70-413: Designing and Implementing a Server …€¦ · 70-413: Designing and Implementing a Server...
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70-413: Designing and Implementing a Server Infrastructure Course 01 - Server Infrastructure - Upgrade and Migration
Transcript of 70-413: Designing and Implementing a Server …€¦ · 70-413: Designing and Implementing a Server...
70-413: Designing and Implementing
a Server Infrastructure
Course 01 - Server Infrastructure -
Upgrade and Migration
Slide 1
Course 01
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Slide 2
Choose the appropriate edition
Choose between migration or in-place upgrade
Analyze current infrastructure
Plan installation procedures
Plan for monitoring
Plan for backup and restore
Plan for maintenance
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Slide 3
Standard
o All roles and features available within Windows Server 2012
o Supports up to 64 sockets
o Supports up to 4 TB of memory
o Includes 2 virtual machine licenses
Data Center
o All roles and features available on Windows Server 2012
o Supports up to 64 socket
o Supports up to 640 processor cores
o Supports 4 TB of RAM
o Unlimited virtual machine that licenses for any virtual machine run on the same hardware
Foundation
o Allows a maximum of 15 users
o Supports 1 processor core
o Supports up to 32 GB RAM
o Includes limited server roles
Essentials
o Equivalent to small business server
o Does NOT support the following roles:
• Hyper-V server
• Failover Clustering server
• Server Core
• Remote Desktop Services server
o Up to 25 users
o Supports up to 50 devices
o Supports 2 processor cores
o Supports 64 GB of RAM
o Must be a root server in the domain
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Slide 4
Windows Server 2012 Data Center vs. Windows Server 2012 Standardo The choice between these 2 versions is based on virtualization
requirements
Windows Server 2012 Essentialso Best for corporations with:
o Less than 25 userso No virtualization requirements
o No need for Server Core
Windows Server 2012 Foundationo Best for the smallest organizations:
o No active directory requirementso Fewer than 15 users
o Offered through OEM programs
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Slide 5
Component Requirement
Processor Architecture X64
Processor Speed 1.4 GHz
Memory 512 MB
Hard Disk Space 32 GB
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Slide 6
Windows Server 2003 X64
Windows Server 2008 SP2
Windows Server 2008 R2
Same processor architecture required
Same or higher Edition
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Slide 7
Upgrades preserve file settings and applications from the original server
An upgrade is done to keep these items
Start your upgrade by running the setup.exe
Existing servers must meet hardware requirements
Software must support in-place upgrade
You need to keep existing roles and features in settings
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Slide 8
Migrate from X86 or X64 version of Windows Server
Windows Server Migration Tools feature is availableo Use when migrating from an x86 version
o Windows Server 2003
o Windows Server 2003 R2
o Windows Server 2008
o Windows Server 2008 R2
Software product migration is done in a separate environment
Server roles, features and settings migrations are done in a separate environment
Best when you’re new deployment does not affect current IT infrastructure
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Slide 9
WSUS
Print and Document Services
Hyper-V
AD FS Role Services
Network Policy Server
RemoteAccess
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj134039
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Slide 10
Plan for roles that do not affect performance or disk usage of the server when combined
Ensure the co-hosting of roles is supported
Be aware of high-availability configurations that it may have specific requirements
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Slide 11
IT infrastructure inventory
Reports for planning
Performance statistics of current infrastructure
To virtualize: physical to virtual
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Slide 12
Application Compatibility Toolkit
Deployment Tools
o DISM
o Windows System Image Manager (SIM)
o BCD Boot
Windows PE
USMT
VAMT
Windows Performance Toolkit
Windows Assessment Toolkit
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/hh825486.aspx
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Slide 13
Every copy must be licensed and activated
License keys are during installation
Activation is after installation
o No longer a grace period
o No operating system customization without activation
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Slide 14
Manual activationo Small number of serverso Product key manually enteredo Retail product key or multiple activation key (MAK)o OEM keys special type of key provided to a manufacturero OEM keys are activated the 1st time it’s turned on
Automatic activationo Larger number of servers managed by the Volume Activation Services
server role• Manages a KMS server through a new interface
• Simplifies installing KMS keys
o Volume Activation Management Tool• Generates license reports
• Manages client and server activation
• Best on networks that are not connected directly to the Internet
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Slide 15
Deploy physically
o If software puts hardware under resource pressure
o If server role requires exclusive access to hardware resources
Deploy virtually
o Software uses minimal hardware resources
o Server can be migrated to another host
o Servers configured for high-availability
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Slide 16
Read technical information first!
Use testing environment
Migrate or convert to a virtual environment
Monitor performance in old and new environment
Pay attention to application best practices
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Slide 17
Windows Server 2012 Standard Total Number of Virtual Machines
1 2
2 4
3 6
Windows Server 2012 Data Center Edition
Total Number of Virtual Machines
1 unlimited
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Slide 18
Management monitoring
Backup and restore
Memory
Processors
Network
Storage
High-availability
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Slide 19
Choose the server workloads to virtualize
o Needs for specialized architecture
Evaluate hardware needs:o CPU usage: biggest constraint
• Multiple virtual machines can consume large amounts of CPU processing
o Memory requirements
• Very expensive to provision
• Often most critical resource
o I/O traffic
• Disk usage much higher with multiple virtual machines
• Sometimes make virtualization impractical
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Slide 20
Hyper-Vo Hardware virtualizationo Provides virtual machines with direct access to host hardwareo Installed as a role
Microsoft system Center 2012 Virtual Machine Manager (VMM)o Use templates for common configurationso Can create virtual machines self-service portals
Microsoft Enterprise Desktop Virtualization (MED-V)o Centrally managed form of client hosted virtualizationo Administrators deploy and manage virtual machines running on clientso Allows applications that are compatible with previous versions of Windows to be
published
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)o Desktop virtualizationo Virtual machines hosted centrally
Presentation Virtualizationo Each user is assigned their own virtual machineo Users sign into their own sessiono Provided by Remote Desktop Services server role
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Slide 21
Do not use differencing VHDs
o Too easy to revert to previous versions
o Decreases performance
Do not use copies of the VHD files from a deployed Domain
Controller
o Will create USN rollbacks
Do not use Hyper-V export feature for Domain Controller
Do not use Hyper-V snapshots on a Domain Controller
Disable time sync with the host server within virtual machine integration features (clear checkbox)
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Slide 22
Create DcCloneConfig.xml
file
Store it in the AD DS database
location
C:\windows\NTDS
Take virtual domain controller off-line
Export virtual domain controller
Create new virtual machine by
importing virtual domain controller
Promote to unique domain controller
Cloned domain controllers automatically run sysprep based on settings in DefaultDCCloneAllowList.xml
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Slide 23
Virtual hard disk using the file format to represent a traditional hard drive
Can be mounted into the file system of the physical computer, Windows 7/Windows Server 2008 or newer
Used by virtual machines
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Slide 24
Better performance
Use of logging for protection
Support for larger virtual hard drives (64 TB)
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Slide 25
Windows Imaging Format (WIM)
High touch retail media deployments
High touch standard image deployments
Lite touch high-volume deployments
Zero touch high-volume deployments
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Slide 26
A single WIM file can address many hardware configurations
WIM files can be serviced while the computer is off-line
Image can be installed on a smaller partition
When you apply the image it does not delete the volume contents
Works with Windows PEo WIM files are loaded into a RAM disk and one directly from memory
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Slide 27
• Memory location of key resources (metadata resource, lookup table, XML data)
• Contains file attributes (version, size, and compression type)WIM Header
• Captured dataFile Resource
• Memory location of resource filesLookup Table
• How capture is organized
• File structure and file attributes
• 1 metadata resource for each image in the WIM fileMetadata Resource
• Additional data about the image: directory and file counts, creation or modification times, description, total bytesXML Data
• Security hash information to verify integrity of the image
• Created when we use/check during ImageX capture operationIntegrity Table
WIM file structure
contains 6 types of
resources
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Slide 28
Small deployments
Automation through Windows Setup program
o Hard drive partitions
o Driver installation
o Application installation
o Configuration
o Applying updates
o Adding roles and features
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Slide 29
Create or modify unattend.XML using Windows SIM
Copy unattend.XML to removable media
Attach removable media to the computer
Attach retail media to the computer
Complete the deployment
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Slide 30
Similar to high touch with a retail media
Create a server image from a reference computer
Standard server image includes:
o Applications
o Settings
Requirements
o Windows Server 2012 retail or volume license media
o Windows ADK
o Removable storage device
o Reference computer
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Slide 31
1. Setup source machinea) Install operating system
b) Best to do from answer file to make it consistent
2. Install applications
3. Install drivers
4. Configure settings
5. Apply updates
6. Run Sysprep
7. Boot the computer into Windows PE
8. Capture the image using ImageX
9. Prepare the installation mediaa) Create an answer file
b) Create new installation media by replacing install.WIM with the file you captured
10. Activate the machines after deployment
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Slide 32
Limited manual intervention
Requirements
o MDT 2012
o Windows ADK
o Windows Deployment Services
o Pre-boot Execution Environment (PXE)
o 1 volume license media
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Slide 33
Complete end-to-end deployment of operating systems
Requires DNS and DHCP
Provides low support cost
Use Configuration Manager 2012 with MDT 2012 update 1
Create tasks sequences to accomplish the followingo Providing input about which custom image file needs to be used
o Provides options to choose which boot.WIM image
o Options for device driver packages
o Option to install updates
o Options to install additional applications
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Slide 34
Select the deployment scenario
Select deployment method
Verify required infrastructure
Determine processing rules (MDT or Configuration Manager)
Plan out monitoring
Training of team members
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Slide 35
User input is limited or not required at all during software installation
Streamlined deployments
Consistency across deployments
Lower total cost of ownership
Automatic deployment technologies available:o Windows ADK
o MDT
o Windows DS
o ACT
o Configuration Manager
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Slide 36
Thicko Everything is contained inside the image
• Operating system | Applications | All updates
o Good and standardized environmentso Sysprep is run after the images createdo Images are more difficult to maintaino Least amount of flexibility
Thino Only the Operating Systemo Images kept smallo More flexible deploymento More complex | applications require additional time
Hybrido Combined thick and thin strategieso Most commonly used by organizations
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Slide 37
DistributionImage
StorageTestPlan
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Slide 38
New machine
Side-by-side
In-place migration
Pre-staged media
Off-line deployment with removable media
Wipe and load
PXE boot
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Slide 39
Windows setup command line options (setup.exe)
o Creates and manages unattended answer files
Answer file
Catalogo All available components and packages that can be used as part of an
unattended answer file
o Modified with Windows SIM
Windows ADK
o Windows PE images for customized deployments (Windows Server 2012, Windows 8)
o ImageX is tool used within Windows ADK
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Slide 40
Capture apply images
View contents of WIM file
Maintain images
Store multiple images in a single WIM file
Compress image files
Create scripts for image creation
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Slide 41
Command line tool used for servicing Windows imageso Unattended installation answer file
• When the answer file is applied, the updates that are specified in the answer file are implemented on the Windows image
• The unattended answer file can also be applied to the running operating system
• Windows default settings, drivers, packages, software updates, or other applications
o Windows SIM• Used by DISM to create unattended answer files
• Creates distribution shares
• Modify files in a configuration set
o ImageX
• Command line tool to mount or apply an image
o Ocsetup
• Command-line tool for applying updates to an online Windows image
• Installs the removes Component-Based Servicing (CBS)
• Can install Microsoft System Installer (.MSI) by calling the MSIexec.exe service
• Can be used with packages that have custom installers
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Slide 42
Tools and documentation for Windows Deployments
Installed in C:\program files\Windows AIK
o Windows AIK users guide
o Imaging APIs for Windows
o Windows PE user guide
o Component platform interface reference
o Windows unattended setup reference
o Step-by-step guide for basic Windows Deployment
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Slide 43
Windows SIM
ImageX
DISM
Windows PE
User State Migration Tool (USMT)
Volume Activation Management Tool (VMAT)
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Slide 44
Special-purpose Windows operating system
Preps and initiates a computer for Windows operating system setup
Used for imaging tasks
Recovering Windows 8 operating system
Not a general purpose operating system
Use it to start a computer that has no functioning operating
system
A replacement for the MS-DOS-based boot disks
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Slide 45
Uses PXE over the network for a rapid Windows deployment
Lite touch installations
Zero touch installations
Can be combined with MDT to customize installations and images
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Slide 46
• PXE server
• TFTP to install and retrieve OS
• Shared folder for images
Server
• Runs Windows PE
• Communicates of server and installs operating system
Client
• Server management
• Driver groups
• Client computer accounts
• Operating system images
• Bootable images
Management
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Slide 47
Standalone server mode
Expected Deployment Results Wizard
Performance improvements with TFTP
VHDx file supporto Larger storage capacity
o Data corruption protection
o Enhanced multicast
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Slide 48
Supports device drivers, updates, applications
Updating or modifying images is simplified
End-to-end guidance
o Planning | building | deploying
Used in multiple deployment typeso Lite touch installations Managing the deployment shares and
images
o Zero touch installations Task sequences
o User driven installations UDI wizard designer
• Customize wizard pages for different deployment scenarios
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Slide 49
Zero touch installations
Deployment scenarioso Operating system installation
o Operating system refresh
o In-place upgrade
o Side-by-side migration
Componentso Management point
o PXE
o Distribution points
o Boot media
o State migration point
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Slide 50
Package or Image Contains
Boot Image Package Boot image for ZTI deployments
Microsoft Deployment Files Package Contents of Microsoft deployment distribution shared directory(Scripts and control files)
Windows 7 Operating System Image Operating system image to be deployed to the target
Client Package Configuration Manager client installation
files
User State Migration Tool (USMT) USMT files used to capture and restore
the user state
Custom Settings Package Unattended files, Customsettings.ini
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Slide 51
Package or Image Contains
Sysprep Files Package Sysprep files defined for a package specifically. This is only needed for legacy operating systems like Windows XP.
Application Packages Options that allow for customize deployments with different installations of applications.
Driver Packages Import drivers into the distribution point of Configuration Manager. This allows for plug-and-play drivers from the catalog.You can also create a dedicated custom driver package.
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Review Questions:
1. True or False: When choosing the appropriate Windows Server 2012 edition, the
number of users that connect to the server is usually the first consideration.
A. True
B. False
2. True or False: Windows Server 2012 Essentials is best for corporations with
under 50 users.
A. True
B. False
3. True or False: Windows Server 2012 needs a minimum of 512 MB of memory to
run.
A. True
B. False
4. In order to upgrade Windows Server 2012, which of the following would you run?
A. Setup.exe
B. Setup.MSI
C. Upgrade.exe
D. WinNTup.exe
5. Which of the following Windows Server versions are supported with the server
migration tools?
A. Windows Server 2003
B. Windows Server 2003 R2
C. Windows Server 2008
D. All of the above
6. True or False: The WSUS role cannot be migrated onto the Server 2012
platform.
A. True
B. False
7. True or False: The MAP toolkit allows you to do an IT infrastructure inventory.
A. True
B. False
8. True or False: When you’re installing Windows Server 2012, you have a 30 day
grace period to enter in your license key.
A. True
B. False
9. True or False: The volume activation management tool will generate license
reports, as well as manage clients and server activation.
A. True
B. False
10. How many Hyper-V licenses come with Windows Server 2012 Standard edition?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 8
Answer Key:
1. A
True. Because many editions limit the number of users that can be connected,
this is typically one of the first considerations.
2. B
False. Windows Server 2012 Essentials is best for less than 25 users.
3. A
True. Although not recommended, you can run Windows Server 2012 with a
minimum of 512 MB of memory.
4. A
Setup.exe is used, whether doing a clean install or upgrade.
5. D
You can use the migration tools when migrating from any x86 version, 2003,
2003 R2, 2008 and above.
6. B
False. The WSUS role can be migrated, as well as many other roles like Print
and Document Services, Hyper-V, DFS Role Services, and the Network Policy
Server.
7. A
True. The MAP toolkit allows you to do an IT infrastructure inventory, as well as
supply you with many reports for planning.
8. B
False. There is no longer a grace period, every copy must be licensed and
activated during installation.
9. A
True. The volume activation management tool does generate license reports, as
well as manage activations. It is best to be used on a network that is not directly
connected to the Internet.
10. B
Windows Server 2012 Standard comes with 2 virtual machine licenses.
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