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Transcript of 8 Basic First Aid 21
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ACCIDENT AND FIRST AIDACCIDENT AND FIRST AID
1. ACCIDENTS: DEFINITION
2. CAUSES and PREVENTION
3. REPORTING
4. INJURIES DISEASES AND DANGEROUS OCCURRENCES
5. RESPONSIBILITIES
6. FIRST AID
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ACCIDENTACCIDENT
WHAT IS AN ACCIDENT
´An unplanned event, which results
in injury to a person or damage toproperty / environment or both.µ
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ACCIDENTACCIDENT
WHAT IS REPORTED TO
WHOM?
All injuries at work, no matter how
trivial must be reported initially to
the EMPLOYER and recorded(Accident Book).
PURPOSE:
Protect employee in the event of afuture claim.
Employer must be told so he can
take remedial action to preventrecurrence
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REPORTABLE ACCIDENTS/ EVENTSREPORTABLE ACCIDENTS/ EVENTS
The HSE, or Local Authority must be contacted:
Immediately (by phone) if:
Fatal, Major Injury or Dangerous Occurrence
Within 24 hours if:
any injury causes
3 days absence / inability
to do normal job.
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MAJOR INJURIESMAJOR INJURIES
EXAMPLES INCLUDE Fractures, except finger, thumb, or toe.
Amputation involving severing of bone or
joint.
Dislocation of the shoulder, hip, knee or
spine.
Loss of sight, penetrating injury, chemical or
hot metal burn to an eye.
Loss of consciousness from lack of oxygen or
exposure to harmful substances.
Acute illness through absorption or exposure
to pathogen / infected material.
Anything resulting in hospitalisation for more
than 24 hours.
Hypothermia or
Heat Stress.
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DANGEROUS OCCURRENCESDANGEROUS OCCURRENCES
EXAMPLES INCLUDE:1. Collapse - Scaffold / Structure.
2. Overturning crane or fork-lift truck.
3. Explosion / bursting - closed vessel, or pipeline with lethal potential.
4. Collapse of plus 5 tonnes of walls/floors of building or structure beingworked on.
5. Electrical fire / explosion causing 24 hrs work stoppage.
6. Contact with / discharge from overhead power-lines.
7. BA malfunction.8. Unsafe Radiography Equipment.
9. And others
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REPORTABLE DISEASESREPORTABLE DISEASES
IMMEDIATELY NOTIFY HSE AUTHORITYExamples Include
1. Poisoning at Work
2. Skin Diseases - Dermatitis, Cancer, Oil Acne etc
3. Lung Diseases - Asthma, Pneumoconiosis Asbestosis etc
4. Infections - Wails Disease, Anthrax, Tetanus etc
5. Other work related disabilities - Cancer, Musculoskeletal disorders,
6. Decompression illness,H
and-Arm vibration syndrome, VW
F etc.
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EMPLOYEES RESPONSIBILITIESEMPLOYEES RESPONSIBILITIES
DUTIES UNDER HASAWA In the event of an injury, or dangerous occurrence the Act requires
employees to:
1. Report the incident.
2. Co-operate with the investigation.A. Answering questions, if asked.
B. Making a written statement, if required.
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75% of Accidents deemed Foreseeable.
If Foreseeable - Then Preventable!
Accident caused byAccident caused by
UNSAFE ACTS
Safety person strategy
Training / competency
Experience
Supervision
Rules / short cuts
Behaviour
PPE if necessary
UNSAFE CONDITIONS
Safe place strategy (The law!)
Planning
Layout
Tools/equipments
Clean / tidy
Protection / grading
Signs/ warning
OR
PREVENTED BY
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ACCIDENTS SOURCESACCIDENTS SOURCES
HSE analysis 50% management failure
18% worker error
12% joint responsibility
1% RANDOM
19% UNFORSEEABLE / UNDETERMINED
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ACCIDENT PREVENTIONACCIDENT PREVENTION
FACTORS 1. Hazard Spotting Alertness
2. Reporting Actual and Potential
3. Attitude Personal Environment
4. Unsafe Conditions Workplace
´YOUR ATTITUDEµ
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FIRST AIDFIRST AID
DEFINITION
1. The treatment to Preserve life, Prevent further injury and Promote
recovery until professional medical attention is available.
2. The treatment for minor injuries, not requiring the services of a
doctor.
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FIRST AID AT WORK REGULATIONS 1981FIRST AID AT WORK REGULATIONS 1981
- Adequate facilities MUST be available at all times whenever people are atwork.
- First Aid kit and trained personnel:
Appointed Person (1 day basic course) and / or Trained first-aiders (4 day course -
approved by HSE)
APPROVED CODE OF PRACTICE Low Risk Environment (Shops, Offices)
- At least one first-aider for up to 50, plus one every 100 employees:
at least two between 100 and 200.
Medium Risk Environment (Warehouses, Light Engineering)
- At least one Appointed Person for less than 20 employee·s.
- At least one first aider 20- 50 employees.
- Two first-aiders 50 - 100 employees.
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FIRST AIDFIRST AID
EMPLOYERS· DUTIES
1. Provide adequate and appropriate equipment for the work being
done.
2. Appoint sufficient trained people.
3. Inform the workforce of the arrangements.
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FACILITIES REQUIREDFACILITIES REQUIRED
Minimum Requirement is First Aid box containing
- Plasters, Bandages, Dressings - No Drugs (Aspirin)
¶APPOINTED PERSON· to provide First Aid Cover. Then: Adequate other
Facilities depending on:-
- Number of Employees
- Nature of Work (How Hazardous)
- Distribution ofWorkers
- Location of site (Proximity to Medical Services)
- Shift Working (All Shifts must be covered)
May need dedicated First Aid Room or a Medical Centre, with TrainedPersonnel.
Emergency showers required if there is a risk of skin contamination by
harmful or offensive substances.
Sterile saline in sealed containers required if there is a risk of eye
contamination.
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18Safety Train©
FIRST AIDFIRST AID
EMPLOYEES· DUTIES
1. Take reasonable care of own
health.
2. Consider others around you.
3. Inform the employer of anycondition that may affect safety.
4. Inform the employer of any
condition that may affect first aid
treatment.
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19Safety Train©
FIRST Ensure the Safety to yourself and the casualty and raise the alarm.SECOND Make area safe - Summon help if necessary.
THIRD Give Emergency Aid.
RESUSCITATION - ONLY IF TRAINED AND COMPETENT.
A B C
A is for Airway B is for breathing C is for Circulation
RECOVERY POSITION
THEN: - STOP BLEEDING - IMMOBILISE FRACTURES - TREAT FOR MEDICAL SHOCK.
DO NOT MOVE CASUALTY UNLESS ESSENTIAL.
DO NOT ADD TO CASUALTIES BY PUTTING YOURSELF AT RISK.
Priorities in First AidPriorities in First Aid
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SOME SIMPLE RULESSOME SIMPLE RULES
1. Electric Shock -DO NOT touch the casualty until all power is switched off.
2. Broken Bones -
DO NOT move the casualty unless in imminent danger.
3. Burns and Scalds -
Flush with water - do not remove clothing or break blisters.
4. Chemical Burns -
Avoid contaminating yourself. Remove clothing not stuck to skin.
Flush with water.
5. Gassing -
Use RPE and move to fresh air.
6. Eyes -
Wash out foreign bodies or chemicals with water.
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SUMMARYSUMMARY
Action for Accidents, Injuries, Occupational Diseases, or DangerousOccurrences.
1. The Need for Reporting.
2. Accident Prevention.
3. Accident Book.
4. Duties of Employers.
5. Duties of Employees.
6. First Aid in the Workplace.
Safety Train©