70 Cities Named After Alexander; 50 Named Alexandria
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Transcript of 70 Cities Named After Alexander; 50 Named Alexandria
70 Cities Named After Alexander; 50 Named Alexandria
Section 5The Spread of Hellenistic Culture
Conquered cities adopted Greek customs
Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria
Greek = Hellenic Blending of cultures became known as
Hellenistic culture Koine (koy NAY) meaning common, a Greek
dialect, became the language spoken
Trade and Cultural Diversity
Alexandria became the center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization
Alexandria’s Attractions Everyone admired its
beauty Most well known for its
museum and library
Astronomy Aristarchus made two
conclusions1. Sun at least 300
x’s bigger than the Earth
It was thought the sun was smaller than Greece
2. Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun
This wasn’t accepted because Ptolemy put the earth at the center of the solar system
Astronomy Cont.d’
Eratosthenes estimated the Earth’s true size
Eratosthenes Measurement of the Size
of the Earth
Mathematics and Physics Euclid: mathematician
who wrote Elements Basis for geometry
Mathematics and Physics Cont.d’
Archimedes Studied value of pi Ratio of the
circumference of a circle to its diameter
Invented the Archimedes screw
Philosophy and Art• Philosophers became concerned with
how people should live their lives.• Stoicism and Epicureanism develop
Stoicism Founder Zeno Believed people should
live virtuous lives in harmony with the will of God or the natural laws that God established to run the universe
Human desires, power and wealth were dangerous distractions that should be checked.
Promoted social unity and encouraged followers to focus on what they could control
Epicureanism Founder Epicurus God had no interest in
humans. Humans ruled the universe
Only real objects were those that the five senses perceived
Greatest good and highest pleasure came from virtuous conduct and the absence of pain
Main goal: harmony of body and mind
Today it means a person devoted to pursuing human pleasures, especially the enjoyment of good food
Realism in Sculpture Largest sculpture
created on the island of Rhodes
Colossus of Rhodes
Realism in Sculpture Continued
Nike of Samothrace Hellenistic sculptor,
more realistic 150 B.C. Hellenistic
world declining Rome was growing