8.05.2 - Connecting Words and Phrases to Their Referrents Lv. 7-8
2
Unit 8.5 Lv. 7-8 El Nino Reading comprehension Words like ‘its’, ‘his’, ‘their’, ‘the former’ and ‘the laer’ are called referents. They refer back to something which has previously been menoned. It is important to be able to connect words to their referrents to be able to understand a text properly. This is what we are going to pracse today. What are we going to learn today? ~ Read the following article c arefully. El Niño is the name given to the mysterious and oen unpredictable lurch in the climate of the world. This strange phenomenon happens every ve to eight years. It is called El Niño because it usually happens around the end of December, and El Niño is the Spanish for ‘Baby Jesus’ or ‘Christ child’. Christmas is supposed to bring good dings and hope, but El Niño spreads fear and destrucon. This strange weather paern starts in the Pacic Ocean. It is thought to be triggered by a failure in the trade winds, which aects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds dwindle in strength, or even reverse direc - on, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current owing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5°C. This bulge of warm water can be larger than the area of the Unit- ed States. The warming of the ocean has far-reaching eects. The hot, humid air over the ocean causes severe tropi - cal thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, bringing oods to Peru. In the West Pacic, there are droughts aecng Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and oods, other parts face drought, poor crops and starvaon. The warm water also has an eect on the sea life. Fish that usually live in the Pacic Ocean are forced to move further south or North to nd food as the warmer temperature destroys their supplies. This parcu- larly aects the sh industry in Peru, which depends on the usually abundant supplies of anchovies for use in animal feed and ferlisers. El Niño usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 El Niño brought the most destrucve weather in modern histo - ry. Its eect was worldwide and it le more than 2000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds worth of damage. The 1990 El Niño lasted unl June 1995. Sciensts esma te this to be the longest El Niño for 2000 years. The last long El Niño took place between 1939-41 during World War II. This caused severe drought and famine in Bengal. The eect of El Niño is felt in other ways. As a result of the strange weather, ski-resort managers worry about whether there will be enough snow. The prices of tropical foods such as sugar, coee, tea and choc - olate rise as droughts take a hold and crops fail. Even the price of soap and detergents is aected when the coconut oil harvest in the Philippines is ruined by drought. Although weather experts are beer at forecasng when an El Niño will strike, they are sll not complete - ly sure what triggers it or what aects how strong it will be. There is more than a suspicion, though, that El Niño may be linked to global warming. Note: This arcle was taken from a book published in 1998. Its informaon is therefore not up-to-date.
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Transcript of 8.05.2 - Connecting Words and Phrases to Their Referrents Lv. 7-8
8/16/2019 8.05.2 - Connecting Words and Phrases to Their Referrents Lv. 7-8
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/8052-connecting-words-and-phrases-to-their-referrents-lv-7-8 1/2
Unit 8.5 Lv. 7-8
El Nino
Reading comprehension
Words like ‘its’, ‘his’, ‘their’, ‘the former’ and ‘the laer’
are called referents. They refer back to something whichhas previously been menoned. It is important to be able to connect words to their referrents to
be able to understand a text properly. This is what we are going to pracse today.
What are we going to learn today?
~
Read the following article carefully.
El Niño is the name given to the mysterious and oen unpredictable lurch in the climate of the world. This
strange phenomenon happens every ve to eight years. It is called El Niño because it usually happens around
the end of December, and El Niño is the Spanish for ‘Baby Jesus’ or ‘Christ child’. Christmas is supposed to
bring good dings and hope, but El Niño spreads fear and destrucon.
This strange weather paern starts in the Pacic Ocean.It is thought to be triggered by a failure in the trade winds,
which aects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As
the trade winds dwindle in strength, or even reverse direc-
on, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current
owing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5°C. This
bulge of warm water can be larger than the area of the Unit-
ed States.
The warming of the ocean has far-reaching eects. The hot, humid air over the ocean causes severe tropi -
cal thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, bringing oods to Peru. In the West Pacic,
there are droughts aecng Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavyrains and oods, other parts face drought, poor crops and starvaon.
The warm water also has an eect on the sea life. Fish that usually live in the Pacic Ocean are forced to
move further south or North to nd food as the warmer temperature destroys their supplies. This parcu-
larly aects the sh industry in Peru, which depends on the usually abundant supplies of anchovies for use
in animal feed and ferlisers.
El Niño usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 El
Niño brought the most destrucve weather in modern histo-
ry. Its eect was worldwide and it le more than 2000 people
dead and caused over eight billion pounds worth of damage.The 1990 El Niño lasted unl June 1995. Sciensts esmate this
to be the longest El Niño for 2000 years. The last long El Niño
took place between 1939-41 during World War II. This caused
severe drought and famine in Bengal.
The eect of El Niño is felt in other ways. As a result of the strange weather, ski-resort managers worry
about whether there will be enough snow. The prices of tropical foods such as sugar, coee, tea and choc -
olate rise as droughts take a hold and crops fail. Even the price of soap and detergents is aected when the
coconut oil harvest in the Philippines is ruined by drought.
Although weather experts are beer at forecasng when an El Niño will strike, they are sll not complete-
ly sure what triggers it or what aects how strong it will be. There is more than a suspicion, though, that ElNiño may be linked to global warming.
Note: This arcle was taken from a book published in 1998. Its informaon is therefore not up-to-date.
8/16/2019 8.05.2 - Connecting Words and Phrases to Their Referrents Lv. 7-8
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/8052-connecting-words-and-phrases-to-their-referrents-lv-7-8 2/2
Answer the following questions ON A SEPARATE FOOLSCAP.
1. What is the name given to the strange weather phenomenon that happens every ve to eightyears? (1 mark)
2. What does the Spanish name ‘El Niño’ mean? (1 mark)
3. At what me of the year does El Niño happen? (1 mark)
4. Where does the strange weather start? (1 mark)5. What happens to the trade winds when they dwindle in strength? (2 marks)
6. What happens to sh when the water gets warmer? (1 mark)
7. What would happen to Peru’s sh industry if they couldn’t catch any anchovies? (1 mark)
8. What are the two extremes of climate caused by an El Niño? (1 mark)
9. Why would ski-resort managers be worried about there being enough snow? (2 marks)
10. What do the following words refer to? Be as specic as possible! (5 marks)
i. This (par. 1) ii. other parts (par. 3)
iii. This (par. 4) iv. Its (par. 5)
v. what aects how strong (par. 7)
11. What is the meaning of the following words from the arcle? Give the meaning as it is used thearcle, and make sure to express yourself in English. (4 marks)
i. spreads (par. 1) ii. triggered (par. 2)
iii. drought (par. 3) iv. famine (par. 5)
Total: __________ / 20 marks
Today we learned about referents and how they can help us to
make sense of a text.
What did we learn today?
