8.Geriatric English College

8/10/2019 8.Geriatric English College

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GERIATRIC

Edu S. Tehupeiory

BAGIANGERIATRI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS

HASANUDDIN

RUMAH SAKIT DR. WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO

MAKASSAR


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INTRODUCTION

Definition :

GERONTOLOGY

Scientific study of the phenomena of old

age. The study of the biological,psychological, and sosiological phenomenaassociated with old age and aging.


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GERIATRICS

That branch of medical science which isconcerned with old age and its disease.

This branch that deals with the diagnosis

and treatment of diseases and problemsspecific to the aged.


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GERIATRICIAN

A physician who specializes in geriatrics.Geritrician have had 3 senses.

Sense of love, sense of belonging and

sense of responsibility.


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ASPECT OF GERONTOLOGY ANDINTRODUCTION TO GERIATRIC

THEORY FOR GETTING OLD

1. Genetic Clock

Getting old is programmed by genetic process for eachspecies.

For each species, the genetic clock is in the nuclei of

cells and replicated by special mechanism. According to this concept if the clock stop, the species

die.


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2. Somatic mutation

Progressive mutation of DNA.

Hypothesis : Error Catastrophe

# Transcription abnormality

# Translation abnormality

As a result of being formed the abnormal enzyme.

As a result of the reaction of abnormal metabolism.


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3. Senescence of the immune system.

The immune system changes with age

Cell-mediated and humoral immune responseto foreign Ag are decreased, while theresponse to autologous Ag is increased

The changes in the immune system thataccompany aging have been defined andrelated to the involution of the thymus gland.


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4.Free radicals

The free radical could be formed in the wild free, as

the side product in chain of breathing insidemitokondria (Oen LH 1993).

The free radical can damage because of being reactiveas well as to be able to react with DNA, protein, the

fatty acid in the cell membrane.


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Getting old but still health(HEALTHY AGING)

Gerontology is concerned primarily with ofhealthy aging rather than the prevention ofaging (Takemi 1977).

Healthy aging is influenced by :

- Endogenic Aging

- Exogenic Factors(Boedhi Darmojo 1994)


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Endogenic Aging

Exogenic Aging

Cellullar Tissue

Anatomicalorgan

Environment Life-Style

Healthy aging

Fig 1. The Factors who influenced Healthy aging

(Boedhi-Darmojo, 1994)


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COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT( CGA)

Disease manifestation in the eldery are frequentlyatypical.

Multiple chronic disease and/or health problems thereis less consistent relationship between pasthology and

diseases, between disease and clinical manifestation,resulting in difficulties in assesssing elderly or geriatricpatients conditions.

The standard of taking history and physicalexamination are not sufficient when dealing with

geriatric patients : their problem may go unnoticedbecause they fail to report their problems in the rightway.


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GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT

Geriatric assessment is a good standard toelaborate every problem suffered by the elderly.

It extends beyond the traditional medicalevaluation of geriatric patients including

assessment of of cognitive, affective, funtional,social, economic, environmental and spirutualstatus.

Geriatric assessment can be used to refer either

to eveluation by the individual clinician orintensive interdisciplinary process knownComprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA ).


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Comprehensive geriatric assessment is based on thepremise that a systematic evaluation of frail olderpersons by a team of health professionals may uncovertreatable health problems and lead to better health

outcomes.

Comprehensive geriatric assessment consists of 3 stepsprocess : screening or targeting of appropriate patients,assessment and development of recommendations, and

implementation of recommendations, including physicianand patient adherence with recommendations.


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8.Geriatric English College

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