7th Grade Science Final Exam Name ___________________________________ Per. _____ Bubble in each answer choice on the answer sheet provided.

1. A __________ is a testable prediction. A. Experiment C. Theory B. Hypothesis D. Law

2. Which of the following organisms is a vertebrate?

A. Ant C. Earthworm B. Lobster D. Bird

3. Which type of organism could the cell to the right be

from? A. Maple tree B. Algae C. Human D. E. coli

4. What is the process by which green plants use energy from the sun to produce food?

A. Photosynthesis C. Chlorophyll B. Cellular respiration D. Transpiration

5. The diagram shows four different examples of bird feet. Which one displays an example of an

adaptation best used for swimming?

6. Which of the following is TRUE about members of the same species?

A. They all look identical. B. They belong to a different genus. C. They are able to breed together and produce fertile offspring. D. Their body structures are very different.

7. The unicellular organisms to the right are from the

kingdom: A. Animalia B. Plantae C. Fungi D. Protista

A. B. C. D.

D. C. B. A.

8. The drawing below shows a plant cell. Where does the plant cell store its genetic material?

9. Which of the following are products of photosynthesis?

A. Sugar and oxygen C. Chlorophyll and sugar B. Carbon dioxide and water D. Carbon dioxide and oxygen

10. The process that occurs when the male and female sex cells unite is called:

A. Ovulation C. Fertilization B. Asexual reproduction D. Mutation

11. The diagram on the right shows the process of a single cell dividing into

two identical daughter cells. This process is called: A. Osmosis B. Mitosis C. Fertilization D. Diffusion

12. Cells are to tissues as tissues are to:

A. Microbes C. Bacteria B. Systems D. Organs

13. What essential life process takes place in the organelle shown on

the right? A. Photosynthesis B. Diffusion C. Sexual reproduction D. Cellular respiration

14. A new variety of tomatoes is produced by inserting gene segments from another organism into the

DNA of the tomato plant. This process is known as: A. Genetic engineering C. Natural selection B. Budding D. Sexual reproduction

G = Dominant gene (green pods) g = Recessive gene (yellow pods)

15. Feathers, wings, and hollow bones in birds are examples of: A. Adaptations for flight C. Unnecessary body parts B. Responses to stimuli D. Reproductive structures

Use the Punnett square and information provided to answer questions 16 - 18.

16. In the cross above, what percentage of the offspring would have yellow pods? A. 25% C. 75% B. 50% D. 100%

17. In the cross above, what percentage of the offspring is purebred (homozygous)?

A. 25% C. 75% B. 50% D. 100%

18. In the cross above, what percentage of the possible offspring has the same genotype as the parents?

A. 25% C. 75% B. 50% D. 100%

19. Asexual reproduction (ex. budding or binary fission) produces offspring that are:

A. Formed by two parents C. Different from each other B. Different from the parent D. Identical to each other and the parent

20. __________ are the basic building block of all living things.

A. Organisms C. Cells B. Tissues D. Organ systems

21. What are two structures found in BOTH plant and animal cells?

A. Nucleus and mitochondria C. Cell Wall and mitochondria B. Chloroplasts and nucleus D. Nucleus and cell wall

22. A change in the sequence of bases in DNA is called a:

A. Recombination C. Allele B. Mitosis D. Mutation

23. The picture to the right shows two organisms - a turtle and a frog.

Which phrase best describes the classification of these two organisms? A. Same kingdom, same species B. Same kingdom, different species C. Different kingdom, same species D. Different kingdom, different species

24. Characteristics from one generation are passed on to the next generation based on the transfer of: A. Acquired characteristics C. Blood B. DNA D. Need

25. Darwin’s theory of evolution is based on the idea(s) of:

A. Genetic variation and natural selection B. Use and disuse C. A tendency toward perfect, unchanging species D. The transmission of acquired characteristics

26. What is the total magnification of a microscope with a 10x ocular lens and a 10x objective lens?

A. 10x C. 45x B. 20x D. 100x

27. Compared to the amount of chromosomes in a human body cell, how many chromosomes are found in a human sex cell? A. ¼ the amount C. The same amount B. ½ the amount D. 2x the amount

28. When lions prey on a herd of antelopes, some antelopes are caught and killed, and others have traits

that allow them to escape. Which part of Darwin’s concept of natural selection might be used to describe this situation? A. Acquired characteristics C. Survival of the fittest B. Reproductive isolation D. Descent with modification

29. In addition to sunlight and chlorophyll, what are the two materials that a plant needs to complete

the process of photosynthesis? A. Water and carbon dioxide C. Carbon dioxide and oxygen B. Glucose and oxygen D. Water and oxygen

30. Darwin’s theory of evolution suggests that:

A. Species change over time B. Extinct species are not related to living species C. Different species can interbreed D. Animals that look alike are the most closely related

31. Eric is cooking eggs on a stove. He accidentally touches the hot frying pan, and quickly pulls his hand

away. Which characteristic of living things is this incident an example of? A. Response to a stimulus B. Living things require energy C. Natural selection D. Ability to move

32. Autotrophs might survive when heterotrophs cannot, because all autotrophs are able to:

A. Reproduce asexually C. Exist without respiration B. Become dormant D. Make their own food

B = Brown allele (dominant gene) b = White allele (recessive gene)

Base your answers to questions 33 & 34 on the diagram below. The diagram shows the offspring of a white mouse crossed with a brown mouse. All of the offspring are brown. *Completing a Punnett square may help you to answer the questions.

33. Which of the following is the most probable genotype combination for the parents shown in the diagram? A. BB x BB C. bb x bb B. bb x BB D. Bb x Bb

34. If two heterozygous brown mice (Bb) mated, what percent of the offspring would have pure white

fur? A. 25% C. 75% B. 50% D. 100%

35. Which of the following Punnett squares correctly represents the cross of a purebred tall (TT) pea plant

with a hybrid tall (Tt) pea plant?

Base your answers to questions 36 – 38 on your answer choice in question 35.

36. What percentage of the pea plant offspring will be tall? A. 25% C. 75% B. 50% D. 100%

37. What is the dominant trait? A. Tall plants B. Short plants

38. What percentage of the offspring will be purebred (homozygous)?

A. 25% C. 75% B. 50% D. 100%

39. Which process is a cause of variation in a species?

A. Metamorphosis C. Sexual reproduction B. Cellular respiration D. Regulation

X Parents

Offspring

T

T

t

t

Tt

Tt

Tt

Tt

T

T

T t

TT

TT

TT

TT

T

T

T t

TT

Tt

TT

Tt

T

T

t

t

TT

Tt

TT

Tt

A. B. C. D.

40. Typhoid fever, a disease that causes headaches, digestive upset, and a high fever, is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. Typhoid can be spread from person to person by contaminated water or food, or by a lack of cleanliness. Since the 19th century, the number of individuals infected with this disease has decreased. Which statement best explains why the number of people with this disease and other bacterial diseases has decreased over the last 100 years? A. Scientists have genetically modified most humans so they are resistant to bacterial infections. B. The discovery of antibiotics has given doctors the ability to cure most bacterial diseases. C. Typhoid fever, like most other bacterial diseases, is often caused by a virus. D. Members of the Eubacteria kingdom are almost extinct.

41. The transfer of a segment of DNA from one

organism into the DNA of another organism (shown on the right) is called: A. Selective breeding B. Genetic engineering C. Natural selection D. Internal fertilization

42. The diagram below represents a yeast cell budding during asexual reproduction.

Which of the following is true about this type of reproduction? A. Egg and sperm cells unite to produce a zygote. B. The process requires two parents. C. The offspring will only have half the number of chromosomes found in the parent cell. D. The offspring will be genetically identical to the parent.

43. The average daily air temperature at a certain location increases when there is a seasonal increase in

the number of daylight hours. Which graph best shows this change?

A. B. C. D.

Base your answers to questions 44 - 47 on the information and graphs below. Some species of bacteria are harmful. Antibiotics are prescribed by doctors to kill bacteria. Some bacteria are resistant to antibiotics, and are not killed when treated. Over time, the resistant bacteria can reproduce and create populations that are not effected by antibiotics. The graphs below show the results of a controlled experiment that measured the population of one species of bacteria that had been grown in four containers under identical conditions. Different antibiotics were added to three of the four containers.

44. Which of the following may have been the hypothesis being tested by this experiment? A. If bacteria are treated with antibiotics, then they will decrease in number (die off). B. Antibiotics kill viruses. C. All types of bacteria are gross. D. Antibiotic resistance is caused by poor hygiene.

45. The control group in this experiment is the container treated with:

A. Antibiotic A C. Antibiotic C B. Antibiotic B D. No antibiotic added

46. Which of the following correctly indicates the relationship between the independent and dependent

variables in this experiment? A. The number of days was affected by the number of bacteria. B. The number of bacteria was affected by the type of antibiotic treatment. C. The antibiotic treatments were affected by the number of days. D. The number of bacteria was not affected.

47. Which conclusion about this species of bacteria is best supported by the information in the graphs?

A. Antibiotic A continuously slowed the growth of bacteria. B. Antibiotic B was most effective in decreasing bacterial growth. C. Antibiotic C was most effective in decreasing bacterial growth. D. Antibiotics A and B slowed bacterial growth.

48. The diagram represents a chromosome as seen during mitosis. The segment of DNA

indicated by the letter A is known as: A. A gene C. An enzyme B. A gamete D. An amino acid

49. In multicellular organisms, cells are organized so that the organism can carry out life functions. The diagram below represents the five levels of organization. Two levels are labeled: cell and organism. Which of the following completes the diagram correctly?

Base your answers to questions 50 - 52 on the chart below and on your knowledge of science. The chart shows the levels of classification for five different organisms.

50. Which of the following is the most general level of classification shown for the E. coli bacteria?

A. coli C. Enterobacteriales B. Escherichia D. Eubacteria

51. Which two organisms in the chart are most closely related by level of classification?

A. Orange Day Lily and White Button Mushroom C. E. coli Bacteria and Wolf Spider B. White Button Mushroom and E. coli D. Domestic Dog and Wolf Spider

52. Which organism in the chart is considered a decomposer?

A. White Button Mushroom C. Wolf Spider B. Orange Day Lily D. Domestic Dog

53. The diagram to the right shows a magnified view of a cross section of a plant root tip. Four parts of the root and the process that each performs are shown. Which process is directly responsible for root growth in plants? A. Storage B. Absorption C. Transportation D. Cell division

Base your answers to questions 54 - 56 on the bird head diagrams below and the dichotomous key that follows. The birds are labeled A, B, C, and D.

54. Based on the dichotomous key, which bird is a Baird’s sparrow? A. Bird A C. Bird C B. Bird B D. Bird D

55. Which characteristic could best be used to distinguish between birds B and C? A. Beak shape C. Stripe on head B. Beak Length D. Shape of eye

56. Based on the dichotomous key, what species of bird is Bird C?

A. Dunlin C. Black Skimmer B. Osprey D. Bald Eagle

57. The diagram below represents a species of beetle (ladybug) with two different body colors labeled A and B. These beetles live on trees and are eaten by birds. The percentage of each body color in the population of this species is indicated. The habitat of this beetle population is a group of trees with light-colored bark. Based on the information provided and your knowledge of Darwin’s theory of evolution, which of the following is a valid explanation for the higher percentage of beetles with body color A? A. Beetles with body color A must lighten their exoskeletons

in order to survive in their environment. B. Beetles with body color B eat beetles with body color A. C. Beetles with the genetic trait of body color A are better fit to survive in their environment, and

pass the trait to their offspring. D. Birds are able to spot the beetles with body color A more easily and eat larger numbers of the

light colored beetles.

58. Abnormal cell division may result in: A. Disease prevention C. Metamorphosis B. Tissue repair D. Cancer

59. The graph below represents the relationship between the amount of spring rainfall recorded at a

pond and the number of frogs in that pond. The data were collected over five spring seasons.

What is the difference between the number of frogs in the pond when the rainfall was 5 cm and when the rainfall was 20 cm? A. 20 C. 50 B. 40 D. 60

Base your answers to questions 60 and 61 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows how modern types of flowers developed from early types of flowers over the last 75 million years.

60. What is the most likely reason why these early flowers gradually changed to many different types of flowers over time? A. The flowers’ traits were genetically engineered. B. The environments of the flowers stayed the same. C. The genetic material of the flowers stayed the same. D. The flowers adapted to changing environmental conditions.

61. Which process is represented in this diagram?

A. Evolution C. Selective breeding B. Photosynthesis D. Ecological succession

Base your answers to questions 62 and 63 on the diagram of a green plant to the right and on your knowledge of science. Four parts of the plant are labeled A, B, C, and D.

62. Which part of the plant is directly involved in sexual reproduction? A. A C. C B. B D. D

63. In which part of the plant does most photosynthesis occur?

A. A C. C B. B D. D

64. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living things? A. Composed of cells C. Reproduce offspring B. Able to move D. Have DNA

65. The diagram on the right shows several organisms in a fish

tank.

Which item in the tank produces oxygen? A. Plant C. Snail B. Water D. Rock

66. The diagram below shows a population of adult giraffes over time. Letters A, B, and C represent three time periods.

Which process does this diagram best represent? A. Ecological succession C. Natural selection B. Genetic engineering D. Asexual reproduction

Base your answers to questions 67 and 68 on the graph to the right, which shows the average number of Calories needed each day by young people.

67. How many more average daily Calories are needed by a 17-year-old male than by a 17-year-old female? A. 300 C. 2700 B. 500 D. 3000

68. Which statement is supported by the graph? A. At age 9, a female needs the same daily Calories as a male. B. At age 14, a female needs more daily Calories than a male. C. An 11-year-old child needs twice as many daily Calories as a 6-year-old child. D. An 8-year-old female needs fewer daily Calories than a 5-year-old male.

Base your answers to questions 69 - 71 on the diagram and table below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows a lab dish containing organisms collected at the edge of a forest.

69. How many of the organisms in the lab dish are insects? A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 5

70. Over time, these organisms have evolved from a common ancestor. Which process best explains why

they now have different characteristics? A. Extinction B. Metabolism C. Asexual reproduction D. Natural selection

71. In all of these organisms, which building blocks of life carry out the major life functions?

A. Chloroplasts C. Wings B. Cells D. Antennae

72. Which process releases energy (ATP) from digested food?

A. Photosynthesis B. Cellular respiration C. Vitamin production D. Fertilization

73. A single human body cell typically contains thousands of:

A. Genes C. Chloroplasts B. Nuclei D. Bacteria

74. Which of the organisms shown on the right is

unicellular? A. Pine tree B. Amoeba C. Mushroom D. Earthworm

75. A student is trying to determine if a certain beetle will help control the population of a harmful plant

species. Which sequence of steps would be best suited for this investigation?

A. C.

B. D.