6- R-L series cct

8/13/2019 6- R-L series cct

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AC R-L Series

Circuits


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Revision Of AC Pure R

Circuit

R

V R

I

V R I


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Revision Of AC Pure L

CircuitI

V L

V L

I

V L

I

OR


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AC R-L Series Circuit

V

R I

V R V L

V L

I

V R


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V L

I V R

V

I

V

V R

V

VL


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Characteristics Of AC

R-L Series CircuitI is in phase with V R

VR = IRI lags V L by 90 0

VL = IXL I lags V by

V L

I V R

V


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Opposition To Flow Of

Current In DC Circuit

Opposition to flow of current in DCcircuit is given by RR = V / I (ohm)

R

V

I

+ -


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Opposition To Flow Of

Current In AC Circuit

Opposition to flow of current in ACcircuit is given by Z Z = V / I (ohm)

Z

V

I


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Impedance (Z)

• Is the opposition to the flow of

current in an ac circuit.

• Is given by the ratio of V to I

i.e. Z = V / I ohm


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Impedance (Z)

V2 = V R2 + V L2 = (IR) 2 + (IX L)2 = (I2R2) + (I 2XL2)= I2(R 2 +XL2)

V2 / I2 = (R 2 +XL2)

V / I = (R 2 +XL2)

V R

V

V L


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Summary Of Impedance

Of AC R-L Series CircuitImpedance Z is the oppositionto the flow of current in an accircuit.Z is given by the ratio of V to Ii.e. Z = V / I

Also, Z = (R 2 +XL2)Unit of impedance is ohm


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Power Factor Of AC R-L

Series Circuit

Phase angle = I lags V by angle Therefore pf is lagging .

I

V


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Impedance Triangle

V R

V

V L

(i)I R

I Z

I X

L

(ii)

R

Z

X L

(iii) Impedance

Triangle


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Impedance Triangle

cos = R / Z

R = Z cos Z = R / cos

R

Z

X L


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Impedance Triangle

sin = XL / Z XL = Z sin Z = XL / sin

R

Z

X L


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Impedance Triangle

tan = XL / R XL = R tan R = XL / tan

R

Z

X L


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Summary Of AC R-L

Series Circuit

V

R

I

V R V L

V R

V

V L

I

VR = IR

VL = IX LV = IZI = V / Z


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Summary Of AC R-L

Series Circuit Z = V / I

Also, Z = (R2

+ X L2

) R = (Z 2 - XL2) XL = (Z 2 - R L2)


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Summary Of AC R-L

Series Circuit

I lags V by angle pf is lagging

I

V


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The End

hank You


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Z = V / I Z = (R 2 + X L2)

V = IZVR = IR

VL = IXL


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Impedance Triangle (RL)

R

XL

COS = R / Z


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AC RC-Series Circuit

Z = V / I Z = (R 2 + X c 2)

V = IZVR = IR

Vc = IX cI leads V by angle Therefore pf is leading


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Impedance Triangle (RC)

R

XCZ

COS = R / Z


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AC RLC Series Circuit

Z = V / I Z = [R 2 + (X L - Xc) 2]

V = IZVR = IRVL = IXL

Vc = IX cI leads V by angle Therefore pf is leading


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If XL > Xc I lags V by angle

Therefore pf is leading

If XL < Xc

I leads V by angle Therefore pf is leading


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If XL = Xc V = V R

I is in phase with V pf = 1 Z = R

Therefore Z = minimum valueTherefore I = maximum valueI = V / R


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AC Series Resonance

CircuitIs a circuit where X L = Xc Current is in phase with voltage

pf = 1Z = minimum valueI = maximum value

I = V/R


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Summary Of Formulae

For AC Series CircuitV = IZI = V / Z

Z = V /IZ = (R 2 + X 2)

• COS = R / Z

6- R-L series cct

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