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What is an Organism?

An organism is generally referred to any livingthing. More specifically any thing that has

cells. This includes the smallest of organisms,the single celled bacteria, all the way to the

largest redwood tree or Blue Whale.

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In the following few slides, you will find14 different organisms, each of them labeledwith a letter. In your groups, write down

two main classification (example red/green).Then place the corresponding letters underthe correct classification.

The Classification Game!!

Divide into groups of 3 or 4

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For Example

These organisms have been

classified by their color.Red

Green

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ARE

YOU

READY!

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I

B

H

L M

AD

F

C

N

G

E

K

J

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One Possible Solution

Plants Animals

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

????

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Did You Have Problems??

There were actually several different ways to goabout classifying these 14 organisms. You might

have done color, shape, size, number of legs thepossibilities are endless. You might have encounteredone or two that really did not fit into either of yourtwo classifications, what should you do when this

happens? Make a new classification of course! Andthis is what scientist have done as well through theyears.

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Our modern classification system originated withtwo main classifications, plants and animals. Overthe years, scientist came up with certain plantsthat really did not act like plants, they couldntmake their own food. So the kingdom Fungi was

formed.

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When microscopes were invented, scientist discoverednew single celled organisms. Some were animal-like,

some were plant like and some were both.This lead to the creation of the Kingdom Protista.

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As the microscope improved, scientist

discovered that many of the single celledorganisms were quite different. Some of themhad a nucleus and others did not. This leadto the Kingdom Monera, the kingdom of themost simplistic organisms.

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Who first developeda system to classify

organisms?

As early as 350 B.C., the Greek Philosopher

Aristotle created guidelines for groupingliving things. Aristotle grouped organismsbased on four characteristics: body parts,

life histories, activities, and character. Therewere ten groups of animals, six of whichhe called blooded and four bloodless.

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Humans, birds and fish were considered tobe blooded, while insects and mollusks were

considered to be bloodless. Aristotles systemmay seem crude by todays standards, but forhis time, it was extremely imaginative.

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Who Needs a Classification

System?

When you go to the grocery store, how doknow how to find the milk?

When you go to the clothing store, how doyou know where to look for your favorite brand?

When you go to the movie store, how do youfind the movie youre looking for?

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For example; if you wanted to find informationon a new organism that you just discovered,you could look at organisms with similar

traits and could come up with some goodideas as to what it eats, mating habits, orany other pertinent information you mightwant to find.

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Who developed the modern

system?

Along with Aristotles version of the classification

system, there were several more, completelydifferent systems added throughout the years.After a while, it became quite confusing for

many scientist when they did their research,they did not know which system to look in.This lead towards a universal system that

could be used world wide.

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The modern classification system wasdeveloped by the Swedish scientist CarolusLinnaeus in the mid 1700s. As Linnaeuscreated his method of classification, heconsidered many things. Some characteristicshe used to classify organisms were outside

appearance, internal organs, and how bodysystems worked. Modern scientists are stillusing

most of Linnaeuss classification system.

The Modern System

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Linnaeus used the Latin languagebecause that was the language that

was dominate around the world atthat time. This is why even todayorganisms scientific names are always

in Latin.

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Along with the two major Kingdoms,PlantandAnimal, Linnaeus came up

with several sub-classifications for thosekingdoms. They are: Kingdom, Phylum,Class, Order Family, Genus,and Species.

What Kingdom are you in?

What phylum are you in? Why?

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The uman SpeciesKingdom:Phylum:

Class:Order:Family:

Genus:Species:

Animalia (Animal in Latin)

Chordata (Spinal Cord)

Mammalia (have mammary glands)Primates (two mammary glands)Hominoidea (bipedalism)

HomoSapien

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When you refer to an organismscientifically, you always use the

genus and the specie names.Therefore, the human species wouldbe referred to as:

Homo sapien

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Conclusion

The classification system for organismshave been around for a long time. It has

endured several changes and is quitecomplex. Without it modern biology couldnot exist, much in the same way that

a grocery store would go out of businessif it did not have a classification system.