61299375 Drugstudy for Nicu

7/28/2019 61299375 Drugstudy for Nicu

1/6

V. DRUG STUDY

HEPATITIS B VACCINE

Name of Drug

Generic (Brand)

Classification Dose/

Frequency/

Route

Mechanism

of Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing

Precaution

Hepatitis B

(Hepavax) vaccine

Vaccines,

antisera &Immunologicals

0.5 mL/ one dose/

IM @ vastuslateralis

Hepatitis B

immunoglobulinscontain specific

neutralising

antibodies (mainlyIgG) that provide

passive

immunisation forindividuals

exposed to thehepatitis B virus. It

is used for post-

exposure

prophylaxis in

persons who are

not vaccinated, orwhose prior

vaccinationregimen is

incomplete or

when the antibody

level is


2/6

GENTAMYCIN

Name of Drug

Generic

(Brand)


Frequency/

Route

Mechanism

of Action


Precaution

Gentamycin Aminoglycosides / Topical

Antibiotics / Eye Anti-Infectives &

Antiseptics / Ear Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics

10 mg IVTT

OD N.T.

Gentamicin is an

aminoglycosidethat binds to 30s

and 50sribosomalsubunits of

susceptible

bacteria

disrupting protein

synthesis, thusrendering the

bacterial cell

membrane

defective.

Susceptible

infections;Superficial

ophthalmicinfections

History of

hypersensitivity toaminoglycoside;

pregnancy;hepaticimpairment,

perforated ear

drum.

Dizziness or vertigo;

acute renal failure,interstitial nephritis,

acute tubular necrosis;electrolyteimbalances; transient

elevation of serum

bilirubin and

aminotransferases;

purpura; nausea,vomiting;

convulsions, mental

depression,

hallucinations.

Atrophy or ratnecrosis at inj sites.

Potentially

Fatal: Nephrotoxicity,ototoxicity and

neuromuscular

blockade (may

unmask or aggravate

myasthaenia gravis).

Concurrent use

of neuromuscularblocking agents;

myastheniagravis,parkinsonism;

conditions

predisposing to

ototoxicity and

nephrotoxicity;lactation.

Monitor plasma

concentrations of

gentamicin in

patientsreceiving high

doses or

prolongedcourses, in

infants, elderly,

patients with

renal

impairment,cystic fibrosis or

significant

obesity. Monitor

auditory andrenal functions.
http://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Aminoglycosideshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Topical%20Antibioticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Topical%20Antibioticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Eye%20Anti-Infectives%20%26%20Antisepticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Eye%20Anti-Infectives%20%26%20Antisepticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Eye%20Anti-Infectives%20%26%20Antisepticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Ear%20Anti-Infectives%20%26%20Antisepticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Ear%20Anti-Infectives%20%26%20Antisepticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Ear%20Anti-Infectives%20%26%20Antisepticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Ear%20Anti-Infectives%20%26%20Antisepticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Eye%20Anti-Infectives%20%26%20Antisepticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Eye%20Anti-Infectives%20%26%20Antisepticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Eye%20Anti-Infectives%20%26%20Antisepticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Topical%20Antibioticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Topical%20Antibioticshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Aminoglycosides


3/6

CEFTAZIDIME

Name of Drug

Generic (Brand)


Frequency/

Route

Mechanism

of Action


Precaution

Ceftazidime Anti-infectives

(Cephalosporins)

100 mg slow IVT

q 12o

N.T.

Ceftazidime binds

to one or more ofthe penicillin-

binding proteins(PBPs) whichinhibits the final

transpeptidation

step of

peptidoglycan

synthesis inbacterial cell wall,

thus inhibiting

biosynthesis and

arresting cell wall

assembly resultingin bacterial cell

death.

Susceptible

infections

Hypersensitivity to

cephalosporins.

Hypersensitivity,

dizziness,diarrhoea, nausea,

vomiting, renalimpairment, rash,erythema

multiforme,

thrombocytopaenia,

superinfection,

phloebitis andthrombophloebitis

at the site of

injection.

Potentially

Fatal: Anaphylacticreactions,

nephrotoxicity,

pseudomembranouscolitis.

History of

penicillin allergy;severe renal

impairment;pregnancy,lactation.
http://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Cephalosporinshttp://mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Cephalosporins


4/6

AMIKACIN

Name of Drug

Generic (Brand)


Frequency/

Route

Mechanism

of Action


Precaution

Amikacin Anti-infective)

Aminoglycosides

15 mg slow IVT

OD N.T.

Amikacin binds to

30S ribosomalsubunits of

susceptiblebacteria, thusinhibiting its

protein synthesis.

Susceptible Gm-ve

infections

Pregnancy,

perforated eardrum, myasthenia

gravis,hypersensitivity.

Tinnitus, vertigo;

ataxia and overtdeafness.

PotentiallyFatal: Ototoxicity,nephrotoxicity,

neuromuscular

blockade.

Renal impairment;

vertigo, tinnitus.Discontinue if

signs ofototoxicity,neurotoxicity or

hypersensitivity

occurs; lactation.

Safety has not

been establishedfor treatment

period >14 days.

Monitor renal

function before

and duringtreatment.


5/6

Name of

Drug

Mechanism of

Action

Dosage Indications Contraindication Adverse reaction Nursing alert

Generic

Name:

Vitamin K

Brand Name:

AquaMEPHY

TON,

Mephyton

Vitamin K is

integrally

involved in the

clotting

mechanism ofblood. A

deficiency of

vitamin K results

in decreased

blood levels of

prothrombin and

clotting factors

IV, IX, and X, with

subsequenthemorrhagic

tendencies

The

recommend

ed dietary

allowance

(RDA) forvitamin K is

80 mg per

day for

adult males

and 65 mg

per day for

adult

females,

and 5mg/day for

the

newborn

infant.

For those with

vitamin K

deficiency,

thus usually

more likely tohave bruising

and bleeding.

Vitamin K is

routinely

given to

newborn

infants to

preventbleeding

problems.

In patients

receiving

anticoagulants

(blood thinners) as

vitamin Kdecreases the

Effects of these

drugs.

Decreased appetite; decreased

movement or activity; difficulty

inbreathing; enlarged liver; general

body swelling; irritability; muscle

stiffness; paleness; yellow eyes orskin.

Less common: Difficulty in

swallowing; fast or irregular

breathing; lightheadedness or

fainting; shortness of breath; skin

rash, hives and/or itching; swelling

of eyelids, face, or lips; tightness inchest; troubled breathing and/or

wheezing. Blue color or flushing or

redness of skin; dizziness; fast

and/or weak heartbeat; increased

sweating; low blood pressure

(temporary).

Rare: Flushing of face; redness,

pain, or swelling at place of

Injection; skin lesions at place of

injection (rare); unusual taste.

If you take warfarin (a bloodthinner), you should know that

vitamin K or foods containing

vitamin K can affect how the

drug works.

Vitamin K deficiency is veryrare. It occurs when the body

can't properly absorb the

vitamin from the intestinal

tract.

Vitamin K deficiency can alsooccur after long-term

treatment with antibiotics.

If you are taking anticoagulantmedicine (blood thinners), the

amount of vitamin K in your

diet may affect how well these

medicines work. Your doctor

or health care professional

may recommend changes in

your diet to help thesemedicines work better.


6/6

61299375 Drugstudy for Nicu

Documents

Transcript of 61299375 Drugstudy for Nicu