88594583 Managerial Process Skills 2 1
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Transcript of 88594583 Managerial Process Skills 2 1
Is a person who brings in change by innovation and for profit
Peter Drucker defines entrepreneur as Innovators.
Innovation is the tool of the entrepreneur by which they exploit opportunities
Entrepreneur Person Organizer Visualiser Leader
Entrepreneurship
Process Organization Vision Leadership
Commitment Determination Leadership Opportunity Tolerance of risk Creativity Ability to adapt Motivation
Increased demand for variety Easier access to resources Easier access to information Rising dissatisfaction at Job Government Incentives and subsidies Profit Entrepreneur as a Hero Entrepreneurial Education
Lack of experienced management Poor financial management Rapid growth Lack of business linkages Weak marketing Lack of information Incorrect Pricing Improper Inventory control Short term outlook
Q1. List the qualities you have as an entrepreneur ? Rate the qualities?
Q2. “Are entrepreneurs born or they are made”. Discuss.
1. Need basedE.g : vendors in train
2. Opportunity based
3. First generationE.g Dhirubhai Ambani
4. Second generationE.g Anil Ambani.
1. INDUSTRIAL ENTREPRENEURS• A manufacturer• Identifies needs of the customer and
tailors a product• Profitable ventures• E.g. - Electronic industry
2. AGRICULTURE ENTREPRENEUR• Agricultural activities• E.g. – Marketing of crops
3. TRADING ENTREPRENEURS• Not concerned with manufacturing• Concentrates only on trading activities• Identifies market and stimulates
demnad for the products among buyers.
4. BUSINESS ENTREPRENEURS• Conceive an idea• Create a busz• Taps production and marketing• Big or small busz• E.g - Printing press,Boutique
1. PURE ENTREPRENEURS• Motivated• Takes activity for personal satisfaction,
ego, status
2. INDUCED ENTREPRENEURS• Induced• Assistance by Concession• E.g – Women Entrepreneurs
3. SPONTANEOUS ENTREPRENEURS• Natural Talents• Personal qualities
Q1. Differentiate between first and second generation entrepreneur with respect to their qualities with examples. Also discuss merits and demerits for 1st and 2nd generation entrepreneur?
Approach helpful in generating ideas-1.Understanding changing needs of the
customers2.Visualizing emerging trends
Observation
Reading
Visit
Interaction
Groups of individualsproviding information in a structural format
Open, in-depth discussion
Generate new ideas + screening ideas
It is an approach towards generating ideas about creating solution of a problem which involves multiple experts in a session.
Osborn proposed that groups could double their creative output with brainstorming .
Introducing the session.
Presenting the problem to the experts.
Prompting the experts to generate ideas.
Looking for signs of possible convergence.
Focus on quantity Unusual ideas should be welcomed. No criticism Total participation Ideas should be recorded Ideas should be combined and improved
Decision making involves making a choice from the available alternatives
It means sharing of differences, listening to each other, accepting the final choice inspite of differences
Domination by few Withdrawal Avoiding confrontation Compromising
FACTORS FACILITATING CONSENSUS
Concern for others Listening Discussion underlying assumptions
1. Problem solving Deciding priorities Analysing problems at several levels Generating alternatives Discussing consequences of each alternatives Developing criteria for decision making
2. Task facilitating skills Initiative Information seeking
Giving information Expressing opinions Focusing on strategies Time keeping
3. Group building skills Listening Expressing and responding to feelings Supporting Encouraging silent members
Explanation of alternatives
Voting round 1- choosing three options
Voting round 2- merger or deletion of options
Final round – selection of final option
Problem solving skills can be developed by-
1. Using a systematic approach to problem solving
Step 1(Tuning): Involves assessing, understanding and categorizing the problem.
Step 2(Objectives):An objective is a statement of what an individual or group intends to achieve. The objectives should be understood and accepted by all members. It should be stated very clearly and specifically.
Step 3(Success criteria): Involves setting criteria for measuring the success of the problem solving steps.
Step 4( Information): Involves understanding the problem in depth. Alternatives should be stated so as to assess their strength and weaknesses.
Step 5(Planning): Decisions are made about what is to be done.
Step 6(Action):The decision tasks are implemented.
Step 7(Review): Causes of success or failure are determined.
Unskillful Problem-solving Unskillful Problem-solving
Allows problem unsolved. Inappropriate techniques. Uses unsystematic approach. Vague criteria for
achievement. Assembles information
poorly. Ineffective planning. Co-ordinate groups poorly.
Skillful Problem-solvingSkillful Problem-solving
Solves problems regularly
Appropriate techniques. Systematic approach. Sets clear criteria for
achievements. Handles information
skillfully. Plans effectively. Co-ordinates groups
effectively.
Assessment in new busz
SWOT for buying a busz
Finance
Entrepreneur
Potential investors
Any1 joining the venture
1. Executive summary• Current position of the busz• Customers and the market• Short and long term objectives• Summary of financial forecast• Amount of capital reqd
2. General info• Busz name, address, ph no• Details of the staff• How objectives would be achievedIndustry reference –• Trends in the industry• Past production trends• Future demands
3. Project description• Mentioning the site, industrial estate• Land owned or leaseLocation depends on the type of
industry –• Demand based • Resource based• Skill based
4. Market and competitors
5. Marketing plan• Market research• Target market• Competition• Marketing methods
6.Capital cost and utilization of finances
7. Operation plan- steps and action to run the busz successfully
8. Benefits to the society
Lateral Thinking is a systematic creative-thinking process that looks at challenges from completely different angles
Lateral thinking enables thinkers to find novel solutions that would otherwise remain uncovered
Recognize the dominant ideas
Search for different ways of looking at things.
Relax rigid control of thinking.
Use chance to encourage other ideas
The Lateral Thinking techniques are useful in a variety of applications -
Find and build on the concept behind an idea to create more ideas
Solve problems in ways that don’t initially come to mind
Turn problems into opportunities Select the best alternate ideas and
implement them
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©Philip L. Winters & Edward de Bono Creative Team 1999©Philip L. Winters & Edward de Bono Creative Team 1999
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