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Ministry of Communications & ITDepartment of Telecommunications

National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap

Implementation of Actionable Points thereof

by State Governments

8.10.2010 Gangtok (Sikkim)

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Contents1. Brief on Internet Protocol & IP Addresses2. Our Country’s need for IP addresses 3. Initiatives by Govt. and activities of TEC4. Important extracts from TEC workshops5. “National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap” and Actionable

Points6. IPv6 Task Force Structure & functions 7. Proposed Ipv6 Deployment Plan for Govt. Deptts.8. Suggested Activities by State Government9. Review Meetings by DoT10. Questions/Queries

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Preparing for Future Communications

The Internet Architecture is based on the Internet Protocol (IP). This protocol connects different network elements like router, servers, hosts, computers, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) devices, mobile phones, sensors etc. This protocol specifies that each device should have a unique address to communicate globally with other devices on the Network. This address is known as the “IP Address”.

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Internet Protocol & IP Address

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ROLE OF IP ADDRESS ?

WHO ? Identification of Parties to the Communication Transaction

WHERE ? Determine the network location of the Identified Party

HOW ? Used to support Routing Decisions

IP Address The Internet Protocol (IP) specifies that each device (router, servers, hosts, computers, Radio Frequency Identification devices (RFID) , mobile phones, sensors etc. )on a network should have a unique address to communicate globally with other devices on the Network.

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IPV4 Address (Present)

IPV6 Address (Future)

• Total Addresses = 2^32 = 4 billion• Some addresses are reserved for special purposes like private networks or multicast addresses. However practicall only 250 million addresses are usable.

Total Addresses = 2^128 = 340 billion, billion, billion, billion

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IP Addresses vs Domain Names

The Internet

2001:0C00:8888::Computer www.apnic.net2001:0400::

www.apnic.net? 202.112.0.462001:0400::

DNS

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IP Address Domain NameNumeric202.12.29.20 2001:DB8:0234:AB00:0123:4567:8901:ABCD

Alphabeticwww.ispai.inwww.apnic.net

Computer-friendlyRouter-friendly

Human-friendly

Locator: Network end-point Label: Translates to IP Address

Intrinsic to the Internet Protocol Service running on IP (DNS)

Managed regionally Managed globally (gTLD)Or nationally (ccTLD)

Primarily technical management priorities

Primarily commercial management priorities

Competition provided by ISPs as “registrars”

Competition provided by “Registry/Registrar” model

IP Addresses vs Domain Names

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Where do IP addresses come from?

Standards

Allocation

Allocation

Assignment

End

user

Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) distribute IPv4 and IPv6 addressesto the Internet community

RIRs maintain accurate registration ofInternet resource usage for the community

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A quick summary• IPv4 addresses are a finite resource

– Less Than 5% remaining• But the demand for IP addresses will keep growing

– More devices are requiring IP addresses– IP addresses are a pre-requisite for broadband

penetration • The remaining 5% is not large enough to support

such demand

• IPv6 is the only solution !

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Regional Internet Registries

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1992: “…it is [now] desirable to consider delegating the registration function to an organization in each of those geographic areas.” (RFC 1338)

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Why our country needs adequate IP Addresses ?

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• India ranks #18* in IPv4 address allocation behind Taiwan and Netherlands

• IPv4 address stats: US-1.4B, CN-204M, JP-159M, NL-22M, IN-18.8M*

• Anomaly: At rank #3, India has great Internet potential by usage but grossly insufficient resources

* Source: http://www.bgpexpert.com/addressespercountry.php (As on 31/3/2009 with inputs from Nielsen Online and ITU)

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Adequate IP Addresses for Wireless Data Services

Rapidly Growing Mobile Data Subscribers

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• Next Generation Networks (NGN)

• All types of Communication devices in 4G scenario

• For expanding the country’s e-governance infrastructure

• Organizational Networks, Public servers and websites etc.

Adequate IP Addresses for the following

ALL Communication Networks and Devices will need IP Addresses

Country Country Code Addresses(million) Per Capita

United States US 1474.319 5.297

China CN 194.425 0.152

Japan JP 153.327 1.210

European Union EU 114.103 -

Germany DE 85.300 1.038

Canada CA 76.197 2.446

South Korea KR 72.239 1.542

United Kingdom GB 70.795 1.187

France FR 68.385 1.155

Australia AU 37.378 1.979

Italy IT 32.344 0.561

Brazil BR 29.755 0.175

Russian Federation RU 24.919 0.170

Taiwan TW 24.681 1.109

Spain ES 22.065 0.559

Mexico MX 21.503 0.217

Netherlands NL 21.249 1.339

Sweden SE 18.998 2.144

India IN 18.312 0.018

http://www.bgpexpert.com/addressespercountry.php 15

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Only 18.5 million IPv4 addresses for a population of 1.2 billion in India.

• But the requirement for IP addresses will keep increasing with new services, new networks, new applications.

• Telecommunications will be largest consumer of IP addresses in coming years (Broadband, 3G, NGN, 4G, LTE etc.)

• IPv4 is a diminishing resource and is very costly compared to IPv6 right now and will be more costlier with passage of time

IPv6 is the only solution !16

Solution ?

IPv4 Consumption: Projection

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Expected IANA Pool Depletion - October 2011Expected RIR Pool Depletion - August 2012

Current Availability = 16 blocks (of /8 addresses) = 268 million for whole worldConsumption ~ 2 blocks / month

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How IPv6 will help ?• Large Address Space – 128-bit addressing scheme,

practically unlimited addresses to connect every possible device

• End to End Communication – Useful from Security angle since every device on the network can be traced, not possible in IPv4 due to NAT (Network Address Translation)

• Improved Security using IPSec – Mandatory implementation in IPv6 ensures that all transmission is secured

• Support for 4G, NGN – IP is mandatory in 4G technologies like LTE and NGN implementations, so IPv6 is only option

• IP Mobility – Cellular telephony like features in IP networks is possible – new “Greenfield Applications” possible

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• Partition of the Internet - Absence of wide enough deployment of IPV6 will cause the partition of the Internet , some regions will deploy IPV6 and some will run on IPV4 using NATs

• Barriers to Innovation and New services - Application developers have to build increasingly complex central gateways to allow “NATted” clients to communicate with each other

• p2p applications• VoIP• Video Conferencing• Collaborative environment

However, each IPV6 device connected to the network is potentially a P2P device.

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Organizations• ICANN, IETF, RIRs, NRO

Different RIRs• Manage common IPV4 and IPV6 resources and services

• Distribution of IPV6 addresses- RIPE - 49%- APNIC - 24% (Asia – Pacific Region)- ARIN - 20%- LACNIC- AFRINIC

IETF • Develops standards and specifications

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Initiatives by Government

Various issues on IPv6 were deliberated at different levels in DoT, DIT,TRAI and

other Stakeholders during previous years based on which Telecom Commission in

2009 entrusted TEC for IPv6 related activities in addition to others

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IPv6 Activities of TEC

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• Training Programme with APNIC, Australia (25-26th Nov 2009, Mumbai)• MoU with the IPV6 Forum for IPv6 Activities in India• International Summit with IPv6 Forum (15-16th Dec 2009, New Delhi)• Appointment of Nodal Officers in Central & State Govt. Departments for

IPv6 Deployment

Sr No. Date Venue Theme

1 21st July 2009 New Delhi Migration from IPv4 to IPv6 in India

2 15th Sept 2009 Bangalore IPv6 Transition and Greenfield Applications in India

3 22nd October 2009

Chennai IPv6 as a New Platform for Innovation

4 27th Nov 2009 Mumbai IPv6: New opportunities for the Country

5 22nd Jan 2010 Kolkata IPv6 Migration Timeframe by Consensus or Mandate

These workshops were well attended by more than 1000 participants involving all telecom service providers, manufacturers, industry associations, industries, govt.

departments, educational institutions (IITs, IISc etc.)

• Workshops conducted by TEC

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Some Important Extracts from Workshops

• Suitable policy framework by Govt. for smooth Transition.

• Specific deadlines for Transition• Creation of IPv6 Task Force and working Groups• More Training and awareness activities • Guidance to SME service providers and organizations

on implementing IPv6• Govt. departments should take IP-based services from

only IPv6 ready ISPs after a certain period of time • Promoting Pilot projects in “Greenfield Applications”

Based on various IPv6 activities and discussions with stakeholders a need for a suitable policy was felt for timely implementation of IPv6 in

the country. Accordingly TEC has prepared the “National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap”, which has been approved by the

Government and has been released by Hon’ble MOC&IT in July 2010.

Actionable Points of “National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap”

1. All major Service providers (having at least 10,000 internet customers or STM-1 bandwidth) will target to handle IPv6 traffic and offer IPv6 services by December-2011.

2. All central and State government ministries and departments, including its PSUs, shall start using IPv6 services by March-2012.

3. Formation of the IPv6 Task Force with the proposed structure.

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IPv6 Task Force

The Task Force will broadly have the following units –

1.Working Groups ( 9 )

2.Steering Committee (1)

3.Oversight Committee (1)

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Functions of Different Working GroupsWG-1 (Training and Awareness for ~ 250,000 persons)•Hands-on trainings in association with APNIC, IISc and other organizations•IPv6 Certification programmes for qualified engineers•Trainings for nodal officers from government•Conducting Workshops, seminars and conferencesWG-2 (IPv6 Network Implementation)•Studying the different network scenarios and make action plans for individual service providers / organizations. WG-3 (IPv6 Standards and Specifications)•Coordinate with TEC for development of common IPv6 specifications for the country, which will be followed by all stakeholders.

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Functions of Different Working Groups

WG-4 (India6 Network)•To study, plan and prepare a project report for building a nationwide IPv6 Carrier Network called “Transition Pipe”, which will be entrusted to one of the operators

WG-5 (Experimental IPv6 Network)•Study, plan and prepare to build this network, which can then be used for experimentation by different vendors and organizations both from the public and the private sector.

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Functions of Different Working Groups

WG-6 (Pilot Projects on “Greenfield Applications”)•Prepare Plans, project reports, funding models and coordinate with different government and service providers to take up the deployment of such pilot projects to demonstrate the IPv6 capabilitiesWG-7 (Application Support)•Facilitate the transition of existing content and applications and development of new content and applications on IPv6.WG-8 (Knowledge Resource Development)• To ensure active participation of the educational institutes • Involved in the change of curriculum to include study of IPv6

as a subject.29

Functions of Different Working Groups

WG-9 (IPv6 Implementation in Government)

• Coordinate with different state Governments & central Government departments for implementation of IPv6

• Guidance on solving problems related to implementation of IPv6

• Members will be drawn from Experts in the field & nodal officers in various government departments for active participation

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Sr.No. Name of the Working Group Proposed Lead Service Provider / Organization

1. Training and Awareness WG

2. IPv6 Network Implementation WG

3. Standards and Specifications Working Group

4.. India6 Network WG

5. Experimental IPv6 Network WG

6. Pilot Project WG7. Applications support WG

8. Knowledge Resource Development Working Group

9. IPv6 Implementation in the Government Working Group

Proposed Lead Organizations for Working Groups

Note: Each working Group will be headed by a Lead Organization31

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Stakeholders in IPv6 Deployment– DoT/TEC– DIT (NIC, NIXI, ERNET etc.)– Different Government Departments (Central & State)– Industry Associations (COAI , AUSPI ,CMAI, TEMA, ISPAI

etc.)– All telecom and internet service providers– Cable TV Industry representatives– Educational Institutions (IITs, IISc, NIITs etc.)– IPv6 Forum, IPTV Forum etc.– Equipment Vendors– Content Providers– Software vendors

Proposed IPv6 Deployment Plan for

Government Departments

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The following activities are required to be carried out by the different government departments for migrating to IPv6 by March 2012-

•Policy development•Decision Making•Service Planning•Workforce Training•Decision on plan•Design and Technology verification•Equipment Selection•Equipment procurement and system building•Operation and maintenance System preparation•Launching of Services

IPv6 Deployment in Govt. Departments

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Suggested Activities to be taken up by Govt. Departments

Sr. No.

Activity Proposed Target Date

1. Appointment of State Nodal Officer 31.8.2010

2. Circulation of letters, guidelines, checklist etc. to all ministries / organizations / educational institutions / PSUs etc. and orders on appointment of departmental nodal officers to all Departments

15.9.2010

3. Appointment of Next level Departmental Nodal Officers 30.9.2010

4. Form a “State Transition Team” consisting of concerned officers & experts from stakeholders like service provider, vendors, software developers etc.) for giving technical advice and look into issues concerned with transition to IPv6

31.10.2010

5. Call a meeting of all ministries, organizations, educational institutions, PSUs etc. and discuss the following issues –a)Instructions issued by DoTb)Checklists issued by TECc)Annexure ‘A’ & ‘B’ of Roadmapd)Preparation of equipment reports

30.11.2010

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Suggested Activities to be taken up by Govt. Departments

Sr. No.

Activity Proposed Target Date

6. Reports preparations based on activities in Sr. No. 5 31.12.2010

7. Audit of Equipment Reports by other Agency 15.01.2011

8. Based on the Equipment Audit Reports, prepare an Equipment replacement plan to phase out non-compliant hardware and software. Assistance may be taken from “State Transition Team”

15.02.2011

9. Based on the replacement plan, prepare a procurement plan for different ministries / departments

15.03.2011

10.

Identify persons for IPv6 training and send them on training (Parallel Activity)

A continuous process

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Suggested Activities to be taken up by Govt. Departments

Sr. No. Activity Proposed Target Date

11. Float tenders for procurement of hardware and software as per the plans

15.04.2011

12. IPv6 Address Allocation Policy 30.06.2011

13. Set up a pilot test network either centrally or in each department for testing and training

31.07.2011

14. Equipment Procurement and deployment in the network

31.10.2011

15. Testing of hardware and software and migration of applications

28.02.2012

16. Launch of IPv6 Services 31.03.2012

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Preliminary Checklist for Migration from IPv4 to IPv6 in India (Annexure-A)

•Nodal officers to take up the creation of transition teams

•Auditing of Computers and Networking Equipments in the Organization

•Auditing of Operating Systems and Application software for IPv6 capabilities

•Ensure that all new equipment purchases will be IPv6 compliant

•Transition and procurement plan for phased replacement of non compliant hardware and software.

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•Preparation of transition plan in consultation with service providers

•Service providers giving internet and leased lines will be asked to provide IPv6 connectivity

•Setup pilot IPv6 network in the organization for training of staff and testing purpose also

•Application migration can begin with organization website to support IPv6

•.Deployment of IPv6 in Phases using technology for interoperability of IPv4 & IPv6 (Dual Stack, Tunelling, Translation)

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Logistics and Supply Chain Intelligent Transport System Rural Emergency Healthcare System Tele-medicine Tele-education Smartgrids Smart Buildings(Many more such applications are available)

Different Ministries, Government Departments and Organizations in Private Sector can come forward to Work on these and similar Pilot Projects.

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Rural Emergency Health Care

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Rural Healthcare in India – Statistics & Background

Prime Minister Manmohan Singh

"The Indian health system is perhaps guilty of many sins of omissions and commissions, We have grievously erred in many of our health

program. We have paid inadequate attention to public health”

1990 – 1.3% of GDP

1999 – 0.9% of GDP

Union Budget for Health

State Budget for Health

Contribution to Public Health

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Central Co-ordination Contact Center

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Rural Emergency Healthcare – Current Process

Public Switching Telephone Network (PSTN)

Doctor

Dial 108

Dispatch Officers (DO)

Caller in distress

Ambulances located at strategic places in districts

Ambulancesnearest to callerlocated and guidedto destination

Doctor at Contact

Center and Nurse in

Ambulance co-ordinate

over phone about

patient care

Deficiencies in Today’s – Rural Emergency Healthcare scenario(Communication only by Phone)

•Vital sign information sent on phone - Blood pressure, ECG, Temperature .. Etc.

•Doctor lacks the ability to see the patient’s visual condition

•Doctor provides Offline Healthcare on phone

•Ambulances manually called and guided over phone to destination

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IPv6 simplifies and enhances Rural Emergency Healthcare

IPv6 Backbone

Dial 108

Caller in distress

Ambulances located at strategic places in districts

Benefits – IPv6 Rural Emergency Healthcare scenario

Real Time Patient Vital sign information collected by Bio Sensors– Blood pressure, ECG, Temperature .. Etc,

Patient’s condition is seen in real time Video by Doctor - More effective diagnosis and advice

D.O. locates nearest Ambulance - using GPS Driver reaches destination faster via GPS

Wi-MaxWi-Max

3G3G

Bio-sensors help collect

Vital sign info which istransmitted in real-

timehelping doctor provide

effective healthcare

GPS helps Locate

Ambulance, guides

Ambulance driver

To destinationCentral Co-ordination Contact Center

IPv6 Technologies – Rural Emergency Healthcare•Bio-Sensors•IPv6 based Real-time Vital signs data transfer

•Seamless Video-Conference•Automatic Vehicular Location System

Power Generation and Distribution

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Indian Electricity Scenario

Power Supply Position (MW)

Demand Supplied Shortage %

2005-06 93255 81792 12.3%

2006-07 100715 86818 13.8%

2007-08 108866 90793 16.6%

2008-09 109809 96685 12%

AT&C (Aggregate Technical & Commercial Losses) ~ 33%

Objectives - APDRP (Accelerated Power Development and Reform Programme

of the GoI – Funded through PFC)

Sustained Loss Reduction

Reliable and Automated systems for collection of accurate Base Line Data

Adopting IT for energy accounting

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Today’s Scenario

Electricity grid is “DUMB"

Workers have to walk from house to house to read the electricity

meter

Utilities have no clue of power outage until customers call to

complain. Tomorrow’s Scenario ?The electricity grid is “SMART” enough for –

Remote collection of data – fully sensor based network

Automatic load balancing, DSM and transfer of power from one region

to another

Automatic detection of outages

Flexible metering

What will make it possible ? IPv651

Smartgrid Schematic

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Bidirectional, Intelligent Network

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Using IPv6 for Smart grid Services

Advanced Metering Infrastructure

Automatic meter Reading using sensors

Business Analysis Analyze usage data to make decisions

Energy Management Services Grid monitoring and management

Demand Side management Remote management of energy demand, Load balancing

Distribution automation Optimize performance of Transmission and Distribution assets

Remote equipment Monitoring Ease of fault detection, maintenance

Telecommunications Can be provided as a service using the power line infrastructure

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IPv6 in Railways

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IPv6 in RailwaysHow can Railways benefit from IPv6 deployment ?

Railways handles India’s largest supply chain consisting of wagons, bogies, engines, processing centers, point of sale

terminals , millions of parcel objects each day

IPv6

Addressability

Scalable Internet Platform

Connectivity

Service Automation

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Vision for Railways / Railtel

Highly optimized supply chain based on IP technology (IPv6)

Very large scale telemetry and sensor network enhancing railway safety (enabled by IPv6)

Railtel as an ISP (Broadband subscribers on IPv6)

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Questions&

Queries

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THANKS

www.tec.gov.in

R. M. AGARWAL Deputy Director General (SA)

Telecommunication Engineering Centre

E-mail : ddgsa.tec@gov.in

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