77..117.1 tpupjhspd; ,ay;GfSk; njhopw;ghLfSk; mwpKfk ... · 138,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf ,e;j...

138,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf

,e;j mj;jpahaj;ijf; fw;gjd; %yk;

Ø tpupjhs;fs; gw;wpa mwpKfk;

Ø tpupjhs; gpuNahf nkd;nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;Jk; re;ju;g;gq;fs;

Ø gy;NtW tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fs;

Ø tpupjhspd; %yfq;fs;

Mfpad gw;wpa tpupthd tpsf;fj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;.

7.17.17.17.17.1 tpupjhspd; ,ay;GfSk; njhopw;ghLfSk;tpupjhspd; ,ay;GfSk; njhopw;ghLfSk;tpupjhspd; ,ay;GfSk; njhopw;ghLfSk;tpupjhspd; ,ay;GfSk; njhopw;ghLfSk;tpupjhspd; ,ay;GfSk; njhopw;ghLfSk;

mwpKfk;mwpKfk;mwpKfk;mwpKfk;mwpKfk;

ehk;> ghlrhiyapy; fzpjghlg; gapw;rpfisr; nra;tjw;F rJutbtf;

fl;lq;fs; ,lg;gl;l mg;gpahrg; Gj;jfj;ijg; gad;gLj;JfpNwhk;. ,g;gapw;rpg;

Gj;jfk; fl;lq;fs; ,lg;gl;l gy gf;fq;fisf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

,t;thwhd khjpupaikg;Ng kpd;dZrhu; tpupjhspYk;

cs;sJ. mjhtJ fpilahf epiufisAk; (tupirfs;) epiyf;Fj;

jhf epuy;fisAk; nfhz;l ml;ltiz Nghd;w mikg;igf;

nfhz;bUf;Fk;. ,jpYs;s fl;lq;fspd; cauk;> mfyk; Mfpatw;iw

Njitf;Nfw;g khw;wpf; nfhs;s KbAk;.

tpiuthfTk; Jy;ypakhfTk; fzpj;jy;fis Nkw;nfhs;sf;$ba

gy;NtWgl;l tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fs; nghwpapaw; Jiwj; Njitfs;> tpahghu

eltbf;iffs;> tpQ;QhduPjpahd fzpj;jy;fs; Mfpatw;Wf;nfd

cyfshtpauPjpapy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;L tUfpd;wd.


nkd;nghUs;fisg; gad;gLj;jpj; jahupf;fg;gl;l tpupjhspy; (gzpj;jhspy;);

cs;s vz;nzhd;iw khw;Wk;NghJ mjDld; njhlu;Ggl;l vy;yh vz;

ngWkhdq;fSk; mjw;Nfw;whw;Nghy khw;wkiltJ ,jpYs;s rpwg;gk;rkhFk;.

MfNt> ,t;tif nkd;nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;jpj; jahupf;fg;gl;L ngwg;gLk;

jfty;fs; kpfr; rupahdjhfTk; ek;gfkhdjhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;.

tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;Jk; re;ju;g;gq;fs;tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;Jk; re;ju;g;gq;fs;tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;Jk; re;ju;g;gq;fs;tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;Jk; re;ju;g;gq;fs;tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;Jk; re;ju;g;gq;fs;

1. tpahghuj; Jiwapy; mbf;fb gad;gLj;jg;gLk; mjpfstpyhd juTfis

epuw;gLj;jpf; fhl;l KbAk;. mt;thNw

® mYtyf fzf;Fg;gjpTfisg; NgZk; NghJ>

® epjpawpf;iffisj; jahupf;Fk;NghJ

® nryT tpguq;fisj; jahupf;Fk;NghJ

® tl;bf; fzpj;jypd; NghJ>

® rk;gsg; gl;baiyj; jahupf;Fk;NghJ

tpupj;jhs; nkd;nghUl;fs; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

nghwpapaw; Jiwapy; fzpj;jy;fis Nkw;nfhs;s tpupjhs; nkd;nghUs;

gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

cjhuzkhf

® jput mKf;fj;ijf; fzpj;jy;

® kpd;Rw;iwj; jpl;lkply;

® fl;Lkhd eltbf;iffisj; jpl;lkply; Nghd;wd.

tpQ;Qhdj;Jiwapy; fzpj;jy;fs;> Muha;r;rp kw;Wk; juTfisg;

gFg;gha;T nra;aTk; ,it gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

4. tPl;L eltbf;iffspd; NghJ Fwpg;ghf ehshe;j tuT nryTfisf;

fzpj;jy;> jkJ FLk;g KjyPLfs;> ,yhgq;fs; Mfpad gw;wpa

mwpf;iffisg; NgZjy; Mfpatw;Wf;Fk; ,J gad;gLk;.

Fwpg ;ghf ghlrhiy kjpg;g Pl;by; xt;nthU khztDk; ngw;w

nkhj;jg; Gs;spfisf; $l;b mjpypUe;J ruhrupg; Gs;spfisf; fzpj;jy;>

khztu;fsJ tFg;G epiyfis mwpjy;> guPl;irg; Gs;spfisg;

gFg;gha;T nra;J mtw;iw tiuGgLj;Jjy; Mfpatw;Wf;Fk; ,J

gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

,jw;F Nkyjpfkhf ehshe;j nghJthd fzpj;jy;fis Nkw;nfhs;tjw;Fk;

tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fs; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.


gy;NtW tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fs; gy;NtW tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fs; gy;NtW tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fs; gy;NtW tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fs; gy;NtW tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fs;

® epWtdj;jpd;

® epWtdj;jpd; 123

® epWtdj;jpd;

® jpwe;j nkd;nghUs; vdf; fUjg;gLk; ,d;

® ,d;

® ,k;nkd;nghUl;fspd; gy;NtW jahupg;Gf;fs; my;yJ khjpupfs;

fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

gpd;tUk; tpupjhs; nkd;nghUs;fs; jw;NghJ mjpfstpy; gad;gLj;jg;

gLfpd;wd.

njhFg;gpy; mlq;fpAs;s

cU 7.1 nkd;nghUs; jpiuapy; fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gLk; tpjk;


njhFg;gpy; cs;snjhFg;gpy; cs;snjhFg;gpy; cs;snjhFg;gpy; cs;snjhFg;gpy; cs;s nkd;nghUs;nkd;nghUs;nkd;nghUs;nkd;nghUs;nkd;nghUs;

cU 7.2 nkd;nghUs; jpiuapy; fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gLk; tpjk;

cU 7.3 tpupjhspd; Kfg;gpYs;s %yfq;fs;


epuy;fs;epuy;fs;epuy;fs;epuy;fs;epuy;fs;

gzpj;jhspy; ,y; epiyf;Fj;jhf cs;sit epuy;fs;

vdg;gLk;. xU epuypy; tupirahf mLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fl;lq;fs;

fyq;fs; vdg;gLk;. xt;nthU epuiyAk; ,dq;fhzj;jf;fjhf mjhtJ

vd 256 epuy; jiyg;Gf;fs; ^ &

fhzg;gLk;.

tupirfs;tupirfs;tupirfs;tupirfs;tupirfs; (epiufs;) (epiufs;) (epiufs;) (epiufs;) (epiufs;)

fpilahf cs;sit epiufs; vdg;gLk;. ,e;j epiufs;

fPo;Nehf;fp ,yf;fkplg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ,t; ,yf;fq;fs; epiu ,yf;fq;fs; ̂

& vd miof;fg;gLk;. ,y; epiufs; vd

njhlupyf;fj;jpy; 65536 Mk; ,yf;fk; tiu ngauplg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

ntt;NtW tpupjhs; gpuNahf nkd;nghUl;fspy; cs;s epuy;fs;> epiufs;

Mfpatw;wpd; vz;zpf;if khWgLk;.

fyk; (rpw;wiw)fyk; (rpw;wiw)fyk; (rpw;wiw)fyk; (rpw;wiw)fyk; (rpw;wiw)

xU epuyhYk; epiuahYk; cUthf;fg;gLk; rpW fl;lNk fyk; vd

miof;fg;gLk;. ,t;thwhd fyq;fspd; $l;lhy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ

gzpj;jhs; vdg;gLk;. ,tw;wpy; juTfis cs;sPL nra;a KbAk;.

fy Kftupfy Kftupfy Kftupfy Kftupfy Kftup

gzpj;jhspy; mNef vz;zpf;ifahd fyq;fs; fhzg;gLtjdhy;

mit vy;yhtw;iwAk; NtWgLj;jp ,dq;fhz;gjw;F mit xt;nthd;wpw;Fk;

jdpj;jdpahd fyKftup nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

fyKftupia vOJk;NghJ Kjypy; epuy; jiyg;G

vOjg;gl;L gpd; tupir ,yf;fk; vOjg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzkhf (- vdf; Fwpg;gpLtJ

vDk; epuYld; 3tJ tupir

,ilntl;Lk;; ,lj;jpYs;s fykhFk;.

.

cU 7.4


xg;gil 7.1xg;gil 7.1xg;gil 7.1xg;gil 7.1xg;gil 7.1

tPr;rpDs; cs;s fyq;fs;tPr;rpDs; cs;s fyq;fs;tPr;rpDs; cs;s fyq;fs;tPr;rpDs; cs;s fyq;fs;tPr;rpDs; cs;s fyq;fs;

cU 7.5

njupT nra;ag;gl;l fyq;fs;njupT nra;ag;gl;l fyq;fs;njupT nra;ag;gl;l fyq;fs;njupT nra;ag;gl;l fyq;fs;njupT nra;ag;gl;l fyq;fs;

ePy epwkhf cs;sd.ePy epwkhf cs;sd.ePy epwkhf cs;sd.ePy epwkhf cs;sd.ePy epwkhf cs;sd.

nraw;ghl;bYs;s fyk; (nraw;ghl;bYs;s fyk; (nraw;ghl;bYs;s fyk; (nraw;ghl;bYs;s fyk; (nraw;ghl;bYs;s fyk; (

tpupj;jhs; xd;wp;Ys;s xU fyk; nraw;ghl;bYs;sNghJ me;j fyj;jpd;

tpspk;Gfs; fU epwkhf fhl;rpaspf;Fk;. ,e;jf; fyNk nraw;ghl;bYs;s

fyk; vdg;gLk;.

njhlf;fk;

tiuapyhd

fyq;fis cU 7.5

Rl;bf;fhl;L;fpd;wJ

gzpj;jhSk; gzpg;Gj;jfKk;gzpj;jhSk; gzpg;Gj;jfKk;gzpj;jhSk; gzpg;Gj;jfKk;gzpj;jhSk; gzpg;Gj;jfKk;gzpj;jhSk; gzpg;Gj;jfKk;

epiufs;> epuy;fs; Mfpatw;why; Fwpj;Jf; fhl;lg;gLk; jhs; gzpj;jhs;

vdg;gLk;. ,t;thwhd gzpj;jhs;fisf; nfhz;lJ gzpg;Gj;jfk;

vdg;gLk;. gzpj;jhs;; njhFjpapy; Kjypy; cs;s gzpj;jhs;fSf;F

Nkyjpfkhf NkYk; gy gzpj;jhs;fisg; gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpy; Nru;j;Jf;nfhs;s

KbAk;. ,it vd ngauplg;gl;Ls;sd. vdpDk;> vkJ Njit

fUjp mtw;Wf;F NtW ngau;fis toq;ff;$ba trjpAs;sJ.

gy;NtW tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fis ,dq;

fhZq;fs;

ePq;fs; gad;gLj;Jk; tpupjhs; nkd;nghUl;fspd;

mbg;gil ,ay;Gfis ,dq;fhZq;fs;.


ePq;fs; jahupj;J itj;Js;s gzpg;Gj;jfj;ij tpUk;gpa ngaupy;> tpUk;gpa

,lj;jpy; Nrkpj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;.

c-k; (- Mfpatw;wpy;

gl;bapYs;s vd;gij nrhlf;Ff. mg;NghJ fpilf;Fk; nrhy;yhlw;

ngl;bapy; cs;s Ij; njupT nra;f. ,y; ngaiu mr;rpLf.

,Wjpapy; I nrhlf;Ff.

tpupjhspy; fyq;fis tpirg; gyifapd; ( Jiz nfhz;L

ifahSk;NghJ gad;gLj;jg;gLk; rhtpfs; gpd;tUk; ml;ltizap;y;

Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sd.

tpupjhs; xd;wpy; ve;jnthU fyj;jpYk; juTfis cs;sPL nra;a KbAk;.

,jw;fhf Kjypy; mf;Fwpg;gpl;l fyk; njupT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. Rl;b (

my;yJ tpirg;gyifapYs;s jpirr;rhtp iag; gad;gLj;jp

,jid Nkw;nfhs;s KbAk;. cupa juTfis cs;sPL nra;j gpd;du; cs;topr;

rhtpia mOj;j Ntz;Lk;.

juTfis cs;spLjy;juTfis cs;spLjy;juTfis cs;spLjy;juTfis cs;spLjy;juTfis cs;spLjy;

7.2 tpupjhspy; juTfis cs;sPL nra;jy;7.2 tpupjhspy; juTfis cs;sPL nra;jy;7.2 tpupjhspy; juTfis cs;sPL nra;jy;7.2 tpupjhspy; juTfis cs;sPL nra;jy;7.2 tpupjhspy; juTfis cs;sPL nra;jy;

gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpid Nrkpj;jy;; gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpid Nrkpj;jy;; gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpid Nrkpj;jy;; gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpid Nrkpj;jy;; gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpid Nrkpj;jy;;

gzpj;jhnshd;iwf; ifahSjy;gzpj;jhnshd;iwf; ifahSjy;gzpj;jhnshd;iwf; ifahSjy;gzpj;jhnshd;iwf; ifahSjy;gzpj;jhnshd;iwf; ifahSjy;

tpupjhspy; cupa jpirapy; fyq;fisj; njupTnra;J

gazpf;Fk;

nraw;gLk; tupirapd; epuYf;Fr; nry;Yk;

fyj;jpw;Fr; nry;Yk;

xU jlitf;F xU jhs; tPjk; Kd;Ndhf;fpr; nry;Yk;

xU jlitf;F xU jhs; tPjk; gpd;Ndhf;fpr; nry;Yk;

mOj;j Ntz;ba rhtp mOj;j Ntz;ba rhtp mOj;j Ntz;ba rhtp mOj;j Ntz;ba rhtp mOj;j Ntz;ba rhtp NgWNgWNgWNgWNgW

ml;ltiz 7.1


gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;ag;gLk; gy;NtW tifj; juTfs; gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;ag;gLk; gy;NtW tifj; juTfs; gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;ag;gLk; gy;NtW tifj; juTfs; gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;ag;gLk; gy;NtW tifj; juTfs; gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;ag;gLk; gy;NtW tifj; juTfs;

1' Kfg;G milahsk;Kfg;G milahsk;Kfg;G milahsk;Kfg;G milahsk;Kfg;G milahsk; my;yJ vOj;J tbtk;; (

gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;ag;gLk; vz;fzpj nraw;ghl;bw;F

cl;gLj;jg;glhj vz;fs;> vOj;Jf;fs;> FwpaPLfs; Nghd;w juTfs;

Kfg;G milahsk; vdg;gLk;. ,J nghJthf fyj;jpd; ,lg;gf;fj;jpy;

mike;J fhzg;gLk;.

c-k; (-

2' vz;fs;vz;fs;vz;fs;vz;fs;vz;fs;

,yf;fq;fis kl;Lk; nfhz;l juTfs; ,jpy; mlq;Fk;. ,tw;iw

tpirg;gyif %yk; cs;sPL nra;jJk; mit nghJthf fyj;jpd; tyJ

gf;fj;jpy; mike;J fhzg;gLk;.

c-k; : 10> 2000> 20 . 8

3' #j;jpuq;fs;#j;jpuq;fs;#j;jpuq;fs;#j;jpuq;fs;#j;jpuq;fs;

juTf; fzpj;jYf;fhf vOjg;gLk; rkd;ghLfs; nfhz;l Fwpg;Gfs;

,jpylq;Fk;.

c k; :

ngUk;ghyhd nkd;nghUs;fspy; rfy tha;g;ghLfSk; rkd; I mOj;jp

Muk;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

epug;Gifg; gpbepug;Gifg; gpbepug;Gifg; gpbepug;Gifg; gpbepug;Gifg; gpb

epug;Gifg; gpb

epug;Gifg; gpb %ykhf juTfspd;

njhlu;r ;rpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s

KbAk;.

cU. 7.6 Nfhg;Gfisf; ifahSk; tpjk;


epug;Gifg; gpbiaf; ifahSk; tpjk;epug;Gifg; gpbiaf; ifahSk; tpjk;epug;Gifg; gpbiaf; ifahSk; tpjk;epug;Gifg; gpbiaf; ifahSk; tpjk;epug;Gifg; gpbiaf; ifahSk; tpjk;

fyj;jpd; tyJgf;f fPo; %iyf;F mz;ikapy; Rl;br; Rl;lhidf;

nfhz;L nry;Yk;NghJ mq;F vDk; milahsk; nfhz;l epug;Gifg; gpbnjd;gLk;. mjid fPo;Nehf;fp gpbj;J ,Of;Fk;NghJ NkNy cs;sfyj;jpYs;s juTfspd; njhlu;r;rp Njhd;Wk;.

c k;: Xu; fyj;jpDs; vd vOjp epug;Gifg; gpbiag; gad;gLj;jpVida fyq;fis epug;Gtjd; %yk; vdnjhlu;r;rpahd khjq;fspd; ngau;fs; fyq;fspDs; gpujpnra;ag;gLk;mt;thW thu ehl;fisAk; my;yJ vd vOjp Vidajpdq;fisAk; gpujp nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;.

fyj;jpy; vd vOjg;gl;l #j;jpuk; xd;iwepug;Gifg; gpbiaf; ifahStjd; %yk; kpf ,yFthf fPNo gpujpnra;tjd;%yk; mr;#j;jpuk; tpUj;jpaile;J ,y; vdTk; ,y;

vdTk; fhl;b epw;Fk;.

jpfjp> Neuk; Mfpatw;iwg; gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;jy;jpfjp> Neuk; Mfpatw;iwg; gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;jy;jpfjp> Neuk; Mfpatw;iwg; gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;jy;jpfjp> Neuk; Mfpatw;iwg; gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;jy;jpfjp> Neuk; Mfpatw;iwg; gzpj;jhspy; cs;sPL nra;jy;

gzp;jhs;; gad;ghl;bd; NghJ jpfjp> Neuk; Mfpad ,yf;ftbtpNyNaFwpf;fg;gLk;.tpupj;jhs; xd;wpy; cl;gLj;jg;gl;l jpfjpia gy;NtW tbtq;fSk;khw;wpaikf;f KbAk;. jpfjpia cs;sPL nra;Ak;NghJ E}w;whz;Lfisf;Fwpg;gpl;L my;yJ Fwpg;gplhJ cl;gLj;j KbAk;.

�� khjk; $ jpfjp; $ tUlk;�� tUlk;$ khjk; $ jpfjp;�� khjk; - jpfjp; - tUlk;

�� tUlk;- khjk; - jpfjp vd vOj KbAk;.

�� jpfjpia cs;sPL nra;jyjpfjpia cs;sPL nra;jyjpfjpia cs;sPL nra;jyjpfjpia cs;sPL nra;jyjpfjpia cs;sPL nra;jy;

cjhuzk; (-

�� Neuj;ij cs;sPL nra;jyNeuj;ij cs;sPL nra;jyNeuj;ij cs;sPL nra;jyNeuj;ij cs;sPL nra;jyNeuj;ij cs;sPL nra;jy;

kzp : epkplk; : nrf;fd; vd;wthwhd ,yf;fq;fspy; cl;gLj;Jf.

,q;F Neuj;ij cl;gLj;j Ntz;baJ 24 kzp Neuq;fhl;Lk; kzpf;$l;by;fhl;lg;gLk; tpjj;jpyhFk;. 12 kzpj;jpahyq;fis fhl;b epw;Fk; kzpf;$l;bd;mbg;gilapy; Neuj;ij cl;gLj;jpd; Neuj;jpd; gpd;du; vd;wthWvOJjy; Ntz;Lk;.

c k; :


nraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghL

7.17.17.17.17.1

01' gpd;tUk; re;ju;g;gq;fspy; tpirg;gyifapy; cs;s rhtpfis

mOj;jpaJk; fyr;Rl;lhd; gzpj;jhspy; nry;Yk;

,lj;ij mtjhdpj;J ml;ltiziag; g+uzg;gLj;Jf.

02' gpd;tUk; juTfis xU fyj;jpw;F xd;WtPjk; cs;sPL nra;J

fyj;jpDs; mtw;wpd; tUtpisTfis mtjhdpf;Ff.

(m) (M) (,) (<)

c) Gjpa gzpj;jhspy; rpy jpfjpfs; kw;Wk; Neuq;fis cupathW cs;sPL

nra;J mtw;wpd; gy;NtW tbtikg;Gfis mtjhdpj;J

mg;gzpj;jhis ~ | vd ngaupLf.

C) ePq;fs; gad;gLj;jpa gzpg;Gj;jfj;ij vDk; ngaupy;

Nrkpf;fTk;.

nraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghL ngWNgWngWNgWngWNgWngWNgWngWNgW


ml;litz 7.3

nra;if nra;if nra;if nra;if nra;if fUj;J fUj;J fUj;J fUj;J fUj;J vLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;L

rkd;

ngupaJ

rpwpaJ

ngupJ my;yJ rkd;

rpwpJ my;yJ rkd;

rkdw;wJ

nra;if nra;if nra;if nra;if nra;if fUj;J fUj;J fUj;J fUj;J fUj;J vLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;L

,izj;jy;

7.3 vspa fzpjr; nra;iffspd; gad;ghL 7.3 vspa fzpjr; nra;iffspd; gad;ghL 7.3 vspa fzpjr; nra;iffspd; gad;ghL 7.3 vspa fzpjr; nra;iffspd; gad;ghL 7.3 vspa fzpjr; nra;iffspd; gad;ghL

gzpj;jhs; ; gad;ghl;bd;NghJ mjpfstpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; fzpjr;

nra;iffs; rpy fPNo jug;gl;Ls;sd.

ml;ru fzpjr; nra;iffs; ml;ru fzpjr; nra;iffs; ml;ru fzpjr; nra;iffs; ml;ru fzpjr; nra;iffs; ml;ru fzpjr; nra;iffs;

xg;gPl;Lf; fzpjr; nra;iffs; xg;gPl;Lf; fzpjr; nra;iffs; xg;gPl;Lf; fzpjr; nra;iffs; xg;gPl;Lf; fzpjr; nra;iffs; xg;gPl;Lf; fzpjr; nra;iffs;

nra;ifnra;ifnra;ifnra;ifnra;if nraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghL vLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;LvLj;Jf; fhl;L

$l;ly;

fopj;jy;

kiwg;ngWkhdk;

ngUf;Fjy;

tFj;jy;

rjtPjk;

tY(mLf;F)

ml;litz 7.2

Nfhu;it (ruk;) nra;iffs; Nfhu;it (ruk;) nra;iffs; Nfhu;it (ruk;) nra;iffs; Nfhu;it (ruk;) nra;iffs; Nfhu;it (ruk;) nra;iffs;


Mfpa nkd;nghUl;fspy; vy;yh fzpjr;

nra;iffSk; milahskplg;gl;L Muk;gpf;fg;gLk;.

c-k; (-

fzpjr; rkd;ghLfis Neubahff; fyj;jpy; cs;sPL nra;Ak; Kiwfs;

gw;wpNa NkNy fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.

gzpj;jhs; fyq;fspDs; cs;s ngWkhdq;fspd; JizAld; vz;gzpj;jhs; fyq;fspDs; cs;s ngWkhdq;fspd; JizAld; vz;gzpj;jhs; fyq;fspDs; cs;s ngWkhdq;fspd; JizAld; vz;gzpj;jhs; fyq;fspDs; cs;s ngWkhdq;fspd; JizAld; vz;gzpj;jhs; fyq;fspDs; cs;s ngWkhdq;fspd; JizAld; vz;

fzpj rkd;ghnlhd;iw Mf;Fjy;fzpj rkd;ghnlhd;iw Mf;Fjy;fzpj rkd;ghnlhd;iw Mf;Fjy;fzpj rkd;ghnlhd;iw Mf;Fjy;fzpj rkd;ghnlhd;iw Mf;Fjy;

vy;yhf; fyq;fSk; mtw;Wf;nfd jdpj;Jtkhd Kftupiaf; nfhz;Ls;sd

vd;gJ cq;fSf;Fj; njupAk;.

c-k; ( ml;ltiz 7.4 ,d;gb fyj;jpYs;s vz;izAk; fyj;jpYs;s

vz;izAk; $l;b tpilia fyj;jpy; ngw Ntz;Lnkdf;

nfhs;Nthk;.

Kjypy; fyj;jpy; 5 IAk; fyj;jpy; 3 IAk; gpujpapLf.

mLj;J fyr; Rl;lhd; I fyj;jpy; epiyg;gLj;Jf.

,jw;nfd tpirg;gyifia my;yJ Rl;biag;

gad;gLj;Jf.

gpd;du; vDk; rkd;ghl;il mikj;J ia

mOj;Jf.

clNd tpil fyj;jpy; fpilf;Fk;.

;kw;Wk; fyq;fspYs;s vz;fis khw;wpdhy; fyj;jpy; cs;s

tpilfs; khw;wk; milAk;.

1 3

2 5

3

ml;ltiz 7.4


ePq;fs; Vw;fdNt gad;gLj;jpa vDk; ngaupYs;s

gzpg;Gj;jfj;ij jpwe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.

Gjpa gzpj;jhs; xd;iwj; jpwe;J ePq;fs; gad;gLj;Jk; tpupjhs;

nkd;nghUisg; gad;gLj;jp gpd;tUk; gbtj;ijg; g+uzg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

Ngidapid nfhs;tdT nra;tjw;Fr; nrythfpa gzf;fzpg;g Pl;bid fyj;jpy; fhz;f. epug;Gifg; gpbiag;gad;gLj;jp kPjp nghUl;fspd; tpiyfisAk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;f.

nfhs;tdT nra;ag;gLk; vy;yhg; nghUl;fSf;Fk; 1] fopTjug;gLkhapd; apidg; g+u;j;jp nra;f.

,izg; G+uzg;gLj;jp tpiyfspd; #j;jpuj;ij vOJf.

apYs;s ngWkhdj;ij khw;wpaikj;J Mfpa epuy;fspy;Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fis mtjhdpf;Ff.

apYs;s ngWkhdj;ij khw;wpaikj;J Mfpa epuy;fspy;Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fis mtjhdpf;Ff.

,t; tpupjhis vdg; ngaupLf.

ePq;fs; gad;gLj;jpa gzpg;Gj;jfj;ij vDk; ngaupy;

Nrkpf;f.

ntWk; gzpjhnshd;wpidj; jpwe;J ,y; 3> 4> 6> 2

Mfpa vz;fis cs;sPL nra;f.

nraw;ghL nraw;ghL nraw;ghL nraw;ghL nraw;ghL

7.27.27.27.27.2


7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3

nrYj;jg;glNtz;ba gzk;

nghUs; myF tpiy

&gh

msT ngWkjp fopT

1

Ngid

ngd;rpy;

Gj;jfk;

nfhg;gp

10

5

7

4

8

6

3

8


rhu;Gfisg; gad;gLj;Jk; tpjk; rhu;Gfisg; gad;gLj;Jk; tpjk; rhu;Gfisg; gad;gLj;Jk; tpjk; rhu;Gfisg; gad;gLj;Jk; tpjk; rhu;Gfisg; gad;gLj;Jk; tpjk;

gpd;tUk; rkd;ghLfSf;Ff; fpilf;Fk; tpilfis xg;gpLf.

7.4 fzpj;jy;fSf;fhfr; rhu;Gfisg; gad;gLj;Jjy; 7.4 fzpj;jy;fSf;fhfr; rhu;Gfisg; gad;gLj;Jjy; 7.4 fzpj;jy;fSf;fhfr; rhu;Gfisg; gad;gLj;Jjy; 7.4 fzpj;jy;fSf;fhfr; rhu;Gfisg; gad;gLj;Jjy; 7.4 fzpj;jy;fSf;fhfr; rhu;Gfisg; gad;gLj;Jjy;

rhu;Gfs; %yk; Fwpg;gpl;l ju;f;fq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp

Fwpg;gpl;l xu; xOq;FKiwapy; tpNrl ngWkhdq;fs; fzpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

tpupjhs;fspd; Gjpa gjpg;GfNshL gy;NtW

rhu;GfSld; ,ize;Js;sd. mtw;wpy; rpy gpd;tUkhW.

fzpjk;

epjp nghwpapay; jpfjpAk; NeuKk;

c k; Mfpatw;wpy;

rhu;ig cl;gLj;j Ntz;ba fyj;ijj; njupT nra;f.

mjDs; vd;w milahsj;ij cs;spLf.rhu;gpd; ngaiuf; Fwpf;f.milg;Gf;Fwpia ,l;Lj; njhlq;Ff.rhu;Gf;Fupa thjj;ij njhlq;Ff.milg;ig Kbj;J tpLf.vy;yhk; rupahff; Fwpf;fg;gl;bUg;gpd; my;yJ ia

mOj;jp mjid cWjpg;gLj;Jf.

c k; (-$l;Lj;njhifiaf; fhz;gjw;Fruhrupiaf; fhz;gjw;Fc-k; (- nkhj;jj;ijg; ngWk;NghJ cupa juTfspy; vy;iyfistoq;Fjy;


my;yJ à vd;Dk; fl;lisia toq;fpaJk;gpd;tUk; nrhy;yhlw; ngl;b Njhd;Wk;. mjpy; cupa rhu;igj; njupTnra;jhy; mjidg; gad;gLj;Jk; Kiw kw;Wk; mjDld; njhlu;ghdfzpj;jy;fs; gw;wp fPNo cs;s nrhy;yhlw; ngl;bapy;

mtjhdpf;fyhk;.

rhu;Grhu;Grhu;Grhu;Grhu;G njhlupay; njhlupay; njhlupay; njhlupay; njhlupay; gad;ghLgad;ghLgad;ghLgad;ghLgad;ghL

vz;fspd; ruhrupg; ngWkjp

gy;NtW vz;fspy; ngupa vz;

gy;NtW vz;fspy; rpwpa vz;

juT tPr;rpy; Fwpj;j juT cs;s

fyq;fspd; vz;zpf;ifiaf;

fhl;Lk;

vz;zpd; mz;zsTg;

ngWkhdj;ijf; fzpf;f cjTk;

ml;ltiz 7.5

cU 7.7 rhu;GfSf;fhd nrhy;yhlw; ngl;b


7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4

7.2 nraw;ghl;bd; fyj;Jf;Fr; nrYj;j Ntz;ba gzj;jpd;

nkhj;jj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;f.

Fwpf;fg;gl;l tP;r;rpYs;s fyq;fspd;ngWkjpiaf; $l;Lk;


fyj;jpy; cs;s ngWkhdk; 100 ,Yk; mjpfkhapd; fyj;jpy;

vdTk; 100 ,w;Ff; Fiwthapd; vdTk; njd;gl Ntz;Lk;.

vd;w rhu;gpid ,y;

Fwpg;gplg;gLkhapd; ~~ vd ,y; njd;gLk;.

ePq;fs; Kd;G gad;gLj;jpa vDk; ngaupYs;sgzpg;Gj;jfj;ij jpwe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.Gjpa gzpj;jhnshd;iwg; gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpypUe;J Ntwhf;fp tpupjhs;nkd;nghUisg; gad;gLj;jpg; gpd;tUk; Ntiyg; gbtj;ijg;

g+u;;j;jpahf;Fq;fs;.

epuypy; xt;nthU khztupdJk; nkhj;jg; Gs;spfisr; rhu;gpidg;;gad;gLj;jp fzpf;Ff.

epuypy; xt;nthU khztupdJk; ruhrupg; Gs;spfisr; rhu;gpidg;gad;gLj;jpf; fzpf;Ff.Gs;spfspd; ruhrup 40 my;yJ mjpYk; mjpfkhapd; 'rpj;jpaile;jhu;"( )vdTk; 40 ,Yk; Fiwthapd; 'rpj;jpailatpy;iy"( ) vdTk; epuypy;Fwpg;gpLf.MwhJ tupirapy; xt;nthU khztDk; ngw;w cr;rGs;spiar; rhu;gpidg;gad;gLj;jp fzpg;gpLf.

1 ngau; fzpjk; Mq;fpyk; tpQ;Qhdk ; nkhj;jk; ruhrup

2 khyh

3 rhkh

4 ghyh

5 fkyh

6 cr;rg;Gs;sp

7 ,opTg; Gs;sp


7.57.57.57.57.5

rpj;jp rpj;jp,d;;ik

c k;

rhu;Grhu;Grhu;Grhu;Grhu;G

,r; rhu;gpid vOJk; tpjk; gpd;tUkhW

,q;F VjhtJ epge;jid

g+u;j;jp nra;ag;gl;bUg;gpd; cz;ik> ,y;iyNay; gpioahd tpisT

Fwpg;gplg;gLk;.


VohtJ tupirapy; xt;nthU khztDk; ngw;w ,opTg;Gs;spfisr;rhu;gpidg; gad;gLj;jpf; fzpf;Ff.mg;zpg;Gj;jfj;ij vdg; ngaupLf.ePq;fs; gad;gLj;jpa gzpg;Gj;jfj;ij Nrkpf;Ff.

VjhtJ fl;lis my;yJ juT Nrfupg;igf; fl;bnaOg;Gk;NghJ Vw;fdNt

cs;s epuy;fs;> tupirfs; Mfpatw;Wld; NtW epuy;fisAk; tupirfisAk;

Nru;f;f Ntz;b Vw;gLk;.

gzpj;jhs; epuy;fs;> tupirfs; Mfpatw;wpd; mfyk; cauk; vd;gtw;iw

vkf;F Vw;wthW khw;wp mikj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;.

gzpj;jhs ; Njhw;wj;ij vkf;F Ntz;baJNghy; khw;wpaikj;Jf; nfhs;s

KbAk;. ,jw;nfd

vOj;JU

vOj;JUf;fspd; msT

vOj;JUf;fis jbg;ghdjhfr; nra;jy;

vOj;JUf;fisr; rha;e;jthW nra;jy;

fyj;jpd; gpd;dzp( )

vOj;JUf;fspd; epwk;

Mfpatw;iw khw;wpaikf;f KbAk;.

gzpj;jhspd; Njhw;wj;jpy; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy; gzpj;jhspd; Njhw;wj;jpy; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy; gzpj;jhspd; Njhw;wj;jpy; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy; gzpj;jhspd; Njhw;wj;jpy; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy; gzpj;jhspd; Njhw;wj;jpy; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy;

7.5 Njitf;Nfw;gg; gzpj;jhisj; jahu;nra;jy;.7.5 Njitf;Nfw;gg; gzpj;jhisj; jahu;nra;jy;.7.5 Njitf;Nfw;gg; gzpj;jhisj; jahu;nra;jy;.7.5 Njitf;Nfw;gg; gzpj;jhisj; jahu;nra;jy;.7.5 Njitf;Nfw;gg; gzpj;jhisj; jahu;nra;jy;.

gzpj;jhspy; tupirfs;> epuy;fs; gzpj;jhs;fs; Mfpatw;iwg;gzpj;jhspy; tupirfs;> epuy;fs; gzpj;jhs;fs; Mfpatw;iwg;gzpj;jhspy; tupirfs;> epuy;fs; gzpj;jhs;fs; Mfpatw;iwg;gzpj;jhspy; tupirfs;> epuy;fs; gzpj;jhs;fs; Mfpatw;iwg;gzpj;jhspy; tupirfs;> epuy;fs; gzpj;jhs;fs; Mfpatw;iwg;

Gjpjhfr; Nru;j;jy;Gjpjhfr; Nru;j;jy;Gjpjhfr; Nru;j;jy;Gjpjhfr; Nru;j;jy;Gjpjhfr; Nru;j;jy;

Nru;f;ifNru;f;ifNru;f;ifNru;f;ifNru;f;if ml;ltizml;ltizml;ltizml;ltizml;ltiz nraw;ghL nraw;ghL nraw;ghL nraw;ghL nraw;ghL

epuy;fs; à

tupir à

gzpj;jhs; à

ml;ltiz 7.6

Fwpf;fg;gl;l ,lj;Jf;F

Fwpg;gpl;l ,lj;jpw;F ,lJ gf;fj;

jpy; Gjpa epunyhd;W Njhd;Wk;



Fwpg;gpl;l ,lj;jpw;F Nkw; gf;fj;

jpy; Gjpatupirnahd;W Njhd;Wk;

Fwpg;gpl;l ,lj;jpw;F gzpj;jhs;

xd;wpid Gjpjhfr; Nru;fyhk;


c k; (- Mfpatw;wpy; khw;wk; nra;a Ntz;ba fyj;ijj; njupT

nra;J

à à

Mfpatw;Wf;fika cupa khw;wq;fisr; nra;a KbAk;

fyq;fspy; mlq;fpAs;s juTfspd; njhliu khw;wpaikj;jy;fyq;fspy; mlq;fpAs;s juTfspd; njhliu khw;wpaikj;jy;fyq;fspy; mlq;fpAs;s juTfspd; njhliu khw;wpaikj;jy;fyq;fspy; mlq;fpAs;s juTfspd; njhliu khw;wpaikj;jy;fyq;fspy; mlq;fpAs;s juTfspd; njhliu khw;wpaikj;jy;

juTfis Neu;g;gLj;Jjy; juTfis Neu;g;gLj;Jjy; juTfis Neu;g;gLj;Jjy; juTfis Neu;g;gLj;Jjy; juTfis Neu;g;gLj;Jjy;

gzpj;jhspy; juTfis cl;GFj;Jk;NghJ mit RakhfNt fyq;fspd;,lJ gf;fj;jpy; my;yJ tyJ gf;fj;jpy; mike;J fhzg;gLk;. vdpDk;fyq;fspy; mlq;fpAs;s juTfspd; epiyf;Fj;J my;yJ fpil mikitcq;fshy; khw;wpaikj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;.c k; ( - ,y; Njitahd fyq;fisj; njupT nra;aTk;. gpd;du; ,f;

fl;lisiag; gpd;gw;wTk;à à

,jd;NghJ nrhy;yhlw; ngl;bapy; gy;NtW gpujpaPLfs; fpilf;Fk;.

fyj;jpd; ,lJ> tyJ Gwkhf nrhw;fis Neu;g;gLj;Jifnra;ag; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

fyj;jpd; Nkw;Gwk;> fPo;g;Gwkhf nrhw;fis Neu;g;gLj;Jifnra;ag; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

vOj;J my;yJ vOj;JUf;fspd; jpirKfj;ij Fwpj;jrha;tpy; jahu; nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;.

fyj;jpd; mfyj;ij khw;whJ mjpy; mlq;fpAs;s ePz;l trdmwpf;ifia kbf;f gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

fyj;jpd; mfyj;ijf; fhl;bYk; vOj;JUf;fspd; msTngupjhf ,Ug;gpd; vOj;JUf;fspd; msitf; Fiwf;fg;gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

gy fyq;fis xNu fykhf ,izf;fg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

cq;fSf;Fj; Njitahd gpujpaPLfisr; nra;j gpd;du; nghj;jhid nrhlf;Ftjd; %ykhfNth rhtpia mOj;Jtjd;%ykhfNth cupa ngWNgw;iwg; ngwyhk;.

,jd;NghJ ePq;fs; njupTnra;j gpujpaPLfSf;F mika juTfs;khw;wpaikf;fg;gLk;.

mf;fydpy; cs;s ngWkhdq;fs; &gh milahsj;Jld; fhl;rpg;gLj;j Ntz;Lnkdpd; à à à vd

gad;gLj;jg;glNtz;Lk;.


vz;fspd; jrkjhd msitj; jPu;khdpj;jy;vz;fspd; jrkjhd msitj; jPu;khdpj;jy;vz;fspd; jrkjhd msitj; jPu;khdpj;jy;vz;fspd; jrkjhd msitj; jPu;khdpj;jy;vz;fspd; jrkjhd msitj; jPu;khdpj;jy;

tpupjhspYs;s vz;fspd; jrkjhd msit khw;wpaikj;Jf; nfhs;s

KbAk;.

c-k; (- ,y; à à %yk;

vz;zpd; jrkjhd msit Njitf;Nfw;gf; $l;bf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;s

KbAk;.

ePq;fs; Vw;fdNt gad;gLj;jpa vDk; ngaupYs;sgzpg;Gj;jfj;ijj; jpwe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.

vDk; gzpg;gj;jpuj;ijj; jpwe;J gpd;tUk; nraw;ghLfisNkw;nfhz;L mjd; Njhw;wj;ij khw;wpaikf;fTk;.

epuypy; KjyhtJ tupirapy; vOj;JU vOj;JUtpd;msT vOj;JUtpd; epwk; Mfpatw;iwkhw;wTk;.

vOj;Jf;fisj; jbg;ghf;fp rha;thf khw;wTk;.

fyq;fspYs;s vy;yh vOj;JUf;fs;> vOj;Jtbtk; Mfpatw;iwfyj;jpd; kj;jpf;F nfhz;L tuTk;.

Gs;spfspd; ruhrupia ,uz;L jrk jhdq;fs; nfhz;ljhfMf;fTk;.

KjyhtJ tupirf;F NkNy ,d;DnkhU tupiriar; Nru;j;J Kjy; tiuahd tupirfis xNu fykhf khw;wpaikf;fTk;.

,izf;fg;gl;l mf;fyj;jpDs; Gs;spg;gl;bay; vdj; jiyg;gpl;Lmj;jiyg;ig kj;jpapy; mikar; nra;aTk;.

ePq;fs; gad;gLj;jpa Ntiyg;Gj;jf;fj;ij Nrkpf;fTk;.

7.6 Kw;WW (7.6 Kw;WW (7.6 Kw;WW (7.6 Kw;WW (7.6 Kw;WW ( ) kw;Wk; rhu;ghd ) kw;Wk; rhu;ghd ) kw;Wk; rhu;ghd ) kw;Wk; rhu;ghd ) kw;Wk; rhu;ghd ) fyKftupfis) fyKftupfis) fyKftupfis) fyKftupfis) fyKftupfis

,dq;fhzy; ,dq;fhzy; ,dq;fhzy; ,dq;fhzy; ,dq;fhzy;

xU fyj;jpd; Kftup mJ mike;Js;s epuypd; vOj;Jf;fspdhYk;

tupirapdJ ,yf;fj;jpdhYk; Fwpf;fg;gLk;.

nraw;ghL nraw;ghL nraw;ghL nraw;ghL nraw;ghL

7.67.67.67.67.6


cjhuzk;cjhuzk;cjhuzk;cjhuzk;cjhuzk;

NkNy jug;gl;l tpiyg;gl;baiyj; jahu; nra;Ak; NghJ ,y; vOjg;gLk;

rkd;ghL MFk;. ,r;rkd;ghl;il epuypd; topNa fPo;Nehf;fpg;

gpujpgz;Zk;NghJ mJ %d;whtJ tupirapy; vdTk; ehd;fhtJ

tupirapy; vdTk; khw;wpaikf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. xU fyj;jpypUe;J

NtnwhU fyj;jpw ;F mirf;Fk;NghJ mjw;Fr; rhu ;ghf KftupAk;khw;wkilAk;. ,jw;nfd ,d; fPo; tPr;irj; njupT nra;f.

,t;thW khw;wkilAk; fy Kftup rhu;g;Gf; fyKftup vdg;gLk;.

NkNy jug;gl;l tpiyg;gl;baiyr; rupahfg; g+uzg;gLj;Jf.

,y; rkd;ghlhdJ vdTk;

,y; rkd;ghlhdJ vdTk; mike;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

mjhtJ> NkNy jug;gl;l fyKftupapy; tupirf;Fupa ,yf;fk;

khwpypahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,g; gFjpia khwpypahf;Fk;NghJ mjd; vjpupy;

vd vOjg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mg;NghJ vDk; fy Kftup Kw;WW

fyKftupahf khw;wkilAk;.

vdNt ,y; vOjg;gLk; rkd;ghL MFk;. vDk; fy

Kftup tupir Kw;WW fy Kftup vdTk; fy Kftup tupir kw;Wk;

epuy; Kw;WW fyKftup vdTk; miof;fg;gLk; nkd;nghUspy;;

kw;Wk; vDk; fyKftup fyg;Gf;fy Kftup vdTk;

( vDk; fyKftup Kw;WW fyKftup (

) vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;.

1 Gj;jf vz;zpf;if Gj;jfj;jpd; tpiy nkhj;j tpiy

2 1 &gh 12'00

3 2

4 4

ml;ltiz 7.7


ePq;fs; gad;gLj;jpa vDk; gzpg;Gj;jf

j;ijj; jpwe;Jnfhs;Sq;fs;.

Gjpa gzpj;jhnshd;iw cq;fs; gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpy; Nru;j;J ePq;fs;

gad;gLj;Jk; tpupjhs; nkd;nghUspd; cjtpAld; vDk; fyj;jpy;

nghUj;jkhd rkd;ghl;il vOjp vd;Dk; tPr;irg; gpujpnra;J gpd;tUkhwhd gzpgj;jpuk; xd;;iwg; g+uzg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

kw;Wk; Mfpa Kw;WW KftupfSf;fpilapyhd

NtWghl;bid ,dq;fhz;f.

ePq;fs; gad;gLj;jpa gzpg;Gj;jfj;ijr; Nrkpf;fTk;.

à à ,idg; gad;gLj;jp vd;gij cs;spl;L fyr;Rl;lhd; cs;s fyj;jpy;

kiwnaz; my;yJ Nenuz; my;yJ g+r;rpaj;ij cs;sPL nra;Ak; NghJahJ eilngWk; vd;gij mtjhdpf;fTk;.

7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 gzpj;jhnshd;;wpy; tiuigg; GFj;Jjy;gzpj;jhnshd;;wpy; tiuigg; GFj;Jjy;gzpj;jhnshd;;wpy; tiuigg; GFj;Jjy;gzpj;jhnshd;;wpy; tiuigg; GFj;Jjy;gzpj;jhnshd;;wpy; tiuigg; GFj;Jjy;

juTfis tiuG tbtpy; fhl;Lk;NghJ mj;jfty;fis ,yFthfTk;tpiuthfTk; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;s KbAk;. mNef Mtzq;fspy; nrhw;fs; %yk;tpgupf;f Kbahj rpf;fyhd jfty;fisr; rku;g ;g pf;f tiuGfs;

gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.


7.77.77.77 .77 .7

Gj;jfq;fspd; vz;zpf;if

Gj;jjfnkhd;wpd; tpiy &gh 12'''''00

nkhj;jk;


01. tiugpy; cs;slq;fpapUf;Ntz;ba juTfs;> ngWkhdq;fs; Mfpatw;iwg;gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpy; vOj;JUtpy; gjpj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

02. tiuig tiua njupT nra;ag;gLk; juTg; guk;gypy; ntw;W tupir my;yJntw;W epuy; fhzg;gbd; mjid mfw;wpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

03. nghJj; jiyg;ig mfw;wp kpFjpg; Gs;sp tPr;irj; njupT nra;J nfhs;sNtz;Lk;.

04. gpd;du; nghUj;jkhd tiuigj; njupT nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

05. tiuGf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd jiyg;igAk; mr;Rf;fisAk; ngaupLf.Njitahapd; ,jw;nfd gy;NtW epwq;fisg; gad;gLj;jyhk;.

06. ,Wjpapy; Njitahapd; tiugpy; juT Kfg;G milahsk; Fwptpsf;fk; Mfpatw;iwg; gad;gLj;jp tiuig cupa ,lj;jpy;epiyg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

cjhuzk; :- Mfpatw;wpy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; gbKiwfs;

tUkhW

Gs;spg; guk;giyj; njupT nra;f.

à à vd;gijj; njupT nra;f.

gad;gLj;jTs;s tiuG tifiaj; njupT nra;J nghj;jhid

mOj;Jf.

NkYk; ; tiugpy; Nkw;nfhs;sj;jf;f tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghd

re;ju;g;gq;fs; gy tpsq;fg;gLj;jg;gl;bUg;gJld; Njitf;Nfw;g

mtw;wpy; khw;wq;fis Nkw;nfhz;L nghj;jhid mOj;Jf.

,Wjpapy; tiuig epiyg;gLj;j Ntz;ba ,lj;ij (mNj

gzpg;gj;jpuj;jpy; my;yJ NtW gzpg;gj;jpuj;jpy;) jPu;khdpj;J

nghj;jid mOj;Jf.

tiuigj; jahupj;j gpd;dUq;$l Njitahd gFjpfisj; njupT

nra;J mtw;wp;y; gy;NtW khw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;j KbAk;.

tiuig tiuAk;NghJ ftdj;jpw; nfhs;s Ntz;ba mk;rq;fs;tiuig tiuAk;NghJ ftdj;jpw; nfhs;s Ntz;ba mk;rq;fs;tiuig tiuAk;NghJ ftdj;jpw; nfhs;s Ntz;ba mk;rq;fs;tiuig tiuAk;NghJ ftdj;jpw; nfhs;s Ntz;ba mk;rq;fs;tiuig tiuAk;NghJ ftdj;jpw; nfhs;s Ntz;ba mk;rq;fs;


tiuG xd;iw mikg;gjw;nfdj; jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpupg; gzpj;jhs; tUkhW

Nkw;$wg;gl;l ml;ltizf;Nfw;g tiuag;gl;l tiuG tUkhW

Vw;Wkjp tUkhdk;

tUlk; Njapiy njd;id ,wg;gu;

tiugpw;Fj; jiyg;G ,Ljy;

tiugpw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd jiyg;gplg;gl Ntz;baJld;> Mfpa

mr;Rf;fSf;F rupahf ngauplg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,jd; %ykhf tiugpd;

juj;ij Nkk;gLj;j KbAk;.

ml;ltiz 7.8

jiyg;G

tiugl gFjp

Fwp tpsf;fk;

mr

;R (

tiuGg; gFjpnea;aupf;NfhLfs;

ml;ltiz 7.9

mr;R (

(Mz;L)

Vw;Wkjp tUkhdk;Vw;Wkjp tUkhdk;Vw;Wkjp tUkhdk;Vw;Wkjp tUkhdk;Vw;Wkjp tUkhdk;

tU

khd

k;

,wg;gu;

njd;id

Njapiy

Mz;L


nea;aupf; NfhLfs; nea;aupf; NfhLfs; nea;aupf; NfhLfs; nea;aupf; NfhLfs; nea;aupf; NfhLfs; ,Ljy;,Ljy;,Ljy;,Ljy;,Ljy;,yFthf tiuig tpsq;fpf; nfhs;sntd mr;RfSf;Fr;rkhe;jukhf tiuag;gLk; NfhL nea;aupf; NfhlhFk;.NjitahdNghJ ,f;NfhLfis mfw;wpf; nfhs;s KbAk;.

Fwptpsf;fk; Fwptpsf;fk; Fwptpsf;fk; Fwptpsf;fk; Fwptpsf;fk; ,Ljy;,Ljy;,Ljy;,Ljy;,Ljy;tiugpdhy; fhl;lg;gLk; juTfis ,yFthf tpsq;fpf;nfhs;tjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Fwpg;G> Fwp tpsf;fk;vdg;gLk;. tiugpd; juj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;F ,JKf;fpakhdjhFk;.

juT Kfg;G milahsk; juT Kfg;G milahsk; juT Kfg;G milahsk; juT Kfg;G milahsk; juT Kfg;G milahsk; ,Ljy;,Ljy;,Ljy;,Ljy;,Ljy;juT gw;wpa tpgukhd jfty;fs; ,jpy; cs;slq;fpapUf;Fk;.

ePq;fs; Kd;du; gad;gLj;jpa vDk; ngaupYs;s

gzpg;Gj;jfj;ijj; jpwe;J nfhs;f.

gzpg;gf;fj;ijj; jpwe;J mjpYs;s ml;ltizapy;

xt;nthU khztDk; ngw;w Gs;spfSf;fhd epuy; tiuig(

tiuf.

mt;tiugpw;fhd jiyg;ig ,l;L mr;Rf;fisAk;

ngaupLf.

Fwptpsf;fk; ,Lf.

nghUj;jkhd epwk;> nghUj;jkhd vOj;JU msT

Mfpatw;iwj; njupT nra;f.

tiuigg; Gjpa gf;fj;jpw;F vLj;J mjw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd

ngaiu ,Lf.

xt;nthU khztDk; ntt;NtW ghlq;fSf;Fg; ngw;w

Gs;spfSf;fhd tl;l tiuig tiuf.

mt;tiugpw;Fj; jiyg;gpLf.

juT Kfg;G milahsk; ,Lf.

nghUj;jkhd epwk;> nghUj;jkhd vOj;JU> msT

Mfpatw;iwj; njupT nra;f.

tiuig Gjpa gf;fj;jpw;F vLj;J mjw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd ngaiu

,l;L ckJ gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpy; Nrkpf;fTk;.


7 . 87 . 87 . 87 . 87 . 8


7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 gzpj;jhis mr;rpLjy; gzpj;jhis mr;rpLjy; gzpj;jhis mr;rpLjy; gzpj;jhis mr;rpLjy; gzpj;jhis mr;rpLjy;

gpd;tUk; gbKiwfisg; gpd;gw;wp gzpg;gbtj;ij mr;rpLf.

1' jhisj; njupT nra;jy;.jhisj; njupT nra;jy;.jhisj; njupT nra;jy;.jhisj; njupT nra;jy;.jhisj; njupT nra;jy;.

mr;Rj;jhs; ~ |msT MFk;.

fbjk; ( ,it fzpdp mr;rpLtjw;F tpNrlkhfj;

jahu; nra;ag;gl;l ,uz;L gf;fq;fspYk; Jisfs; nfhz;ljhf

xd;Wld; xd;W ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

jhspy; mr;rpLjy; Nkw;nfhs;Sk;NghJ jpiriaj; njupT nra;jy;

fpilahd Njhw;wk;;

epiyf;Fj;jhd Njhw;wk;

2' jhspd; Xuq;fisr; jhspd; Xuq;fisr; jhspd; Xuq;fisr; jhspd; Xuq;fisr; jhspd; Xuq;fisr; nrg;gQ; nra;jy;nrg;gQ; nra;jy;nrg;gQ; nra;jy;nrg;gQ; nra;jy;nrg;gQ; nra;jy;

Nky; ,lk; ( tyJ fPo; vd;whtJ

jiyg;G mbf;Fwpg;G

vy;yhg; gf;fq;fspYk; NkNy my;yJ fPNo xNu jiyg;ig ,Ltjw;F

my;yJ gf;f ,yf;fq;fis ,Ltjw;F mtw;wpy; ,y; my;yJ

,y; Fwpg;gplg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

3' mr;rpl Kd;du; mr;R nra;ag;gl cs;s tpjj;ij mr;rpLmr;rpl Kd;du; mr;R nra;ag;gl cs;s tpjj;ij mr;rpLmr;rpl Kd;du; mr;R nra;ag;gl cs;s tpjj;ij mr;rpLmr;rpl Kd;du; mr;R nra;ag;gl cs;s tpjj;ij mr;rpLmr;rpl Kd;du; mr;R nra;ag;gl cs;s tpjj;ij mr;rpL

Kd;ghu;f;if Kd;ghu;f;if Kd;ghu;f;if Kd;ghu;f;if Kd;ghu;f;if ,y; ghu;f;f KbAk;.,y; ghu;f;f KbAk;.,y; ghu;f;f KbAk;.,y; ghu;f;f KbAk;.,y; ghu;f;f KbAk;.

4' gzpg;Gj;jfj;jpYs;sgzpg;Gj;jfj;jpYs;sgzpg;Gj;jfj;jpYs;sgzpg;Gj;jfj;jpYs;sgzpg;Gj;jfj;jpYs;s

nea;aupf;; NfhLfs; mr;R nra;J nfhs;sj; Njitnadpd;

mtw;iw gpd;tUk; tpjkhf mr;R nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;.

^c k; (- à à ,w;F

milahsk; ,Lf&


tupirfspd; ,yf;fq;fs;> epuy;fspd; vOj;Jf;fs; Mfpatw;iwAk;

Njitahapd; mr;rpl;Lf; nfhs;s KbAk;.

^c-k; (- à à I nrhlf;fp

,w;F ,Lf. &

5' cq;fSf;Fj; Njitahd gf;f ,yf;fq;fs;> gf;f vz;zpf;iffs;

Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpg;gpl;L cq;fSf;F mtrpakhd gf;fq;fis mr;rpl;;Lf;

nfhs;s KbAk;.

6' ,y;iyNay; cq;fSf;Fj; Njitahd gFjpia kl;Lk; njupT nra;J

mjid kl;Lk; mr;rpl;Lf;; nfhs;s KbAk;.


7.97.97.97.97.9

ePq;fs; Vw;fdNt gad;gLj;jpa gzpg;Gj;jfj;ijj; jpwe;J

nfhs;sTk;.

cq;fSf;Fj; Njitahd gzpg;gf;fq;fs; rpytw;iwg; mr;rpl;Lf;

nfhs;sTk;.

vd ngauplg;gl;Ls;s gzpg;gf;fj;jpy;

Mfpatw;iw ,l;L mr;rpl;Lf; nfhs;f.

cq;fshy; tiuag;gl;l tiuig mr;rpl;Lf; nfhs;f.

77..117.1 tpupjhspd; ,ay;GfSk; njhopw;ghLfSk; mwpKfk ... · 138,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf ,e;j...

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Transcript of 77..117.1 tpupjhspd; ,ay;GfSk; njhopw;ghLfSk; mwpKfk ... · 138,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf ,e;j...