8.2 Plants Without Seeds
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8.2 Plants Without Seeds
Nonvascular Plants
Do not grow tall Do not have roots, stems or leaves
Live in moist areas Absorb water directly from environment Sperm cells swim to egg cells
Only 3 major groups Mosses Liverworts Hornworts
Mosses
Grow in damp, shady spotsRhizoids – thin, rootlike structures that
anchor the moss and absorb water and nutrients from the soil
Liverworts
Often grow on rocks by a streamLeaf-like structures resemble a human liver
Hornworts
Usually live in moist soil, mixed in with grassSporophytes look like horns
Seedless Vascular Plants
First types of vascular plantsDo not have seeds
Reproduce with spores
Can grow tallMust grow in moist surroundings
Must be enough water for fertilization to occur
3 Main types Ferns Horsetails Club Mosses
Ferns
Fronds – fern leavesSpores are spread by wind and water
Will grow into plant if it lands in moist, shaded soil
Horsetails
Jointed stemsStems contain silica,
a gritty substance also in sand
Prefer to grow in sandy soil
Considered a nuisance weed, because it easily regrows after being pulled out
Club Mosses
NOT mossesLooks like a small
pine tree Ground pine
Typically grow near streams