8-1.3 Summarize the history of English settlement in New England, the mid- Atlantic region, and the...
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Transcript of 8-1.3 Summarize the history of English settlement in New England, the mid- Atlantic region, and the...
8-1.3
Summarize the history of English settlement in New England, the mid-Atlantic region, and the South, with an emphasis on South Carolina as an example of a distinctly southern colony.
*Colo
nizatio
n
Chapter 4
*Settlement Timeline
*1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on the remains of Charles Fort’s
*1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on the remains Ft San Felipe’s
*1607 Jamestown, VA is the First permanent English settlement in America
*1619 Africans first arrive in America
*1663 Carolina colony given to Lord Proprietors
1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on Charles
Fort’s remains
1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on Ft San Felipe’s remains
1607 Jamestown, VA 1st permanent
settlement in Amercia
1619 Africans first arrive in
America1663 Carolina colony given
to Lord Proprietors
Chapter 4
*The 13 colonies*Groups of people were quickly coming to America.
*Their reasons for coming varied
*fortune hunters
*to escape religious persecution
Colonial America developed into 3 distinct regions: 1. New England Colonies 2. Middle Colonies 3. Southern Colonies
Chapter 4
*Settlement of America
Jamestown - 1st English colony in America (1607)
~ Virginia Company received a charter from King James I to establish settlements in America
Charter – Official permission to operate something, such as a colony
The settlers endured several years of starvation and the deaths of many until tobacco made the settlement sustainable
** Tobacco – 1st Cash Crop & backbone of VA economy
Plantations – large farms - tobacco growth needed large plots of land
Indentured Slaves(Servants) – People who agreed to work for a landowner (Plantations) for a number of years in exchange for passage to America
Chapter 4
* JamestownThe London Company initiated the headright
system that provided land to anyone who paid their own passage or the passage of others to
the settlement.
The Headright MethodSettlers got land based on the number of people in the family, or household Slaves and indentured servants were included in the count
More people
=
More land
*The Headright MethodThe headright system promoted The establishment of large tobacco plantations
Conflict over land with the natives as the settlers took more land for tobacco production
By the end of the 1600s however, they had turned to a more reliable source of labor – African slaves.
*The House of BurgessesThe London Company also established the House of Burgesses [1619] so that settlers would have a voice in the governance of the colony.
Although not completely democratic, this assembly was in keeping with English political tradition since the Magna Carta.
Jamestown grew into the colony of Virginia and established the pattern for the southern colonies.
*New England ColoniesRhode IslandConnecticutNew HampshireMassachusetts (which included modern day Maine)
People who settled this region were motivated by the importance of family and freedom of religion.
Most of the settlers here were used to doing things themselves and not depending on others.
Chapter 4
*New England1620 – A group of Pilgrims (Separatists) were given a charter by VA Company to settle in North Americasettled “Plymouth” in Massachusetts
The New England colonies were founded as a haven for religious groups persecuted in England.
Pilgrims/Separatists/Puritans – Separated from the Church of England to follow beliefs of John Calvin (Puritans)
Mayflower Compact – Document signed by all passengers/colonists establishing the American ideal of “government by consent” the idea that the people form the government
Chapter 4
*New EnglandThey struggled to survive as had the Jamestown settlers. With the help of a Native American, they learned to plant corn and sustained themselves but never prospered. Subsistence Crops – crops that provided just enough food to
feed the farmer’s family
*A characteristic of most New England farms
The Puritans invested in their own joint stock company and brought their charter with them to the New World
Chapter 4
*New EnglandAll male church members could vote. Their economy thrived – based on ship building & trade
They established schools so that their children could learn to read the Bible
Established religious conformity (Dissenters were exiled to other parts of the region)Population grew & spread because of the large Puritan families
* Middle ColoniesNew YorkPennsylvania (which literally means Penn’s Woods)DelawareNew Jersey
Settlers to the Middle Colonies included a great variety of EuropeansDutch who first settled New York The Swedes who first settled DelawareEnglish Puritans & Quakers
Chapter 4
* Middle ColoniesA group of religious dissenters
Believed that everyone had an inner light
They promoted religious tolerance and good relations with the natives in their region
The colony attracted many other groups of people
Chapter 4
*Middle ColoniesKing Charles II granted William Penn land in payment of a debt
Penn had the rights of a proprietor and could name the governor of the colony.
Pennsylvania (PA) had a representative assembly as did the other colonies in the region.
Founded for the purpose of profit
The ‘breadbasket’ of the colonies
Chapter 4
* Southern ColoniesMarylandVirginiaNorth CarolinaSouth CarolinaGeorgia
People who settled here wanted to make moneyThe warm weather and good soil created a long growing seasons = Economy based on Agriculture
Plantations quickly developed
The plantation system was very popular in the Southern Colonies.
Chapter 4
*Southern Colonies
The main crops grown on plantations:
*Tobacco- mostly grown in North Carolina and Virginia
*Carolina Gold rice: which was South Carolina’s 1st cash crop
*Indigo- a plant that gives us the blue dye for blue jeans.
Tobacco plant and drying barn
Indigo plant & dye
Carolina Gold
Chapter 4
*Governing Colonies3 Types of English Colonies
1.Royal Colony – Under the direction of the king (royalty)* King appoints governor & council
* Most colonies in America became Royal Colonies in the end
2.Proprietary Colony – An individual or group given ownership of land from the king* Usually acted as the governor ~ appointed council
& approved laws
* Charged settlers rent – Paid the king rent
3.Self-governing Colony – No charter from king* King did Not appoint governor or council
* Rhode Island
Chapter 4