒ eP klg clwsfƒsf nflu n8†g' eof] kxf8L„ cfkm†g} cufl8 h]nleq} anfTsfƒ uƒ]ƒ dlxnfsf] xTof uƒ]sf y'k|} 36gfx? h]nleq ePsf] kxf8L atfpg' x'G5„ tƒ pxfF eg] hlt;'s} s7f]ƒ oftgf kfP klg slxNo} ljrfƒdf uNg' ePg„ xft v'§fsf cf}+nf ƒ k}tnfdf ltvf] l;of]n] 3f]Rg] ƒ k}tnfdf kfOkn] lxsf{Pƒ rƒd oftgf kfpFbf klg g]t[ kxf8Ln] slxNo} b'Zdgsf] cuf8L 3'F8f 6]Sg' ePg„

@)%% ;fndf kqmfp kg'{ ePsL kxf8L )%* ;fn c;f]h dlxgfdf tTsflng ;ƒsfƒ ƒ dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf] klxnf] zflGt jftf{sf qmddf 5'6†g' eof]„ To;kl5 pxfF km]lƒ kf6L{n] lbPsf] lhDd]jfƒL k'ƒf ug{ h'6†g' eof]„ @)%( ;fndf If]qLo Ao"ƒf] ;b‚o x'g ePsL g]t[ kxf8Ln] o'4sfndf y'k|} oftgf ƒ sl7gfOx?sf] ;fdgf ug'{k¥of]„ @)^$ ;fndf e]ƒL s0ff{nL ƒfHo ;ldlt ;b‚o aGg' ePsL kxf8L clxn] Pdfcf]jfbLsf] s]Gb|Lo ;b‚o x'g'x'G5„

;ef;b ƒ dGqL zflGt k|lqmofkl5 @)^# ;fndf k'g‚yflkt

cGtlƒd Joj‚yflksf ;+;bsf] ;b‚o ePƒ g]t[ kxf8Ln] z;Qm ?kdf cfkm†gf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{eof]„ klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ;dfg'kfltstkm{ ;ef;b aGg' ePsL pxfF k|fs[lt >f]t ƒ ;fwg ;ldltsf] ;b‚o ;d]t aGg'eof]„ ;ldltx?df k|fs[lts >f]t ;fwgdf dlxnfsf] kx'Fr, jg, phf{, hn>f]tdf ‚yfgLo hgtfsf] kx'Frsf ljifodf z;Qm ?kdf pxfFn] cfjfh p7fpg' ePsf] lyof]„ ^ dlxgf;Dd zflGt tyf k'glgdf{0f dGqL ;d]t aGg' ePsL g]t[ kxf8Ln] h]nsf rƒd oftgf ƒ l;+xbƒjfƒleqsf] cg'ej

xfFl;n ug'{eof]„ dGqL aGbf pxfFn] y'k|} hgd'vL sfd ug]{ k|of; ug'{eof] tƒ 5f]6f] ;do ePsfn] klg ;f]r] h‚tf] sfd ug{ g;s]sf] cg'ej ug'{eof]„

;flxTo l;h{gfdf ?rL lj=;= @)%) ;fndf hg;fF‚s[lts

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cfdf gf}dtL 3tL{duƒ ƒ a'jf k|;fb 3tL{duƒsf] 5f]ƒL cf]g;ƒL 3tL{sf] ;fg}b]lv ljb|f]xL ‚jefj lyof]„ ufpF 3ƒdf x'g] wlg ƒ ulƒaaLrsf] lje]bnfO{ pxfFn] ;fg}b]lv lgoflnƒxg' ePsf] lyof]„ olx lje]bsf] cGTosf nflu pxfFn] ljBfyL{ hLjgb]lv g} ;+3if{ z'? ug'{ eof]„ @)#$ ;fn sflt{s @* ut] ƒf]Nkfsf] hª†sf]6df hGdg' ePsL 3lt{ ;fdfGo ls;fg klƒjfƒdf x's{g' eof]„

ƒfhgLlts k[i7e"ld @)$^ ;fndf ljBfyL{ PsfO{ ;ldlt dfkm{t

sDo'lgi6 ƒfhgLltdf nfUg' eof] pxfF„ z'?df dzfn ƒ kl5 Pstfs]Gb| x'Fb} dfcf]jfbL kf6L{df ƒx]ƒ pxfFn] h'emf? ƒ ;zQm ?kdf sfd ug'{eof]„ ljBfyL{ ;+u7gdf ;lqmo x'g yfn]kl5 pxfFn] cfkm†gf] ;kgf cfGbf]ngaf6} k|fKt x'g] s'ƒf a'em†g yfNg' eof]„ ƒfhgLltdf nfu]s} cfƒf]kdf pxfFnfO{ @)$* ;fnltƒ k|xƒLn] kqmfp uƒ]ƒ lbgelƒ y'g]ƒ ƒfVof]„ To;kl5 pxfFdf ƒfhgLltdf c;dfgtf ƒ lje]bsf] lj?4 nfUg'k5{ eGg] r]tgfsf] ljsf; eof]„ clg pxfF cw{e"ldut ePƒ sfd ug{ yfNg' eof]„ @)%@ ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] dfcf]jfbLn] ;+rfng uƒ]sf] hgo'4sf] z'?s} lbg ƒf]Nkf lhNnfsf] xf]n]ƒL k|xƒL rf}sL xfGg] of]hgf aGof]„

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tƒ Tolta]nf Pp6f dfq ƒfOkmn ePsfn] klg Tolx of]hgf cGtu{t 3lt{n] b'O{j6f l;;fsf] ad lnPƒ k|xƒL rf}sL xfGg' ePsf] lyof]„ Tolx rf}sL cfqmd0f uƒ]kl5 tTsflng dfcf]jfbLn] ljlwjt ?kdf hgo'4sf] 3f]if0ff uƒ]sf] xf]„ @)%@ ;fn ebf} !! ut] Pdfcf]jfbL g]tf jif{dfg k'g;Fu hgjfbL ljjfx ug'{ePsL 3lt{n] y'k|} ƒfhgLlt ƒ kmf}hL sfƒjfxLdf efu lng'eof]„ ;ft dlxgfsf] ue{jlt ePsf] a]nf k|xƒLsf] 3]ƒfdf kƒ]kl5 5xƒfaf6 xfd kmfn]ƒ ;d]t afFRg' eof] pxfF„ To;sf] s]lx lbgd} ;ft dlxgfsf] aRRff hlGdPkl5 klg pxfF k|xƒLsf] 3]ƒfdf kƒ]klg aRRff ;lxt efu]ƒ afFRg ;kmn x'g'eof]„ hgtfn] sl7geGbf klg sl7g df]8df klg pxfFnfO{ b'Zdgsf] sAhfaf6 n'sfPƒ ;'ƒIff lbPsf If0fx? pxfFnfO{ tfh} 5g†„ 5f]ƒL b'O{ jif{sL eO;s]kl5 pxfF bfª lHfNnfsf] OGrfh{ ePƒ sfd ug'{eof]„ @)%* ;fndf pxfF km]lƒ ;}Go If]qsf] lhDd]jfƒL lnFb} k"jf{~rn If]qdf ;?jf x'g'eof]„ pxfFn] k"j{ ƒ klZrdsf ulƒ bh{gf}+ n8fO{df z;Qm ePƒ cfkm†gf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{ eof]„ @)^) ;fndf pxfFnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf ƒfVof] ƒ xfn pxfF s]Gb|Lo ;b‚o x'g'x'G5„

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kmƒs ePsf] a'emfO{ pxfFsf] 5„ Tolta]nf pxfF ufpFsL Psdfq 5f]ƒL nfn;]gf aGg'eof]„ o'4sflng y'k|} kL8f ƒ sl7gfOsf] cg'e"lt a6'Ng' ePsL g]t[ 3lt{ zflGt k|lqmofkl5 klg plQs} ;lqmof ePƒ ƒfhgLltdf nfUg' ePsf] 5„ o'jf tyf v]ns'b dGqL 5f]6f] ;dosf] nflu ePklg pxfFn] v]ns'b If]qdf w]ƒ} ;'wfƒ ug]{ k|of; ug'{ ePsf] lyof]„ v]nf8Lx? ƒfi6«sf uxgf x'g† eGg] pxfF v]ns'b If]qdf ;'wfƒ ug{'Kfg]{ w]ƒ} s'ƒf ePsf] atfpg' x'G5„ klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf ;dfg'kflts tkm{ ;ef;b aGg' ePsL 3lt{ cf;Gg ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfadf ƒf]Nkf If]q g+ @ af6 k|ToIftkm{ pDd]bjfƒ aGg'ePsf] 5„ clxn] pxfF ƒf]Nkfsf ufpF–ufpFdf hgtfx?;Fu 5nkmndf Jo‚t x'g'x'G5„ ƒf]NkfnL e"ldaf6 hgo'4df nfUg' ePsL 3lt{nfO{ cfkm†g} lhNnfdf kfPkl5 olta]nf >dlhjL ƒf]NkfnLx? lgSs} v'zL ePsf] pxfF atfpg' x'G5„

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When did you first come to Australia?

I landed in Sydney for the first time in Feb 2004 to pursue my Master’s degree in Environmental Science at the University of Sydney as an AusAIDscholar. Completed my study, went back to Nepal worked for 2 years and come back to Sydney again in 2007.

Educational background

I earned Masters in Environmental Science from the University of Sydney and Masters in Natural resources Management from Nepal Engineering College and Bachelors in Environmental Science from St Xavier’s College, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Difference between student life then and professional life now?

As a student my priority then was obviously my study as I was also an AusAID scholar. So I had to spend most of my time at the university doing academic stuff. But I used to do casual works during weekends and term breaks. That helps me to generate some pocket money.

I feel much relieved to not have academic pressure at the moment. I work four days a week and sometimes get occupied in community works during the weekend. Apart from that I am also a mother to a 2 year old boy which keeps me engaged in most of my free times.

What are you doing at the moment?

I am working part-time as a Sustainability Officer at a Local Council in Sydney. My role focused on developing and implementing environmental and sustainability programs for the local community, schools or businesses as required. Major part of my role involves designing and conducting environmental educational programs.

I am also working as a consultant for an organisation called Centre for Environmental Education Australia, whose parent organisation is in India. I am involved in a project called Global Citizenship for Sustainability- Marine, which is an interactive educational program on coastalbiodiversity conservation between the schools in Gujarat, India and Queensland, Australia.

I have also been a part of a Nepali Community

Organisation called Small Earth Australia (SEA). SEA is committed to deliver programs on health, education and environment sector especially in Nepal. Since my involvement in SEA, we have conducted various sustainable living workshops in Australia.

Overall, my role focusses in bringing behavioural change through knowledge sharing and action via community participation.

ProfessionalBackground

I am an environmental professional with proven knowledge and fieldwork experience in Australia and Nepal. I have gained experience in developing and implementing sustainability initiatives to diverse stakeholders. My interest in sustainability has also seen me involved in conducting training and workshops to various stakeholders ranging from school students, businesses, youths and community groups on sustainable living.

I started my career in Sydney as a Project officer at the Centre for Environment Education, Australia. I also spent a year doing administrative role for a private company. Then I landed to Sensis Pty Ltd and served as GIS technician for few years.

What kind of contribution you can make to Nepal?

Even though I am physically away, Nepal has always been close to my mind and heart. In that sense, I am always happy to provide any kind of support to Nepal in any possible way I can. My major interest are encouraging sustainable living practices, and educating and creating awareness within communities through sustainability education.

Recen t l y, I conduc ted a househo ld wastemanagement workshop for a local organization in Eastern Nepal named, Keep Itahari Clean (KIC). KIC is a group of enthusiastic volunteer committed inmaking Itahariclean and green. We used video conferencing to deliver the workshop. I am more than happy to share my professional skills and expertisewhere applicable. l

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nflu ‚jf‚YosdL{n] l;sfPh‚t} lgoldt Jofofd -s]jn Jofofd_ uƒ]df kf7]3ƒ ;fljssf] 7fp“df hfG5„ o;af6 kf7]3ƒ emg]{ ;d‚of ƒx“b}g„

l bf];|f] rƒ0fsf] kf7]3ƒ v‚g] ;d‚ofsf] ;dfwfgsf] nflu bIf ‚jf‚YosdL{n] kf7]3ƒnfO{ Knfl‚6ssf lƒª† ƒfv]ƒ leq k7fOlbG5g†„ of] ƒfv]sf] lƒª†af6 s'g} lsl;dsf] of}g ;+qmd0f gxf];† eGgsf nflu xƒ]s tLg dlxgfdf ‚jf‚Yo ;+‚yfdf uO{ km]g'{ kb{5„

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