7TH INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC CONFERENCE ON ......7TH INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC CONFERENCE 4 ////...

7TH INTERNATIONALACADEMIC CONFERENCE ONPLACES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Book of Abstracts

EDITORS

Aleksandra Djukić Aleksandra Krstić-Furundžić Eva Vaništa Lazarević Milena Vukmirović

7TH INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC CONFERENCE

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PLACES AND TECHNOLOGIES 2020

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//// COMMITTEES

09 SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE

10 ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

10 TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

//// KEYNOTES

12 THE NEXT GENERATION OF SMART CITIZENS: EXPERIENCES AND INSPIRATION FROM THE +CITYXCHANGE PROJECT _ Alenka Temeljotov-Salaj _ Bradley Loewen

13 DESIGN-DRIVEN RESEARCH ON PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGIES – SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND SOLAR INTEGRATION IN BUILDINGS, MOBILITY AND OUR ENVIRONMENT _ Angèle Reinders

14 MAINTENANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS: TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON CONDOMINIUM LIVING _ Dr Nir Mualam

15 SPACE AND TECHNIQUE _ Dražen Juračić _ Jelena Skorup

//// RESPONSIVE URBAN DESIGN [URB]

17 RE-INVENTED WATER-RELATED SPACES IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT _ Gábor Heckenast _ Marcel Ferencz Habil _ András Tibor Kertész

18 MASS HOUSING ESTATES IN CSEPEL, BUDAPEST: URBAN FORM EVALUATION IN RELATION TO SUSTAINABILITY _ Hlib Antypenko _ Melinda Benko

19 SHARED SPACE IS HUMAN TECHNOLOGY _ Pieter de Haan

20 THE SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION OF THE OLD COMMUNITY IN BEIJING NO.72 OF TIANQIAO AS AN EXAMPLE _ Xue Kang _ Yufang Zhou _ Gabriella Medvegy

21 SPACES THAT STIMULATE INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY AND PROVIDE A SENSE OF COMMUNITY AND PLACE – THREE CASE STUDIES FROM ZAGREB _ Bojan Baletić _ Kristina Careva _ Morana Pap

22 INFLUENCE OF VISUAL INTEGRATION AND PEDESTRIAN MOBILITY ON EVERYDAY EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC SPACE _ Stefan Škorić _ Aleksandra Milinković _ Dijana Brkljač _ Milena Krklješ

CONTENT


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23 THE IMPORTANCE OF YOUNGSTERS’ RESPONSIBLE ACTION IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT: AN EXPERIENCE OF STREET CO-DESIGN _ Lucia Martincigh _ Marina Di Guida

24 THE CULTIVATION OF IDEAS _ Aleksandra Djukić _ Admir Islamčević _ Dubravko Aleksić

25 SECURITY ASPECTS OF URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN: “THE EUROPEAN MODEL” _ Milos Tomic _ Jovana Dinic _ Elena Priorova

26 THE ROLE OF IDENTITY IN SHAPING RESILIENT OPEN PUBLIC SPACES SURROUNDING SMALL URBAN STREAMS _ Aleksandra Djukić _ Višnja Sretović Brković

27 AN URBAN DESIGN TECHNIQUE REGARDING ACTIVE AGING IN OUTDOOR SPACES _ Fernando Brandão Alves _ Lara Mendes _ António Brandão Alves

28 SAFE COMMUNITIES THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN _ Giovanni Sergi

29 THE CHALLENGES OF DOCKLESS CYCLING IN THE CITIES OF SE EUROPE: THE EXAMPLE OF BANJALUKA _ Mladen Milaković _ Aleksandra Stupar

30 SKOPJE PUBLIC SPACES EVALUATED: ANALYSIS AND TYPOLOGIES _ Divna Penchikj _ Jasmina Siljanoska _ Dana Jovanovska

31 THE PLACES OF (NON)REMEMBRANCE - THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN CREATING THE PLACES OF COLLECTIVE MEMORY _ Milja Mladenović

32 TRANSITIONING THE PUBLIC SPACE - THE CASE OF BELGRADE SHOPPING MALL _ Marija Cvetković _ Ivan Simić _ Aleksandar Grujičić

33 THE RESTORATIVE EFFECTS OF MULTI-SENSORY OPEN SPACE DESIGN – THE EXAMPLE OF JAPANESE GARDENS _ Eva Vanista Lazarevic _ Tena Lazarevic _ Jelena Maric

34 URBAN LIVING LABS FOR SENSITIVE CITY CULTURAL HERITAGE REGENERATION _ Jasmina Siljanoska

35 THE SPATIO-TEMPORALITY OF A PUBLIC SPACE BY OBSERVING THE BEHAVIORS OF ITS USERS; CASE OF SIDI-BOUSAID _ Ons Ben Dhaou _ Norbert Vasváry-Nádor

//// RESPONSIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN ARCHITECTURE [TECH]

37 APPLICATION OF VENEER BASED PANELS IN EXOSKELETON ARCHITECTURE _ Neda Sokolović _ Ana Kontić _ Andrej Josifovski

38 RAISING CLIMATE RESILIENCE IN BUILDINGS ON THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN COAST—MERGING PASSIVE AND ACTIVE NATURAL VENTILATIVE COOLING TECHNIQUES _ Nikola Pesic _ Adrian Muros Alcojor _ Jaime Roset Calzada

39 DIGITAL PLANNING, CONSTRUCTION SUBMISSION AND APPROVAL PROCESSES IN AUSTRIA _ Kurt Battisti _ Markus Dörn _ Christoph Eichler _ Jacqueline Scherret _ Torsten Ullrich


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40 INTEGRATION OF ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL ASPECTS THROUGH THE DESIGN PROCESS: INDIVIDUAL RESIDENTIAL BUILDING _ Dimitar Papasterevski _ Toni Arangjelovski

41 IN-SITU MEASURING INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN PUBLIC KINDERGARTEN IN SLOVENIA. A CASE STUDY _ Vesna Lovec _ Miroslav Premrov _ Vesna Žegarac Leskovar

42 MODELS FOR CONTEMPORARY EXPLOITATION OF BALNEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL IN VOJVODINA _ Nataša Ćuković Ignjatović _ Dušan Ignjatović

43 NEARLY ZERO ENERGY BUILDING CO2 EMISSIONS _ Marin Binički _ Zoran Veršić _ Iva Muraj

44 OPEN BIM FOR CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT IN SUSTAINABLE RENOVATION PROJECTS _ Coline Senior

45 NEW TECHNOLOGIES OF CONSTRUCTION ON SERBIAN WATERS _ Tijana Jacovic Maksimovic _ Aleksandra Krstić-Furundžić

46 EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS – A TEMPORAL PERSPECTIVE _ Ivana Brkanić Mihić _ Matej Mihić _ Zvonko Sigmund

47 ORIGIN OF CITIZENS AND IMPACT ON CITY _ Nikola Z. Furundžić _ Dijana P. Furundžić _ Aleksandra Krstić-Furundžić

48 CONVENTIONAL VS PREFABRICATED BUILDINGS: PURSUING THE GOAL OF SUSTAINABILITY _ Katerina Tsikaloudaki _ Theodore Theodosiou _ Stella Tsoka _ Panagiotis Chastas

49 ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A COMPUTATIONAL METHOD TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF URBAN CLIMATE ON THE BUILDINGS’ ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS _ Stella Tsoka _ Katerina Tsikaloudaki _ Konstantia Tolika

50 ALGORITHM-BASED BIM MODEL ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY AT URBAN LEVEL _ Olivér Rák _ Ágnes Borsos _ Péter Iványi

//// RESPONSIVE HERITAGE PROTECTION [HER]

52 DIGITAL DESIGN TECHNIQUES TO ASSIST IN THE COMPOSITION OF TRADITIONAL URBAN BUILDINGS _ James Dougherty

53 3D VISUALIZATION OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE AS A CATALYST FOR SOCIAL PARTICIPATION IN SAFEGUARDING POST-CONFLICT CITIES. CASE STUDY: THE OLD CITY OF DAMASCUS _ Sonia Ibrahim _ Tamás Molnár

54 SYSTEMIC APPROACHES IN REVITALIZATION OF SEMARANG OLD CITY HERITAGE SITE: FROM NEGLECTED AREA TO TOURISM DESTINATION _ Bintang Noor Prabowo _ Alenka Temeljotov Salaj

55 FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF FORMER PULA NAVAL FORTRESS _ Lea Petrović Krajnik _ Ivan Mlinar _ Damir Krajnik

56 THE “ART FORTRESS” AS A RESPONSIBLE APPROACH MODEL FOR REGENERATION OF SKOPJE’S SPATIAL IDENTITY _ Meri Batakoja _ Jovan Ivanovski _ Goran Mickovski


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57 HERITAGE PERCEPTIONS: AN APPROACH FOR THE REVITALIZATION OF THE URBAN EXPERIENCES AND THE FRENCH CHECKBOARD IMAGE _ Barbara Hiba _ Molnár Tamás

58 PRESERVING THE MATERIAL AUTHENTICITY: A METHOD OF PRESERVING THE TRUTH _ Jovana Tošić

59 LOST AND FOUND: A QUEST FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENCE IN RURAL AREAS _ Nataša Ćuković Ignjatović _ Dušan Ignjatović _ Nikola Miletić

60 REVITALISING THE OLD INDUSTRIAL MOVE ALONG DANUBE WATERFRONT _ Milena Vukmirovic _ Marko Nikolic

//// RESPONSIVE ARCHITECTURE [ARCH]

62 REGIONALISM AND LOW-TECH IN CONTEMPORARY VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE. A CASE STUDY IN CHONGQING CHINA _ Yongting Shi _ Anna Mária Tamás _ Gergely Sztranyák

63 ENHANCING EAGLE PASS–PIEDRAS NEGRAS INTERNATIONAL BRIDGE DESIGN TO FUNCTION AS A TEMPORARY ACCOMMODATION FACILITY FOR ASYLUM SEEKERS _ Chang Lu _ Ons Ben Dhaou _ Shaha Mazen Maiteh _ Tianyu Zhao

64 BIM BASED PROJECT AND DIGITAL BUILDING MODEL MANAGEMENT: APPLICATIONS AND EMERGING STANDARDS _ Igor Svetel _ Nenad Ivanišević _ Dušan Isailović

65 A PROJECT OF LABORATORY CIRCO IN ROME: RETHINKING A PUBLIC INSTITUTES OF ASSISTANCE AND CHARITY (IPAB) IN ROME _ Francesco Careri _ Fabrizio Finucci _ Chiara Luchetti _ Alberto Marzo _ Sara Monaco _ Serena Olcuire _ Enrico Perini _ Maria Rocco

67 FROM RECEPTION TO HOSPITALITY: CULTURAL, METHODOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE LABORATORY CIRCO IN ROME _ Francesco Careri _ Fabrizio Finucci _ Chiara Luchetti _ Alberto Marzo _ Sara Monaco _ Serena Olcuire _ Enrico Perini _ Maria Rocco

69 DWELLING WITH THE WATER _ Michele Montemurro

70 ARCHITECTURAL ANALYSIS OF THERAPEUTIC CANTERS FOR DRUG ADDICTS _ Sadoud Nesma _ Erzsébet Szeréna Zoltán

71 HUMAN COMFORT IN ARTIFICIAL PLACE _ Ramos Gonzalez, Nicolas _ Medvegy Gabriella _ Borsos Ágnes _ Zoltán Erzsébet Szeréna _ Gazdag Gábor _ Noori Pooya

72 VAPOURABLE SUBLIME: AQUATECTURE EXPERIMENT AND PROJECT REVIEW _ Miloš Stojković

73 COLLECTIVE HOUSING AS NEW IDENTITY IN RURAL AREAS _ Miloš Arandjelović _ Aleksandar Videnović

74 ARCHITECTURE-INSTRUMENT: THE ARCHITECTURE-MACHINE ORIGINS AND FRAMEWORKS OF MACHINIC LINE OF THINKING IN ARCHITECTURE _ Dragana Ćirić


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75 CHALLENGES OF DESIGNING REMOTE COMMUNITIES IN EQUATORIAL AFRICA: OKOLASSI EXAMPLE _ Dejan Vasović _ Ruža Okrajnov Bajić _ Darko Pavićević _ Goran Gogov

//// RESPONSIVE TERRITORIAL PLANNING [PLAN]

77 ARE SHRINKING CITIES A COMPLETELY NEW PHENOMENON IN POST-SOCIALIST SPACE? URBAN SHRINKAGE IN EASTERN EUROPE BEFORE AND DURING SOCIALISM _ Branislav Antonić _ Aleksandra Djukić

78 THE POSITION OF TOWNS IN DIGITAL CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY ENVIRONMENT _ Velimir Stojanović

79 TRIP GENERATION AND TOUR DISTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT TRIPS IN THE CITY OF SLAVONSKI BROD _ Ljupko Šimunović _ Julijan Jurak _ Božo Radulović _ Matija Sikirić

80 POTENTIAL OF MAKER MOVEMENT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF REMOTE CROATIAN ISLANDS _ Rene Lisac _ Morana Pap _ Roberto Vdović

81 THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC FACTOR ON TRANSFORMING THE URBAN FORM OF ERBIL IN KURDISTAN REGION-IRAQ _ Rebaz Khoshnaw

82 SEGREGATED NEIGHBOURHOODS AND THEIR INTEGRATION ATTEMPTS: PARTICIPATORY SLUM-UPGRADING IN THE MAKING _ Tímea Csaba

83 PHYSICAL PLANNING INFORMATION SYSTEM OF CROATIA: OVERVIEW OF THE CONTENTS AND CURRENT STATUS OF DEVELOPMENT _ Sunčana Habrun

84 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHANGES IN TECHNOLOGICAL CULTURES AND SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES _ Dmitrii Klimov _ Sofi ia Feofanova

85 IMPROVEMENT OF LIFE QUALITY USING NATURE BASED SOLUTIONS - CASE STUDY SETTLEMENTS IN SOUTH-EASTERN SERBIA _ Milica Igić _ Petar Mitković _ Milena Dinić Branković _ Jelena Đekić _ Ivana Bogdanović Protić _ Milica Ljubenović _ Mihailo Mitković

87 DESIGN OF CULTURAL TRAILS - AS A RESULT OF BELGRADE’S GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE CONCEPT _ Suzana Gavrilović _ Nevena Vasiljević _ Boris Radić _ Dejan Skočajić _ Nevenka Galečić

Dr Djukić AleksandraUniversity of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Milena VukmirovićUniversity of Belgrade - Faculty of Forestry, Serbia

Dr Krstić-Furundžić AleksandraUniversity of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Vaništa Lazarević EvaUniversity of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Antunović BiljanaUniversity of Banja Luka, Faculty of Architecture, CivilEngineering and Geodesy, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Dr Bachmann BálintUniversity of Pécs Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Institute of Architecture, Pécs, Hungary

Begović SašaOwner and Partner in Charge of 3LHD studio, Zagreb, Croatia

Dr Benko MelindaBudapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary

Dr Brandão Alves FernandoDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of Oporto, Portugal

Dr Choy LennonAssociate Head and Associate Professor, Department of Real Estate and Construction, The University of Hong Kong

Dr Čokorilo OljaUniversity of Belgrade Faculty of Transport and Traffi c Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Đokić VladanUniversity of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Doytchinov GrygorInstitute for Urban Design, Technical University of Graz, Austria

Dr Alenka Temeljotov SalajNorwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norway

Dr Katerina TsikaloudakiAristotle University of Thessaloniki Faculty of Engineering

Dr Mirjana DevetakovićUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade

Dr Filipović DejanUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Gajić DarijaUniversity of Banja Luka, Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Dr Giddings BobNorthumbria University Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Dr Gospodini AspaUniversity of Thessaly, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Planning & Regional Development, Volos, Greece

Dr Harmathy NorbertBudapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Architecture, Budapest, Hungary

Dr Ivanović Šekularac JelenaUniversity of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

MSc Ir. Ivković MilenaISOCARP, The Hague, Netherlands

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE

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COMMITTEES


Prof. Lojanica VladimirUniversity of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Tomasz MajdaVicepresident of Society of Polish Town Planners and Head of Polish National Delegation in International Society Of City And Regional Planners

Dr Martincigh LuciaUniversity RomaTre, Faculty of Architecture, Rome, Italy

Dr Martinelli NicolaDICAR of Polytechnic of Bari, Bari Italy

Dr Medvegy GabriellaUniversity of Pécs Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Institute of Architecture, Pécs, Hungary

MSc Miščević LjubomirUniversity of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Zagreb, Croatia

Dr Mitković PetarUniversity of Niš Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Niš, Serbia

Dr Mualam NirFaculty of Architecture and Town Planning at the Technion, Haifa, Israel

Dr Nepravishta FlorianPolytechnic University of Tirana, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tirana, Albania

Dr Ohnmacht TimoLucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Switzerland

Dr Petrović Krajnik LeaAssistant Professor at the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Zagreb, Croatia

Dr Popović SvetislavUniversity of Podgorica - Faculty of Architecture, Podgorica, Montenegro

Dr Pottgiesser UtaUniversity of Antwerp, Faculty of Design Sciences, Belgium

Dr Radic BorisDepartment of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Radonjanin VlastimirUniversity of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia

Dr Raspopović MiroslavaFaculty of Information Technology, Belgrade Metropolitan University, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Reba DarkoUniversity of Novi Sad Faculty of Technical Sciences, Novi Sad, Serbia

Dr Risser RalfPalacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic

Dr Rivas Navarro Juan LuisUniversity of Granada Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Granada, Spain

Dr Rotondo FrancescoPolytechnic University of Bari, Bari, Italy

Dr Samardžić NikolaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of History, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Seduikyte LinaKaunas University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kaunas, Lithuania

Dr Šimunović LjupkoUniversity of Zagreb Faculty of Transport and Traffi c Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia

Dr Sitar MetkaUniversity of Maribor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Traffi c Engineering and Architecture, Maribor, Slovenia

Dr Stanarević SvetlanaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Security Studies, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Stavrić MilenaGraz University of Technology, Graz, Austria

Dr Stupar AleksandraUniversity of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Sudimac BudimirUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr van der Spek StefanDelft University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture and Built Environment, Delft, Netherlands

Dr Yilmaz SalihIzmir Katib Celebi University, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Izmir, Turkey

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Founding members of the Organizing committee

Dr Aleksandra Djukić Conference Director, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Aleksandra Krstić-Furundžić Head of Publishing, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Eva Vaništa Lazarević University of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr Milena Vukmirović Conference Program Director, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade, Serbia

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

Dr Branislav AntonićConference Exacutive Coordinator, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

Miloš TomićTechnical Committee Member, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

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THE NEXT GENERATION OF SMART CITIZENS: EXPERIENCES AND INSPIRATION FROM THE +CITYXCHANGE PROJECT

_ Alenka Temeljotov-SalajDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 7A, 7491 Trondheim, Norway, [email protected]

_ Bradley LoewenDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 7A, 7491 Trondheim, Norway, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Environmental sustainability has become a core objective in policy fi elds related to the built environ-ment, from the international to local level. The transition to a sustainable built environment depends on increasing the energy performance of buildings, but due to the maturity of the building stock in Europe affecting energy effi ciency and the current incentives for investing in sustainable energy solu-tions, the performance of buildings cannot be improved without widespread citizen engagement. Technical solutions for upgrading smart buildings and connecting them are being developed that cre-ate new opportunities for achieving a net-zero or even positive energy balance on the neighbourhood, district and city level. Nevertheless, attention must also be paid to the social aspect using citizen en-gagement to ensure that such solutions are taken up and replicated. From a social perspective, new skills and values are needed amongst citizens to improve individual and collective behaviours. Co-cre-ation is an approach for shaping the urban environment that includes a wide range of stakeholders and is believed to lead to improved outcomes, especially with regard to integrating users’ needs and generating a sense of shared responsibility and ownership over the built environment.

The Horizon 2020 project +CityxChange uses co-creation for the development of positive energy dis-tricts (PEDs), which have the potential to bring carbon neutral cities to reality. The paper explores several aspects of citizen engagement developed in the project: an urban innovation lab approach, a citizen participation playbook, learning framework for the next generation of smart citizens, and framework for creating positive energy champions.

KEYWORDS _ built environment, energy, co-creation, citizen engagement, smart cities


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DESIGN-DRIVEN RESEARCH ON PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGIES – SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND SOLAR INTEGRATION IN BUILDINGS, MOBILITY AND OUR ENVIRONMENT

_ Angèle Reinders Dept. of Design, Production and Management, University of Twente, the Netherlands; Energy Technology Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands

ABSTRACT

Most of mankind’s energy demand occurs in densely-populated locations such as the built environ-ment. The logical consequence of an increased use of solar energy is that the design of buildings, cities and landscapes has to be adapted to this sustainable form of on-site energy production, distri-bution and consumption, leading to integrated solutions, see Figure 1, instead of solely technological approaches. The main challenge is hence to effi ciently and effectively use available surface areas while achieving full societal support.

Due to their technical, fi nancial and design features, photovoltaic (PV) technologies can signifi cantly contribute to these developments. The objective of this presentation is thus as follows: to show how design-driven research on photovoltaics can lead to well-integrated PV systems in buildings, mobility and our environment with an excellent performance. Attention will be paid to research on several relatively new topics, namely: (i) performance of building-integrated photovoltaics, (ii) environmental, fi nancial and energy impacts of solar-powered electric mobility and (iii) innovative geometrical de-signs of luminescent solar concentrator PV devices. Results which will be presented, originate from COST Action ‘PEARL PV’, the ‘PV in Mobility’ project and other.

[KEYNOTES]


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MAINTENANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS: TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON CONDOMINIUM LIVING

_ Nir MualamPhD, Technion

ABSTRACT

All condominium buildings require maintenance as they age. Good maintenance is a rational choice as it helps to retain the value of a building and makes it more enjoyable to live in. Poor maintenance of housing estates in the city can lead to serious damage and safety hazards. It may also affect the city-scape and the appearance of a neighborhood. Unkempt buildings which are poorly main-tained might cause other unwanted socio-economic challenges in the city such as urban decay. They can also stir debates and cause tensions among tenants who either own or rent fl ats in multi-story multi-title housing. This paper explores the challenges of maintaining high-rise apartment buildings, and examines how technology can assist in maintaining and managing residential condominiums. Given the challenges that these buildings present, including those associated with shared ownership, technology may become another tool to aid homeowners in upkeep, management, and prevention of wear and tear.

KEYWORDS _ condominiums, asset management, maintenance & repair, technology


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SPACE AND TECHNIQUE

_ Dražen JuračićProfessor, Ph.D, dipl.ing.arch, partner in juračić skorup architects; professor Zagreb University Faculty of architecture; Zagreb Torbarova 4; [email protected]

_ Jelena SkorupPh.D, dipl.ing.arch, partner in juračić skorup architects; Zagreb Torbarova 4; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Space is less complex than Place. It has physical aspects, in architecture, they are defi ned by techni-cal means. Place has to have more – a meaning – the matter for memory and emotions. Technique is less complex than Technology. It represents the set of skills and procedures to achieve a prede-termined goal. Technology is purposeful assemblage of different techniques. We will speak about practice of articulating Space using Techniques in designing the building that does not belong to a recognized type. This building is representing articulation problems occurring in absence of the es-tablished pattern, known model and examples. It is pars pro toto for big class of emerging new sorts of edifi ces. In our case: a very big restaurant, seating thirteen hundred guests, three times a day, in an all-inclusive seaside summer resort.

Thousand questions open: How to fi t a megastructure in pristine pine forest? How to design effi cient kitchen and swift food distribution? How to formulate covered terrace for thousand guests? Could it be oversized mediterannean porch, or isn’t it silly to go vernacular? How protect terrace from sun and rain? Can open space be mechanically cooled? What atmosphere, what ambiance to envision? Is it possible to fi nd an image, an idea of such space: in paintings, in memory, in literature? How to achieve fi nancial and temporal constraints? Less than four million euros for fi ve thousand square meters - to be build, furnished, equipped and fully functional in seven months, from October till May. How to balance design methods discipline with ad hoc ideas? How to enable client to participate but not to overstep and trespass? How to run and not loose breath? Will frustration overcome effi ciency? What is realistic ambition: to do functional space and appropriate construction? Or to achieve meaningful Place through new complex Technology?

KEYWORDS _ space and place, techniques and technology, ambition and frustration

[KEYNOTES]


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RE-INVENTED WATER-RELATED SPACES IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT

_ Gábor HeckenastDoctoral student, Breuer Marcell Doctoral School of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Pécs, Boszorkány u. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

_ Marcel Ferencz Habil, DLAFull professor, Ph.D, Ybl Miklós Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Szent István University, Thököly út 74., H-1146 Budapest, Hungary, [email protected]

_ András Tibor Kertész Full professor, Ph.D, Breuer Marcell Doctoral School of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Pécs, Boszorkány u. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The focus of this paper is the environmental awareness used for the water-related built environment – both on a building and urban scale. Water as natural element plays an enormous role in shaping our natural and built environments, thus it has also radically formed architectural thinking on creating space throughout the ages worldwide. Observing evolving building technology gives us an overview, which allows us to recognize a pattern in architectural thinking on creating water-related spaces, even if it was built for residential, commercial, recreational or representational purposes. A deeper under-standing of the fundamental relationship between nature, water and settlements, helps reduce the disadvantageous impact of human activity on nature, which has been growing over time. Sustainable design methods need to be (re)invented to meet new and changing conditions in settlements, for living in harmony with nature - as it once was. Nowadays, new paths and solutions have opened up at an accelerating pace, thanks to the research and development in technology, which also provides an opportunity for a continuous dialogue between nature and architecture. Contemporary architecture tries to reshape its way of thinking on nature, based on the idea of re-fi nding a harmonious symbiosis with the power of science and technology to provide sustainable alternatives for the future.

KEYWORDS _ water, urban planning, sustainability, technology, design methods

[URB]


18

MASS HOUSING ESTATES IN CSEPEL, BUDAPEST: URBAN FORM EVALUATION IN RELATION TO SUSTAINABILITY

Hlib Antypenko PhD student, Csonka Pál Doctoral School, Faculty of Architecture, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rkp. 3, [email protected]

Melinda Benko PhD and habil., Associate Professor, Department of urban Planning and Design,Faculty of Architecture, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rkp. 3, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Mass housing is a global urban phenomenon, whilst in the Central and Eastern European countries the majority of these neighborhoods were constructed during the socialist period. The research fo-cuses on the city of Csepel, former industrial town, since 1950 the 21st district of Budapest. Budapest is one of the Hungarian cities with a very high mass housing ratio, more than two-third of its popula-tion lives there. The paper compares fi ve housing developments in Csepel - three of them were award-ed on a national level at the time of their construction. Situated next to the main axis of Csepel - Béke téri, a modern housing estate from the end of 40s; Rakéta utcai, an awarded modern housing estate from the end of 50s; Ady út large prefabricated housing estate with 10 story high slabs from the end of 60s; Simon Bolivár Estate, an awarded large prefabricated housing estate from the end of 70s; and Rákóczi úti - one of the rare social housing developments from 2000s in Hungary.

The urban position of these neighborhoods is similar, while the architectural and technical qualities of the buildings vary and is often subjected to the original construction problems or actual renewal pol-icy issues. Taking into consideration that all these estates were planned as a single urban and devel-opment unit, its urban form and open space elements should be revaluated, seeking the perspectives for its adaptation to the contemporary urban and market demands. Comparison uses sustainability indicators related to physical environment such as: density, diversity, land use, greening, transporta-tion, compactness et cetera to give a fair picture of the estates’ urban values and potentials. What are the architecture and urban qualities and weaknesses of these housing estates? How the urban form developed over time? How sustainable is the urban form of these estates? What can be done to boost its attractiveness to the citizens, architects, and developers?

KEYWORDS _ mass housing, urban form, sustainable urban neighborhoods, post-socialist city, Budapest


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SHARED SPACE IS HUMAN TECHNOLOGY

_ Pieter de HaanConsultant, researcher Knowledge Centre Shared Space Westersingel 4, 8913CK Leeuwarden, Netherlands, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In the Dutch city of Drachten over 20 years ago a project started to design a junction without traffi c signs nor lines and with a single surface level. Later on it was called Shared Space and this concept started to spread over the Netherlands and surrounding countries.

Background for this idea was that, certainly in old city centres and villages, technology was not enough to acquire the behaviour that was preferable. More and more rules were violated and respect and communication between road users was decreasing. An overview of these years can be found in an article in Urban Design (De Haan, 2018).

After experiments and evaluations of many projects we now know that there is more needed to reach a working Shared Space. A place should be related to the history of the place or neighbourhood. Places are unique in a historical way, but have also a social meaning. So every Shared Space location is unique and depending on the design it will have the results of a place that has more quality and is more vibrant, lively.

If we (the designers) can design places in a way that more human behaviour is elicited, then places are no longer traffi c places, but social places, places to be, to shop and to meet. This is what happens in Shared Space.

People communicate with other road users all equal in their rights, no longer dependent nor defi ned by the mode of transport they use or the place they use. Speeds are harmonized and low. The technol-ogy used for this is design, urban design, architecture. Perception based on psychological principles and risk balance in adapting speeds.

In the conference we now can present results of experiments and evaluative studies on Shared Space. It’s no longer an idea, but a concept that’s becoming based on scientifi c results and data.

KEYWORDS _ shared space, urban design, human technology

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20

THE SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION OF THE OLD COMMUNITY IN BEIJING NO.72 OF TIANQIAO AS AN EXAMPLE

_ Xue KangBreuer Marcel Doctoral School, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Pécs, Boszorkány u. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

_ Yufang ZhouSchool of Architecture, China Central Academy of Fine Arts, Huajiadinan Str. 8, Chaoyang, Beijing, China, [email protected]

_ Gabriella MedvegyFaculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Pécs, Boszorkány u. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

ABSTRACT Cities are the core space of human life and the comprehensive crystallization of human civilization. The city construction gradually turns to globalization and internationalization, along with the prog-ress of knowledge and the update of technology. As a historic capital, Beijing also faces the same challenges of modernization and urbanization as other international cities. How to make cities more suitable for future life is the goal of contemporary architects and urban planners. The sustainable community construction of Beijing Tianqiao art district, which started in 2017, is an experimental exploration of the future development of old urban communities. No.72 has been transformed from a vacant rental house into a community cultural public service space, one of a series of projects in the Tianqiao arts district. The project attempts to create a relaxed public space in a dense city. Rede-signing the abandoned or passively used space in the old community and giving it new functions is an effective way to stimulate the vitality of the community and serve the urban residents in this case. The Tianqiao arts district, as a typical traditional community in Beijing, makes the project more repre-sentative. Repair the city from the tiny Spaces of the community, from point to line, and then connect the whole city into a network. The innovation of community micro-governance and the improvement of community self-service capacity are the beginning of the long work to improve urban space.

KEYWORDS _ urban renewal, community, sustainable, space governance


21

SPACES THAT STIMULATE INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY AND PROVIDE A SENSE OF COMMUNITY AND PLACE – THREE CASE STUDIES FROM ZAGREB

_ Bojan Baletić Ph.D, Faculty of Architecture, University of Zagreb, Kačićeva 26, 10000 Zagreb, [email protected]

_ Kristina CarevaPh.D, Faculty of Architecture, University of Zagreb, Kačićeva 26, 10000 Zagreb, [email protected]

_ Morana PapPh.D, Faculty of Architecture, University of Zagreb, Kačićeva 26, 10000 Zagreb, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The development of information technology and the global economy are causing the emergence of new forms of work and entrepreneurial collaborations. These changes are at the intersection of educational and business activities as well as creative and technological domains. This new design thinking culture requires a stimulating environment. For the last ten years, we have been researching new spatial confi gurations that provide support for creative and innovative processes. These facili-ties, with creative and social dynamic they provide, were put into the context of new campus planning, sustainable lifestyle promotion and urban regeneration founded on nature-based solutions. This pa-per discusses the spatial development of architectural spaces which can house a mix of activities (creation, innovation, enterprise) and offers an elaboration of their organizational and functional char-acteristics. Moreover, it puts their characteristics into the context of brownfi eld reuse for the estab-lishment of a new urban identity and the quality of place. This innovative approach for new facilities has been validated by academic community and a local community in Zagreb.

KEYWORDS _ Innovative methods, design thinking, brownfi eld reuse, community-driven hub

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22

INFLUENCE OF VISUAL INTEGRATION AND PEDESTRIAN MOBILITY ON EVERYDAY EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC SPACE

_ Stefan ŠkorićUniversity of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, [email protected]

_ Aleksandra MilinkovićUniversity of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, [email protected]

_ Dijana BrkljačUniversity of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, [email protected]

_ Milena KrklješProfessor, Ph.D, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

During the previous decades, non-implementation of legal regulations has led to unrestrained ar-rangement of inadequate physical and visual obstacles that have induced great negative effect on the pedestrian mobility and visibility at the public spaces of Novi Sad (Serbia). On the other hand, visual integration and effectiveness of mobility at the visited public space can induce a positive or negative effect on the visitors’ perception of that space, which represents valuable input factor for fur-ther analysis. Therefore, a space syntax methodology is used in order to comprehend complex links between morphological and spatial characteristics of built environment and pedestrian movement and visibility at the selected public spaces in Novi Sad, by applying visibility graph analysis (VGA). The study is based on analyses of how are all fragments of public space visually interconnected, and what is its relation to the pedestrian movement and usage of public space. The analysis is done both at the ground level and at the eye level, with the focus on fi xed and mobile physical and visual barriers. Obstacles are grouped into different categories, with the focus on immovable public furniture and moveable furniture of private cafes and restaurants that have particularly discouraged people from moving freely around public space with greater selection of walking routes. Improved visual integra-tion of space and unobstructed pedestrian mobility are reassessed with the aim of promoting walking without interruptions and impediments, and as a starting point for other public activities.

KEYWORDS _ public space, mobility, visibility, obstacles, Novi Sad


23

THE IMPORTANCE OF YOUNGSTERS’ RESPONSIBLE ACTION IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT: AN EXPERIENCE OF STREET CO-DESIGN

_ Lucia MartincighDepartment of Architecture, Roma Tre University, Via Madonna dei Monti, 40, Rome, [email protected]

_ Marina Di GuidaDepartment of Architecture, Roma Tre University, Via Madonna dei Monti, 40, Rome, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

By 2030, 5 billion people will live in cities asking for more transport, resources (energy, water, etc.) and waste systems. While cities generate economic growth, they are also responsible for 70% of global CO2 emissions. For containing this problem, it is necessary that all urban actors (citizens, local au-thorities, research bodies, professional and production world) become more aware of the relationship between local/individual choices and global/collective challenges. So, a trans-disciplinary approach, which integrates research and practice, through the cooperation between various working and educa-tional realities, and considers citizens as “knowledge producers” and “community builders” in urban redevelopment processes, has to be used. Therefore, citizens, especially the younger generations, have to be involved in urban co-design processes, as users but also as bearers of knowledge. This paper reports an experience carried out in a project funded by the ESF-PON 2014-2020 “For schools, skills and environments for learning: enhancement of global citizenship skills”. One of the modules of this project, aimed at enhancing the active role of secondary school students and their ability to identify problems and solutions through collective refl ection, focused on the re-appropriation of the street spaces facing the entrance of a historic school in Rome. Two different proposals (low and medium/high budget), aimed at improving users’ quality of life, stemmed from theoretical lessons, applying a requirement/performance approach, and surveys and laboratory sessions, including: the devising and administration of an online questionnaire to defi ne local problems; a brainstorming to propose possible solutions; some sketches. The proposals, displayed in the school to involve all the students, were presented to the municipal authorities which expressed the intention to carry on the design for future realization.

KEYWORDS _ youngsters’ participation, co-design, responsivestreet design, requirement / performance approach

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24

THE CULTIVATION OF IDEAS

_ Aleksandra DjukićFaculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73/II, Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Admir IslamčevićFaculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, University of Banja Luka, Stepe Stepanovića 77/II, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, [email protected]

_ Dubravko AleksićFaculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, University of Banja Luka, Stepe Stepanovića 77/II, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

René François Ghislain Magritte is a Belgian painter known for paintings depicting real objects in im-possible relationships. The Cultivation of Ideas shows a change in the thought process frozen in one moment. Looking at the picture, viewer can assume the next steps in the development of the image. Further image change is depending on viewer perception.

The paper is the result of analyzing and interpreting the image The Cultivation of Ideas, by René Mag-ritte, through a methodology of decomposition. As such, it has a clear connection with artistic cre-ativity and it is the subjective grasp of the creative process embodied in the metaphor of cultivation that unfolds daily around us, through the micro-macro world. The research is a visual and linguistic demonstration of thought processes. It functions as a guideline, not by any means as a repeating pattern. It is based on short instructions, and opens the possibility for any kind of user integration.

The methodology process of two-dimensional and three-dimensional spatial decomposition is re-sulting in architectural order guidelines and matrix. The result of research is variable defi nition and re-defi nition of a street, a square and a park. Street is a body movement symbol, the line and an ideal way to observe the environment. It can be endless and a compound of an extremes. The square is a point of intersection of different interests, needs and ideas. It is a public knot, a static and diverse foundation on an event. The park can take on different roles. Its users are the creators of the park, and the park educates the users.

KEYWORDS _ aesthetics, decomposition, street, square, park


25

SECURITY ASPECTS OF URBAN PLANNINGAND DESIGN - “THE EUROPEAN MODEL”

_ Milos TomicResearcher, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/2, Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Jovana DinicResearcher, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Political Science, Jove Ilica 165, Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Elena Priorova Associate professor, Moscow Region State University, VeryVoloshinoy street 24, Moscow Region, Russia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The permanent development and modernization of urban infrastructure over the last few decades have been crucial in increasing the vulnerability of the community.The need to minimize security risks (urban violence, terrorist attacks) is particularly pronounced when urban planning and designing everyday social environments. The goal pursued by urban planners is to create a positive security atmosphere (perceptual or realistic) through strategic partnerships and cooperation policies between municipal, city and national levels of government. This model (so-called: “European model”) of urban planning has been implemented in several European countries (such as Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom ) to improve the quality of living conditions in populated urban areas. Urban planning and design implies the analysis and incorporation of safety security elements in the form of specifi c functional barriers in the public space. Using sophisticated computer software(Vul-nerability Identifi cation Tools for Resilience Enhancements of Urban Environments, VITRUV), urban planners can accurately identify and analyze security risks and their damages, and offer the right solutions. The aim of this paper will be to describe the security aspects of urban planning and design, and the effi cient use of public space to improve the security situation with minimal disruption to everyday social ativities.

KEYWORDS _ urban infrastructure, urban planning and design, security risks

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26

THE ROLE OF IDENTITY IN SHAPING RESILIENT OPEN PUBLIC SPACES SURROUNDING SMALL URBAN STREAMS

_ Aleksandra DjukićAssociate Professor, Ph.D, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, [email protected]

_ Višnja Sretović BrkovićResearch Assistant, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Open public spaces surrounding small urban streams are faced with a growing number of problems in the last few decades as a result of climate change. Frequent fl oods and droughts made most of these areas non-functional, abandoned and devastated for the better part of the year. Majority of the spaces surrounding small urban streams currently are not capable to adapt and transform in accor-dance with new ecological challenges.

In order to create public spaces that live year-round, it is necessary to design them according to principles of resilient design. The socio-ecological resilience, an interdisciplinary concept based in ecology, offers a conceptual ground for the principles for creation of resilient spaces, i.e. spaces that are resilient to the changes and utilize natural disturbances for the improvement of space. According to this concept, one of the most important qualities of resilience is preservation of identity in times of natural disturbances and recovery.

In this paper we will analyse the question of identity of open public spaces surrounding small urban streams in the context of resilience, based on the case of watercourses in Belgrade. The goal of this research is to identify the elements that shape the identity of open public spaces and to determine their role in the future revitalization of these spaces, in order to realize year-round uniform quality of space.

KEYWORDS _ small urban streams, public open spaces, resilience, identity


27

AN URBAN DESIGN TECHNIQUE REGARDING ACTIVE AGING IN OUTDOOR SPACES

_ Fernando Brandão AlvesDEC /CITTA, Faculty o Engineering, University of Porto, [email protected]

_ Lara MendesMunicipality of Caminha – Portugal / CITTA, [email protected]

_ António Brandão AlvesUniversity Lusíada Norte - Porto, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Good public spaces should encourage elderly people to get rid of their private/home space and should be considered as a vital opportunity to promote health through activity that elderly can devel-op in outdoor spaces. This study aims to propose a new methodology that combines the International Classifi cation of Urban Design (IC-UD), based on “functioning and disability associated with health conditions” (CIF) and the “health conditions” (CID-10), in order to assist oriented urban design solu-tions regarding elderly’s healthier lives. Therefore, the combined technique that feeds the methodol-ogy represents an important tool for urban design practitioners.

To strengthen this technique, the method is based on relevant fi ndings coming from literature review: some related to active ageing by analysing the program of the age-friendly cities (WHO) and others concerning the international classifi cation of functioning (CIF). Specially in residential areas it is im-portant to retain international good practice for urban design, along with the WHO guidelines and the standard language defi ned CIF, as a universal lexicon for urban design - International Classifi cation of Urban Design (CI-DU), which should be associated with educational programmes at different levels.

The (new) International Classifi cation of Urban Design (CI-DU) can (i) provide a scientifi c basis for un-derstanding and studying the determinants of active aging, results and conditions relating to quality of life, (ii) establish a common language for describing health and health-related states, to improve communication between different users, such as health professionals, researchers, politicians, policy makers and the public, including people with disabilities, (iii) allow the comparison of data between countries, between disciplines related to active aging and practice in public spaces in residential ar-eas, (iv) provide an universal coding scheme to base an information system geared for urban design and public spaces, including residential areas, (v) support design decisions and best practices.

KEYWORDS _ ageing friendly techniques, active ageing, inclusive design, elderly’s health

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28

SAFE COMMUNITIES THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

_ Giovanni SergiArchitect and City Planner freelance, strada del Cavallo 81/B Portone 60019 Senigallia (An) Italy, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The “Sustainable cities and communities” is one of the 17 objectives defi ned in September 2015 by the United Nations Development Program for sustainable development to be achieved by 2030. In particular, it highlights the need to be able to make available to all the populations of the globe by 2030 “…. universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities.”

In many countries central and local authorities have worked to implement concrete measures in or-der to make urban environments safer. To sum up several measures have been implemented among which tools for urban planning to tackle deviant behaviours of some social groups. One of the el-ements characterising urban policies is the systematic cooperation between public authorities in charge of urban planning, real estate companies and experts in security issues.

In Italy some interesting experiences regard the Municipality of Reggio Emilia, Varese, Padua, Genoa, Piacenza and some other urban areas. It can be argued that over the past few years, the following approaches have been used in Italy, with alternate results: 1) national and local legislation and adminis-trative decisions by Municipalities to increase safety and security. This framework includes ordinances issued by Mayors to regulate specifi c problems such as the use of public areas, the opening/closing time of shops and many other issues; 2) some initiatives regarding urban planning aiming at changing and creating urban areas to improve the safety of areas having different dimensions and functions: a square or a road, a new or already existing residential settlement; 3) some initiatives based on the model of Smart City which give the opportunity to use new technologies in a systematic way.

In this paper we will present in detail the initiatives recently taken by two important Italian Municipal-ities with regard to the problem of urban safety: the Municipality of Reggio Emilia which has 172,000 inhabitants and the Municipality of Piacenza which has 104,000 inhabitants.

KEYWORDS _ safe urban environments, sustainable development, urban settlements, Reggio Emilia, Piacenza


29

THE CHALLENGES OF DOCKLESS CYCLING IN THE CITIES OF SE EUROPE: THE EXAMPLE OF BANJALUKA

_ Mladen MilakovićPhD candidate, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, [email protected]

_ Aleksandra StuparProfessor, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In the familiar context of urban pollution and traffi c jams, technological evolution again offers possi-ble solutions for solving these problems. One of the new trends of urban mobility is the introduction of so-called dockless bike-sharing system, as an upgraded version of the previous mode of bike-sharing. The paper focuses on its implementation in the cities of South East Europe (SEE) and the selected case of Banjaluka.

The dockless bike-sharing system involves locating (via embedded GPS device) and renting the clos-est bike in a service area, while not being limited by a specifi c home location and fi xed stations. Nonetheless, dockless bike-sharing operators encourage bicycle drop-off near predetermined spots. This mode of transportation is quite new and requires further improvement since its has been no-ticed that users often leave their bicycles in extremely awkward positions, while the number of stolen bikes has been increased too. Therefore, the legislation which would support this system needs to be adjusted and updated in accordance with its specifi cities. However, there are numerous advantages related to cheaper infrastructure, greater availability and accessibility achieved by the simple use of a smartphone and a credit card. Consequently, the application of the dockless bike-sharing system might contribute to the reduction of motor traffi c, air pollution, and a greater use of bicycles. Consid-ering this, the case of Banjaluka will be analyzed and the recommendations for the introduction of this system will be presented.

KEYWORDS _ dockless bike-sharing, mobility, environmental awareness, effi ciency

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30

SKOPJE PUBLIC SPACES EVALUATED: ANALYSIS AND TYPOLOGIES

_ Divna PenchikjAssociate professor, PhD, Faculty of Architecture, University “SS. Cyril and Methodius”, Blvd. Partizanski odredi 24, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia, [email protected]

_ Jasmina Siljanoska Professor, PhD, Faculty of Architecture, University “SS. Cyril and Methodius”, Blvd. Partizanski odredi 24, Skopje, Macedonia, [email protected]

_ Dana Jovanovska Assoc. MSc, Faculty of Architecture, University “SS. Cyril and Methodius”, Blvd. Partizanski odredi 24, Skopje, Macedonia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In order to infl uence the design agenda locally in the city of Skopje the municipalities have adopted a range of strategies, standards, guidelines and control practices for quality public spaces which in many cases accommodate ‘generic’ and ‘globalized’ design principles and are not always appropriate to the local context and peculiarities. For better understanding the requirements of the different public realm spaces and guiding local communities’ decisions on future responsive planning solutions it was nec-essary to structure proper public realm typologies created for a locally recognised purpose and based on criteria relevant to that purpose. At this juncture, although broad comparisons across extremely diverse spatial classifi cations and versatile framework are made, we primarily refer to one of the most recent international defi nitions in this area which is offered by The Charter of Public Space, while the valuation to the analysis and fi ndings presented in the Public Space Profi le for the city of Skopje, a study which was supported by the UN Habitat (Enhanced Right to the City for All) as a brief overview of the current practices of public space development and management in Skopje.

The presented study was focused on understanding and analysis of the existing system of public spaces in Skopje in relation with relevant municipalities and local peculiarities. In-depths analysis has been performed on selected public spaces with focus on selected indicators through a combination of cadastre maps, city and municipal GIS platforms and site visiting. Defi nition of urban public space, of quantitative and qualitative indicators relevant to public space and the methodology for measuring of the quantitative and qualitative parameters of public spaces in Skopje has been performed relevant to the SDG 11.7 developed by UN Habitat (Target 11.7: By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and per-sons with disabilities) and site analysis. The results and the fi ndings from the research are supported by a set of recommendations, which provide solid basis for future discussions and improved urban policy on public space development and management.

KEYWORDS _ public spaces, public space typologies, sustainable development goals-target 11.7, Skopje public space profi le


31

THE PLACES OF (NON)REMEMBRANCE - THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN CREATING THE PLACES OF COLLECTIVE MEMORY

_ Milja MladenovićPhD Student, Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The topic of the paper is related to the processes of promoting the cultural heritage of Belgrade by creating a system of interactive places of remembrance. By identifying the relevant and the forgotten landmarks of Belgrade, the research aims to revive the stories of the places that played a role in the cultural development of the city but remain unmarked to this day. In the research, the landmarks are named “Mesta (Ne)Sećanja” – The places of (Non)Remembrance. The paper aims to defi ne the means of creating site-specifi c virtual memorials that promote the identity of Belgrade, while simul-taneously implementing the “Digital City” concept of urban development. The polygon of research is divided into two zones of Belgrade city centre, that are most visited by tourists. The focus of the work is connecting the 24 historically relevant and unmarked places in Belgrade in a single GIS-based network, which can be accessed by mobile phones or tablets in the specifi c locations. By connecting the georeferenced places with stories and augmented-reality (AR) models that provide interaction with users in real-time, it is possible to design virtual memorials that create the interference between the physical public space marked in 24 locations and virtual space at the specifi c web page or ap-plication. The paper relies on the results of an experimental project “Mesta (Ne)Sećanja” (The Plac-es of (Non)Remembrance) conducted in 2017 that tested the implementation of the concept at the location of the “Kafana Albanija” historical landmark. The results include the numerical data of user interaction with the digital memorial as well as the guidelines for the physical sign of the memorial in the exact location, based on the tested design variables.

KEYWORDS _ “Mesta (Ne)Sećanja”, site-specifi c, public art, augmented reality, digital memorials

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32

TRANSITIONING THE PUBLIC SPACE - THE CASE OF BELGRADE SHOPPING MALL

_ Marija CvetkovićTeaching Assistant, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73-II, [email protected]

_ Ivan SimićPhD, Assistant Professor, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73-II, [email protected]

_ Aleksandar GrujičićTeaching Assistant, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73-II, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The (shopping) mall is a utopian common space that aims to form new gathering places and bring people together, functioning as a “city within a city” (Gruen & Smith, 1960; Kaliski, 2008). They are becoming new downtowns and are now ubiquitous and frequently visited places (Kowinski, 1985). Contrary to the concept of a mall being considered a non-place (Augè, 1992), it is now often viewed as one of the better-quality forms of public life in a modern city - spaces that have the highest level of attendance, and are able to function as super-places.

The emergence of shopping mall is notable after the World War II, differentiating the USA model and the European one. While in the USA the problem of traffi c expansion in the use of shopping facilities was solved by placing trade facilities on the outskirts of cities adjacent to transit streets and inter-changes, in Europe a controlled separation of heavy traffi c was carried out, which allowed the creation of spaces synthesising the pedestrian corridors and shopping areas in the city core. The transition process has had signifi cant consequences in the context of economic, political and social structures in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. A visible aspect of these changes is also seen in retail organization, privatization and the formation of new trade organizations, and the opening of markets to foreign capital and international trading chains.

Presenting the examples of one characteristic shopping mall in Belgrade - Rajićeva Shopping Center - distinct by its urban extent and morphology, this paper aims to explore potential urban identity and quality of space increase in the case of newly formed semi-public spaces within open and closed areas of the mall, by analysing the spatio-physical aspect of the mall and its role in the defi nition of immediate urban surrounding.

KEYWORDS _ shopping mall, semi-public space, urban identity, public space quality, Belgrade


33

THE RESTORATIVE EFFECTS OF MULTI-SENSORY OPEN SPACE DESIGN – THE EXAMPLE OF JAPANESE GARDENS

_ Eva Vanista Lazarevic PhD, Full Professor, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Bul. Kralja Aleksandra 73, Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Tena LazarevicM.Arch, Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, e-mail: [email protected]

_ Jelena MaricM.Arch, Teaching Assistant, Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The primary health issues of modern urban lifestyle are stress-related and can lead to serious dam-age to both physical and mental wellbeing. In this context, the topic of restorative effects of natural environments and multi-sensory design of public open space is rather signifi cant. This particular paper aims to expand the knowledge base regarding different relations between the characteristics of urban design, sensorial aspects of space and their therapeutic and healing effect. Focusing on users’ multiple sensory dimensions, sensory parks emphasize the stimulation of various senses, enhancing human communication with others, and positive emotional responses. Multi-sensory perception in a rehabilitation garden is closely related to the users’ sense of existence, emotions, and physiology and it could establish a wordless “communication”, which is benefi cial to realize an extended emotional and existential awareness and increase the mental restorative effect accordingly.

The methodology is based on the focused literature review regarding theoretical concepts such as Environmental psychology, Attention Restoration Theory, Place Attachment, Restorative gardens, etc. Also, this paper will present the case study analysis, including expert observation of good practice examples of Japanese gardens and open public space. Therefore, this paper will examine theories and practical examples that show the therapeutic impact that the multi-sensorial approach in design has. As a result, through the methodology mentioned above the specifi c set of spatial guidelines for successful urban design of sensory open space will be presented.

KEYWORDS _ multi-sensory, public space, urban design, healing space, wellbeing, Japanese gardens

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34

URBAN LIVING LABS FOR SENSITIVE CITY CULTURAL HERITAGE REGENERATION

_ Jasmina SiljanoskaProf. PhD, Faculty of Architecture, University “SS. Cyril and Methodius”, Blvd. Partizanski odredi 24, Skopje, Macedonia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The turn of the century was characterised by many different tendencies and shifting paradigms in theory and practices that affected the way the cities are planned and governed. Out of many present tendencies in the knowledge about the contemporary cities’ future development, the sensitive city paradigm stands out as an effective way of transition from smart city because it has added the com-ponent of equity into equation. The sensitive city paradigm uses data innovation, artifi cial intelligence along with human consciousness in order to advance the decision-making processes in urban plan-ning, while promoting discussion and inclusion of various stakeholders to fi nd out solution.

In this respect the paper refers to the concept of living labs which perpetuate inclusive city and pres-ent a real-life test and experimentation environment. For the idea to be described the experiences and results carried out through the Skopje Urban Living Lab (SkULL), established as part of the ROCK (Re-generation and Optimisation of Cultural heritage in creative and Knowledge cities), European Union’s Horizon 2020 project, have been used. The historic area of the city centre of Skopje, including the Old Bazaar, Medieval City Fortress and the immediate vicinity, presented demonstration area on which to develop collaborative and innovative ways of local citizens, businesses and other stakeholders’ involvement in the processes of cultural heritage rehabilitation and re-utilisation.

The paper presented three core activities which have been carried out through the SkULL: 1. Those that supported the concept of “open” city, especially open data and open knowledge. In order to real-ise the idea a digital platform for open sources information on land use, property of the parcels and other cadastre information has been launched, as well information on different urban data collected through sensors and ICT tools; 2. Those that support and foster collaborative ideas and shared expe-riences for better understanding of the protected area development potentials and qualitative spatial re-use, by introducing ICT incubators and innovative technologies, as well creative industries and contemporary “crafts” as suppliers of new products and services. The dominant forms of the activi-ties were “Open days” and the “Shops with history” initiative inauguration and 3. Those that brought together multiple stakeholders (researchers, artists and students, citizens and local government) in creative workshops to participate in co-designing and co-shaping of the spaces/structures of the historic city.

KEYWORDS _ Sensitive City, Skopje Urban Living Lab, Cultural Heritage Regeneration, ROCK Project


35

THE SPATIO-TEMPORALITY OF A PUBLIC SPACE BY OBSERVING THE BEHAVIORS OF ITS USERS; CASE OF SIDI-BOUSAID

_ Ons Ben DhaouDepartment of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pécs, Boszokány u. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

_ Norbert Vasváry-NádorDepartment of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pécs, Boszokány u. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

ABSTARCT

The functional use of a space is never a mere material use, but a situation that creates an imaginary relationship with that space and gives it meaning. In fact, when people talk about space, they talk about themselves, they translate their experiences in space and then engage in a process of mean-ing. It is assumed in this article that the forms and components of Sidi Bou-Said can give meaning to space and otherwise infl uence its practices. Presented under this image of a public space, social practices fi t into it. Sidi Bou-Said is therefore “the immaterial and media space” the space of commu-nication understood as “public sphere”. A place where one seeks to communicate, to identify with a community. The combination of the observed spatio-temporal elements consists in talking about the user/space relationship with all that it entails of otherness, temporality, spatial devices and culture.

KEYWORDS _ public space, spatio-temporality, spatiality, temporality, observation, social behaviours

[URB]


36


37

APPLICATION OF VENEER BASED PANELS IN EXOSKELETON ARCHITECTURE

_ Neda SokolovićUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Architecture Technologies, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/2, Belgrade, Serbia. [email protected]

_ Ana KontićUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Architecture Technologies, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/2, Belgrade, Serbia. [email protected]

_ Andrej JosifovskiUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Architecture Technologies, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/2, Belgrade, Serbia. [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The development of new materials and technologies is one of the greatest initiator of new architec-tural thought. Development within the long-standing continuous improvement of wood as material was induced by technological development and new market demands. Good mechanical and physi-cal properties of wood and its easy accessibility, initiated further development and improvement of products based on this material. The aims of this improvement are more rational wood application and improvement of its physical and mechanical properties in regard to monolithic wood. In particular signifi cant are wood-based products made from veneer layers, plywood and laminated veneer lumber (LVL). These materials stand out from other wood-based panel materials due to their mechanical and aesthetic performance. Previous application of veneer-based panels as a structural element in architecture has been implied as secondary or tertiary structural elements which transfer the load to supporting structural members, or to stiffen wooden structures. Recognition a good mechanical property of the material and its advantages as a small self-weight encouraged examining the possi-bilities of using wood-based panel products as the primary structural support element in exoskeleton structures, i.e. using building envelope as object structure. Application plywood and LVL is research study, so in this paper authors will analyze the possibilities of using these products as an exoskeleton supporting element, through case studies of realized experimental structures. Through research real-ised structures will be analysed, with a focus on shell structures. They will be evaluated through rec-ognition of its advantages and disadvantages, especially those are directly conditioned by the struc-tural characteristics of the material. Analyses of structures will be done according following criteria: structure design, spatial stability, span constraints, possibilities of loads the structure can support and connections between elements. In order to encourage use of veneer-based panels as load-bear-ing element in the exoskeleton structure, the paper will set guidelines for further research in this area and will recommend possibilities to improve mechanical characteristics of material. Rationalization of the use of wood-based panels in folded structures will highlight in paper. Forming exoskeleton structure from this material contributes rational use of the structure and raw wood materials saving. KEYWORDS _ veneer panels, plywood, еxoskeleton, structural elements, building envelope as construction

[TECH]


38

RAISING CLIMATE RESILIENCE IN BUILDINGS ON THEWESTERN MEDITERRANEAN COAST—MERGING PASSIVE AND ACTIVE NATURAL VENTILATIVE COOLING TECHNIQUES

_ Nikola PesicPhD student, Barcelona School of Architecture (ETSAB); Avinguda Diagonal, 649; 08028 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected]

_ Adrian Muros AlcojorProfessor, Barcelona School of Architecture (ETSAB), Technology department (TA); Avinguda Diagonal, 649; 08028 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected]

_ Jaime Roset CalzadaProfessor, Barcelona School of Architecture (ETSAB), Physics department (FIS); Avinguda Diagonal, 649; 08028 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

This paper presents the considered capabilities to improve space cooling energy effi ciency in the Mediterranean climate ambience by merging and optimizing selected natural ventilative techniques. The fi rst part of this analysis defi nes a set of control strategies based on specifi c confi gurations of cross ventilation and fan-assisted advanced natural ventilation. The objective is to take advantage of principally lower nocturnal temperature ranges, due to being less affected by the current climate change effects, and to refl ect such a potential in the reduction of day-time cooling energy loads. The second part of the study examines the integration of defi ned control strategies into a climate responsive building form of a mid-rise offi ce-type building positioned in three different geographical locations along the Catalonian coastline—the cities of Barcelona, Terrassa and Tarragona. In order to provide a comparative overview of energy effi ciency for each applied control strategy, the build-ing model is exposed parallel to present and future estimated climate change effects in the build-ing performance simulation environment while the general control and adjustments of established indoor airfl ow patterns are done by computational fl uid dynamics analyses. The generated output demonstrates that under the present-day climate conditions the achieved reduction of cooling energy demands is in the range between 53% and 65%. Looking further at the horizon of 2050, it accounts between 58% and 62%, while in 2080 the overall cut in cooling energy demands is between 54% and 57%. The comparative overview indicates that despite the rise of day-time temperatures due to cli-mate change effects, the proposed bioclimatic responsive building form based on lower nocturnal temperatures displays considered capabilities in cutting cooling energy demands in the Mediterra-nean climate ambiance in mid- and long-term periods in the future.

KEYWORDS _ natural ventilation, passive and active space cooling, system optimization, climate responsive building, the Mediterranean climate


39

DIGITAL PLANNING, CONSTRUCTION SUBMISSION AND APPROVAL PROCESSES IN AUSTRIA

_ Kurt BattistiA-NULL Development GmbH

_ Markus DörnA-NULL Development GmbH

_ Christoph Eichlertbw solutions ZT GesmbH & Flughafen Wien AG

_ Jacqueline ScherretA-NULL Development GmbH

_ Torsten UllrichFraunhofer Austria Research GmbH & Graz University of Technology, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In Austria, standard A6241-2 created the normative basis for the exchange of model-based data in building construction and civil engineering in 2015. This technology – known internationally as Build-ing Information Modelling (BIM) – is an essential building block for the digitization of the construction industry and has an impact on all those involved in the initiation, planning, construction and operation of buildings. This article describes the state-of-the-art in offi cial approval processes in Austria. It examines the digital process path, i.e. the provision of cadastral data, the usability of provided GIS data, the existence of automated preliminary inspection, and accelerated processing by means of e-government. Representative examples are used to illustrate the current state of offi cial approval processes in Austria.

The focus here is on the possibility of condensing the various public and semi-public basic planning data (location and environment) to prepare a consolidated requirements model, which can be used in BIM planning in the design and approval phase. It is shown where there are supplementary and overlapping data to identify confl ict situations. In the future, a building applicant will be given the op-portunity to complete the process online. This creates a clear time saving in relation to the processing time. This in turn accelerates the processing of projects and makes it easier for all parties involved.

KEYWORDS _ approval processes, digital planning, e-government, building information modeling (BIM), geographic information system (GIS)

[TECH]


40

INTEGRATION OF ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL ASPECTS THROUGH THE DESIGN PROCESS: INDIVIDUAL RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

_ Dimitar PapasterevskiPhD, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Architecture, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, bul. Partizanski odredi 24, Skopje, R. of Macedonia, [email protected]

_ Toni ArangjelovskiPhD, Associated Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, bul. Partizanski odredi 24, Skopje, R. of Macedonia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Louis Sullivan’s aesthetic credo “form follows function”, has become fundamental to the modernist architectural movement. From today’s point of view, the relations between form and function have changed so that sometimes structure can follow form, which at the same time implies the estab-lished of a new fundamental principle that would sound like “structure ever follows form”.

The paper tends to develop a framework for integrating architectural and structural design in order to achieve a harmonious coexistence between architectural technology and arts. Traditionally, through the process of developing the architectural idea in the preliminary design phase, architects are more concerned with form, composition, function and aesthetics; however, the structural properties of the distribution of the load-bearing elements are not taken into consideration at this stage. Our collab-orative experience as an architect and civil engineer suggests a new approach to developing archi-tectural projects by integrating the structural layout of elements at the earliest stage in conceptual design development.

Through an example of our author project of a realised individual residential building, we will illustrate the exploration of these aspects. The load-bearing structure is a reinforced concrete skeletal system that defi nes space that we can call “generic space”. The frame itself is specifi c and has qualities that determine the architecture for a long time. Finally, we proposed a framework for achieving a success-ful integration to evolve an architecturally pleasing and structurally effi cient building. Architecture, as a successful creative product, can only be delivered within this process developed through the balance and harmony of all elements and actors as a whole.

KEYWORDS _ Integration, frame, structural, generic space


41

IN-SITU MEASURING INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN PUBLIC KINDERGARTEN IN SLOVENIA. A CASE STUDY

_ Vesna LovecUniversity of Maribor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture, Slovenia, Smetanova ulica 17, Maribor 2000, [email protected]

_ Miroslav PremrovUniversity of Maribor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture, Slovenia, Smetanova ulica 17, Maribor 2000, [email protected]

_ Vesna Žegarac LeskovarUniversity of Maribor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture, Smetanova ulica 17, Maribor 2000, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The number of children in Slovenia, who are enrolled in kindergartens, is increasing, however, the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in kindergartens remains poorly investigated. Younger children are a vulnerable population, so the IEQ is extremely important for their well-being and growth. Therefore, it is essential to investigate and evaluate indoor conditions of kindergartens.

This study presents the results of the IEQ assessment based on objective evaluation by monitoring crucial indoor conditions in the public kindergarten located within a residential area in the city of Mari-bor, Slovenia. The research includes in-situ measurements in the kindergarten classroom during the heating season. Selected comfort parameters were simultaneously measured and investigated: the concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), air temperature and air humidity. Measurements were taken continuously during a period of twelve days. Besides monitoring, other analyses were conducted: the building thermal envelope, building construction, building site and environment, heating, occupant`s behaviour, etc.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyse elements of IEQ in the chosen kindergarten. Moreover, the aim is to investigate whether selected comfort parameters fulfi l the requirements of regulations and standards for the kindergartens. The goal is also to analyse the occupant’s behaviour and to study its relation to the IEQ pattern during the day and among working and non-working days. The results clearly indicate periods of high air temperature, dry air and high level of CO2, therefore measures for improvement of IEQ elements are discussed.

KEYWORDS _ Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), kindergarten, in-situ measurements

[TECH]


42

MODELS FOR CONTEMPORARY EXPLOITATION OF BALNEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL IN VOJVODINA

_ Nataša Ćuković IgnjatovićAssociate Professor, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, [email protected]

_ Dušan IgnjatovićAssociate Professor, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Due to its geological specifi cities, Vojvodina is abundant with various balneological resources. During 2018, an extensive multidisciplinary research was conducted in order to investigate the current condi-tion on 50 sites, explore the quality and quantity of relevant resources and offer proposals for devel-oping contemporary balneology facilities. The architectural programs spanned from modest drinking fountains to complex developments and resorts with variety of facilities. Throughout the process, a series of model units were developed and tailored to match the medical and therapeutical require-ments with the imperatives of environmentally conscious, sustainable and resilient architecture.

Typological and modular approach was identifi ed as the most effi cient both for effective devel-opment and construction in various circumstances as well as for promoting the balneology as a rediscovered potential for healthcare tourism, well-being and revival of some local communities. Site-specifi c architectural design is perceived as one of the key premises of green architecture; how-ever, the topology of Vojvodina planes has enabled the development of modular units that are easily adjusted to the specifi c site. These units were developed aiming to achieve different functional and esthetical variations using the same basic structure, building principles and components. Further-more, this approach enables seasonal variations and optimisations in facility’s capacity, allowing the permanent, year-round operation avoiding unnecessary operation costs and maintaining favourable ecological footprint. Finally, by using the optimised units for potential extensions, maintaining and improving of building performance is secured, while keeping recognizable and uncompromised ar-chitectural language throughout facility’s life span. The use of passive design features and on-site renewable energy resources (solar and geothermal) was also taken into the consideration from the conceptual design phase. The paper systematically presents the scope and achieved results of the research process with an overview of selected case study examples showing the application options in various conditions.

KEYWORDS _ balneology, green architecture, resilient architecture, healthcare, well-being


43

NEARLY ZERO ENERGY BUILDING CO2 EMISSIONS

_ Marin BiničkiLecturer, Faculty of Architecture, University of Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

_ Zoran VeršićAssociate Professor, PhD, Faculty of Architecture, University of Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

_ Iva MurajAssociate Professor, PhD, Faculty of Architecture, University of Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Nearly zero energy standard is an obligation for all new buildings in the European Union since the be-ginning of the year 2020. Improved energy effi ciency and the transition from fossil fuels to renewable sources are expected to signifi cantly reduce CO2 emissions from buildings. Operational energy (for heating, domestic hot water, cooling etc.) represents a large share of the energy use in buildings, but it is still only a segment in overall energy use during the life cycle of a building. Another major share is construction and production of building materials. For the buildings with the poor energy perfor-mance and fossil fuels as the main energy source, overall operational energy CO2 emissions exceed embodied energy emissions by several times. As energy sources shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy, operational and embodied energy ratio is changing.

This article compares operational energy CO2 emissions for buildings that meet the nearly zero ener-gy standards with those that do not, as well as embodied energy CO2 emissions for the different types of load bearing construction. Analysis is performed on a single-family house in Zagreb, Croatia, that meets the current national standards. Operational energy CO2 emissions comparison is made for: standard natural gas boiler, condensing natural gas boiler combined with photovoltaic solar panels, air to water heat pump and wood pellets boiler. Embodied energy CO2 emissions comparison is made for: reinforced concrete walls and slabs, perforated brick walls with semi-prefabricated ceiling and timber frame construction.

KEYWORDS _ nearly zero energy building, CO2 emissions, operational energy, embodied energy, single-family house

[TECH]


44

OPEN BIM FOR CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT IN SUSTAINABLE RENOVATION PROJECTS

_ Coline SeniorResearch assistant, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 7A, Trondheim, Norway, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The main goal of this paper is to discuss the development of a digital tool based on an open building information model (BIM) for better citizens’ engagement in sustainable renovation projects of residen-tial buildings. The ambition is linked with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), supported by the Norwegian government, municipalities and housing cooperatives’ Federation NBBL-Norske Bolig-byggelags Landsforbund (representing of 25% of residential buildings). The housing sector in Norway represents 67% of the building stock, which reinforces the importance of addressing sustainability in this sector. The research aims to open the BIM circle to residents, increasing transparency and build-ing trust in decision-making processes, facilitating easier communication, creating a new cultural identity and opportunities for inter-generational relations, visualizing complex technical solutions and ultimately infl uencing better project outcomes. The methodology used both quantitative and qualita-tive research methods that were organized through summer-schools and semester courses. In the paper, the analysis of the social/individual barriers to sustainable refurbishment and co-creation of a new interactive tool to achieve citizen engagement, are given. The methods also include the review of the past refurbishment projects, in which we identify successes and failures in the decision-making processes. Those bottom-up approaches are developed to better meet residents’ needs by gathering their feedback, leading to improved communication of the benefi ts of a high standard refurbishment project. A substantial part of gathering information was to listen and not teach to understand people needs and voices ultimately creating a visual survey. Thereby enabling a gamifi cation of the data collection process. The concept for a citizen engagement platform integrating BIM is developed and tested for the purposes of modelling the case site, collecting data and communicating with residents.

KEYWORDS _ citizen engagement, co-creation, gamifi cation, SDG, BIM


45

NEW TECHNOLOGIES OF CONSTRUCTION ON SERBIAN WATERS

_ Tijana Jacovic MaksimovicArchitectural Engineer at Mašinoprojekt Kopring JSC, PhD student, Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Mileve Maric Ajnstajn 84-33, [email protected]

_ Aleksandra Krstić-FurundžićFull professor, PhD, Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

As the general concept of living on water in Serbia has not moved far from raft-type fl oating struc-tures, the idea about urban development and activation of river courses, changing spatial-physical, economic, technological and modern sociological needs of living has to be changed and incorporated in the tendencies of modern architectural designing. Floating buildings, as architectural structures, are based on the principle of fl oatability, with fl exible installations i.e. the system cannot sink as it can move with the fl uctuation of water levels. Development and use of fl oating structures in large European cities as a new tendency in architecture could be the basis for defi ning the principle and technologies for construction of fl oating buildings in architectural designing and mapping of attrac-tive locations for the referent model in Serbia. This research deals with the possibilities of developing the practice of designing fl oating structures in Serbia in terms of construction technology and energy performances.

The objective of this paper is to explain the principles and technologies in construction of fl oating buildings as the key parameters in architectural designing of such structures on water areas in Serbia. This paper offers a concept of fl oating buildings on river courses and other water areas that could be applied in Serbia and which would be based on systematisation of data about already constructed fl oating buildings in Europe.

KEYWORDS _ fl oating buildings, urban regeneration, mobility, multi-case study approach activate rivers

[TECH]


46

EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONSTRUCTION OFAPARTMENT BUILDINGS – A TEMPORAL PERSPECTIVE

_ Ivana Brkanić Mihić Assistant professor, PhD, M.Arch, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vladimira Preloga 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia, [email protected]

_ Matej MihićPhD, M.C.Eng, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Kačićeva 26, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

_ Zvonko SigmundAssistant professor, PhD, M.C.Eng, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Kačićeva 26, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Designing apartment buildings is one of the most responsible tasks since it has the largest effect on the users and is their closest interaction with the built environment. People spend the most time in their homes and therefore it is imperative to explore all aspects of housing with the goal of un-derstanding and subsequently improving the living conditions. Architectural research in housing is mostly focused on urban planning and on spatial characteristics of the apartments but there are other areas which need to be considered, such as the structural aspect.

The structural elements of the buildings are primarily important for the building stability, but also for the living comfort. Additionally, the choice of the structural elements infl uences both the building cost and the time needed for construction. Development of new materials and technologies has enabled faster and cheaper construction of apartment buildings of higher quality and has opened up new architectural design possibilities. The goal of this paper is to identify the time periods of predominant use of certain materials and structural systems in apartment buildings and to show the evolution of construction technologies through the prism of residential architecture. The sample used in this research consists of apartment buildings in Osijek, Croatia constructed from 1930 to 2015.

KEYWORDS _ apartment buildings, housing, construction technologies, structural elements, residential architecture


47

ORIGIN OF CITIZENS AND IMPACT ON CITY

_ Nikola Z. FurundžićDentist, Dental practice “Furundzic ordinacija”, Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Dijana P. FurundžićDentist, Dental practice “Furundzic ordinacija”, Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Aleksandra Krstić-FurundžićFull professor, PhD, Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Cities represent the most populous places. They represent dynamic environments that are subject to constant changes, which in terms of physical manifestation take place in the vertical and horizontal directions. This is especially related to the desire to live in cities, which has dominated the population throughout the history of civilization. The development of cities is generally proportional to the fl ow of new residents looking for a place to live in a city. The process of urban growth in both vertical and hor-izontal directions is considered to be accompanied by a constant increase in urban population. This trend that cities will have in the future is indicated by worldwide predictions. Population growth in cit-ies can happen in two ways, the fi rst being natural growth and the second is migration of people. Mi-gration can be further classifi ed and therefore split into two groups: internal rural-to-urban migration and international urban migration. The immigrants bring with them different cultural characteristics (clothing, customs and behavior), habits and beliefs in the cities in which they will continue to live and strive to maintain them. Also, the characteristics of their architectural heritage tend to incorporate in these areas. Migrations can lead to anthropological modifi cations, introduce new cultural rules, and change the shape of the city with the introduction of new patterns of cultural and building heritage. However, migrants need to adapt to new conditions and rules of life and business, changing the way of daily activities and diet, which can lead to psychological and health problems. This paper aims to discuss, systematize and review some of these infl uences and processes and to view them in the context of responsible behavior in an urban environment.

KEYWORDS _ population growth, migration of people, responsible behaviour

[TECH]


48

CONVENTIONAL VS PREFABRICATED BUILDINGS: PURSUING THE GOAL OF SUSTAINABILITY

_ Katerina TsikaloudakiAristotle University of Thessaloniki, Civil Engineering Dep., Thessaloniki, Greece, [email protected]

_ Theodore Theodosiou Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Civil Engineering Dep., Thessaloniki, Greece, [email protected]

_ Stella TsokaAristotle University of Thessaloniki, Civil Engineering Dep., Thessaloniki, Greece, [email protected]

_ Panagiotis ChastasAristotle University of Thessaloniki, Civil Engineering Dep., Thessaloniki, Greece, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In Greece, and many other European countries, the majority of buildings are made of a reinforced concrete bearing structure, erected in situ, and brick masonry. On the other hand, prefabricated build-ings consist of factory-made components that are transported and assembled on-site to form the complete structure. Both building construction types have advantages and disadvantages, and both can be optimised in order to reach advanced performance levels. This paper attempts to highlight the main differences that are found between conventional and prefabricated buildings mainly in the fi eld of sustainability. More specifi cally, a model of a small single family house is used in order to study the energy and environmental performance, when the two construction types are employed: the conventional one, composing of reinforced concrete and brickwork, and the prefabricated one, using the building module that was developed within the research project SU.PR.I.M. For both construction types, the heating and cooling energy needs are calculated for different thermal insulation thickness-es and climate contexts, in order to show which construction is more energy effi cient. Furthermore, the environmental impact of both constructions is estimated, with the aim to highlight the overall per-formance of each building not only during its use, but throughout their lifetime. Through this analysis the potential of both construction types to form a sustainable building is explored, showing interest-ing results and new insights for the building industry and the prospective users.

KEYWORDS _ prefabricated buildings, energy and environmental performance, sustainability


49

ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A COMPUTATIONAL METHOD TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF URBAN CLIMATE ON THE BUILDINGS’ ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS

_ Stella TsokaAristotle University of Thessaloniki, Civil Engineering Dep., Thessaloniki, Greece, [email protected]

_ Katerina Tsikaloudaki Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Civil Engineering Dep., Thessaloniki, Greece, [email protected]

_ Konstantia TolikaAristotle University of Thessaloniki, Meteorology and Climatology Dep., Thessaloniki, Greece, diatol@geo .auth.gr

ABSTRACT

With the aim of increasing the accuracy of buildings’ energy performance simulations, this study pres-ents a novel computational procedure to create typical weather datasets that consider the infl uence of local surroundings and the respective microclimatic conditions to which the examined building is subjected. The proposed methodology, here applied for the energy performance analysis of 2 building units in Thessaloniki, Greece, is based on the use of the ENVI-met microclimate model and the Mete-onorm weather generator. Microclimate simulations, evaluating the outdoor thermal environment of the case study areas are initially performed with the ENVI-met model for 12 representative days (one for each month); the obtained microclimatic results are then extracted and introduced in Meteonorm weather generator to create the site-specifi c, annual climatic datasets. The created hourly weather fi les, henceforward entitled ‘Urban Specifi c Weather Datasets’ (USWDs), will be only representative of the microclimatic conditions of the analysed study area in which the examined building units are located. The climatic parameters of the generated USWD involving air temperature, wind speed and relative humidity are then compared with the respective parameters of a TWD for the city of Thessa-loniki and the observed differences and evaluated and discussed.

KEYWORDS _ typical weather datasets, buildings’ energy performance, coupling, microclimate

[TECH]


50

ALGORITHM-BASED BIM MODEL ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY AT URBAN LEVEL

_ Olivér RákBreuer Marcell Doctoral School of Architecture, Department of Engineering Studies, Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Pécs, Offi ce: B223, Boszorkány st. 2., 7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

_ Ágnes BorsosAssociate Professor, Interim Head of Department of Interior, Applied and Creative Design Institute of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Pécs, Offi ce: B327, Boszorkány st. 2., 7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

_ Péter IványiFull Professor, Interim Head of Department of Systems and Software Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Pécs, Offi ce: B140 Boszorkány st. 2., 7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we described the use of Building Information Modeling methods for urban analysis. This purpose has been usually established by Geographic Information Systems however the development of Computer-Aided Design software made it possible to analyse large areas or parts of cities with the help of BIM models. This study focuses on the assessment of prefabricated large-panel buildings in the garden city of Pécs, in Hungary. The goal was to determine a building selection method according to the integrity of the area. We took into consideration infrastructural facilities, spatial position of shops, bus stations, and educational institutions compared to the locations of selected buildings. This approach supported the determination of potential inherent in renovations. The research con-sisted of three main stages: BIM model production methods and procedures, use of algorithm-based workfl ows during data import and spatial analysis, and quantifi cation and evaluation of generated information. Due to the high complexity of Architectural, Engineering, and Construction projects and new digitalized methods, the use of algorithms and BIM models has been the fastest growing part of the industry in the past few years. This combination can support logical examinations and calcu-lations between 3D and 2D information. The generated fi nal results derived from locations made it possible to evaluate prospective renovations. The presented methodologies can be used in the case of other types of buildings and can support the decisions during the delivery of assets.

KEYWORDS _ building information modelling, algorithms, urban analysis, location value, renovation


51


52

DIGITAL DESIGN TECHNIQUES TO ASSIST IN THE COMPOSITION OF TRADITIONAL URBAN BUILDINGS

_ James Dougherty, AICP, CNU-A, ASAIPrincipal / Director of Design; Dover, Kohl & Partners town planning; 1571 Sunset Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33143. USA; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The design process of traditional urban fabric historically relied entirely on manual drawing tech-niques. Recent advances in digital design technology, including 3D modelling and light ray tracing, have unlocked several useful new techniques that can be harnessed to augment specifi c aspects of the design process of traditional urban building types. The paper examines 3 primary methods:

1. Seamless movement between orthographic and perspective views. Traditional designs strive for logical plan arrangements which, once built, are experienced in three-dimensions. Advances in digital modelling technology now allow designs to be quickly modelled and then easily viewed from a variety of angles, for improved evaluation of proposed forms during the iterative development of design ideas.

2. Accurate simulation of shadow shapes and light effects. Traditional urban architecture depends on careful composition of shadow shapes to expressively subdivide and articulate building masses. Digital 3D modelling and light ray tracing software allow building mouldings, projections and other sculptural forms to be quickly and effi ciently modelled and instantly tested accurately in a variety of simulated lighting conditions, improving visual feedback in the design process to facilitate more rapid and effective design iterations.

3. Visualization of design proposals at a variety of distances. Traditional urban buildings are specif-ically designed to be viewed from a number of different distances. Smaller order compositions are nested within larger order compositions. Larger order compositions are designed to be viewed from greater distances, smaller order compositions from closer distances. Advances in digital 3D model-ling and light ray tracing software allow views of designs to be accurately simulated at a variety of distances, thus helping to facilitate well-composed nested compositions.

The paper then examines a variety of potential disadvantages of current digital design platforms in the design of traditional urban buildings and concludes with suggestions for how they can be rectifi ed to improve future outcomes.

KEYWORDS _ digital design, traditional urban architecture


53

3D VISUALIZATION OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE AS A CATALYST FOR SOCIAL PARTICIPATION IN SAFEGUARDING POST-CONFLICT CITIES. CASE STUDY: THE OLD CITY OF DAMASCUS

_ Sonia IbrahimUniversity of Pécs, Breuer Marcell Doctoral School, Faculty of Engineering and IT, János Szentágothai research centre, [email protected]

_ Tamás Molnár University of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering andInformation Technology, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Heritage at war in Syria, as in all the world heritage cities, have been radically destroyed by confl ict. Besides, “There is no culture without people and no society without culture” (Irina Bokova, 2013). Heritage is a cumulative process of community cultural production over time and a key element of identity. It reinforces the connection between a community and the land and re-establishing that con-nection is often a part of peacebuilding. The paper investigates through qualitative surveys and sta-tistics the problematical disconnection between cultural heritage and community in Syria. In addition, it discusses the importance of the clarity of the memory and history of the place in safeguarding cultural heritage in the post-confl ict context. In Syria, most of the historical site/buildings lack the so-cial perspective in presenting the meaning and the importance of the place, the memory, and identity, which can create a sense of belonging in people’s minds. In this paper, “3D visualization” is discussed as a potential catalyst in conducting a successful participation of the local community through its youth in the safeguarding of their cultural heritage in the post-confl ict cities. The hypothesis states that interactions with people through technology can create more affective culture heritage that will be a source of identity and belonging and have a role in refl ecting and presenting the history of the places and can be seen as a catalyst for social participation in urban preservation of cultural heritage of post-confl ict areas. 3D visualization have a signifi cant role in distributing knowledge about Syrian heritage through the process of making it, the participation and the 3D product.

KEYWORDS _ 3D visualization, post- confl ict, architecturalheritage, social participation, historical monument

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SYSTEMIC APPROACHES IN REVITALIZATION OF SEMARANG OLD CITY HERITAGE SITE: FROM NEGLECTED AREA TO TOURISM DESTINATION

_ Bintang Noor PrabowoDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), [email protected]

_ Alenka Temeljotov SalajDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Many heritage areas, with different typologies, problems, and existing levels of decays, in several countries, were left abandoned and causing various economic, social, and urban complications. Some typologies of urban heritage areas often found in previous studies are ex-colonial settlement, industrial cultural-heritage, park, ancient cemetery, etc. The typical problems that repeatedly oc-curred, such as decays, depreciation of land value, and safety/security issues, show that although located in different places, urban heritage areas might face the same glitches. The existing condition of those places are ranging from relatively well preserved, regular, medium severe, severely damaged, and even totally damaged, thus needed to be taken care of using different conservation approaches; preservation, reconstruction, restoration, and (or) adaptation.

Despite the current conditions, such sites are nowadays considered as an essential part of humans’ and cities’ history. Some of those heritage sites face challenges in gaining sustainable conservation in cultural, environmental, social, economic, and territorial aspects. They usually have been left behind by their “enablers” that previously led the growth of these areas, not to mention the specifi c and latent characteristics of the urban heritage area that could be very different from today’s urban ecosystem.

One current case worth to be observed is Semarang Old City (Kota Lama Semarang), a previously abandoned ex-Dutch colonial towns located in Java Island, Indonesia, that shows interesting trends of ups and downs throughout this last century. This urban heritage area, being left abandoned for decades, fi nally emerges as a new tourism destination in Central Java province within the last couple of years. The booming visits of tourists and enthusiasts is a remarkable phenomenon to be studied since numbers of researches on the same cases in other countries show various impacts regarding the sustainability of such urban heritage areas. This article aims to identify the strategic approach in the revitalization of the Semarang Old City urban heritage area using six critical steps from the Histor-ic Urban Landscape Approach and principles of Urban Facility Management.

METHODOLOGY: This qualitative study uses literature research and observational technique to obtain information and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon; RESULTS: the matriculation table resulted in this article is a useful resource to understand the strategic approach in the manage-ment of urban heritage conservation, so that the stakeholders of any specifi c urban heritage in gener-al, and Kota Lama Semarang in specifi c, could benefi t from the knowledge, and therefore contribute more according to their individual and collective roles; TYPE OF PAPER: Viewpoint paper.

KEYWORDS _ urban heritage, conservation, revitalization, urban facility management, historic urban landscape


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FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF FORMER PULA NAVAL FORTRESS

_ Lea Petrović KrajnikPhD, Assistant Professor, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Kačićeva 26, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

_ Ivan MlinarPhD, Associate Professor, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Kačićeva 26, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

_ Damir KrajnikPhD, Full Professor, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Kačićeva 26, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Pula is an Istrian town with a number of important historical sites, historical buildings and historical architectural structures and systems which had been built since the prehistoric times. They testify about the culture of living, the architectural heritage and the strategic importance of the Istrian pen-insula. The former Austrian Navy had the main naval base in Pula, as the core of Pula’s fortifi cation system stretching from Rovinj to Labin. The Austrian naval fortress Pula is the system that embraces the most signifi cant and abandoned military buildings in the area of Pula built in the period from 1813 to 1918. The system of the former naval fortress Pula is part of the recent Pula architectural heritage that needs to be properly integrated into the strategy of the future development of the city and its re-gion. The future of the former naval fortress Pula can be ensured by integral considering and empha-sising its potential, as well as its quality and appropriate functional conversion, with the protection, restoration, preservation and presentation of all important urban and architectural features. By high-lighting the image, identity and quality of the Pula naval fortress its further decay can be prevented, as well as encouraged its renewal, ensured maintenance and provided eventual additional income.

KEYWORDS _ Pula, former naval fortress, built heritage, integration

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THE “ART FORTRESS” AS A RESPONSIBLE APPROACH MODEL FOR REGENERATION OF SKOPJE’S SPATIAL IDENTITY

_ Meri BatakojaAssociate Professor, Faculty of Architecture, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University - Skopje, [email protected]

_ Jovan IvanovskiAssociate Professor, Faculty of Architecture, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University - Skopje, [email protected]

_ Goran MickovskiAssistant Professor, Faculty of Architecture, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University - Skopje, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The City of Skopje, repeatedly fragmented throughout its history, is in constant need for redefi nition and reconstruction of its spatial identity in relation to its cultural heritage. With recent developments that have rendered the urban fabric’s historical and memory layers completely unrecognizable, the question of Skopje’s spatial identity has reemerged in terms of responsible methodologies and approaches.

One of the activities within the ROCK (Regeneration and Optimization of Cultural Heritage in Cre-ative and Knowledgeable Cities) Project was called “Art Fortress”. It treated the urban and archi-tectural development of the Kale Hill in Skopje, with an aim to transform it into an attractive and vi-brant city part with all of its cultural, educational and recreational functions. Two important cultural monuments dominate the Kale Hill: the medieval fortress - Kale and the Museum of Contemporary Art. The exceptional historical and contemporary signifi cance of these two imposing structures for the City of Skopje, their symbolic voltage juxtaposed to the natural morphology of the terrain and cultural diversity of the surrounding, have been largely diminished due to many years of neglect of the broader location of the Kale Hill.

This paper elaborates the activity “Art Fortress” in detail and summarizes the conclusions that have the potential to create a responsible approach model for regeneration of Skopje’s spatial identity, concerning inter-institutional collaboration, academic and professional inclusion, public awareness, international competition and exhibition. Most of all, this paper elaborates the qualitative lessons learnt of how we should treat a valuable city fragment in spatial terms, through the medium of public space and a series of both “soft” and “hard” architectural procedures as a long term strategy and management plan for treatment of this national cultural site, an approach that we can surely rely upon confronted with our city’s spatial identity in crisis.

KEYWORDS _ Cultural heritage, responsible approach, Skopje, spatial identity, ROCK Project


57

HERITAGE PERCEPTIONS: AN APPROACH FOR THE REVITALIZATION OF THE URBAN EXPERIENCES AND THE FRENCH CHECKBOARD IMAGE

_ Barbara HibaUniversity of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Breuer Marcell Doctoral School, Boszorkányu. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary, e-mail:[email protected]

_ Molnár TamásUniversity of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and InformationTechnology, Department of Visual Studies, Boszorkányu. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary, e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Our human reality is the evidence for the historical and cultural transfers from our ancestor’s legacies. Understanding authentic experiences in cities and architectural values carries the importance of its inheritance and meanings to our identities.

The urban scene conception and cultural landscapes in the city follow the identifi cation of the recep-tive interactions of the physical and the perceptual dimensions of a defi ned space. The sequencing of the historical memories forms the relatable images and the observable variations of the built envi-ronment. People’s perceptions and appreciation of their architectural and urban heritage become the indicator for generating a sense of place and symbolic character. The legacy of North African cities is related to the colonial past, where the design qualities produced during that period remain the focal interest of modern researches. By revisiting the urban scenery of the colonial times in Algeria, the French historical center’s study in the city of Biskra aims to approach the potentials of the French-built heritage according to the improvement of the urban ambiance in the site and the patrimonial expe-riences of its users. The objective is to adapt the signifi cant values and potential of the site, along with the requalifi cation of its cultural landmarks and urban perspectives. The research methodology consists of investigating the right strategies towards a comprehensive and sustainable elaboration of the French models in Algeria.

KEYWORDS _ sustainable heritage, urban ambiance, cultural values, sense of place, social perception

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PRESERVING THE MATERIAL AUTHENTICITY: A METHOD OF PRESERVING THE TRUTH

_ Jovana TošićPhD candidate at Faculty of Architecture University of Belgrade, works at ITS - Information Technology School, Savski nasip 7, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In heritage preservation projects, the main aim is to preserve the authenticity, and one of the most interesting and important elements of heritage is its materiality. The materiality of heritage, as such, combines its cultural, historical, artistic and architectural characteristics, and thus, materiality pres-ervation affects its many values, but most of all - on its authenticity. Preservation of material authen-ticity by following “truth to materials” concept is a complex process, and it depends on many factors, such as conservation-science studies, interdisciplinary approach, architects ideology, technical solu-tions, etc. This paper discusses methods, technical solutions, as well as architectural approaches for different heritage preservation projects, intending to analyse preservation of the material authenticity critically. Different methods of “revealing” the truth of heritage could lead to different interpretations of “truth to materials” concept in preservation projects. For example, these architectural-conservation approaches could be a traditional one, like bringing the original appearance with the reconstruction of missing parts using original materials from authentic material sources and application techniques, or different and experimental approaches of creating new materials which will be incorporated in the (fragments of a) historical building. The hypothesis of the paper considers that preserving the truth imply to preserve properties and qualities of a material that are not primary, but its poetic, sensuous qualities, that could be felt by all senses. These qualities embed only in specifi c architectural contexts generated in special conditions. This also leads to proposal for new valorisation of materials, and it could be concluded that this is necessary for the preservation project to be successful, and for au-thenticity to be preserved.

KEYWORDS _ materials, preservation, authenticity, method, truth, senses


59

LOST AND FOUND: A QUEST FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENCE IN RURAL AREAS

_ Nataša Ćuković IgnjatovićAssistant Professor, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture,Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, [email protected]

_ Dušan IgnjatovićAssociate Professor, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, [email protected]

_ Nikola MiletićPhD Student, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Global trends of rapid and constant urbanisation are constantly revealing new societal, spatial and technological challenges, which naturally directs research focus towards urban areas. Urbanisation and imminent migrations, however, have signifi cant repercussions on rural areas as well: exposure of tangible and intangible cultural heritage to decay, leading to extinction, can be identifi ed as one of such processes that indirectly affect entire population, not only the scarce locals.

In the quest for sustainable proposals tailored for small and fragile communities with notable archi-tectural and cultural heritage, the W.A.Ve Abroad Workshop explored sustainable models of revitaliza-tion of the village Bebića Luka in the vicinity of Valjevo in Western Serbia. During the workshop which was held in Belgrade, Bebića Luka and Venice in June and July 2018, architecture students from Belgrade, Venice and Ljubljana were analysing the multiple layers of Bebića Luka’s present and past, trying to envision future scenarios and defi ne adequate programmatic and design proposals. The workshop results included new models of activities, tailored to enable preservation of the tangible and intangible cultural heritage of the village through interactions between permanent and temporary residents, providing fi rst-hand mutual exchange of specifi c knowledges. This process should expose local residents to some useful state-of-the-art concepts while directly transferring unique heritage of the village of Bebića Luka and the surrounding area to the visitors that will eventually return to urban areas. The workshop results were presented at IUAV University in Venice, during the fi nal manifesta-tions of the W.A.Ve 2018 Workshop in which more than 1500 students participated, which for the fi rst time also included mentorship from teachers from fi ve foreign universities.

The paper presents an overview of the methodological approach, derived concepts and design pro-posals for variety of interventions: from retrofi tting the existing facilities to development of new complementary physical structures designed in accordance with principles of circular economy and sustainable development.

KEYWORDS _ cultural heritage, rural areas, sustainability, circular economy, resilience

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REVITALISING THE OLD INDUSTRIAL MOVE ALONG DANUBE WATERFRONT

_ Milena VukmirovicPhD, Assistant Professor, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Forestry, Department of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, 1 Kneza Viselava Street, 11000 Belgrade, [email protected]

_ Marko NikolicPhD, Assistant Professor, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, 73/II Blvd. Kralja Aleksandra, 11000 Belgrade, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is in presenting the new approach in revitalisation of the old industrial move along the Danube waterfront in Belgrade, based on the active participation of different stakeholders in design process. Special attention of the work is placed on the actual state of the industrial heri-tage buildings and sites at the former Danube Industrial Zone and the design process of the future Belgrade Linear Park. The main objective of this process is in preservation and use of the potential of this territory, in order to make a new gathering place and establish a direct connection of the city with its rivers.

KEYWORDS _ industrial heritage, old railway, Danube Waterfront, Belgrade Linear Park


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62

REGIONALISM AND LOW-TECH IN CONTEMPORARY VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE. A CASE STUDY IN CHONGQING CHINA

_ Yongting ShiFaculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Pécs, Hungary; Faculty of Fine Arts, Chongqing Normal University, China

_ Anna Mária TamásFaculty of Engineering and InformationTechnology, University of Pécs, Hungary

_ Gergely SztranyákFaculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Pécs, Hungary

ABSTRACT

As an important material form of rural cultural landscape, traditional villages inherit the historical memory, production and life wisdom, cultural and artistic and ethnic regional characteristics of the Chinese nation.However, in recent decades, the destruction of traditional villages has become in-creasingly severe, and it is urgent to strengthen the protection of traditional villages. Rural protection and development is also a worldwide issue.As declared by the international council on monuments and sites (ICOMOS) on international day 2019“as we celebrate International Day for Monuments and Sites 2019, with the theme of Rural landscapes, we highlight the value of conserving this heritage formed through long-term, harmonious interaction between humankind and the natural environment. Protecting these landscapes is key for sustainable development.”

In this context, this study takes the protection and sustainable development project of Gantian village, a traditional village in Chongqing China, as the research object. On the basis of analyzing and study-ing the local village spatial pattern and the layout mode, construction system and construction details of local rural architecture, it proposes that the protection should be based on respecting local regional style and architectural characteristics.The protection of the old building is based on the principle of maintaining the old appearance, making minor adjustments to the partial structure, while the interior is redesigned by means of functional remodeling.In order to meet the needs of the living, cultural or industrial development of the current village, the new building will adopt a “low-tech” strategy. On the basis of fully understanding the nature of regional architecture, the design team makes full use of the local natural conditions and adopts the combination of traditional and modern architectural techniques to design public buildings that can meet the needs of modern multi-functions. And use the building as an engine to help the sustainable development of the countryside.The integration of regionalism and low-tech in the design methods of contemporary vernacular architecture will be presented in the project design.

KEYWORDS _ regionalism, low-tech, traditional village, contemporary vernacular architecture


63

ENHANCING EAGLE PASS–PIEDRAS NEGRAS INTERNATIONAL BRIDGE DESIGN TO FUNCTION AS A TEMPORARY ACCOMMODATION FACILITY FOR ASYLUM SEEKERS

_ Chang Lu University of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Pécs, Boszorkány út 2, 7624, [email protected]

_ Ons Ben Dhaou University of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Pécs, Boszorkány út 2, 7624, [email protected]

_ Shaha Mazen Maiteh University of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Pécs, Boszorkány út 2, 7624, [email protected]

_ Tianyu ZhaoUniversity of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Pécs, Boszorkány út 2, 7624, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In May of 2019, a humanitarian crisis is intensifying along the borders of US-Mexico, almost 20000 people are waiting on Mexican borders to seek asylum in the United States, Mexico whish once a country of transit is now buckling under the demands of its new reality. US administration fails to absorb asylum seekers, organizations in Mexico have struggled to keep up with the infl ux of migrants. Along with that, the inhumane living conditions in migrant camps, systematic discrimination, and increased crime rate have made people restless for a response from the Centre of Border and Pro-tection (CBP). This has led them to occupy streets, spaces near border walkways and bridges. Due to an increased number and drastic change of the social fabric, immigrants are a burden on city tour-ism and the city’s safety. They are intruders and they are constantly facing racism, xenophobia and discrimination. Asylum seekers are slowly being rejected by both countries; between climate change and the chaos of global politics, the humanitarian crisis over the next decades will remain paramount, thoughtful design cannot prevent that inevitability, but it can alleviate some of the sufferings that asylum seekers will endure.

This research aims to solve the problem through enhancing the design of existing border bridges such as Eagle Pass–Piedras Negras International Bridge; which are essentially shared spaces, be-longing either country. While migrant facilities limiting total intake, asylum seekers refuse to leave bridges, the essential design idea is to expand border bridges to become a temporary habitat for asy-lum seekers. This paper illustrates the design process of an immigrant respite centre, which functions as a temporary accommodation facility for 1500 asylum seekers designed on Eagle Pass–Piedras Negras International Bridge.

KEYWORDS _ co-living, asylum community, temporary accommodation, shelters

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BIM BASED PROJECT AND DIGITAL BUILDING MODEL MANAGEMENT: APPLICATIONS AND EMERGING STANDARDS

_ Igor SvetelInnovation Center, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Kraljice Marije 16, 11000 Belgrade, [email protected]

_ Nenad Ivanišević Faculty of Civil Engineering, University Of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73, [email protected]

_ Dušan IsailovićFaculty of Civil Engineering, University Of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Architectural design and building construction are increasingly digitalized. A large number of appli-cations exist that enable creation of digital building models either in the form of advanced geometry modelling applications, algorithmic modelling applications or BIM applications. Each application cre-ates intrinsic digital model using its proprietary data format. The problem of connecting such diverse models to a coherent project environment is addressed by open interoperability fi le format – IFC. But only data format does not provide seamless interoperability, it is necessary to create proper IFC model for each particular occasion of model exchange.

Existence of many diverse fi les and formats that all represent different aspects of digital building model posed to the AEC stakeholders the problem of managing a BIM project. The paper gives a his-torical overview of development of BIM applications dedicated to digital building model assessment from model viewers, through model explorers, to modern BIM project management applications and their connection to a set of ISO 19650 standards. The new standards and related applications does not provide complete solution to the management of digital building models but represent important evolutionary step in BIM progress.

KEYWORDS _ digital building model, BIM, model lifecycle management, BCF, ISO 19650


65

A PROJECT OF LABORATORY CIRCO IN ROME: RETHINKING A PUBLIC INSTITUTES OF ASSISTANCE AND CHARITY (IPAB) IN ROME

_ Francesco Careri Department of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, [email protected]

_ Fabrizio FinucciDepartment of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, fabrizio.fi [email protected]

_ Chiara LuchettiDepartment of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, [email protected]

_ Alberto MarzoDep. of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering, Sapienza, [email protected]

_ Sara Monaco Department of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, [email protected]

_ Serena Olcuire Dep. of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering, Sapienza, [email protected]

_ Enrico Perini Department of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, [email protected]

_ Maria RoccoDepartment of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The progressive aging of the population is a phenomenon showed by numerous researches. Several agencies and structures (public or private) are updating their legal and organizational status, in order to respond to new management methods for the provision of care and assistance services. An ex-ample in Italy is represented by the passage of Public Institutes of Assistance and Charity (IPAB) into Companies for Human Services (ASP). This transformation was addressed by the Laboratory CIRCO (an acronym for “indispensable house for civic recreation and hospitality”), active in the Architectural and Urban Design Laboratory of the master’s degree program in Urban Design of the University of Roma Tre. CIRCO has investigated (thanks to a didactic planning experience) the case of an im-portant roman IPAB, (the Istituto Romano San Michele - IRSM) which is facing a change without a complex posture, unable to combines the spaces of care with the need for temporary housing and other functions coming from the city in transformation and its new users. In particular, the prospects of the IRSM highlight a future scenario of a mono-functional, mono-demographic part of the city, incapable of weaving relationships of complementarity between problems and strategies. Further-

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more, the existing functional and spatial quality tends to introversion, failing to open towards the neighbourhood, triggering the underutilization of some buildings, the mortifi cation of public space and a certain relational defi ciency (in some cases confl ictual) among the subjects who inhabit it. The contribution deals with the fi rst results of the CIRCO Laboratory in its attempt (through the process and the project) to transform the IPAB into an open, inclusive, hospitable and relationship-rich city.

KEYWORDS _ ageing society, hospitality, reuse, inclusive approaches


67

FROM RECEPTION TO HOSPITALITY: CULTURAL, METHODOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE LABORATORY CIRCO IN ROME

_ Francesco Careri Department of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, [email protected]

_ Fabrizio FinucciDepartment of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, fabrizio.fi [email protected]

_ Chiara LuchettiDepartment of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, [email protected]

_ Alberto MarzoDep. of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering, Sapienza, [email protected]

_ Sara Monaco Department of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, [email protected]

_ Serena Olcuire Dep. of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering, Sapienza, [email protected]

_ Enrico Perini Department of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, [email protected]

_ Maria RoccoDepartment of Architecture, University of Roma Tre, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The so-called ‘refugee crisis’ has spread a sense of emergency in the management of migrants’ arriv-als in Europe making extraordinary reception facilities a structural feature of the Italian system and fostering interventions by non-governmental organizations to support vulnerable people. At the local level, the emergency generates urban policies that blend security and decorum, depicting minorities and urban poor as undesirable subjects to be pushed at the margins of the socio-spatial order. The welfare shrinkage, born out of austerity policies, pushed local authorities to curb migrants’ access to territorial rights such as social services. This lack of formal welfare leads migrants to rely on informal social networks, showing their capacity to construct their own paths of socio-spatial inser-tion in a new environment. The diversity of urban solidarity experiences – local associations, urban movements and individual citizens – creates an autonomous infrastructure of resistance to security policies and put in question the dominant nationalism. Drawing on these experiences in Rome, CIR-CO proposes to rethink migrants’ reception through the mutual concept of hospitality, with the aim of generating new forms of reciprocity and cohabitation. CIRCO (acronym for house indispensable

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for civic recreation and hospitality) is active in the Architectural and Urban Design Laboratory of the master’s degree program in Urban Design of the Roma Tre University. Starting from the reuse of abandoned buildings and opening them to mobile populations and all the urban inhabitants, CIRCO reinterprets the temporariness and coexistence of diversity to trigger a process of collaborative con-struction of spaces for democracy, exchange, work and sociability, able to produce fractures in the territory of urban speculation, and build emancipatory paths to the right to dwelling. The paper pres-ents a summary of the three years of activity of CIRCO: from the methodological and cultural system, to the production of urban “waste” maps, up to the synthetic proposal of some design scenarios.

KEYWORDS _ migrants, hospitality, building reuse, collaborative constructions


69

DWELLING WITH THE WATER

_ Michele MontemurroDicatech Department, Polytechnic University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70121 Bari (Italy), [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The absence of an organic port strategy on the coasts of the Puglia Region has led to the develop-ment of many yachting expansion projects of ports and tourist landings, not included in a system vision in which every port and every city-port can assume a precise and identity feature within a sustainable transformation process of coastal and marine tourism. The choice of the city of Mola located in south of Bari was to abandon the previous expansion plans of the port, which provided for a huge increase in the available berths, in favour of a new vision of the water area of the port basin in the conditions of terramare, to be understood as a new urban space. A space that sees the mirroring of the ancient city in the sea as the founding condition of an ancient fi shing and housing tradition. The research work developed in the Dicatech Department of the Polytechnic University of Bari has assumed the availability of timber generated by the VAIA storm (2018) in the Italian Alpine areas as an opportunity to rethink the wooden housing systems in the water, in continuity with the tradition and history of the places. The theme of the stilt house, of the “Trabucco” (cantilevered wooden structure on the rocks dedicated to fi shing with “ great balance”) as well as that of the houseboat were faced by identifying the construction and typological grammars to redefi ne the protected water place of the new port of Mola as an urban place and place of representation of the relation between the city, its seafaring and the sea.

KEYWORDS _ waterfront, port, stilt house, fl oating house, coastal cities

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ARCHITECTURAL ANALYSIS OF THERAPEUTIC CANTERS FOR DRUG ADDICTS

_ Sadoud NesmaPhD Student, Architecture, University of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Breuer Marcel Doctoral School, [email protected]

_ Erzsébet Szeréna Zoltán University of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Institute of Architecture, 7624 Pécs, Boszorkány u.2. [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The design of healthcare buildings is questioned in several types of research, and it’s still studying from different sides, this research aims to target the rehab canters and their relations with patients. moreover, it’s interested in fi nding the interaction that occurs between the spatial quality of rehab centers and the well-being of addicted patients based on the visual perception concept. It requires therefore, an understanding of which factors can contribute to the physical qualities of the spaces, and it studies the architectural characters of establishments.

To achieve this research, an inductive approach is adopted rest on identifying and testing the vari-ables and factors associated with the assessment of physical space and its impact on the user’s perception of construction, which are subdivided into three proposed factors; (the functional, spatial, and historical factors).

KEYWORDS _ design, healthcare, well-being, spatial quality, visual perception


71

HUMAN COMFORT IN ARTIFICIAL PLACE

_ Ramos Gonzalez, NicolasUniversity of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Marcell Breuer Doctoral School, 2 Boszorkány Street, 7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

_ Medvegy GabriellaUniversity of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2 Boszorkány Street, 7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

_ Borsos ÁgnesUniversity of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2 Boszorkány Street, 7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

_ Zoltán Erzsébet SzerénaUniversity of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2 Boszorkány Street, 7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

_ Gazdag GáborUniversity of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2 Boszorkány Street, 7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

_ Noori PooyaUniversity of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2 Boszorkány Street, 7624 Pécs, Hungary, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Since prehistoric times humans have adapted and modifi ed their environment according to their ne-cessities. Nowadays, technology has advanced to the point that we feel we are living in an artifi cial environment, and we have the sensation of being far away from a natural setting and feel uncom-fortable. Especially, in our workplaces. Consequently, in which way can we develop a comfortable working space as humans and keep its effi ciency? In addition, what are the elements that assure the well-being of the workers in an artifi cial interior space?

This paper is based on an investigation of a research group and will analyse a current example of an offi ce building in Budapest, presenting the information recorded of thermal comfort, acoustics, light-ing and air quality. It also includes the processed data from a survey conducted among three hundred employees of the company. The building was designed with an open offi ce concept, which consists of two major areas: workstations and conference rooms. There are also some spaces originally dedicat-ed to leisure activities, which are underused. As a result of this research, which has the aim to improve the well-being and comfort of the personnel, it will be considered for the redesign of these spaces to improve the mood and conditions of the employees. As it is proven that these alternative spaces can maximize collaboration and creativity.

KEYWORDS _ workplace, well-being, productivity

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VAPOURABLE SUBLIME: AQUATECTURE EXPERIMENT AND PROJECT REVIEW

_ Miloš StojkovićM.Arch., Teaching Assistant, PhD student, University of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture, Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

There is hardly anything that entices pure awe and a feeling of the sublime as ruins of a historic man-or. Notions evoked by such ruins confi ne strong sensations of longing for a non-discernible object of loss. Taking that into consideration, this paper takes everything a step further – it dematerialises the formal language of manorial architecture and challenges the intuitive melancholic sensations of the visitor. It eliminates the habitually known architectural elements of a manor and calls for a rewriting of space and atmosphere. In the described research, water is the key element, as all of its states are familiar to humans and thus serve as an effective stimulation of the senses. The most sublime state of water is vapour. It is manifested here as a visible exhalation of the ruin, a mist that disintegrates architecture, dematerialises space and annihilates gravity. Vapour makes the architecture insubstan-tial and human emotions transitory. It provides strange, senseless and fantastic notions which rewrite architectural design, offering new methods for applying water in landscape architecture, heritage and tourism. The aim of this paper is to present the aquatic phenomenon in architecture: the structure of space by water as a primordial element. The case study for this research was a competition project for Château de la Mothe Chandeniers in France. Designed according to doctoral research on relations between water and architecture, and offering a responsible design approach and a unique methodol-ogy, the project deliberates upon those two commonly known notions, while adding the third – Aqua-tectural common ruin as innovative method of revitalization of built heritage.

KEYWORDS _ aquatecture, water, vapour, sublime, experiment, heritage


73

COLLECTIVE HOUSING AS NEW IDENTITY IN RURAL AREAS

_ Miloš ArandjelovićPhD, Associate scientist,Faculty of Architecture University of Belgrade, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73/2, [email protected]

_ Aleksandar VidenovićPhD, Associate Professor, Faculty of Architecture University of Belgrade, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73/2, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Changes in the social and cultural pattern have led to some changes in the forms of rural housing. Es-pecially in the post-war period, more precisely 70’s and 80’s of the twentieth century, which represents the research timeframe. One of the main reasons for this is certainly the process of postwar intensive industrialization, while the other lies in the need to improve the basic amenities and services of the settlement. The paper describes the collective housing in rural areas built in Serbia as a former repub-lic of socialist Yugoslavia. Collective housing in the countryside appears to be a real need for working class accommodation employed in industrial plants as well as housing for government offi cials and workers of public institutions (post offi ce, police, schools, etc.). The architecture of these buildings, on the other hand, did not possess the features of regional and traditional architectural values. It belonged to a different practice embodied in the values of socialist ideology. It should also be added that the construction of such buildings was not characteristic for all forms of rural settlements. These were predominantly rural settlements of higher category which had well established centers and oth-er elements of urban structure as well as solid demographic potential. In this sense, the research seeks to point out some relevant specifi cs of such construction on the one hand, and on the other to point out some of the possibilities for future spatial and functional organization of rural settlements.

KEYWORDS _ collective housing, rural identity, socrealism in architecture, industrialisation and village

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74

ARCHITECTURE-INSTRUMENT: THE ARCHITECTURE-MACHINE ORIGINS AND FRAMEWORKS OF MACHINIC LINE OF THINKING IN ARCHITECTURE

_ Dragana ĆirićPhD, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The paper will aim to introduce the format of the architecture-instrument as a specifi c spatial model for the converged architectural artistic and scientifi c design research and practice. This will be per-formed in relation to its machinic origins or counterparts - since this form constitutes itself through different concepts of the machine variously present, applied and interpreted throughout the history within and adjacent to the architectural discipline or fi eld of interest depending on the historical pe-riod, different machinic modalities and their attributes will be the central concern of the study. Archi-tecture-machines will be analysed in line with several criteria alongside the additional aim of tracing its genealogy and categories. Therefore, the long present machine paradigm in architecture will be challenged toward its contemporary reassessment within which possible lines of development and major features of the architecture-instrument could be inferred against the chosen references and theoretical notions.

The experimental prototype exo that claimed the status of the architecture-instrument in its most advanced form - integrating sentience, algorithmic control and automation, kinetic properties, adapt-ability, intelligent responsiveness and interaction concerning the tracked objects, systems and envi-ronmental parameters – while also attempting to redefi ne and question its epistemological, method-ological and technical implications, will be used as a case study that has tested some of the proposed claims, providing thereby necessary empirical evidence for the arguments. The analysed examples and sources will establish a clear outline and framework of the machinic line of thinking in archi-tecture, enabling one thus to discern and better understand the architecture-machine/instrument’s semantic scopes, applied forms, constitutive properties and importance along with the disciplinary and scientifi c-artistic integration they imply in the current moment as a continuation of its much longer traditions.

KEYWORDS _ architecture-instrument, architecture-machine, machine genealogy in architecture, design research science and methodology, disciplinary convergence


75

CHALLENGES OF DESIGNING REMOTE COMMUNITIES IN EQUATORIAL AFRICA: OKOLASSI EXAMPLE

_ Dejan VasovićAssistant Professor, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Ruža Okrajnov BajićAssistant Professor, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Darko PavićevićTeaching Assistant, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Goran GogovCabinet 2G, Immeuble Diamant II, BP 1140, Libreville, Gabon, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Developing countries in Africa are facing numerous challenges in the process of constructing new settlements in the remote areas. Most of the construction activities are performed in the big cities, encouraging major migrations from all sides of country to the dense urban areas. Developing new settlements on the outskirt of the city is the only way to prevent its collapse. However, these areas have no infrastructure needed for the purpose.

The paper will present the case study of the construction challenges during the design and construc-tion of the new settlement in Okolassi, local community 30 km distant of the capital Libreville. Differ-ent challenges like poor road infrastructure, lack of electricity, water and sewage, or non-existence of the skilful workforce, could transform even the simplest construction task in the insurmountable problem. Careful planning and designing are essential for the successful procurement and construc-tion in the rainforest environment. KEYWORDS _ remote communities, developing countries, construction of settlements

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77

ARE SHRINKING CITIES A COMPLETELY NEW PHENOMENON IN POST-SOCIALIST SPACE? URBAN SHRINKAGE IN EASTERN EUROPE BEFORE AND DURING SOCIALISM

_ Branislav AntonićPhD, Teaching assistant, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/2, Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Aleksandra DjukićPhD, Associate professor, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/2, Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Shrinking cities present the prevalent type of present-day urbanisation in post-socialist countries in the eastern half of Europe. The outspread and the socialism-related features of their shrinkage have made them a compelling topic for scholars internationally. Thus, they are well-documented today. However, this straight focus of researchers on post-socialist shrinking cities has somehow formed the opinion that this phenomenon is completely new for this region. If such research is oriented to the past of urbanisation in this part of Europe, it usually examines the causes of post-socialist urban shrinkage originated in the specifi cities of socialism. Nevertheless, urban shrinkage existed in the eastern half of Europe before the fall of socialism. Concrete data covers the examples of shrinking cities in inter-war (pre-socialist) and post-war (socialist) periods. Although these cities were not very frequent, they represent the predecessors of many shrinking cities in this part of Europe today. They can even be categorised by the various factors that were crucial for their shrinkage: change of bor-ders, fall of industrial production, internal/national spatial planning policies or the loss of dependent area. The aim of this research is to systematise this knowledge relating pre-socialist and socialist urban shrinkage in Eastern Europe. Hence, this paper is organised as a scientifi c review, with a special intention to present the different categories of affected cities. In that way, this paper contributes to the further understanding of the circumstances that have provoked urban shrinkage to be so wide-spread in this part of Europe.

KEYWORDS _ shrinking cities, Eastern Europe, socialism, pre-socialism, urban development, border cities, deindustrialised cities

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78

THE POSITION OF TOWNS IN DIGITAL CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY ENVIRONMENT

_ Velimir StojanovićPhD, Assistant Professor, University of Pristina in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Kneza Mililosa No. 7, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, ISO 3166-2: RS, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The position of towns in the traditional hierarchy was clear and defi ned. Their place and importance were defi ned by their structure, contents, and functions. Compared to cities, they had harmonized relationships that were more or less balanced and mutually benefi cial. In towns, people lived in the conditions they provided, and migratory fl ows were a necessary consequence of the gravitational impacts of cities. Nowadays, city digitization has become a reality. The notion of the so-called digital or “smart city” encompasses, fi rst and foremost, large and medium-sized cities, fi lling their urban parameters with the values given by computer science, from the planning process to the smallest streams and services in the processes of urban life. This “city in a city” or invisible city that constantly fl ows and manages the fl ows of everyday city needs has expanded into a global net they can no longer escape from. Cities need this as such globalization has given a whole new dimension to their existence and functioning. What about the position of towns? Are they necessarily sucked in and in-volved in this process of connection, or are they isolated and left to themselves? It would be logical to expect them to be part of one such global integration. But is it really so? By its very nature, a town has low resources and potentials, and it could be incorporated into a broader integrative process primarily from that point of view. Increasing these resources would necessarily mean that it would grow into a city, which could not be expected in most cases.

The fi rst issue would lie in the very desire (ability) of a town to become a city. Abandoning such a desire would confi rm the path to (self) isolation. The very position of a town could thus be found in proper assessing of its contents and fi tting into the network of integrated cities and areas that is constantly growing and developing. Who could do this and in what way? A modern digital city has a large and well-developed power to manage its urban fl ow from the biggest issues to the smallest detail. That power, capacity, impact, and reach could be channeled to towns to provide them with the services they need.

KEYWORDS _ town, digital city, capacities, processes, integration


79

TRIP GENERATION AND TOUR DISTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT TRIPS IN THE CITY OF SLAVONSKI BROD

_ Ljupko ŠimunovićFull professor, Faculty of Transport and Traffi cSciences, Vukelićeva 4, [email protected]

_ Julijan JurakResearch associate, Faculty of Transport and Traffi c Sciences, Vukelićeva 4, [email protected]

_ Božo RadulovićResearch associate, Faculty of Transport and Traffi c Sciences, Vukelićeva 4, [email protected]

_ Matija SikirićResearch associate, Faculty of Transport and Traffi c Sciences, Vukelićeva 4, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Trip generation and trip distribution are the fi rst steps in conventional four-step travel demand mod-elling. Four-step travel demand model is the most used methodology for creating validated data re-garding travel demand and traffi c fl ows in a defi ned area, territory or city. Trip generation calculates number of trips that are produced or attracted from specifi c area or a territory, while trip distribution determines how many trips are conducted from one area to another (or zone). Slavonski Brod is one of the largest cities (7th) in the Republic of Croatia and it is the centre of Brodsko-posavska County. Public transport in the City of Slavonski Brod is organized by a private operator with eight defi ned bus lines and with more than 70 departure from 5AM to 11PM during a characteristic workday. Used data for determining trip generation and trip distribution was collected during a questionnaire survey conducted during the project development of the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan of the City Slavon-ski Brod. Goal of paper is to detect how household characteristics infl uences trip rate values and origin-destination matrices between various areas of the City for trips in the public transport. The paper will consist of an introduction, literature overview, methodology of data collection, results of trip production, trip attraction and origin-destination matrix, discussion about calculated vales and conclusion.

KEYWORDS _ urban mobility, transport and traffi c solutions

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80

POTENTIAL OF MAKER MOVEMENT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF REMOTE CROATIAN ISLANDS

_ Rene LisacPhD, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Kačićeva 26, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

_ Morana PapPhD, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Kačićeva 26, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

_ Roberto VdovićMSc, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Kačićeva 26, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In the last 15 years the maker movement, among other things, is changing our society, the way we learn, teach, work, produce and live. For the last 10 years we have not only been researching the topic of this social movement, but we are also part of it. Based on our experience as being part of the maker community and based on our previous research on sustainable development, this paper examines the potential of makers and maker movement. In fact, above all, the paper examines the potential of new agents (such as makers laboratories, art residencies and coworking hubs), and their prospective impact on our society, especially on the sustainable development of non-urban areas such as remote (Adriatic) islands. The question in front of us is: can these new agents have a changing role for these isolated areas? We offer the answer by introducing the story about Adriatic Greenlab Initiative and Biševo Makers Workshops which was held as part of the mentioned initiative. Biševo Makers Work-shop presents a real test in the physical environment – remote Adriatic island Bilevel in Croatia, with the main actors – makers, in collaboration with the members of the local community.

KEYWORDS _ new innovation agents, art and technology makers, remote islands, local engagement, sustainable development


81

THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC FACTOR ON TRANSFORMING THE URBAN FORM OF ERBIL IN KURDISTAN REGION-IRAQ

_ Rebaz KhoshnawDepartment of Urban Planning and Design, Csonka Pál Doctoral School, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Műegyetemrkp. 3. Building K II/93, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The aim of the paper is to provide an insight of how the economic factor has infl uenced the urban structure and the urban form of Erbil city in northern Iraq. The escalation of urbanization in the past few decades resulted in dramatic increase of population. Moreover, after the Iraq War in 2003, the oil revenue helped the economic growth in the country especially in Erbil which was in a high secu-rity situation that attracted investors and individuals. The growth of economy in the city associated with growth of population, and it infl uenced the transformation of land use, transportation and real estates. The economic force was behind the increase in demand for land, densities, building heights as well as the change in land uses. Thus, all these factors collectively shaped structure of the city in a way that refl ect the change of the economic growth of the city. New highway roads, new residential neighbourhoods have been constructed and high-rise buildings can be seen almost every were in the city. Yet, a prosperous city is not the one with higher economic growth, but the one, alongside with economic growth, provides the inhabitants with a better place to live in. Without a clear planning vision and well-prepared regulations, the economic factor (cost-benefi t) will take the control of trans-forming the urban area of the city without consideration to the sustainability aspects. Here comes the institutional role, regulations and municipalities, to guide the investments and future developments to the right direction that serve the prosperity of the city.

KEYWORDS _ erbil, urbanization, land use, land economics, sustainability

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82

SEGREGATED NEIGHBOURHOODS AND THEIR INTEGRATION ATTEMPTS: PARTICIPATORY SLUM-UPGRADING IN THE MAKING

_ Tímea CsabaPhD student, University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Geography, Department of Human Geography and Urban Studies, Doctoral School of Earth Sciences, H-7624 Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6., [email protected]

ABSTRACT

As the proliferation of informal settlements has gained pace around the world, often coupled with spatial and social segregation, the global community has made efforts to provide a set of norms to tackle the issue. From the UN Sustainable Development Goals, a clear message takes shape for ur-ban experts and decision makers: the focus is from now on social inclusion and community building; a priority before infrastructural intervention. The offered tool, named Participatory Slum-upgrading Program (PSUP) draws up a guide suitable not only for the Global-South but for urban rehabilitation projects of segregated areas in the developed world, too. The challenge is not only to implement glob-al recommendations to local context but to measure the projects’ effectiveness in order that we can learn from each other: to be able to decide at a glance whether a project supports social integration and strengthens communities. To answer this need, a tentative index is tested on two case-studies. One that had begun as an urban experiment but at the end turned out to be a model of social urban rehabilitation in Pécs (HU), and the second one in Siklós (HU) implementing the former model, is a live project, still running. The background and process of the two cases are analyzed according to the index to demonstrate their comformation to the PSUP principles. On the side, the importance of process-design will also be examined.

KEYWORDS _ participatory slum-upgrading, urban rehabilitation, informal settlements, socio-spatial exclusion, Roma integration


83

PHYSICAL PLANNING INFORMATION SYSTEM OF CROATIA: OVERVIEW OF THE CONTENTS AND CURRENT STATUS OF DEVELOPMENT

_ Sunčana HabrunHead of Sector, Ministry of Construction and Physical Planning, Institute for Spatial Development, Croatia, HR-10000 Zagreb, Ul. Republike Austrije 20, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The Physical Planning Information System was introduced in 2013 as the Croatian central physical planning point. It consists of a publicly accessible geoportal and a variety of modules, which are separate custom-made web applications for entering, uploading and editing alphanumeric and/or georeferenced graphic data by authorized users. Each module, such as eDozvola (ePermit), ePlanovi (ePlans), eNekretnine (eProperties) and a few others, supplemented by submodules in some cases, deals with specifi c tasks and processes in accordance with the regulations in the fi eld of construction, physical planning, property appraisal, etc. In this paper we will present the concept of the information system as a whole, briefl y review the functionalities of the recently redesigned geoportal, as well as some of the key modules, with an emphasis on the eKatalog (eCatalogue) module, which serves as a platform for discovery of spatial plans in force and other kinds of documents relevant for physical planning (i.e. territorial monitoring reports, scientifi c and expert papers, sectorial documents, etc.) by means of INSPIRE-compliant and custom metadata, and for publishing spatial plans and documents on the geoportal so as to make them available to the general public. Plans for the future development of the information system will also be outlined.

KEYWORDS _ physical planning information system, PPIS, ISPU, geoportal, spatial plans

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84

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHANGES IN TECHNOLOGICAL CULTURES AND SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES

_ Dmitrii KlimovDirector, State Autonomous Institution of the Moscow region «Research and Design Institute of urban planning», 47 Gilyarovskogo street, Moscow, 129110, Russian Federation, [email protected]; Ph.D. (economical), Associate Professor, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation

_ Sofi ia FeofanovaMaster student of the Department of Urban Development, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The article is devoted to the relationship between changes in technological cultures and the spa-tial development of cities. To study the relationship between changes in technological cultures and spatial development of cities, the authors use the following methods: theoretical, including analysis and modelling; general scientifi c method, including literature analysis, generalization, comparison, systematization of empirical and theoretical data; practical method based on the experience of urban planning. The purpose of this study is to identify, formulate, and parameterize patterns of interaction between changes in technological cultures and spatial development of cities. The authors reveal the basics of the interaction between participants in urban development activities in the same territory. Special attention is paid to the issue of forecasting and creating a high-quality spatial organization of the urban environment. The signifi cance of this study for the professional community is to determine, organize, and describe the patterns of interaction between changes in technological cultures and spatial development of cities. The practical signifi cance of this work is forecasting the spatial development of cities in con-nection with changes in technological cultures, the increase of the quality of life of the population by urban planning means.

KEYWORDS _ technological culture, spatial development, urban planning, quality of life of the population


85

IMPROVEMENT OF LIFE QUALITY USING NATURE BASED SOLUTIONS - CASE STUDY SETTLEMENTS IN SOUTH-EASTERN SERBIA

_ Milica IgićPhD student, Assistant, University of Niš, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Aleksandra Medvedeva street 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Petar MitkovićPhD, Full Professor, University of Niš, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Aleksandra Medvedeva street 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Milena Dinić BrankovićPhD, Assistant Professor, University of Niš, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Aleksandra Medvedeva street 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Jelena ĐekićPhD student, Assistant, University of Niš, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Aleksandra Medvedeva street 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Ivana Bogdanović ProtićPhD, Assistant Professor, University of Niš, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Aleksandra Medvedeva street 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Milica LjubenovićPhD student, Assistant, University of Niš, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Aleksandra Medvedeva street 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, [email protected]

_ Mihailo MitkovićPhD student, Assistant, University of Niš, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Aleksandra Medvedeva street 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Due to ongoing urbanization process and uncontrolled migration from rural to urban areas, city ter-ritory is spreading constantly without proper infrastructure development. This is one of the global problems and one of the main characteristics of post-socialist cities in the region. During Socialism, and later transition period, earlier rural settlements became part of city urban territory, but still re-mained rural in character - both spatially and functionally. On the other hand, because of expressed depopulation and degradation processes in villages and small rural settlements, quality of living con-ditions is signifi cantly decreased and they became less attractive for living. Another threat to modern society and quality of life, is certainly climate change (CC) which affects both urban and rural areas. This paper discusses possibilities of life quality improvement by using nature based solutions (NBS). Different type of rural settlements in south-eastern Serbia will be analysed in order to determine pos-sibilities for improvement of life quality and wellbeing of the residents. The aim of this paper is to investigate current state and problems these settlements are facing, and to discuss possibilities for use of NBS in order to create better places for residents. In order to improve quality of life, increase resilience of rural settlements and implement adequate and effi cient NBS, it is important to have mul-tidisciplinary and comprehensive approach. Because life quality improvement is a long term process, analyses must take into account spatial, functional and social dimensions of one settlement and

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consider all the opportunities and all possible setbacks. Analyses and implementation plans must be conducted for each settlement locally - must be customized for every settlement depending on the specifi c spatial, development and natural context. Because all the settlements are facing increasing negative impacts of CC, use of NBS can be effi cient “tool” for CC mitigation and adaptation. KEYWORDS _ quality of life, nature based solutions, rural settlements, climate change


87

DESIGN OF CULTURAL TRAILS - AS A RESULT OF BELGRADE’S GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE CONCEPT

_ Suzana GavrilovićPhD student and Research assistant, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, [email protected]

_ Nevena VasiljevićAssociate professor, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, [email protected]

_ Boris RadićAssociate professor, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, [email protected]

_ Dejan SkočajićAssistant professor, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, [email protected]

_ Nevenka GalečićAssistant professor, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In the system of spatial planning of the Republic of Serbia there are gaps in understanding of modern trends of greenway planning and other linear corridors. One of the problems is the lack of perception of multifunctionality of greenways and of the possibilities of their integration in development projects of tourism, agriculture, nature protection, biodiversity management, water resources, recreation, and cultural/historic resource protection. The Strategy of reforestation of Belgrade represents a signifi -cant step, defi ning the bases for establishment of a network of protected natural areas connecting them with ecological and green corridors, namely, defi ning the concept of green infrastructure of Belgrade. Since the goal of the Strategy was to prepare the plan of reforestation, it focused on eco-logical functions of corridors; however, spreading of cultural infl uences often coincides with bound-aries of regional natural characteristics, woven into the character of landscape being the exponent of cultural identity. Namely, in the process of landscape characterization and creation of the basis for reforestation plan of a City municipality Mladenovac in Belgrade, it was noticed that the courses of green corridors coincided with cultural infl uences and material elements of the landscape character referring to the history of Serbia during the rule of the Despot Stefan Lazarević. This fact gave reason to consider the possibilities of integration of newly planned corridors into a broader spatial context. By application of landscape character assessment method and landscape metrics in software ArcGIS 10, an analysis of the researched area was made and stability of landscape as a resource was estab-lished for each separate type of landscape character. The identifi cation of the landscape character and of the elements being the exponents of landscape identity defi ned the direction in which the path should be developed and provided the guidelines for its rerouting, materialization, form, length and width, position of new and supporting facilities and stylistic characteristics.

KEYWORDS _ green infrastructure, cultural trails, landscape character, greenway planning

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Belgrade 2020

ISBN: 978-86-7924-199-3

7TH INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC CONFERENCE ON ......7TH INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC CONFERENCE 4 ////...

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