6 INESPO June 1-6, 2014 @The Hague 47 COUNTRIES · Postal adress: Postbus 24102 3007 DC Rotterdam....

the international

SUSTAINABILITY OLYMPIAD

OLYMPIAD BOOK

47 C

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NTR

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Photography: Allard Schager

International Environment Sustainability Project Olympiad

6th INESPOJune 1-6, 2014

@The Hague

ColophonPublished by:

Cosmicus FoundationHofplein 333011 AJ RotterdamThe Netherlands

Editor & Editorial DesignCosmicus Foundation

Printed by Deniz at Rotterdam, 2014

Contact detailsContact person: Mr. I. ElmaagacPhone number: +31 (0)10 411 75 74 E-mail address: [email protected] adress: Postbus 24102 3007 DC Rotterdam

Organizers

Sponsors/funds

Partners

Welkom to the 6 INESPO 2014th

Challenge yourself!

IndexWelcome! P. 6 Weekschedule P. 7

Jury P. 8

Awards P. 13

International projects P. 14

Dutch projects P. 17

International project abstracts P. 18

Dutch project abstracts P. 58

Organizers P. 62

Affiliated Full Partners P. 63

Authorized Affiliated National Coordinators P. 64

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It is with great pleasure that we welcome you to the 6th INESPO 2014, the international sustainability olympiad for students! We are very happy to may welcome more than 300 participants from 45 countries. INESPO is pleased to be able to organize an event that brings together young scientists and their supervisors from 45 countries. The event promotes the ideas of cooperation and

exchange of knowledge and experiences, and stimulates the emergence of young talents in various areas of science.

The national round of INESPO has taken place in Amsterdam on April 12, 2014. During this round the ten best Dutch projects were nominated to participate in the international round, that takes place in Den Haag. Over 250 international students from 45 countries along with the ten best Dutch project teams will present their solutions for environmental problems to the public on June 2 and 3. Amongst many prizes such as gold, silver and bronze medals in different categories, there will be also an audience prize and en-couragement awards. On June 5 we will announce the winners at the awards ceremony.

We are very thankful that the Province of Zuid-Holland is willing to act as a host for this year’s INESPO and has contributed a lot to make this event a great success.

Besides that we would like to thank the other co-organizers, DuurzaamDoor, GLOBE NEDERLAND, IVN and NPOINT who worked together with the Cosmicus Foundation, the initiator of INESPO. Besides these organizations multiple partners have sup-ported this initiative and helped organisationally and financially.

We are very thankful for all the support we have gotten and we want to wish all participants, jury members and visitors a won-derful experience and hope that you will be inspired by the en-thusiasm and sustainable passion of all these young people!

Reyis KurtChairman Cosmicus Foundation

WelcomeIt is with great pleasure that the Cosmicus Foundation hosts the 6th edition of the Inter-national Environmental & Sustainability Pro-ject Olympiad in the Netherlands, after many successful events in Amsterdam and Utrecht. We are pleased and honored to organize the event in Den Haag the capital of the province of Zuid-Holland.This year INESPO will be held in “Het Provin-ciehuis”, the Provincial Government Building,

a unique place as the official governmental province building of the province of Zuid- Holland.

The organization of INESPO is pleased to be a bridge between dozens of organizations, companies, institutions, universities, pub-lic and private bodies, that brings together young scientists from 45 countries, promoting the ideas of cooperation and exchange of knowledge and experiences, as well as stimulating the rise of young talents in various areas and disciplines.

The 6th edition of INESPO will be a great success with the participa-tion of over 250 young scientists, whose presented projects repre-sent many different areas of science and sustainability in the fields of Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Engineering, Environment, Social Sciences and Energy. They are all testaments to the impact of an in-ternational event of this nature, capable of mobilizing a large num-ber of young people with varied interests but dedicated to work for a better world of tomorrow.

The 6th edition of INESPO presents a very rich and diverse program, which includes not only the scientific aspect of the event, but also highlights the diverse cultural offerings that characterize the pro-vince of Zuid-Holland. Next to many activities, the young talents will also have the possibility to visit fo example the parliament.

All of these opportunities and enrichment will give us the abili-ty to get to know Den Haag, the province of Zuid-Holland and the Netherlands better. This event is made possible due to several in-stitutional supporters and partners, we are seriously engaged with, for which my gratitude is great and humble.

I wish you a successful and pleasant scientific experience, and hope it may open many doors during your career and study.To all participants, volunteers and visitors: my best wishes for an unforgettable competition which will last for many years, and will build bridges of friendships between many countries.

Ibrahim A. ElmaagacHost OrganizerInternational Event Coordinator

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All country supervisors are responsible for their own group to be present on time at the scheduled place. The time of the transports are strictly arranged. In case you miss the bus you will have to take a taxi to the destination at your onw expenses. INESPO is not responsible for any damage nor will accept damage to the whole group because of inappropriate or unex-pected delay from others.

TIME ACTIVITY09.00 - 00.00 Arrival participants and transport to accommodation 18.00 - 21.00 Welcoming dinner 21.00 - 22.30 Transport to hotel

06.00 - 07.00 Breakfast07.00 - 08.30 Transport to exhibition09.00 - 17.00 Exhibition projects (including lunch) 11.00 - 12.30 Opening ceremony 17.30 - 21.00 Dinner and activities21:00 Transport to hotel

06.00 - 07.00 Breakfast07.00 - 08.30 Transport to exhibition09.00 - 17.00 Exhibition projects (including lunch)13.00 - 16.00 Meet & Greet (meant for Ambassadors, businesses, academic organizations and media) 17.30 - 22.00 Dinner and activities 22.00 Transport to hotel

06.00 - 08.00 Breakfast07.00 - 15.00 Excursion (including lunch)15.00 - 21.00 World market22.00 Transport to hotel

06.00 - 08.00 Breakfast08.00 - 14.00 Excursion (including lunch)14.00 - 19.00 Preparations for the awards ceremony, dinner19.30 - 21.30 Awards ceremony21.30 - 00.00 Farewell party21.30 - 00.00 Transport to hotel

02.00 - 13.00 Departure to Schiphol Airport06.00 - 09.00 Breakfast10.00 Accommodation latest checkout time

Note that schedule is subject to change.

June 1

June 2

June 3

June 4

June 5

June 6

Weekschedule

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Jury

Bas BlaauboerBas Blaauboer (1949) studied biology at Utrecht University and did a PhD in toxicology at the same university (1978). Presently he holds the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Chair on “Alternatives to Animal Tes-ting in Toxicological Risk Assessment”, which is located in the Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences. His research focuses on the use of in vitro toxicology methods as tools in risk assessments.

Rik LeemansProf. Rik Leemans heads the Environmental Systems Analysis and Earth System Science groups of Wa-geningen University and chairs the Earth System Science Partnership. He leads interdisciplinary re-search on global change models and contributes to IPCC and the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.His modelled the dynamics of boreal forests at Uppsala University (Sweden) and IIASA (Austria). He then led the development of an integrated earth system model, IMAGE, at the Dutch Environmental Assessment Agency. Prof. Leemans has published papers on a wide range of topics, such as ecosys-tems, climate change, vulnerability and sustainability, and is editor-in-chief of Current Opinion in En-vironmental Sustainability.

Egbert TellegenProf. Dr. Egbert Tellegen (Brielle, 1937) is a sociologist and specialist in social aspects of environmental issues since forty years. He offers lectures on ‘Sociology and environment’ at Utrecht University. In 2010 he published a study (in Dutch language) on the history of environmental concern and envi-ronmental policies during the past fifty years The study is entitled ‘Groene herfst (‘Green fall’). In a recent article entitled ‘Kapitalisme en sociaalwetenschappelijk milieuonderwijs’ (‘Capitalism and the teaching of social aspects of environmental issues) which was published in December 2012 in ‘Milieu’, the journal of environmental specialists in the Netherlands, he criticizes the lack of fundamental criti-cism of capitalist economies in research and teaching on environmental issues.

Jacques Reijniers Prof. dr. ing. J.J.A.M. (Jacques) Reijniers MBA is professor (sustainable) Procurement Management and also director of Learn Education and Research Network at Nyenrode Business Universiteit in Breukelen (the Netherlands). He is also director of Apollo Consultancy B.V. He is educated in mechanical engineering and business management. He was working in the industry and in the consultancy business for many years. His key business areas are: (sustainable) purchasing, logistics, project management and interim management. He published many articles and books and is many times speaking on conferences and is lecturing at several (European) business schools on these areas.

Josee van Eijndhoven Josee van Eijndhoven is emeritus professor in Sustainability Management at the Dutch Research In-stitute for Transitions (Drift), at Erasmus University Rotterdam. She was the President of the Executive Board of the same university from 2001-2006. From 1991 till 2001 she was Director of the Rathenau Institute in The Hague, the Dutch National Institute for Technology Assessment. At present she is, amongst others, a member of the Dutch National UNESCO Committee and of the Netherlands Academy for Technology and Innovation (AcTI-nl). She was originally trained as a chemist and did a.o. research in risk assessment, risk communication and policy analysis of global environmental risks.

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JuryBoukje HuijbenBoukje Huijben studied both Chemistry and Environmental Sciences at the Radboud University of Nijmegen, where she graduated in March 2010. During her studies she was involved in educational activities for high school pupils like girls camps and classes at the university. After her graduation she worked in a project on the market implementation of a clean (bio)diesel at the Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) and she temporary worked as a teacher in chemistry at a high school. In December 2010 she started her PhD project at the TU/e on mechanisms for up scaling of the solar energy market, with a focus on the Netherlands.

Alexandra BekkerAlexandra Bekker is secretary at Young Friends of the Earth Netherlands (JMA). She is in the final stages of finishing her Master’s degree in International Security at the VU University, Amsterdam. She previ-ously studied at Amsterdam University College, where she graduated summa cum laude in liberal arts and sciences.

Cees WithagenCees Withagen got his master’s degree (cum laude) at Tilburg University in 1974 in econometrics with a specialisation in mathematical economics. In 1984 he got his PhD degree (cum laude) also at Tilburg University .Currently, he is professor of environmental economics at VU University, Amsterdam, Department of Spatial Economics in the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. He is also fellow of Tinber-gen Institute and CentER (Tilburg University).

Lydia van RietschoteDrs. Lydia van Rietschote is partner at PIT (Platform voor Innovatie in Toezicht) at Stichting Netwerk Vrouwelijke Commissarissen in Zeist. Besides that she is the director of the World Education Forum in The Hague. For 25 years she has fulfilled a wide variety of management positions. In recent years she has focused more on more on issues of ‘good governance’.

Jan ApothekerJan Apotheker is connected to the Rijksuniversiteit Groningen as didactician in chemistry. He is in-volved in the teacher training program in chemistry and in the master in communication and educa-tion. He is coordinator of the basic qualification Education for teachers of the Faculty of mathematics and natural sciences. He is a Board member of the KNCV, with education in his portfolio. He is also Secretary of the committee on chemistry education of IUPAC, Member of the division of education of EuchemS. In the past, he has been Chairman of the Dutch Department of Caretakers of the Environ-ment and editor-in-Chief of ‘ The Global Forum on Environmental Education’.

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JuryEddy De SerannoEddy De Seranno inspires people towards optimal cooperation. He has an MBA degree in governmen-tal and non-profit organizations, and worked as an interim and project manager in Flanders (Belgium), as a director of a university of applied social sciences in Ghent, and as a consultant with Deloitte in Brussels. He came to The Netherlands in 2003, first as a manager and project leader in the HZ Univer-sity of Applied Sciences in Vlissingen, and since 2012 combining it with the role of facilitator and coach of complex cooperation projects, amongst others in such areas as education, sustainable develop-ment, safety and resilience, and health and social care.

Isabelle NoyensIsabelle Noyens has a bachelor degree in Chemistry – Environmental Care. She did an internship at the environmental department of water treatment at Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutics. In 2007 she finished her studies and started her first job at Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutics as an analytical tech-nician. In 2008 she changed jobs and found a new challenge as a researcher at the Research and De-velopment department of Umicore. Umicore searches for new metal applications and how to recycle metals from waste streams, e.g. electronic scrap. Her main task was performing leaching experiments for a new hydrometallurgical recycling process. After two years she moved to the pyrometallurgical department where she is now responsible for quality, environment, health, safety and the guidance of students from the secondary schools.

Jeanne de BruijnJeanne de Bruijn is Research Fellow at VU Amsterdam.

Frans van OverveldDr. Frans J. van Overveld studied Medical Biology at the University of Utrecht, with main directions Haematology and Immunology. In 1988, he obtained his PhD in Medical Sciences on “Some aspects of mast cell subtypes from human lung tissue” at the same university. In 1991 he was registered as Immunologist. Since 2009, he is employed as Scientific Writer at 4Clinics, Waterloo, Belgium, where the emphasis is on infectious diseases and prevention and lectures Immunology at University College Roosevelt.

Frans TiemanIs lecturer Physics at Cosmicus College Rotterdam.

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JuryArzu FetaIs currently a master student in Utrecht University.Previous internships were at: Universiteit van Amsterdam (Energy research); Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands ( Research on Plasmonic Solar Cells).

Erik DirksenErik Dirksen is lecturer at the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration section Strategy and Marketing at the University of Amsterdam (UvA).

Marco MatthijsenMarco Matthijsen, LL.M. – education innovation projectmanager at and secretary of EduXprss Cooperation.

Bart van DalenMy name is Bart van Dalen, and I was born in Haarlem, Holland in 1979. During my childhood I de-veloped a keen interest in both mathematics and science. I started studying Astrophysics in 1998. During my studies, I took up the opportunity to take on an internship at science centre NEMO. The last eight years I have worked as a science teacher in high school, teaching physics, mathematics and a number science projects, among which Nuclear Fission and Blue Energy. Right now I work as a teacher trainer at the Hogeschool van Amsterdam, where I hope to inspire a new generation of science teachers. I am very happy to be part of an international project about sustainability, and I hope that I will be amazed by the ingenuity of environmentalists-to-be!

Nynke KramerNynke Kramer is assistant professor at the Toxicology department of the Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS) of Utrecht University. Her research focusses on developing alternative testing strat-egies to animal testing in (eco)toxicology. Traditionally, laboratory animals have been used to test whether chemicals are toxic to humans and the environment. However, these methods are ethically questionable, time consuming and expensive. With the plethora of new chemicals developed by in-dustry, alternative testing methods are required. Therefore, Nynke and her team test whether in vitro cell and tissue cultures, as well as computer models can predict the toxicity of chemicals. Her current research follows up on her PhD thesis completed at the same institute in 2010. Before starting her PhD, Nynke obtained her Bachelor Degree in Life Sciences at University College Utrecht in 2003 and her Master’s Degree in Environmental Change and Management at the University of Oxford in 2004.

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JuryHenk van den BergProf. dr.ir. Henk van den Berg studied Chemical Engineering at the State University of Groningen. From 1974 to 1996 he was employee of DOW Benelux N.V. located in Terneuzen. Focus on Process Develop-ment and Process Engineering for several processes. He joined Wieringa Consultants & Engineers B.V. after leaving DOW by the extra early retirement program. He teaches Process Design at the University of Twente (The Netherlands), since 1989, a parttime assignment. Process Design covers four months of two year curriculum for process design and development for graduated engineers. Since 1998 he teaches Process Design also at the State University of Ghent. Lecturing and workshops for fourth and fifth year students. Chairman of the Novem taskforce on Process Intensification. Government and in-dustries formed this group to stimulate the development and application of new and existing tech-nology to reduce energy consumption in the process industries. Special focus on the development of systematic (re)design of processes, both in teaching and in the other activities.

Rolf HutI got my Bsc and MSc in physics at Delft University of Technology. The topic of my MSc thesis was “Cochlear modeling as time-frequency analysis tool” (published in Acta Acoustica, see publication list). During my MSc years I did an internship with fellow students in Kenya, where we investigated the flow of groundwater around sub surface dams. This brought me in first contact with the water resources management group of the civil engineering faculty of Delft University of Technology. After finishing my MSc thesis, I started working part time for this group, starting my PhD. I also work part time at Statistics Netherlands, the National Statistical Institute of the Dutch government. There, I work in the department that collects, orders and publishes statistics on the amount of people living on social wel-fare, unemployment- and disability-benefits (and their backgrounds) in the Netherlands.

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AwardsInternational awards

Prize % of total amount of projects Medal

1st 10 Gold

2nd 20 Silver

3rd 30 Bronze

4th 4th Prize

5th Encouragement award

National awardsPrize Number of

projectsDescription Specifications

1st Prize 1 Participation in Intel Isef (USA)* 1 week, meant for 3 students

2nd Prize 1 Participation in ISWEEEP (USA)* 1 week, meant for 2 students and 1 supervisor

3rd Prize 1 Participation in MOSTRATEC (Brazil)* 1 week, meant for 2 students and 1 supervisor

1st Special Prize 1 Participation in FAST (Italy)* 4 days, meant for 2 students and 1 supervisor

2nd Special Prize 1 Participation in London Science Forum (UK)* 2 weeks, meant for 1 student (min. 17 years old)

3rd Special Prize 1 Participation in Young Scientists Contest in Denmark*

5 days, meant for 2 students (min. 16 years old) and 1 supervisor

Encouragement Award

3 Certificate and medal ---

* All national awards are mentioned for participation in other olympiads to represent the Netherlands. The awards include flight tickets, accommodation, meals** and local transport**. The awards are not redeemable for cash, nor transferrable or refundable for any other events.** As far as provided by the host of the event.

Audience awardsNumber of projects Participants

1 National

1 International

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International projects AlbaniaEducing spoilage in agricultural products Brixhilda GurakuqiNensi AhmetbejaCharity ClubAndi CelaFlori Doci

AzerbaijanMini CoolerAflan Garayev Turan BayramliThe Effects of Air Pollution on KidsSultan Valiyev Anar ImamaliyevThe Removal of Silver from Electro-plating WastewaterMahman AhmadliNijat Muradzada

Bosnia & HerzegovinaPump it up !Erma KurtovicLejla HodzicNeem en SageMirza BegovićAmer GhadbanPiezo-tree and rainfall a “perfect” combinationFaris HrvatKerim BećirevićThe versatile BananaAmina Sefić

BrazilSustainable Reuse of Waste InsolesVanessa dos ReisMarina Escobar Borsatto

CambodiaBioconversion of sugar beet molasses into ethanolSoklida ChanIlita UngGasifier StoveMavanneh KhieuDayana PhonFrom waste to energy, Papaya seeds biodieselSokputhiseth VongSatya SoValorization of coffee grounds for a new sustainable development- Natu-ral BiodieselSophea Dalika Bora

ChadMilkproduction Based on Peanuts Abdallah Rozzi Teguil

Mahamat Saleh Mahamat Senoussi Cherif

China, Hong Kong Special Ad-ministrative RegionHeat ReviverHo Lun ChanHo Ting Lee

Chinese TaipeiRelationship between sexual de-prived Drosophila, NPF, and the fol-lowing behaviorsChing-Feng ChenSelf-powered Light-emitting Diodes: Using LEDs as Solar Cells and LampYi-Hsuan WuDi-Hsuan Kuo

CroatiaGeo-electric Research of SoilIva ŠimovićMario Matković

Czech RepublicPorous semiconductors III-V Jan PůčekApplication of two mathematical models for calculation of drag force acting on an airfoil in supersonic flowJakub PogranMeasurements of chlorophyll fluore-scence. Future of agriculture?Miroslav PeřinaNanokegs with the ability to bind anionsVít VšianskýDepth-Dependent Investigation of Photovoltaic Conversion Efficiency of Thin Film Solar CellsLukáš Pavelka

GeorgiaBiogasNika Svanidze

IndiaA novel wound healing product using non - toxic natural ingredientsSanjana Puttur RameshA novel way of treating vegetable pest using TinosporacordifoliaSagar MottetadkaGautham BolwarFibres from weedDeepika C NAyesha Fahima M SMicro weather forecast with the help of GSM based automatic weather stationsAyush Panara

Novel eco-friendly technology to keep the banana leaf green for 1 year without using any chemicalsTenith Adithyaa

IndonesiaTreatment of oil spill by buffing dust as an efficient adsorbentGalih RamadhanSyaits AsyamSimple Way to distinguish fresh and used unbranded cooking oil by using first aid antisepticEmilia Astagina IsbonoWani Riselia SiraitHe waterproof plasterboardAgung PratamaRatri Maulutri Larasati

IranRaising Environmental Awareness through Recycle ArtsElnaz MorshediNikki Navid AzarA study of measuring growth level of PeperomiaMagnoliifolia plant in Aquaponic vs. Traditional FarmingSara NamazifardGolsa Nayeb Ghanbar HosseiniMaking homemade glue the plastic body of the pen in order to protect the environmentSara SaadatNegin HossainjaniRemoving nano-silver by bio absorbtionRezvaneh Sadat Aghayan Saba FatemipoorjazinAbsorption some of the air pollutant Using the electrostatic methodNiusha Basirhaghighi Fatemeh Yarahmady

IraqNewly Developed C4 DetectorDastan Othman HasanIsolation &identificatioon of benefi-cial rhizophere bacteria in the root of (oak fig pear and pomegranate in different regions in Kurdistan)Shene Azeez FarajAvin Abubakir Ahmed

ItalyDevelopment of an air quality service using mobile carbon monoxide sensors Project description and backgroundPietro RosattiDaniele GadlerAndrea Pedot

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KazakhstanBioremediation of natural reservoirs of heavy metals using azollyZhansaya UaliyevaAyan YerekeshAnaerobic digestion of municipal solid wastes in KazkhstanRauana ErezhepovaNessibe Zhussipova

KenyaGreen PesticideJoyce ArinaAzmi AbdulwahidMaking Biodegradable Plastic from PotatoesLoise Tabitha OkuruNasreen Bandali BachuGuava soup to treat skin diseasesUmrah AnzarSulem Osman

KosovoPaper money, a novel vector for liver cancer: Detection of molds & toxins, assessment of cancer risk and solu-tionsFaridin ArifiJeton NeziriFlora on ash Hills formed by thermal powerplant activityErmal QireziAlban IslamiA new safe flame: The increase in the efficiency of hydrocarbon burning and decrease in the CO emission upon the application of excess O2 gas and magnetic fieldDrilon PllanaZgjim SadriuRiver Cleaner Mark 1Rubin DaijaMultiplying water energy and increasing the water electrolysis by 5 factors with very high efficiency in 100% ecological wayEdi Muhaxhiri

KyrgyzstanPhytoremediation of uranium Radia-tion aving heat energy with insula-tion house methidAsylbek PaizovElectromagnetic filter-air cleanerMukhamed ArslanIsken DunkanaevCleaning Oily WasteWater, Combina-tion of Extraction and Absorption Methods.Burulai Jusupbek Kyzi Mukhabbat Umarova Harmful effects of urineAizada Abakir

Nurperi NurlanovaEffects of waterEldiyar MuradylovIldar RahimovSpecial removable Capsules mounted in a planes for safety of passengersMikhail ImankulovIakub Balabekov

LithuaniaDetermination of the Purity of the Milk Fat Content by Using Optical Properties of MilkMartynas Koroliovas

MacedoniaMineral - heavy metal hunter for ha-ving a healthier lifeEftim RistovAleksandra NikolovaSynthesis of New Antioxidants, Vita-mins (Polyphenols)Katerina GudevaStojan PecevUsing clay to decrease ammonia, nitrates and nitrites in drinking waterEdita BytyqiNuran Elif OzturkA new ecological solution for floods caused by rivers – BioswaleLjubica Pop-TrajkovaMonica JarkovaChemical deposition of quantum-sized semi-conducting thin films of antimonyEdona KasapiDragan TrajchevThe application of modern genetics technology improving the quality of breadStefani GjorcheskaStojanche Gjorcheski

MalaysiaSilica gel from bamboo ashes as moi-sture adsorbentSyifa Athirah NazrulJoshua ShanmuganathanA reusable and everlasting endo surgical grasper using compliant mechanism conceptAhmad Kamal Abdul Manan Muhammad Amirul Aminuddin

MexicoRemote Control Via MobileJuan Carlos Villa NegreteEcopollosJuan Carlos Guerrero OlivoDevelopment of a 100% organic ad-hesive based Cucurbitaficifolia.

Lizbeth Cruz CortesViridiana Tellez Mendez

MoldovaHealthy grapevines without heavy metalsDimitrie GynjuAnastasia JelezniiEnergy production in desert by using sandsIgor MarinovVasili Rizov

NigeriaRecycling SchoolOgwara Uche Chidi GeorgeBen-Sedonu Abiodun Oreoluwa Em-manuel

PakistanNovel Lignocellulosic Bioethanol Pro-duction by Recombinant Cellulolytic Bacteria Harbouring PDC and HDH II Genesof Klebsiella OxytocaBaila Ayaz SoomroThe Power of sewageArslan SaeedEnergy Generated from ElevatorsMuhammad Shariq ImranWaste tyres a big problem or can it be valued as Black DiamondMuhammad Salman Khan RanjhaCompostingAreeba Nadeem PirzadaFatimah ZahidMishal KhanDaniyal Atta Maan

ParaguayLemongrass as natural repelentLara Bethania Valdez BraunOyuki Maria Cecilia Ishibashi HaurónMusic and EnvironmentMidori Maria Jose Ishibashi Haurón Camila Pecin GardiniCypress Essential Oil for Varicose Veins and Enlarged PoresCamila Ayelen Villalba TrombettaMaria Gabriela Sienra NuñezDrop by drop the water is running offLuciana Celeste Paniagua SolisMario Ariel Bruno Urbina

PolandThe huge importance of small insects - researches about bumblebeesMonika LeończykThe research into the perception of personal space in aspect of claustro-phobia.Aleksandra BlochKlaudia Krupka

International projects

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PortugalSmartKitJéssica MarquesJessica SantosOrganic and Intensive Agriculture: Two realities at our tableAna MarquesDaniel Gomes

Puerto RicoPuerto Rico Jaguas district, Fornés sector in the municipality of Peñuelas spring water qualityNadja MaldonadoFerdinand MaldonadoComparative study of the antibacte-rial effect of natural essential oil of Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) and Melaleucaarmillaris (Myrtaceae) in Escherichia coli ATCC 11229, Escherichia coli K-12 and Staphylo-coccus aureus ATCC 25903Stephanie Marie Quiles Velázquez

RomaniaUsing robots in preventing wildfires, FireBotAndrei-Alexandru MindraPaul-Florin ParaschivMosquitoes favorite food today, tomorrow is poison for them...!Alexandra-Elisabeta Matea-Moldovan“BIO-SCABICIDE” - an alternative bio-remedy for the existing toxical-chemical treatment for scabiesRadu-Constantin RadulescuReal Time Home Security Alert SystemIonatan LavricVlad PavelNew organic fertilizers applied on artificial soilAndreea Iris UtaElif Memet

RussiaThe introduction of cellular techno-logy in the automation of watering plants.Aynur ShaymardanovRadik Yusupov

SlovakiaMonitoring pollution on the upper watercourse of the river HronKlaudia KvakováJakub Šalko

South AfricaEffects of Colour to maize (Corn) to Feed SheepJanke Hoon

Sweeting the harful effects of frost on plantsJean-Mari van der RietImproving Intumescent Paint to com-bat fires in informal settlementsPatric Junior Noah

South KoreaEffect of korean traditional onggi on detoxification of cryoprotectant and cryoinjury prevention in sperm cryopreservationSubin ChoResearch on Luffacylindrica leaf ex-tract’s antiviral effect on TMVYunjae KimSangeon Lee

SpainCrystallography, a world to discoverAndrea TejeroNatalia MartínezGraphene; The material of the futureMaría BarcoLucía García

TajikistanCoccinella septempunctata manage-ment of the pest in tomato plants via integrated methodKhusetin Kholmurodov Isfandiyor KamolovPurification of Dushambe (Tajikistan) sewage water with water hyacinth and production of biogas form water hyacinthShaboz HamdamovKhursed Murodov

TanzaniaTruly Green Energy: Electricity from the green plant pigment, ChlorophyllYonaz YonazJesse MnyuneGreener Tanzania with wind solar hybrid energyDerick KazimotoPhillemon JassonySpeeding up sewage treatment to save mother nature Elias MagulaAndrew NyaisongaAutomatic thermo irrigation systemDennis MelakaniAlly Mahmoud

ThailandEvaluating heterotrophic growth un-der nitrogen starvation of Thai native microalga, Chlorococcumhumicola promising biodiesel with waste water treatment.

Nichakorn WorakajitPreparation and application of silane-modified pectin for treating Copper contaminated wastewaterSmith WedsuwannarakPreservation of property of natural rubber using TiO2Thannaree ChottitisupawongThe study of the reduction of Ferric dissolved in Iron(III) nitrate solution and manganese ions dissolved in manganese(II) sulfate solution by using corona discharged ozoneManchuta CharatThe effect of pectin from pomelo peel on yield of Pathumthani 1 RicePascha JansoontrapornNatnaree Wiwatdechakul

TurkeySuper bee fertilizerMerih AkalinBiotechnological method develop-ment based on affinity membrane system for antibody recognitionOzgur UlkerCancer stopping herb: Research of Klammath Weed’s (Hypericumperforatum) effect on Head and Neck Cancerous Cell Scratch Assay MethodRauph Souleimanov Ahmet Faruk KucukMehmet Nefzat SanliBurak Kalayci3D Green energy in our pockets “ULTRA-HYBRID CHARGING DEVICE” Sami PalomboAaron Harun KanetiDetermining the antimicrobial capa-city of essential oil obtained from tangerine peel impregnated zeolite and its usage as animal feed additiveBeril Esra IkizekElif Ezgi Su YildirimEnvironmental Pollution Fighter: The Buoy With Laboratory Analysis For Environmental Pollution And Waste WaterFatma Melis ErtugrulZeynep Rana CelikEnviromental İntelligent FarmSena YalcinAyse Nur OrenTo investigate the presence and amount of detergent residue in the pan and cups washed in dishwasherTaha Fatih SenSelimhan Yavuz

TurkmenistanGreen Paper MakingHangeldi Oshanov


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Kamiljan MuradovEcologically Safe and Energy-Efficient Methods of Dehydration of Natural GasTimur HaitovKemal SahedovMaking Bed Bug (Cimexlectularius) resistant the lightest and the most feasible particle boardsShamyrat Orazmyradov Maksat GuvanjovReducing the desertification and sa-linization by using the underground water resourcesTahyr AmanovMekan DurdyyevProducing the endangered Caspian sturgeon fish by forming artificial food chain (micro-algae spiriluna ar-temia salina sturgeon fish) in Caspian Sea

Özgur Mutlu AkgünHojaahmet Allakow

UgandaPlastic management in schoolStuart Birungi MusinguziJimson Birungi

UkraineSpider Pholcusphalangioides - the best bioindicator of buildingsOlga PashkovskaDanylo FedoriakThe Intellectual Insecticides Sergiy KustShamil Khodzhametov

Wave-Powered Desalination PlantMykhailo Lytovchenko

The Insoluble Anode for Water Purifi-cation Devices and Water Treatment Based on Ni-WDaria Maltseva

USAAn Investigation of Cellulosic Ethanol, Iteration Three: Increasing Glucose Yield Utilizing Hydrogen Peroxide Under Basic ConditionsHailey Loehde-WoolardA Novel Approach to Removing Oil Spills from Seawater by using Sus-tainable and Cost-efficient MaterialsCagri AytekinErkam Curuk


The NetherlandsMos tegen fijnstofSam RooversSven JonkersMarien Helmus

Tundra MethaneArend-Jan QuistIzak de heer

Life of WasteSuzanne MaljarsCoriena de Heer

Project Killer AlgaeJurian van der ReeRick Dekker

Methane from cattle wasteArdin BerghJames DowlingTom Hoogerduijn StratingSilke Korpershoek

Induction wind turbineSergio GelissenBerke AslanMarnick Panman

Warmte kringloopLars van DitshuizenTim van DijkRobin van Soelen

Cycle Charge Chris BorMartijn KangerGijs KoopsBart Verver

Draaien op natuurwarmte installatiesStijn MourisNick KlarenbeekSanne BuismanRaquel Humphris

EWE science Jesse HummenTijmen BeemsterMenno GilhuisJorke KooijengaTitus Pellegrom

Dutch projects

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International project abstracts1729. Educing Spoilage in Agricultural ProductsSound affects everything on Earth including human beings, other living organism and also what we eat. By that we mean that sound affects especially the longevity of agricultural products. Many businesses depend on these products in many countries. Since this kind of food is the healthiest we can have, it is important to provide it the best way of growing and storage. The aim of our project is to find a natural way of keeping these agricultural products unspoiled for a longer time. We are going to observe how different sound sources affect fruits and vegetables. According to our results, quiet places keep the agricultural products fresher. That could be used in the transport of the market products. We can start carrying them in isolated environments. If not possible, soft music could be used for block-ing the surrounding noises.

1829. Charity Club“Shpresa” Charity Club is created to help the people in need. In other schools the children there don’t have good living conditions. While we have radiator in other schools, they don’t even have glass for their windows. So we help them, because we have the possibility to help them. An important thing is help given from the students of our school, because this way we teach them the idea of helping someone and the value of generosity and to show them the conditions in which other people live, they don’t know this because their parents provide them with everything they want. Most people don’t help anyone who is in need they don’t know them or if they won’t get something in return. And through the “Shpresa” Charity Club as a special structure of our school, founded and represented by the students themselves, except for our main aim which is to help the people in need, we also want to teach the students of our school to help people without any condition. So we want to give them the idea of helping someone even if we don’t know them or without getting some-thing from them. But still we do get a big reward from them, we get the many thanks and the looks in their eyes full of happiness and joy.

Albania

Azerbijan

1475. Mini Cooler An electric field modulated current to transport energy (i.e., heat) from a cold source to a hot source via n- and p-type carriers. In the proposed cooler, the heat removed from the cold source is the energy difference of field emitted electrons from the n-type and p-type semiconductors by the meanwhile, This thermoelectric (TE) cooler can be used in cooling none of using the toxic gasses (CLFC , and toxic gasses) to environment and prevent to need less energy as other cooler one.

2018. The Effects of Air Pollution on KidsThe purpose of this project is to identify the effects of air pollution on children. Though air pollution as a result of traffic is a traeat for everyone,children are far more affected than adults,not only because of their age but because of the height of their mouth and nose from the ground level.As a reslut of the measurements it was proved that air pollution rate closer to the ground is higher than the above level. Pollution rates were determined by 2 different methods. In the first method 4 plywood cases were used: 150 cm and 20 cm. By moistening cotton with ba-sic solutions (soap and detergent), and leaving them in polluted areas for 5 days, we made observations. Second method is ‘Passive sampler method’. We offer a solution to the problem: by an apparatus based on three variables: tap, sea and lime water, we absorbed the air released from the vehicles and dissolve it into water. The taking of the air into the system, which will be set near kindergartens and schools, will be possible by using the pressure each vehicle exerts on the pump of the system. It can also be appiled in shopping malls.The conclusive idea is that children have a greater tendency to be affected from air pollu-tion. The best way to prevent this is to nestle the babies in your arms, so by increasing their distance with the ground surface where pollutants are predominant, you can decrease their possibility to have respiratory problems.

Educing spoilage in agricultural products Brixhilda GurakuqiNensi AhmetbejaCharity ClubAndi CelaFlori Doci

Mini CoolerAflan Garayev Turan BayramliThe Effects of Air Pollution on KidsSultan ValiyevAnar Imamaliyev

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1592. The Removal of Silver from Electroplating WastewaterSilver with its large reflection capability, high electrical permeability and proper-ties such as resistance to organic matter and concentrated acids is among the most widely used metals in metal industries. Because of high cost of silver sup-plies in enterprises metals coated with a thin layer of silver are used. E.g. iron, copper, aluminum and brass is coated on the silver-resistant, corrosion resistant layer is obtained Galvanic technology represents an important place in metal industry. Production activities increasing day by day and the development of industry, the increasing use of galvanic technology industry supplies in metal plating factories has provided discharge of some metals in question into the en-vironment with waste water. Many studies have been made into the reuse of these metals by cleaning those using natural methods in recent years . There have been a lot research and studies related to one of those methods - the wa-ter hyacinth. In this study the recovery of silver taken from the recycled waste water of metal plating factory and solutions prepared in a lab was examined. The study is aimed at recovery of silver. For this reason, a process repeated in the recycling process will be minimized and the silver consumption might lead to the decrease in cost of supplies. Silver plating bath of rinse water discharged into the effects of chemical pollution also contribute to the decrease in the direction will be provided.

International project abstracts

1864. Pump it up ! Our project is about an unusual, hydropower pump. Electric pumps today waste a lot of energy and can break fast, which also means that they waste a lot of money. Money! World’s biggest problem. More than half of the Earth is dealing with economıc crisis. Apart from that we have global warming, all kind of pol-luting. All those things lead to energy wasting. Our pump is here to solve that problem by saving 100% of the electric energy. To make this pump we won’t need expensive materials, we can find them easily. By experimenting, we got some interesting facts about our project. Like we mentioned, our pump will save a lot of money. Everybody will be able to afford it. It’s 100% more effective than those electric pumps that are mostly being used. We believe that our pump will be of great use in the future.

1900. Neem en SageDo you know how much people die from diseases such as malary and diabe-tes. Milion of people are dying and most of them are kids, unfortunately. Our aim is to stop these problems and reduce number of bacteries moving trough our bodies, so we are using plant called Neem (Azadirachtaindica). With Neem’s fruits and leafes, we will prevent today’s enormous problems. This experiment is done to prove magical effects of Neem’s extract (leafes and oil) which are an-tibacterial and antifungial. They are also good pesticides againts insects. Neem has antipyretic(decreases temperature) , analgesic(decreases pain) and anti-inflammatory properties.Except mentioned diseases which are really big problems today in violation of healty human life, Neem extract also prevents following problems:Skin infections, Neem oil is applicable in treatment of rheumatic diseases, for ex-ample, rheumatic arthritis, gout, osteoarhtritis, pain in back, parasites in bowels, diabetes, diseases of heart, arhtritis or viral diseasesNeem is not easy available in Bosnian area, so like alternative, we are using Sage (Salvia officianialis). Its public name is „queen of plants“, because it is medicine for most of known diseases like Neem. Sage has antibacterial, antifungial and antiseptic activities, and detoxifies blood, decreases level of sugar in our blood, helps with migraine and rheumatism.Why we are using industrial medicines, instead of natural medicines which are really good in easy elimination of diseases without side effects. Besides, it is more economical way in treatment of ourself, and these plants are more available than some kind of medicines. So read more about alternative medicines, and heal yourself!

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Removal of Silver from Electroplating WastewaterMahman AhmadliNijat Muradzada

Pump it up !Erma KurtovicLejla HodzicNeem en SageMirza BegovićAmer Ghadban

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1919. Piezo-tree and rainfall a “perfect” combi-nationIn order to abate pollution, we need to develop alternative and renewable energy sources. In our project we want to show how we can utilize energy from nowadays very rarely used resource, as it is rainfall. Beside getting energy from rainfall we will represent you an unique way of getting energy from wind. To pro-vide energy from rainfall and wind we will use Piezoelectric material. Piezoelectric material are widely used to convert mechanical energy into electri-cal energy. A piezoelectric material develops an internal electric field when com-pressed or streched. If electrical contacts are attached to the material, a quantity of electrical charge proportional to the applied force can be measured.In conclusion we can say that this concept would be considered a good alterna-tive to power systems in raining and windy outdoor environments where solar energy is difficult to gather.

1881. The versatile BananaWe often come to the situation when we throw away the garbage from every kind of fruit and vegetable without knowing how useful it might be. The banana peel, like coffee grounds, tea leaves and orange peels has a lot beneficial quali-ties such as being used as shoe polish, teeth whitener, itch soother, meat ten-derizer, composting, anti depressant and many others. As a result of increased conscious about environment safety and listing priority for building qualitative life of the creatures, we decided to use a banana peel to produce a bioplastic.Why banana peel? When we just think about Uganda, a country that produces 8.5 million tons of bananas per a year, which is approximately 15% of the world’s production meaning that banana is the most frequently used resource in live stock production; just think about the tons of peels that are thrown away that could be helpful somehow. Banana peels where thought to be good choice in producing bioplastic because of its contamination of starch, which plays a main role in the producing it together with the chemicals that could be found in every household such as propane 1,2,3 –triol and NaOH. After reading many research papers, and doing experiments, it took us almost one year until we achieved our goal. We made a bio plastic from banana peels, and next step was to check where else banana peel can be used. By reading articles we concluded thought that ba-nana peel excess might be used as biomass briquettes instead of firewood, and by this way we can help eroding of the land which leads to better development of the world. For biomass briquette we need to mash the banana peels to a pulp in a hand operated mixer. This pulp is mixed with sawdust to create a moldable material, and then compressed to the briquette shapes. Using waste to create bio plastic and fuel is key to sustainable development and this method can be easily transferred across the world, by the mean of versatile banana.


1450. Sustainable Reuse of Waste InsolesThe whole region around Novo Hamburgo city is full of shoe industries. Therefore we have several industries that are involved with the production of components like: leather, soles, insoles, heels, etc. The insoles are an important part to give structure and stability to the shoe. However, when you cut them it remains a lot of material that is left over. This residue is compound from several materials and they can’t be separate and also will not be used by the factories that produce the shoes. As they can’t be reused and does not easily degrade they are discarded in specialized embankments, so it creates a garbage accumulation. The general formulation of the rest of the materials consists in a polymeric layer, a layer composed of fibers and another one from cardboard, this last one com-posed basically by cellulose. The project consists in the use of the glucose ob-tained by acid hydrolysis of cellulose contained in the residues of the insoles to produce ethanol and sustainably apply the remaining material of this process. To achieve the objective the insole residues were mechanically grinded to increase the efficiency of the subsequent reactions by increasing the contact surface. The next step consists in the acidic hydrolysis of the cellulose present in the insoles

Brazil

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Piezo-tree and rainfall a “perfect” combinationFaris HrvatKerim BećirevićThe versatile BananaAmina Sefić

Sustainable Reuse of Waste InsolesVanessa dos ReisMarina Escobar Borsatto

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International project abstractswith a solution of hydrochloric acid 1M. In order to accelerate the reaction, the process was autoclaved and put in a shaker. In order to qualify the hydrolyzate to find out the presence of glucose produced it was made a chromatography using a thin layer and for the quantification of glucose in the hydrolyzate it was made a titrimetric analysis with Fehling solution. After these procedures, the solution en-tered to the process of fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce ethanol which had its qualification and quantification done by gas chromato-graphy. The waste material resulted of the acid hydrolysis process were filtered, dried and destinatited to be tested to incorporate in concrete. The results ob-tained until now indicate that it is possible to produce ethanol by fermentation of glucose obtained by a process of hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid of the cel-lulose present in the waste of insoles. The research had its objectives confirmed because the sustainable use of waste material represents a decrease in the amount of this waste destined for landfills, contributing to reducing the environmental impact.

1921. Bioconversion of sugar beet molasses into ethanol Before automobiles were created, life was arduous for people and if we look back centuries ago, human used to use animals as a mean of transportation for in-stance, horses and elephants. Until in the early twentieth century, the first inter-nal combustion engine was invented. To power this engine, gasoline is used and this new invention has changed the whole world. However, Fossil fuels or gaso-line supplies have permitted an exponential rise in human populations across the world and the demand of gasoline needed for transportations of modern life is increasing rapidly everyday. A country that is still developing like Cambodia consumes high amount of gasoline for the need of transportations that causes problems both the economy, due to the increment in price, to human health and global environment. As a result, many changes have occurred in the world of gasoline. For example, an alternative fuel is used in order to cut down the usage of gasoline. Consequently, we have been working on a project “Bioconversion Of Sugar Beet Molasses into ethanol” in order to create an environmentally friendly product, bioethanol for my country as well as for the whole world.

1922. Gasifier StoveAs using and burning lots of fossil fuels cause lots of problems especially to the environment. So, there’s an idea of using agricultural residues for energy con-version and this is called “gasifier stove for energy.” Burning the biomass to get energy for cooking is way more safety than using electricity or other cook stoves which they release a lot of Carbon Dioxide or Carbon monoxide that affect the environment while the gasifier stove emits no smoke and costs cheaper compare to the use of the cook stoves. Moreover, this is the best option for rural people who could make their own gasifier and use the rice hulls which cost them less than buying wood or charcoal for cooking. The procedure of doing this experi-ment is not difficult unless we are not be careful, therefore it can release lots of smoke. First, we have to lit the paper and put it inside the gasifier that is already filled with the rice hulls. The chemical reaction occurs after the surface of the rice hulls is burned and the flame will come out and the energy is created, so that we can start cooking. The reaction is completed after the rice hulls are all burnt and become ash. As the result, the leftover or the ash is called “bio-char” is not a waste product. It can be used as a fertilizer and it works better than other normal fertilizers. Lastly, using this gasifier stove would takes some times building this one, but it lasts longer than using the combustible gas which cost a lot.

1932. From waste to energy, Papaya seeds bio-dieselThe sweet aroma of the most typical Cambodian fruit is known as the papaya. Moreover, its benefits are upon the edible part of the fruit. Oil can be also ex-tracted from papaya seeds. Currently, papaya seeds oil can be used for medicinal

Cambodia

Bioconversion of sugar beet molasses into ethanolSoklida ChanIlita UngGasifier StoveMavanneh KhieuDayana PhonFrom waste to energy, Papaya seeds biodieselSokputhiseth VongSatya So

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purposes, cosmetics, and more surprisingly, biodiesel’s significant reduction of virtually all regulate emission, and shows biodiesel doesn’t pose a threat to hu-man health. Therefore, demand for fuel is increasing dramatically; we need to find ways to produce fuel and explore the society for biodiesel sources as much as we possibly can.However, the whole three main processes involved oil extraction, measuring FFAs, transesterication. The production process converts oils and fats into chemi-cals called biodiesel, there are also filtering and boiling for purifying purpose throughout the process. Roughly speaking, there’s need KOH and methanol to 55celsius, biodiesel can be obtained, again the biodiesel isn’t yet pure enough to be called biodiesel, and further filtration is needed.Mostly, papaya seeds are discarded in Cambodia. The process is cost-efficient, with price of papaya is so low. Moreover, in the harvested area tons of papaya were harvested every year in Cambodia, with the addiction of biodiesel produc-tion, papaya will be know for more than being a fruit and not to be wastes any-more.

2023. Valorization of coffee grounds for a new sustainable development- Natural BiodieselWhile Southeast Asia coffee bring to mind countries such as Vietnam, Indonesia and especially Cambodia that is emerging as a significant coffee growing region. Coffee plants are cultivated at about 2600 feet above sea level and irrigated by streams flowing through the area. Although Cambodia coffee production is less well-known but the possibilities of the broaden horizontal in this area is to be expected. For instance, The Coffee Plantation Resort, a three hectare coffee farm about 2 kilo meters from the center of Mondulkiri Province exported 5 tons of coffee beans abroad in 2010. Biodiesel are becoming increasingly popular be-cause of the uprising price of the fossil fuels these days. Biodiesel can be made from materials derived from plants which use Carbon dioxide to grow that means that they have a much lower carbon footprint than petroleum-based fuels. The research has been made in this project for the extraction of oil from coffee ground. The bonus of this project is that the coffee ground have nothing to be wasted. The leftover coffee ground can be turned into fuel pellets from wood stoves and boilers or use as compost.


1840. Milk production based on peanutsThe growth (development) of the world population requires an ıncreasing of enough diversified food products so as to fight against the famine that ravages the population of some african asiatic, south-american regions. In order to dring some nutritious elements in to this population and especially to children in need of a good physical development growth. We set about (started) studying the way peanuts can give us or produce milk which is a complete food : Virgin (pure/untouched) and fertile lands of africa and especially that of d.r.congo, are able to supply (provide). Considerable quantitifs that will produce vegetable milk in an ımportant quantity.Specific objectives: Production of vegetable milk in industrial quantity, fight against ınsufficiency of nitritious elements from different elements, industriali-zation of the production of milk (milk production).Global objective: Fight against malmitrition recorded (spotted) from little kids (children) more in Africa than in the wide world.

Chad

Valorization of coffee grounds for a new sustainable development- Natu-ral BiodieselSophea Dalika Bora

Milkproduction Based on Peanuts Abdallah Rozz Teguil Mahamat Saleh Mahamat Senoussi

23

Relationship between sexual deprived Drosophila, NPF, and the following behaviorsChing-Feng ChenSelf-powered Light-emitting Diodes: Using LEDs as Solar Cells and LampYi-Hsuan WuDi-Hsuan Kuo


1824. Relationship between sexual deprived Drosophila, NPF, and the following behaviorsA study published on Science shows that male fruit flies, which are rejected by female flies during courting, tend to take more alcoholic food. The same study also demonstrates the concurrent decrease of a neurotransmitter Neuropeptide F(NPF) in the brains of rejected male flies. Our experimental results showed that the ethanol food consumption response after rejection can be separated into two stages. Right after the rejection, the male flies actually avoid ethanol. How-ever, after ethanol consumption, their ethanol avoidance becomes reversed to ethanol preference that is stronger than normal. Moreover, the rejection also caused a number of ‘’emotion-like” behavior changes, including courting motiva-tion and ether consumption. We also found that flies with lower NPF amount in brain have behavior changes that mimicked those caused by courtship rejection. Thus our results demonstrated that rejection caused the decrease of NPF, which in turn caused a number of behavior changes.

1858 Self-powered Light-emitting Diodes: Using LEDs as Solar Cells and LampLight-emittingdiodes (LED) are frequently used as effective electroluminescence devices. The diode can, however, be reversely used as a photovoltaic device, such as a solar cell or a light detector. In this project, we investigate the capability of producing photoelectric effect in a LED, identify the critical parameters, and process a customer design for a LED array to be used as a photovoltaic device.It is found that LEDs have reasonable output power and fill factor, which are im-portant parameters for a solar cell. Light concentration on LED array, and circuit design of the LED power supply and external power storage circuit are found to be the key factors to optimize the capability. Multiple functions of LED as a solar cell and lamp are proved to be feasible.

Chinese Taipei

1449. Heat ReviverIn China, we have over ten thousand temples with 100 thousands of incinerator stove for different worship ceremony and we has a lot of traditional ceremonies that involved burning paper incense. Each year, we burn tones of papers for wor-ship service, also heat is one of the energy that we can easily find elsewhere, from incinerator, fireplace, oven to volcano. On the other hand, those heat pol-lutants and energy loss are wasted without proper handling. In order to tackle air pollution as well as energy shortage, we are trying to find more efficient ways of utilizing heat energy with the incinerator which employ the dual-metals plate. In addition, heat can be converted into electrical energy by using the Seebeck effect, which means that temperature differences can be used to generate elec-tricity. Dual-metals plate is a latest technology, installed by two different metals in different surfaces. We try to mount the metal plates on stove’s heating surface, while the other side equipped with water cooling system, so as to maximize the temperature differences, in order to enhance power generation efficiency. This invention can improve power generation efficiency, and reduce the use of fossil fuels. Compare with the existing methods that convert heat into electrical energy methods, our invention can reduce energy loss with SIMPLE and CHEAP installation because we generate energy directly from the plate that require NO extra expensive infrastructure.

China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Heat ReviverHo Lun ChanHo Ting Lee

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1715. Geo-electric Research of SoilFor our first experimental research we have chosen the area of geophysics. The aim of our study was to prepare models for different soil structure in order to, with the use of the geo-electric sounding, measure the appropriate parameters and link the obtained results directly to the structure of our model. We per-formed the measurement of a specific soil structure in the yard of a house. With the appropriate experimental approach we should be able to obtain results that could be used to analyze the soil structure. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate how using geo-electrical methods can show an “X-ray image of the underground.” Additional motivation for choosing this topic is that this method may be used to determine the dynamics of the upper part of the Earth’s crust, to get a better understanding of the structure. The study of anomalies in strength and movement of geo-electrical currents could indicate earthquakes and help to find natural resources such as water, minerals, oil, all of which have a distinct ecological and economic importance


2084. Porous semiconductors III-V The goal was to prepare semiconductor substrates of GaAs, which would suit practical employment in the epitaxial growth with two main directions of em-ployment. First, in heteroepitaxial growth with lattice mismatch, where we predict, that the porous layer increases the substrate compliance. This solution should enable integration of different materials on one substrate, which is one of the main directions of semiconductor industry nowadays. Second, in the pos-sibility to separate the epitaxial layer from the substrate with the possibility to reuse the substrate or to decrease the weight of the structure, which is crucial for example in solar cells for cosmic applications. To reach this goal, Si doped GaAs substrates were electrochemically etched in an aqueous electrolyte of HF+KI. At the beginning the current density was high to create sufficient number of pits, from which the pores could further propagate. Then it was lower, so we could control the depth of the porous layer. Created layers were studied by secondary electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The samples had the surface roughness lower than 2 nm with well-defined depth of the layer and the pits were about 50 nm in diameter. Those parameters enable epitaxial growth.

2085. Application of two mathematical models for calculation of drag force acting on an airfoil in supersonic flow.Supersonic flow, i.e. flow at velocities higher than the velocity of sound, and its effect on a body around which it flows is still a subject of interest for a lot of research centers because the knowledge of this complicated issue is widely applied in internal and external aerodynamics. The example of external aerody-namics can be the design of the shape of military aircrafts’ fuselage that com-monly fly at supersonic speed. From the internal aerodynamics, it is for example design of blading used in the last stages of low pressure cylinders of large output steam turbines. For these purposes, number of mathematical models are used. There are some complex models that include lot of factors and are very compli-cated and some simplified models that include only the main features of super-sonic flow. Such two models were used for calculation of drag force acting on an airfoil in supersonic flow. In our case, the airfoil represented section of a probe stem used in a supersonic wind tunnel for real measurements. The first model consists of averaged Navier-Stokes equations and a model of turbulence. The second model is based on linearized potential equation and theory of oblique shock waves. While commercial code was used to solve our problem with the first model, the second model was implemented into an in-house code. Results obtained using the two models were compared. Resulting distributions of Mach number around the airfoil agree reasonably well. Yet there is a difference in the values of calculated drag force. Contribution of this research lies in the compari-

Croatia

Czech Republic

Geo-electric Research of SoilIva ŠimovićMario Matković

Geo-electric Research of SoilIva ŠimovićMario Matković

25

son of the two models and in finding whether the simpler model is able to give reasonably accurate results. For the first idea, the simpler model seems to be ap-propriate as it is fast and robust. However, to correctly assess performance of the simpler model, we should compare obtained results also with experimental data.

2086. Measurements of chlorophyll fluore-scence. Future of agriculture?This work deals with the measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves. The aim of the study was to measure the curves in different plant samples through the entire phylogenetic system. Subsequently, an analysis was done and a correlation between the shape of the curve and the position of the sample in the phylogenetic system was investigated. The result is a summary of the fluo-rescence induction curves. Lower phylogenetic groups of plants are character-ized by the presence of specific dip bounded by additive steps H and G, which in case of higher plants (angiosperms) was not observed. This fact prooves that the kinetic of electron transport through photosystem I differs among different phylogenetic groups. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence is fast and very sensitive method and may serve as non-invasive tool for screening of hundreds of plant samples per hours as vitality screening in precise agriculture.

2087. Nanokegs with the ability to bind anionsBambusurils are macrocyclic molecules, made up of several glycoluril units con-nected together via methylene bridges. These macrocycles have the ability to bind negatively charged particles inside their cavity. Presented in my work is a new anion detection method utilizing the bambusurils and NMR spectroscopy. Bambusuril is able to change its conformation depending on the size and shape of the anion bound within. Bambusuril’s complexes with various anions are dis-tinguishable from each other in NMR spectra. Therefore, after an analysis of the solution with bambusuril and an anion, it is possible to determine which anions the solution contained. In my work, I’ve collected chemical shift values of seve-ral bambusuril-anion complexes. With this data, it is possible to very quickly qualitatively determine the anions contained in the solution. Presented also is a synthesis of the macrocycles. For the purposes of anion detection, dodecabe-nyzlbambus[6]uril has proven to be the best because of its superior solubility over the other bambusuril analogues. Synthesis of these macrocycles is not very difficult and uses only very basic and accessible chemicals.

2088. Depth-Dependent Investigation of Photo-voltaic Conversion Efficiency of Thin Film Solar CellsInvestigation of a connection between photovoltaic conversion efficiency of thin film Si solar cells and illuminating light wavelength was in the center of my inter-est in the frame of the Open Science project. In the first part of the internship, basics of photovoltaics were understood e.g. structure of a solar cell, photo-voltaic conversion, current-voltage characteristic and its parameters changing at different conditions (temperature, light intensity). On the base of this knowledge, a computer animation explaining operation of a solar cell was done. Current-voltage characteristics were measured either by applied adjustable resistance into the circuit or by Suns-Voc method. In the second part of the internship, spec-trum of a xenon flash lamp was measured by a spectrometer without filter and with 5 filters of different colour (colour plastic film). Appropriate combination of filters was chosen to select shorter light wavelengths (up to 570 nm), longer light wavelengths (from 580 nm) and infrared wavelengths. Shorter wavelengths are absorbed closer to the surface of a solar cell that longer ones. Open-circuit voltage Voc generated by an illuminated solar cell at the state of open circuit is commonly used as a parameter of material quality. On the base of these facts, current-voltage characteristics of two thin film Si solar cells were measured by Suns-Voc method using different spectra of a xenon lamp with filters. Both solar cells were identical, just one detail was different - one solar cell went through the


Measurements of chlorophyll fluore-scence. Future of agriculture?Miroslav PeřinaNanokegs with the ability to bind anionsVít VšianskýDepth-Dependent Investigation of Photovoltaic Conversion Efficiency of Thin Film Solar CellsLukáš Pavelka

Czech Republic

26

hydrogen plasma passivation, the second one not. The hydrogen plasma pas-sivation is a manufacturing procedure used to improve quality of the solar cell. On the base of my results, the passivation significantly improved Voc of the solar cell. Moreover, I have uncovered that while Voc was relatively different before the hydrogenation, it became more homogenous after the passivation. The best relative improvement was observed in the deepest investigated layer of the so-lar cell. The hydrogen plasma passivation impacts whole solar cell volume and


2082. BiogasIn this project we have proved that people can produce free energy from the kitchen leftovers,ordure, dung and organic leftovers. In our machine we have produced energy freely from these garbages. There is no engine and no ma-chine. It is just garbage. They are kept in a closed tank which has no oxygen and as a result a gas is coming out and we use it in our daily life. We boil our water with this gas. So people do not need to pay a lot of money to buy gas or fuel.Also when we keep these fertilizers and garbages in the tank a liquid is coming out and it is very beneficial for plants to grow up. We have used this biofertilizer (the liquid, coming from the garbages) to grow up our plants. We got more crop from our small garden.We plan to have a meeting with the government to suggest this project and provide people free energy at their homes. It is clean, eco-friendly and cheap. Experts say that in the future people have a great problem about the energy sources. So people should find free energy sources and this is why we did this project.

Georgia

BiogasNika Svanidze

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International project abstracts1504. A novel wound healing product using non - toxic natural ingredientsThe aim of the proposed project is to prepare an Antiseptic ointment using Eco-friendly products against the chemical products. The product is prepared with non-toxic natural ingredients. Mango is the vernacular name of Mangiferaindica. It is a well-known tropical fruit. Mango tree is found wild in India and cultivated in other warm regions of the world. Mangiferaindica is commonly used herb in Ayurvedic medicines. Its leaves are also used to investigate its medicinal proper-ty. Firstly, 375 g of Mango leaves were collected and washed, then about 300 g of the leaves were grinded with 300 ml of water, filtered it and got 300 ml of liquid extract. Remaining 75 g of mango leaves were dried for three days and a powder was made out of it by grinding. The liquid extract and the powder mixture were then boiled with 200 ml of coconut oil for about 15 minutes till the water content evaporates. It is then strained and the liquid content of the above is poured over 75 g of honey wax with continuous stirring. Thus, 300 g of Antiseptic ointment is obtained after cooling for about 60 minutes.The active components and Chemical composition of the product are found out by Phytochemical and HPTLC tests. Phytochemical test done in research lab showed the presence of Carbolic acid (Phenol) which is the component re-sponsible for Antiseptic property. Anti-microbial test did in research lab which was observed against Pseudomonas and Staphaureus showed very low activity. Flame test, soil test and pH are maintained.This Antiseptic ointment can be used in similar manner as commercial Antiseptic ointment for curing various kinds of wounds. This product is Eco-friendly, cheap, safe and as the mango leaves are abundantly available in the nature it is very easy to prepare.

1523. A novel way of treating vegetable pest using TinosporacordifoliaVegetable pests are one of the big threats to farmers as they destroy the culti-vated crops. There are a number of harmful chemicals available in the market to control pests, destroying the cultivated crops which cause large scale of loss to farmers. They are dangerous and cause pollution to the environment. So as to replace the use of these hazardous chemical sprays, we thought of preparing the natural pest control spray from a medicinal plantTinospcracordifolia.General importance and properties ofTinosporacordifolia were collected through discussion with resource persons. Based on this we have scientifically produced a bio-spray which can control the attack of pests on cultivated crops.Materials included in the preparation of the natural spray are Tinosporacordifo-lia leaves and water for dilution. Preparation method:-4 kg ofTinosporacordifolia leaves were taken and crushed well. This should be filtered to get one liter of concentrated solution. Before spraying to the crops, dilution is required in the ratiol:2 with water.Proper viscosity, surface tension and pH E.C, of the extract is maintained. The mortality rate of our spray is 100%. We did more than 10 trials to get best re-sult. Field trail is done with the help of six farmers. Thus our product is effective, which is found to be very effective as chemical sp*ay available in the market. It is economically viable and, Eco friendly and involves easy methodology. We also performed soil test of sprayed soil sample which proved that spray increases soil nutrients.

1838. Fibres from weedNatural fibres, which occur in nature---produced by plants and animals, They are a class of hair-like materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elon-gated pieces, similar to pieces of thread. We thought of using a very common weed growing in the wasteland- the communist plant or the Eupatorium. The stem of this plant is used in making the fibres. After soaking the stem in water for a week the vasculature is extracted by removing the outer portion of the stem which becomes soggy. The fibres thus got are sun dried and processed using 0.5% lime water.These fibres are shiny and soft and of 0.2mm thickness.

India

A novel wound healing product using non - toxic natural ingredientsSanjana Puttur RameshA novel way of treating vegetable pest using TinosporacordifoliaSagar MottetadkaGautham BolwarFibres from weedDeepika C NAyesha Fahima M S

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These fibres can be woven to get the ropes of different thicknesses. The strength of the ropes has been tested against the ropes of jute and coir available in the market. Various weights have been suspended from the ropes to test its strength. These fibres can be used in the manufacture of utility items. Colours and patterns can also be added to make it attractive and increase its durability. It is a very com-mon unwanted plant growing in our area which cannot be easily removed. So by using this plant for the preparation of ropes, we can say we are trying to solve the problem of weed removal and also make a utility item.

1906. Micro weather forecast with the help of GSM based automatic weather stationsToday weather forecasting is important to save people and reduce causali-ty from upcoming natural weather phenomena. Weather forecasting is based on weather data, satellite picture, geographical condition and much more. At present weather data are collected from manual weather stations from selec-ted areas due to cost effect factor. Hence limited weather data are available for analysis which results into a large scale forecast. Due to manual system more time in communication to convey the messages to the different places are uses. These consecutive differences require to established new weather communica-tion system which is based in real time to meet the needs of the people and to achieve the use of people. To reduce the cost and to get real time weather data I have created a system which measure weather data and transmitting / receiving through GSM which will updated into weather web site automatically. With the help of different weather parameters and utilizing diverse forecasting formulas calculate local weather forecast which will uploaded & updated into weather web site automatically. By the analysis of more weather data on weather map, issues accurate forecast and inform the weather forecast to different emergency/rescue teams (i.e. Disaster management) before time and vulnerability reduces with respect to all types of hazards and natural distress. The analysis showed my system to be better in real time data transmitting, saves tremendous govern-ment revenue and accurate forecast compare to existing weather system. Thus I have created a novel system that can replace the existing expensive weather system with a more accuracy option.

190. A Novel eco-friendly technology to keep the banana leaf green for 1 year without using any chemicalsBananas are mainly grown in Asia, Africa, Latin America & Caribbean. Our coun-try produces banana leaf worth for about 90 billion per year. About 90 % of gross production goes waste due to lack of preservation technology. Naturally, Leaves don’t stay long it will dry in 2-3 days and is generally thrown away as waste. I have created a novel technology that preserves banana leaves for about one year without using any chemicals. This technology not only preserves leaves for longer availability, it also increase its durability, Stretch ability, crushability, resis-tant to extreme temperatures, weight holding capacity, creates the Banana leaf more convenient to make any utilities and thereby creating a new opportunity & market place for Banana leaf based products. This technology which patent-pen-ding uses many novel processes to protect leafs from pathogenic agents. From these processed leaves I have made utensil like plates, cups, warps and contain-ers which can replace the similar products made out of plastic & paper. These products are very cost effective up to 80 % cheaper. All the samples were tested, compared with plastic samples. Biodegradability test showed the these products are 100 % biodegradable. Temperature resistant test showed the processed leaf resists up to 222o C (Indirect) and -32o C and many other tests are taken which shown positive results that indicated these products could be a suitable biode-gradable substitute for similar products. This tech uses no chemicals, so it does not harms our environment. There is no technology to preserve banana leaves for about one year with its green color so this technology and these products are novel. These products are made from leaves therefore it is 100 % Eco Friendly. Waste of these products is consumable by animals. From this technology we can


Micro weather forecast with the help of GSM based automatic weather stationsAyush PanaraNovel eco-friendly technology to keep the banana leaf green for 1 year without using any chemicalsTenith Adithyaa

India

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reduce up to 59 % of plastic and 18 % of paper. This technology saves 30 million trees per annum and capable of solving 19 challenging environment problems.


1873. Treatment of oil spill by buffing dust as an efficient adsorbentThis project tested the effectivity and selectivity of buffing dust, a waste from leather industry, as an adsorbent for crude oil. In the initial experiment, 180 mL of seawater and 20 mL of crude oil were mixed in a flask and were adsorbed by buffing dust ranging from 2g to 5g. After the process of adsorption, the mixture was shaken in water bath for 30 minutes and filtered using Büchner funnel. The volume of seawater and crude oil in the filtrate were measured. Amount of oil and water adsorbed by buffing dust were then calculated. Based on experimen-tal data, it can be concluded that the more buffing dust used, the more amount of oil was adsorbed, meanwhile, the amount of water adsorbed became less. It indicated that buffing dust of crust leather can be an efficient adsorbent for oil in oil-contaminated water due to its high selectivity.

1874. Simple Way to distinguish fresh and used unbranded cooking oil by using first aid anti-septicUnbranded cooking oil is a type of cooking oil that comes from palm (Elaeis-guineensis) trees as a heat conductor in frying process. The fractionation of unbranded cooking oil is done only once and comes in unbranded packaging that is rated less hygienic so it is economical and chosen by the majority of In-donesians. In 2013, the national consumption of palm cooking oil is estimated approximately 10.21 liters/capita/year, which is 65% of the total national con-sumption is unbranded cooking oil. However, the high consumption rate and economical prices have made many oil retailers to commit fraud by replacing fresh unbranded palm cooking oil with used oil, filtered with various chemical substances and mixing the fresh and filtered unbranded cooking oil. Moreover, filtered unbranded cooking oil harms human because it contains dangerous chemical substances. To distinguish them, Indonesians only depend on the physical characteristics of unbranded cooking oil that is actually can be manipu-lated so it will look exactly the same with the fresh unbranded cooking oil. In this research, the usage of first aid antiseptic solution (10% povidone-iodine) that is dissolved in water can act as an indicator to distinguish unbranded palm coo-king oil. Five droplets of first aid antiseptic solution in 20 mL water poured every 3 mL into three different test tubes and afterward 1 mL of every fresh, filtered, and mixed unbranded cooking oil is added and shook. The pink color shows up in the fresh cooking oil but not on filtered and mixed unbranded cooking oil. So, this research solved that first aid antiseptic solution as an indicator to distinguish unbranded cooking oil.

1876. The Waterproof plasterboardIndonesia is a tropical country with two seasons the rainy season and the dry season which occurs during every half a year. In the rainy season the roof leaks are common for people to find. Rainwater can seep on the plasterboard and cause plaque moldy. Not infrequently a certain volume and water flow can make plasterboard leak. So far, coping is only focused on improving the quality and shape of the roof architecture it self. On the other hand, plastic waste also poses many problems such as the pollutions of air, water, and soil, flood that cause the the people lose their houses and lead casualties, and so on. Organic waste banana was also unused potential. Indonesia as the largest banana producing countries in Southeast Asia and fourth largest in the world has a great potential to produce banana leaf midrib. This experiment aims to find better solutions to address the problem of leaking roofs and problems arising from plastic waste and use of waste banana. Therefore, researchers are looking for new innovative ideas to better tackle the problem of roof leakage, ie by fixing plasterboard to

Indonesia

Treatment of oil spill by buffing dust as an efficient adsorbentGalih RamadhanSyaits AsyamSimple Way to distinguish fresh and used unbranded cooking oil by using first aid antisepticEmilia Astagina IsbonoWani Riselia SiraitThe waterproof plasterboardAgung PratamaRatri Maulutri Larasati

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utilize plastic waste. So that researchers made leakproof with plasterboard made from banana midrib, cornhusk and plastic waste .The results of this study are two-in-one model of plasterboard with a smooth texture, heating at 180°C and mix with PV AC glue. So it can withstand loads of up to more than 2000 grams and is able to withstand temperatures up to 115°C. The density of the plasterboard is 0, 45 g/cm3 which fill the national standard requirement. Beside waterproof it is also fireproof. In addition, absolute nonper-meability and moisture-proof. Plasterboard models also have a tilted structure at the top surface so that water can flow to the outside roof or accommodated with taro in pairs next to the house. In addition, a layer of plastic on top can also withstand water droplets on plasterboard models that do not seep or penetrate plasterboard models. The bottom of the plastic layer of plasterboard is not given because this section will be facing the inside of the house. Thus, this part can be painted as you wish because the material can be fused with paint.


1437. Raising Environmental Awareness through Recycle ArtsThe deputy director of the Iranian Department of Environment says according to a survey every Iranian citizen produces some 700 grams of garbage daily. Only about 8 percent of urban waste is recycled and the rest are buried mainly with unhealthy methods. This statistic sounds worrying. We feel we need to restore our ecosystem. We started to launch an environmental awareness campaign in our school, taught kids how to conserve resources, made crafts by using recy-cled materials and exhibited them for the whole school and community, doing a charity performance at school, selling the recycled crafts, and donating the money to a charity. Through our project,we hope to inspire others to take action.

1446. A study of measuring growth level of PeperomiaMagnoliifolia plant in Aquaponic vs. Traditional FarmingToday’s modern life needs the maximum use of facilities, combining different sciences, etc in order to meet the ultimate needs of mankind in both present and future. This is only possible through preserving the environment; otherwise man’s continuous construction of the biosphere will undoubtedly wipe the planet of life in near future. One of the approaches in this field is establishing some sort of coexistence between plants and fish in Aquaponic system. This pa-per tries to improve the quality of growth of Peperomiamagnoliiaefolia in Aqua-ponic system with decorative fish and traditional methods of soil cultivation. placed

1539. Making homemade glue the plastic body of the pen in order to protect the environmentMaking homemade glue the plastic body of the pen in order to protect the environment,This type of adhesive is a good alternative for chemical adhesives and may even be an alternative adhesive for use by children.

1807. Removing nano-silver by bio absorbtionNano silver is a particle which is so common now a day. Nano silver is used a lot in hygienic industry, since it has the anti-bacteria properties (because of the small size it can get into Bacterial cells & destroy it easily). The problem is that this ma-terial harms the beneficial bacteria along bad bacteria & it gets into our nature with sewage & water. The usage is increasing every day. We can’t stop the world for using it so we decided to find a way before it gets too late & before it gets a big problem just like how plastic did. So in this project we try to find a method to absorb nano silver.

Iran

Raising Environmental Awareness through Recycle ArtsElnaz MorshediNikki Navid AzarA study of measuring growth level of PeperomiaMagnoliifolia plant in Aquaponic vs. Traditional FarmingSara NamazifardGolsa Nayeb Ghanbar HosseiniMaking homemade glue the plastic body of the pen in order to protect the environmentSara SaadatNegin HossainjaniRemoving nano-silver by bio absor-btionRezvaneh Sadat Aghayan Saba Fatemipoorjazin

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International project abstracts1826. Absorption some of the air pollutant Using the electrostatic methodThe air pollution and over going to Critical levels is a disturbing phenomenon and Citizens’ health is endangered. This days Tehran city, the capital of Iran coun-try, Faced with increasing levels of air pollution; so because of this, we decided to make a machine to filter the air, at least, just for our school and class, using the electrostatic method. In fact, the goal is making a machine that absorbs the air pollutant. From viewpoint of the project, making condenser is the best way to absorb most of the air dusts.we made a device with condenser. And did 9 experiments to correct the device for having an exact test.then,we tested dif-ferent materials for filtering the air for example: key board cleaner, nano napkin and then we did tests that the variable was van de graaff voltage and this is the result: The conclusion is: increasing the voltage, makes the absorption, stronger, so we can continue the tests in the future to see the results for more voltages to specify extreme absorption of air pollution.

1860. Newly Developed C4 DetectorThe detection of explosives and explosive-related compounds has become a heightened priority in recent years for homeland security and counter-terror-ism applications. There has been a huge increase in research within this area – through both the development of new, innovative detection approaches and the improvement of existing techniques. Developments for miniaturisation, por-tability, field-ruggedisation and improvements in stand-off distances, selectivity and sensitivity have been necessary to develop and improve techniques. Thisreview provides a consolidation of information relating to recent advances in explosive detection techniques without being limited to one specific research area or explosive type. The focus of this review will be towards advances in the last 5 years, with the reader being referred to earlier reviews where appropriate.

2025. Isolation &identificatioon of beneficial rhizophere bacteria in the root of (oak fig pear and pomegranate in different regions in Kurdi-stan)The detection of explosives and explosive-related compounds has become a heightened priority in recent years for homeland security and counter-terror-ism applications. There has been a huge increase in research within this area – through both the development of new, innovative detection approaches and the improvement of existing techniques. Developments for miniaturisation, por-tability, field-ruggedisation and improvements in stand-off distances, selectivity and sensitivity have been necessary to develop and improve techniques. This review provides a consolidation of information relating to recent advances in explosive detection techniques without being limited to one specific research area or explosive type. The focus of this review will be towards advances in the last 5 years, with the reader being referred to earlier reviews where appropriate.

Iraq

Absorption some of the air pollutant Using the electrostatic methodNiusha Basirhaghighi Fatemeh Yarahmady

Newly Developed C4 DetectorDastan Othman HasanIsolation &identificatioon of benefi-cial rhizophere bacteria in the root of (oak fig pear and pomegranate in different regions in Kurdistan)Shene Azeez FarajAvin Abubakir Ahmed

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International project abstracts2090. Development of an air quality service using mobile carbon monoxide sensors We have developed a System, that consists of a database, a server and 150 car-bon monoxide’s sensors, that allow people, with an application for smatphones, to find the lowet polluted path between two points in Trento, our city.

Italy

1656. Bioremediation of natural reservoirs of heavy metals using azollyAgriculture is the most important sector in our planet, and it takes 75 % of the workforce of the continent. Two major agricultural areas of the system are these activities: a main traditional subsistence sector and a slight modern economical one. Sometimes those types can exist in several countries. The traditional sector employs the majority of the rural population in Africa and is characterized by small and fragmented farms, little use of technology or fertilizer, high reliance on human work force, low yields, infrequent surpluses, and emphasis on major industrial crops such as corn, rice, sweet potatoes, peanuts and other food pro-ducts of high starch (Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia, 1999). It is in this type of the traditional sector the problem of chemical fertilizers can be limiting factor for agricultural development and increasing the production of industrial crops. Peasant subsistence type of agriculture prevents the existence of the required capital, namely, to buy those chemicals and often contribute to food shortages.Under these conditions, which are associated with the lodging of fossil fuel re-serves and of the increasing cost of commercial nitrogen fertilizers, it is neces-sary to calculate the other economic and technical options that can contribute to solve or to help this problem. One of these alternatives is the usage of bio-logical fertilizers, especially associated with the use of symbolic systems by the plants, combined with nitrogen fixation. This is the case of water fern of Azolla genus which gives a symbolic association of cyanobacterium Anabaena Azolla and it is quite common on this continent. For those reasons, the use of Azolla is a yet real choice as a green fertilizer, especially in developing countries, where the labor force has the low price. In industrialized countries, the potential of Azollais symbolic, the system that fix the nitrogen should continue to be used for more developing environmentally friendly farming system, namely, in specific parts of this important economic activity.

1776. Anaerobic digestion of municipal solid wastes in KazkhstanIn future, the best practicable environmental option will be deriving energy from waste. Energy recovery technologies include combustion of waste and anaero-bic digestion (AD). However, combustion of the wet stream of MSW does not provide efficient energy recovery. So the advantages offered by AD are worth exploring for the wet stream of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) of Astana and else-where. To conclude, the whole process of anaerobic digestion of MSW and its benefits were mentioned. Moreover, some social and environmental issues were stated as well. I think that anaerobic digestion of MSW should be implemented in Kazakhstan, because not only the amount of MSW will be reduced, but also the energy could be gained from them. Furthermore, as it was aforementioned, this system is affordable for Kazakhstan.

Kazakhstan

Development of an air quality service using mobile carbon monoxide sen-sors Project description and back-groundPietro RosattiDaniele GadlerAndrea Pedot

Bioremediation of natural reservoirs of heavy metals using azollyZhansaya UaliyevaAyan YerekeshAnaerobic digestion of municipal solid wastes in KazkhstanRauana ErezhepovaNessibe Zhussipova

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2044. Green PesticidePests are an obstacle most homeowners contend with at some point in their lives. There are many types of pests, ranging from the typical sugar ant and cockroach to many species of hornets, wasps, and bees. When determining the best way to go about killing pests in the home and outside in the garden, one should keep in mind the potential side effects of traditional pesticides. Our re-search has linked these pesticides with many environmental and health risks, including harming the air, water, soil, and surrounding wildlife as well as causing mutations, birth defects, genetic abnormalities, and poisonings in humans. Non-toxic pesticides are an excellent solution for homeowners who want to rid their homes, lawns, and gardens of pests in an environmentally safe manner. There are many types of non-toxic pesticides, depending on which types of pests you are dealing with. Regular pesticides contain harmful chlorofluorocarbons that are non biodegradable. They remain in the environment for many years and deplete the ozone layer. Use of pesticides in most areas in our country has resulted to disruption of the food webs. For instance in most areas in central province, the rivers have no frogs due to overuse of regular pesticides. We have come up with a pesticide that will not harm the environment since it is made from plants i.e. no synthetic chemicals.

2046. Making biodegradable plastic from pota-toesThe problem that Kenya is facing today is environmental pollution. Too much of rubbish thrown on ground or burnt leads to global warming. It is found that the highest number of rubbish is of plastic. This project will explain how Kenya can be released from these problems because it advices not to use plastic but bioplastic. We came up with this project when we realized how bad the envi-ronmental conditions have become in Kenya. This project on making plastic by using potato starch as very efficient as it is completely biodegradable and does not harm the environment.

2049. Guava soup to treat skin diseasesWe were determined to know if making soap out of the extracts of guava leaves would be possible. We were inspired by the fact that guava leaves are known for disinfecting wounds and treating acne. We started off by boiling guava leaves with water. With the extract that was produced, they mixed it together with So-dium Hydroxide, oil and more water. After a lot of work the right soap was pro-duced. Therefore, it is concluded that out of guava leaf extract it is possible to make soap. This study aims to produce a bath soap that is effective in treating skin problems and skin infections. We have decided that it is best to incorporate herbal plants in a product since it is the main focus of the population nowadays and are readily available in our surroundings.


Kenya

1419. Paper money, a novel vector for liver can-cer: Detection of molds & toxins, assessment of cancer risk and solutionsCottonseed is one of the favorite substrates where Aspergillus molds produce their toxin, aflatoxin. From substrates where it is produced, we observed that cotton has received the least attention and that paper money was 75 % cotton.

Kosovo

Green PesticideJoyce ArinaAzmi AbdulwahidMaking Biodegradable Plastic from PotatoesLoise Tabitha OkuruNasreen Bandali BachuGuava soup to treat skin diseasesUmrah AnzarSulem Osman

Paper money, a novel vector for liver cancer: Detection of molds & toxins, assessment of cancer risk and solu-tionsFaridin ArifiJeton Neziri

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International project abstractsSo our hypothesis was that since paper money is a kind of vector that is used by many people of different occupations with different levels of sanitation, aflatoxin may have been produced successfully. Moreover, the three conditions for the production of aflatoxin were present in our case as well. So are there Aspergillus molds present in our money and are they producing the aflatoxin, were the main questions addressed in our study, which turned to be true. We may have done a great job discovering that paper-money, which is used frequently in daily lives, could elucidate that one of the most risky and highly contributing materials are a cause of cancer.

1536. Flora on ash Hills formed by thermal powerplant activityLignite coal is the energy source for many countries.The fly ash which is the waste product of lignite burning,is large area of infields, is distributed to the air, makes acid rain, thus, represents a major problem to the environment. Our re-search resulted in the identification of 27 families, 80 genera and 105 species of plants that can grow on ash, making our first solution, planting the fields with these species, whereby the roots of plants penetrating to the ash, preventing the dispersal of ash particles. The second solution is the use of the ash in increasing the efficiency of water-holding capacity of the soil.Our experimental set-up re-vealed that the 50% soil-50% fly ash mixture was the best combination for many plants to grow fastest.In this way the amount of ash can be reduced by being used elsewhere to increase the crop yield with being a part of the soil mixture.

1538. A new safe flame: The increase in the effi-ciency of hydrocarbon burning and decrease in the CO emission upon the application of excess O2 gas and magnetic field Most of the countries use natural gas for house heating in winter.Many people die due to the CO gas which comes from the incomplete combustion of these gases.CO is flammable very hazardous since it is very toxic and odorless.It can therefore cause domestic accidents if heating systems are poorly maintained.The aim of our project is to reduce CO gas emissions and increase the efficiency of combustion of hydrocarbons through the use of magnetic field and excess O2 gas that is obtained by adsorption of air on zeolite(Oxygen generator).If this idea is proved and developed scientifically,it would decrease the concentration of CO in air therefore it would have a huge role in environment and in people’s health.Hopefully,we would also save energy by increasing the efficiency of burning of hydrocarbons.As a result,we achieved most of our aims; we managed to save some of the hydrocarbons while increasing the efficiency of the burning.

1642. River Cleaner Mark 1Rivers are the one of the most important water sources, especially for rural areas and people with low income. Usually these waters are polluted ,thus they might impact humans health through the living process. Rivers get polluted everyday by the human factor without the thought of what the causes will be.Our Purpose is to clean these rivers, so we found a solution for this problem and we named that solution “The River Cleaner Mark 1”. The R.C.M1 is a machine that will clean the rivers from all the floating garbage. It works in a 100% eco-friendly way by taking all the garbage. It will also generate its energy needed through a genera-tor founded behind the R.C.M1 that will convert mechanical water energy into electrical energy. In conclusion the R.C.M1 works in an easy, efficient and 100 % eco-friendly way without damaging air or land or having other side effects.

1666. Multiplying water energy and increa-sing the water electrolysis by 5 factors with very high efficiency in 100% ecological way Our idea is very ecological we are going to use just water to produce this power-ful energy and then to produce electricity .There is no combustion with side ef-

Kosovo

Flora on ash Hills formed by thermal powerplant activityErmal QireziAlban IslamiA new safe flame: The increase in the efficiency of hydrocarbon burning and decrease in the CO emission upon the application of excess O2 gas and magnetic fieldDrilon PllanaZgjim SadriuRiver Cleaner Mark 1Rubin DaijaMultiplying water energy and increasing the water electrolysis by 5 factors with very high efficiency in 100% ecological wayEdi Muhaxhiri

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fect that can cause any problem to environment its renewable energy. Based on the reason that some countries does not have enough water, we reused water for electrolysis (formed by reaction of Hydrogen and Oxygen) and we reused water that was used for rotating stream turbines because the stream passes through condenser.Multiplication of water energy is that hydropower plant could be used for starting of electrolysis process, that water would be used for electroly-sis, and hydrogen produced will be used in hydrogen-driven power plant, than little amount of electricity produced will be consumed for electrolysis of water and the rest for electricity distributions. This hydrogen-driven power plant will produce al least 16 megawatts of power, or enough energy for 20,000 homes.


1454. Phytoremediation of Uranium RADIATIONNowadays, radiation is one of the global problems. History shows when people suffer in the interest of others. As examples we can take Chernobyl and Fuku-shima disasters. The consequences of these disasters were very huge as radiation leads to different mutations of living beings. The same problem is in Kyrgyzstan in the village of Mailuu-Suu. In Soviet period uranium was mined and processed there. Upon receipt of the necessary components, the remains were thrown nearby the getting place, where residents were living. At that moment uranium was absorbed by soil. To help our citizens, we decided to find a way to clean the soil from uranium. Since the soil was contaminated, the uranium activities were felt in plants that were fed by animals. To prevent radioactive substances from the transition of uranium from one living organism to another, we concluded to neutralize this process in the primary source of infection. We collected several types of plants and measured the concentration of uranium in them. The results surprised us. Among them there were two plant species in which the level of uranium was notable. We conclude that if we put these phytoremediants in suf-ficient quantities, within a few years we will be able to remove uranium from the area. To obtain a positive result: 1. This area should be fenced from cattle, as they can eat the plants and continue the chain of distribution of uranium. This chain is as follows:2. After each vegetational period we need to collect and isolate these phytoremediants(Aegilopstriuncialis, Taeniatherumcrinitum) by placing them in a special containers.3. We ought to dig them in places, where people can`t reach.

1627. Saving heat energy with insulation house methodWhen we first started to thinking about the word “benefit to your country”, we begin to search and realize our ideas. When to simply become a benefactor to your country? There are more answers for that question. Starting from the lowest level of solving that problem we raised our ideas to more useful things. Then we thought about our city’s houses: How they were built or how the citizens lives there and what are the conditions. And our project is “to make the Kyrgyzstan’s houses more comfortable with saving and economizing more energy and more money” by insulating the houses with materials which we can obtain and use easily.

1551. Electromagnetic filter-air cleanerWe used the barrier category as means of receiving a plasma condition of sub-stance.Filtering smoke and cleaning air.

1579. Cleaning Oily WasteWater, Combination of Extraction and Absorption MethodsWe conducted an analysis of existing methods and existing technologies for waste water from oil, based on the analysis chosen are areas of research. We have shown that on the basis of environmental and economic feasibility, the maxi-

Phytoremediation of uranium Radiation aving heat energy with insulation house methidAsylbek PaizovSaving heat energy with insula-tion house method

Electromagnetic filter-air cleanerMukhamed ArslanIsken DunkanaevCleaning Oily WasteWater, Com-bination of Extraction and Absorption Methods.Burulai Jusupbek Kyzi Mukhabbat Umarova

Kyrgyzstan

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mum efficiency of wastewater from oil can be achieved with a combination of extraction and adsorption methods. We find the optimal process parameters of the extraction treatment, as in the batch, and continuous modes. It is shown that the best extractants are mineral oil. After the experiment was developed to ob-tain oil absorbing sorbents based on sawdust, various hydrophobic waxes iden-tified optimum extraction of hydrocarbons from water using sorbents, in dyna-mic and steady-state modes of treatment. It is shown that the best performance has sorbents based chips from spruce and pine wood. The optimal conditions for the cleaning of waste water from oil, a combination of extraction and adsorption methods. We offered the concept of process wastewater from oilcontinuously.

1726. Harmful effects of urineKyrgyzstan, precisely City Osh has many building made up of cement. Heating and cooling account for 50 to 70% of the energy used in the average Kyrgyz home. Every kilogram of our fossil jewel costs not very much. But calculating every day, every week and every month of used energy we’ll get an abundant number. Presenting that 40-30% of this energy escapes simply in air we can say only that we must undertake something to economize energy. Historically homes in the Kyrgyzstan were insulated to a very poor standard, especially when compared to other European nations, but it’s very likely that they will stay,

1790. Effects of waterAllelopathy is a biological term that is characteristic for some plants, algae, bac-teria, coral and fungi by which they produce secretions from different organs or from the decomposition of dead plant that influence the growth and develop-ment of other organisms. Alellopathic influence is more negative then positive.

2039. Special removable Capsules mounted in a planes for safety of passengersFinally the lives of passengers are the important aspect in traveling before short time, when engineers design planes and other transports we want them to take consideration of our removable capsule.


1571. Determination of the Purity of the Milk Fat Content by Using Optical Properties of MilkDetermination of the Purity of the Milk Fat Content by Using Optical Properties of Milk Abstract The purpose of the project is a low-cost and easy to use method and the purity of the milk fat ratio can be measured. In this way, the quality of the milk distributed in school inspection can be done in a relaxed manner. The inten-sity of the light received by the optical path has been found to vary. Using these relations we have determined the amount of milk in a medium. At the same time we know the amount of fat content in milk was detected.

Lithuania

1706. Mineral - heavy metal hunter for having a healthier lifeOn planet Earth humans are the most complex organisms. During their existence they are exposed on different affections by the environment and that reflects on their evolution. We should be aware of the polluted environment. It would be very useful if we could decrease the number of heavy metals that can be found in the soils in industrial areas all over the world because they present a big prob-lem nowadays. The main reason why we chose this project is because they have a bad influence on people’s health and the environment, so we want to prevent that. One of the ways to get rid of them is by using the mineral Zeolite. We chose Zeolite as a way of cleaning the soil because this mineral is economically avail-able for everybody. Our goal is to prove that soil which is contaminated with

Macedonia

Kyrgyzstan

Harmful effects of urineAizada AbakirNurperi NurlanovaEffects of waterEldiyar MuradylovIldar RahimovSpecial removable Capsules mounted in a planes for safety of passengersMikhail ImankulovIakub Balabekov

Determination of the Purity of the Milk Fat Content by Using Optical Properties of MilkMartynas Koroliovas

Mineral - heavy metal hunter for having a healthier lifeEftim RistovAleksandra Nikolova

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International project abstractsheavy metals can be revitalized by Zeolite and after that it can be used in grow-ing vegetables. In the beginning we took soil samples from the highly contami-nated industrial area in the city of Veles, Macedonia. Later the soil samples were examined and we confirmed that the soil was highly contaminated. In the ex-perimental part we used Zeolite in three different concentrations with the same highly contaminated soil. We mixed the mineral with the soil samples and left them to react for one month. Meanwhile we planted wheat in bowls with and without zeolite for us to able to notice the difference of the quantity of heavy metals in each bowl. After one month we separated the Zeolite from the soil, took samples from the grown wheat and had them tested separately using an atomic absorber ICP AES. The atomic absorber gave us the expected results. With the help of the zeolite the quantity of heavy metals is substantially decreased and the most noticeable reaction is seen in planting wheat where the plant has a decreased quantity of heavy metals. Considering that the results are positive we can use this method for having a better environment, cleaner soil and high-quality vegetables.

1788. Synthesis of New Antioxidants, Vitamins (Polyphenols)Quinones and hydroquinones are probably the largest class of organic com-pounds present in various plants, playing important roles in various physiologi-cal processes. The polyphenols, such as flavones and flavonoids, anthocyans and the Coenzyme Q derivatives belong to the family of quinones. Because of their protecting function in the living systems, many quinones are current used as medicaments. Hydroquinones (i.e the reduced forms of quinones) are probably one of the most explored antioxidants, and their use in the medicine is mainly due to their specific functions showing on various pathogenic bacteria. Our project relates to creating a new type of highly polar, at least double negatively charged redox active benzoquinones, notably derived from coenzymes Q0, Q1 and 2,6-dimethoxy benzoquinone, their production and use. The production of these benzoquinones comprises the reaction of dimethoxyl benzoquinones with highly alkaline aqueous solutions. The benzoquinones produced have vari-ous potential applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic industry (named as anti-oxidants, anti-aging agents and similar), in organic synthesis, interfacial catalysis and ion-transfer across biological membranes. In a series of free-radical experi-ments, it was shown that the investigated compounds have a potential to act as antioxidants. Their antioxidative potentials were similar to that of Vitamin C.

1857. Using clay to decrease ammonia, nitrates and nitrites in drinking water In our project we tested water purification using clay in three different factors(mass, time and temperature). First we made a working standard. The sec-ond phase was choosing the best time and mass of clay to stay in water, so that we can use that information to test the third factor – temperature. We tested three different masses of clay (1g, 5g and 10g) for five days. Then we tested 5g of clay in different times (1 hour, 1 day and 5 days). The third phase was test-ing the best temperature needed for the most efficient water purification.Clay is very useful in decreasing ammonia in water, also nitrites. A polluted river with ammonia and nitrite is best purified during the summer with 5g of clay per 100 mL of water. We are hopeful that our project will be helpful for cheaper water purification in the future.

1924. A new ecological solution for floods caused by rivers - BioswaleIn this research we tried to find a permanent solution for flooding. With damag-ing the fields many people lose their source of life and also the country’s budget decreases. So we thought of a new system that would absorb more water and prevent floods – bioswale. It is simple, but effective and not hard to create. It contains rocks, a mixture of compost and sand, top soil, plants, pipes with holes on the sides and on the top part and an overflow control structure. While ex-perimenting we made a flood and put 4 liters of water in 8 attempts, each time adding half a liter. Our result was positive – it absorbed more than half of the water that was put. Our aim in this project is not only to create an Eco-friendly and economical solution but also to save people’s lives.

Synthesis of New Antioxidants, Vitamins (Polyphenols)Katerina GudevaStojan PecevUsing clay to decrease ammonia, nitrates and nitrites in drinking waterEdita BytyqiNuran Elif OzturkA new ecological solution for floods caused by rivers – BioswaleLjubica Pop-TrajkovaMonica Jarkova

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1952. Chemical deposition of quantum-sized semi-conducting thin films of antimony Nanocrystalline thin films of Sb2Se3 are important for the problems related to conservation of the solar energy and its conversion into electrical energy. In this project we synthesized thin layered films of antimony (III) selenide with a chemical deposition method. As a result of our trials we found the best, the most effective and the cheapest way to synthesize them. The thin layer was precipi-tated on a microscopic glass substrates, which previously were treated with a solution of tin (II) chloride.The method we improved for synthesizing thin films of antimony(III) selenide is relatively simple and economical compared with the right now existing methods. This method enables preparing the thin films on a glass substrate. The other and the most important advantage of our method is that, the deposition is done at low temperatures, which doesn’t make any physi-cal and chemical changes on the substrate we are using.

1984. The application of modern genetics tech-nology - improving the quality of breadThis project examines the benefits of modern-day agriculture—a task made nec-essary by the fact that an increasing share of the population has little connection to methods in agriculture—and thus little opportunity to understand the nature of farming, especially the modern advances that are both helping to better feed the world’s people and better protect the environment. Agriculture helps to meet the basic needs of human and their civilization by providing food, clothing, shelters, medicine and recreation. Hence, agriculture is the most important en-terprise in the world. It is a productive unit where the free gifts of nature namely land, light, air, temperature and rain water etc., are integrated into single primary unit indispensable for human beings. The agriculture and modern technologies applied in agriculture actually help us in the way of improving every field in our daily life, especially the field of food. That is why we got an idea to find out what is the possible way of improving the quality of the most important part in our daily nutrition-bread. We formulated our hypothesis: “Can some “simple” meth-ods that are used in other fields be used in the improving of the quality of the bread?” After many consultations with professors, we finally started using gadg-etry with high-quality in order to see whether our hypothesis is true or not. To see which of the Macedonian varieties of wheat have the needed property, we started the procedure by planting, germination, liofilisation of plant mate-rial, DNA isolation, determining the DNA concentration, PCR amplification and electrophoresis. After the electrophoresis, the results from the pictures show us that over 80% from the varieties of Macedonian wheat contain the needed gene and by their crossover we would obtain wheat with better qualitative properties. From the data obtained we concluded and we are announcing that our hypoth-esis is fully supported by the results obtained. With this project we are proving that this is the way of improving the quality of wheat i.e. the quality of bread. In words, with this method the whole field of food in agriculture is improved.


1505. Silica gel from bamboo ashes as moisture adsorbentThe objective of the present work is to extract silica from bamboo ash. In Ma-laysia, bamboo trunks are widely used in preparation of food especially during festive seasons. After the food preparation, the bamboo trunks consider as the waste product. In large quantities it can create disposal problem. Adopting proper strategies may help making something useful out of it before it is been discarded. In the present investigation bamboo trunks were subjected to dry at 100˚C for 24 hours. The dry samples were burned in air to get ash. A simple meth-od based on alkaline extraction followed by acid precipitation was developed to produce pure silica gels from bamboo ash (BA), with minimal mineral contami-nants. The silica gels produced were heated to 80˚C for 12 h to obtain gels. Silica

Macedonia

Malaysia

Chemical deposition of quantum-sized semi-conducting thin films of antimonyEdona KasapiDragan TrajchevThe application of modern genetics technology improving the quality of breadStefani Gjorcheska

Silica gel from bamboo ashes as moi-sture adsorbentSyifa Athirah NazrulJoshua Shanmuganathan

39

and mineral contents of xerogels were determined by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and FT-IR analysis. This study revealed that silica gels with 43.34 % silica content and minimal mineral contaminants can be produced from BA. The silica extraction yield from BA was 96%.

1652. A reusable and everlasting endo surgical grasper using compliant mechanism conceptEndoscopic surgical graspers are the basic tools in endoscopic surgery tech-niques. These graspers act as tissue and organ grasper during the surgery. Endo-scopic graspers are designed in various forms for various types of surgery. This project is a research on the tools for endoscopic surgery techniques. This project involves designing, modification of tools, analysing mechanism and materials used and the cost of making an endoscopic grasper. The mechanism on this tool is based on the first class lever system. Software will be used which I-DEAS (In-tegrated Design Engineering Analysis Software). This software will be used to design the endoscopic grasper and carry out the analysis of maximum affirma-tion and displacement on the components of the endoscopic graspers through Finite Element Analysis (FEA).The chosen materials are Polyvinyl Chloride and Polypropylene 50% Fibre Glass. Based on the results, the value of the maximum affirmation and displacement of the original graspers are 5.17E+04 mN/mm2 and 4.23E-02 mm respectively compared to the modified graspers which obtain the maximum affirmation and displacement of 4.12E+04 mN/mm2 and 3.45E-02 mm. Both values can be accepted because the difference is too little. The design was produced by using rapid prototype. Besides, this modified endoscopic surgi-cal grasper is reusable because the compliant mechanism concepts applied on the grasper enable the surgical instrument to be disassembled for cleaning. This will reduce the cost of surgical operations and the disposal of surgical instru-ment that will help to improve the environment.


1739. Remote Control Via MobileHow could a farmer possibly turn on an irrigation pump without having to be at the fields where the pump is located?, How could we simulate presence at home when we are on vacation?, How could you stop the theft of your vehicle and also recover the vehicle?, How can we save fuel efficiently? Or can we use the natural resources we have? The remote manipulation device, is a technological innovation that is capable of turning on and off, a wide variety of electric devices ( light bulbs, TV, Engines, Motors, Irrigation Pumps, etc…) from any remote loca-tion in the world with the use of a digital dialing enabled telephone. The user simply needs to place a call to the desired device, once the call is automatically answered, the user will dial a series of commands using the phone’s dial pad and this will enable the user to remotely control.

1771. EcopollosOften, both in Mexico and other developing countries, the economic and nutri-tional needs of marginalized rural populations produce irreparable damage to the environment through excessive hunting of native fauna or the clearing of forests to provide grazing lands for livestock, without satisfying these group’s ba-sic needs. This project shows how the development of a simple, inexpensive and efficient incubator adapted to several different energy sources can play a key part in social programs that use small scale poultry production to improve the standard of living of people living in poverty in rural areas that often do not have access to electricity. Without artificial incubation and the rapid growth of bree-ding stock or poultry for meat production that artificial incubation (as opposed to natural incubation) permits, the majority of these programs have not been successful. The aim of this project is to apply in depth understanding of embry-onic development of birds and the requirements of artificial incubation, to the development of an incubator adapted to the needs underdeveloped rural areas.

Malaysia

Mexico

A reusable and everlasting endo surgical grasper using compliant mechanism conceptAhmad Kamal Abdul Manan Muhammad Amirul Aminuddin

Remote Control Via MobileJuan Carlos Villa NegreteEcopollosJuan Carlos Guerrero Olivo

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2017. Development of a 100% organic adhesive based CucurbitaficifoliaConsidering the deterioration suffered by our planet by the indiscriminate use of artificial or synthetic origin used in the home, in industry and in every one of the daily activities performed by the humans that have contaminated the soil, air and water. In this work we developed a 100% organic adhesive and therefore fully biodegradable base of the crust of the fruit of the plant called Cucurbita-ficifolia, which is cultivated worldwide. In our country the population uses it for food purposes in immature stages and other countries give medical use. The re-sult is a product that can be used mainly in office and home school activities as a “semi Resistol” to paste paper. Non-toxic, has an adhesive surface only on paper since 100% organic as we cannot add any chemicals to make it strong adherence to metal or wood could stick.


1597. Healthy grapevines without heavy metalsIn this project we come with an inovative method of combating fungal diseases of grapevines, which nowadays are treated with chemicals based on copper that is a heavy metal and can cause serious damages to the environment. The pur-pose of our project: To study the possibility of using fungi of genus Trichoderma for biological protection of grapevines against fungal diseases. The field investi-gations were carried out on 72 grapevines. Out of the researched Trichoderma species, it is the biopreparation based on T. lignorum in a solution of 6% that pos-sesses pronounced antifungal properties and has an active antagonistic ability too, which even after the first 24 hours oppresses the parasitic fungi aggressively or actively within 10 days it completely cured the grapevine plants. According to our investigations, biopreparations based on Trichoderma are good stimulators of growth, which increase the plant size by approximately 100%.

1750. Energy production in desert by using sands Sand can be used as a fluid. Our purpose is to construct sand power plants in deserts to produce electrical energy. Sand will be collected top of high structure by wind. Collected sand by wind is dropped from top of high structure. When sand reaches the ground, it hits the turbine. The turbine is rotated and electricity is produced by generator.

1805. Recycling SchoolIt is well known that plastic products,especially plastic bottles for pure water and soft drinks,are being one of most dangerous subjects in aspect of protecting our nature.Many companies are doing recycling process with those plastic waste,but the main problem is still ongoing: it is very hard to teach community to send waste plastics to recycle bins. So our project is aiming to develop an idea which will deliver the conciousness or recycling the plastic bottles in any community, with the win-win strategy.We invented a box named Collector,which is reward-ing with small biscuit the person who is disposing empty plastic bottle into col-lector.So the system is rewarding the recycle conciousness.Like 200 empty bottle being collected in one day in our school.Once a week we send them to recycle factory,which sending us fresh plastic nylons in respond.Students using them also(nylon packs).Rewarding second time.Even those nylons being recycled later.

Moldova

Nigeria

Development of a 100% organic adhesive based CucurbitaficifoliaLizbeth Cruz CortesViridiana Tellez Mendez

Healthy grapevines without heavy metalsDimitrie GynjuAnastasia JelezniiEnergy production in desert by using sandsIgor MarinovVasili Rizov

Recycling SchoolBen-Sedonu Abiodun Oreoluwa EmmanuelOgwara Uche Chidi George

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1484. Novel Lignocellulosic Bioethanol Pro-duction by Recombinant Cellulolytic Bacteria Harbouring PDC and HDH II Genesof Klebsiella OxytocaCellulosic ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass is a globally devel-oping technology. The use of lignocellulosic biomass together with cellulosic processing technology and recombination technology provide opportunities to produce third generation ethanol with less competition with food and nature. The lignocellulosic ethanol production could be increased by over expressing the genes. Therefore I have cloned ethanol fermenting genes; pyruvate decar-boxylase (pdc) and alcohol dehydrogenase II (adhII) from Klebsiella oxytoca and transformed into three different cellulolytic bacteria, namely Aranicola proteolyticus, Citrobacter intermedius and Hafnia paralvei then I have studied their cellulosic ethanol production capability. I have observed that Recombi-nant A. proteolyticus produced 5.5% and 4.5% ethanol whereas recombinant C. intermedius and H. paralvei with the same substrates could only produce 3.5% - 3 % and 1,5% - 1% of ethanol, respectively. The recombinant A. proteolyticus strain could be improved further ethanol production so that it can be used for industrial level ethanol.

1720. The Power of sewageEnergy Crisis.A crisis that is being faced by almost all the developing nation through out the world. This crisis needs to be addressed simply and delicately. An idea that is innovative yet feasible is the need of the hour. These are the defin-ing terms of our project. Based on the conclusion that all organic substances can be used to produce electricity ranging from a potato to a sugarcane, we chose to treat sewage water by electrolysis using agar powder as an agent, thus pro-ducing electricity and clean water. The reason we chose sewage was because it helps to overcome another problem being faced by the world’s occupants, that of water pollution. If the same process is done on a larger scale it is possible to produce about 10000 MW of power, which will be enough to power a town.

1721. Energy generated from elevatorsNow a days there is big question on how can we reduce our electricity bills, for this reason we must innovate new ideas on generating cheaper energy sources. Our project is based on how can we generate electricity from the elevators by converting their potential energy to electrical energy and use them in diffrent a-reas. In this world where there are millions of elevators being used every minute, we can save some of the energy in order to contribute in a more greener world!

1815. Waste tyres a big problem or can it be val-ued as Black DiamondEver since the beginning of industrial revolution on earth, our biosphere has been facing a lot of ecological problems which are hypothetically and experi-mentally proved to create havoc for mankind as well as are expected to result in the end of life. Our project actually started from the day when my father on his car’s worn tyre said: ‘I wish I could make use of this tire.’ I along with my friends did a lot of research on tire wastage as well as applications to reduce it whether directly or indirectly.The main focusing points of our project are different form the others’ as we have taken measurements not only from industrial side, we also have measured the economic and ecological hazards as well as many useful methods and applications to solve this puzzle.

1760. CompostingThe project is designed to reduce waste and generate benefit at the same time. The initial idea was inspired by two different instances. The first one being the operation of a Non-governmental student run organization in Swaziland work-ing to help the Swazi Refugees, and the second one being the Swedish waste to energy model of extreme efficiency. This whole method, which has been la-belled as ‘Organic Recycling’, can be performed in 3 stages: 1.Waste Identifica-


Pakistan

Novel Lignocellulosic Bioethanol Production by Recombinant Cellu-lolytic Bacteria Harbouring PDC and HDH II Genesof Klebsiella OxytocaBaila Ayaz SoomroThe Power of sewageArslan SaeedEnergy Generated from ElevatorsMuhammad Shariq ImranWaste tyres a big problem or can it be valued as Black DiamondMuhammad Salman Khan RanjhaCompostingAreeba Nadeem PirzadaFatimah ZahidMishal KhanDaniyal Atta Maan

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tion: sifting out biodegradable waste from other wastes such as metal, glass, medical supplies and non-biodegradable plastics. 2.Deciding on the method of recycling: using a commercial compost bin or a compost pit. 3.Harvesting and using/allocating the end product*: Fertilizer can be used on personal land or can be sold.


1453. Lemongrass as natural repelentThe lemongrass is a very well known plant in our country for their medicinal properties, but you can also give other uses. As the city of Encarnación has un-dergone major changes due to the water reservoir of the dam Yacyretá, because of that our city has been surrounded by water, which attracts insects and this allows that they proliferate and multiply themselves. We have investigated more about the lemongrass, and we found that it has repellent properties, so we look a possibility to elaborate a product made of this plant to frighten flying insects. This led to pose the following question Can the natural repellent from lemon-grass replace other repellents to be used as an effective, natural and inexpensive product by the citizens in Encarnación city? This research is performed in the city of Encarnación since February of 2012 to end of July of the current year. As ob-jective has been raised: Demonstrate the benefits provided by the use of natural repellent made from lemongrass, and the knowledge that people in Encarnación city possess about these. To get this we have used a quali -quantitative, descrip-tive, experimental research, using closed questionnaire survey to 200 people. We have also prepared repellents based on lemongrass with subsequent imple-mentation. To test its effectiveness samples have been provided to three fami-lies living near the Paraná River. The scientific procedures have resulted in the achievement of the objectives, the tests carried out made it possible to validate the hypothesis by which we may conclude that the natural repellent based on lemongrass inhibits and repels flying insects, it is not harmful to humans and the environment, and in addition this plant can be found in abundance in the area.

1456. Music and EnvironmentRelaxation music is the use of music and musical elements designed to facilitate, promote communication, relationships, learning, movement, expression, orga-nization and other relevant therapeutic objectives in order to satisfy the physical, emotional, mental, social and cognitive needs. The general objective is to devel-op the ecological sense of children and youth at Sunflowers School in the city of Encarnación by applying music in its environment, also using it as a tool to pro-mote the protection of nature. The specific objectives investigate the effects of relaxation music in the academical environment, show the importance of relax-ation music for the protection of nature and achieve a great change in the minds of people by developing the ecological sense. Therefore, the following question has emerged; Can music be a tool for the protection of nature and the improve-ment of the academical environment? Using music in classes and school’s cor-ridors encourage the cleaning and care of the classroom and the environment. This research has a qualitative approach that is based on the detailed analysis and performed by means of the data collected. Furthermore it is subjective as it has been experimented with groups of students using the relaxing music. Based on the objectives, it can be established that according to surveys and tests performed to 200 students of Sunflowers School, the benefits of relaxation mu-sic are high, as it helps to improve the school environment and protection of nature. For this reason, it is necessary that students in the city of Encarnacion use music as therapy.

1457. Cypress Essential Oil for Varicose Veins and Enlarged PoresThe cypress tree is a tree with gray brown bark, it has very small leaves and is known as the balsamic tree of life because it is able to restore health to those who come to it, to breathe its essence. In recent years, the popularity of alter-native medicine has grown significantly, more and more people are turning to it in order to look for an alternative to improve the quality of life. Currently in

Paraguay

Lemongrass as natural repelentLara Bethania Valdez BraunOyuki Maria Cecilia Ishibashi HaurónMusic and EnvironmentMidori Maria Jose Ishibashi Haurón Camila Pecin GardiniCypress Essential Oil for Varicose Veins and Enlarged PoresCamila Ayelen Villalba TrombettaMaria Gabriela Sienra Nuñez

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the city of Encarnación there are several people with varicose veins usually in the legs , so we wonder if the cypress essential oil could be applied to people suffering from diseases of veins and enlarged pores so that these will improve? This is a descriptive research with qualitative and quantitative experimental ap-proach supported in the use of surveys and interviews conducted from March of 2013 to May of 2014. After analyzing the results, it has been shown that it is possible to apply the obtained product to people with varicose vein disorders and large pores to improve their quality of life. We conclude by mentioning that testing has been performed in people who agreed to use the product to treat the referred condition, they agreed by stating that the treatment performed using this product greatly improves blood circulation in the treated area and produces an effect of freshness during its continuous use as well as provides a sense of lightness and reduction of inflammation..

1564. Drop by drop the water is running offIt has been heard countless of times about water and its importance. People know many things about it as well as they ignore many others. Certainly, its im-portance goes beyond utilitarian aspects, it includes additional dimensions so that it is possible to have a better quality of life. Water is a necessary resource for all living things. Therefore, there will be plenty to do to convince people about how that resource must be equitably and responsibly distributed regardless of political boundaries that separate us. This investigation is conducted in the city of Encarnacion from February 2013 to March 2014, based on the problem: Is it possible to purify water by means of the seed of moringa in order to use it at home every day? As an objective it has been proposed: Investigate the ways of usage and natural purification of water that poor people perform in the city of Encarnación. That is why a descriptive research with quantitative approach has been required by applying surveys with close questionnaires to 100 people in our city. Besides, water purification is performed by means of the seed of mo-ringa by testing the sample in two homes in order to re-use water. According to the results obtained it is possible to observe that in the city of Encarnación a high percentage of people are aware of some ways to save water, likewise 76% of them implement the measures while 24% do not implement it. Most of them think that our city does not give water the proper use while the 14% do. Similarly, 77 % think that the population is not aware of what are the consequences of the misuse of water, 22% do. Proof of water purification in both homes has been beneficial, as they have saved and re-used water in a positive way, which is a vital


Paraguay

2079. The huge importance of small insects - re-searches about bumblebeesFor many years, we have noticed drastically decreasing number of insects around the world. However, people aren’t aware of the fact, that these small insects play a huge role in our ecosystem. Lots of people don’t know that about 80% of plants need to be pollinated to give us fruit and seeds. Only in Europe - we have more than 4.000 these kinds of vegetables. The conclusion is obvious: our lives are dependent on these insects, but they die at increasingly large scale. In Poland we have about 30 different kinds of bumblebees and most of them are under the legal protection. Even though according to some sources the popula-tion of bumblebees within 40 last years reduced even by 90%, Bombusterrestris and Red-tailed bumblebees were exempted from protection.

2080. The research into the perception of per-sonal space in aspect of claustrophobia. The number of people suffering from claustrophobia increases year by year so there exists anxiety that it will be the plague of XXI century. The perception of personal space can be a key to understand the causes of claustrophobia. This theory was the reference point for researches which we did in our school. The first part of them was associated with checking the perception of personal space. In the second part of the studies the examined people were placed in the simula-tion of a room with movable walls. At that time we noticed that claustrophobia may be associated with the vision (peripheral and tunel). Further studies exam-ining the width of the visual field allowed to find connection between these

Poland

Drop by drop the water is running offLuciana Celeste Paniagua SolisMario Ariel Bruno Urbina

The huge importance of small insects - researches about bumblebeesMonika LeończykThe research into the perception of per-sonal space in aspect of claustrophobia.Aleksandra BlochKlaudia Krupka

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aspects and the occurrence of fears. This became the basis for the elaboration and execution of the effective exercises which are potential - non-invasive and stress-free – treatment.


2015. SmartKit SMARTKIT is an INNOVATIVE concept to support people during the process of medication – especially the ones having limitations to do it. SMARTKIT is an equipment which gives back AUTONOMY to patients during their medication process. SMARTKIT has 6 pills containers per day (6 different daily moments of medication), for a range of 7 days. It provides visual and sound alerts to in-form the patient about the RIGHT moment and RIGHT medication. Can be pro-grammed using a laptop or a smartphone providing also feedback concerning the medication process.

2081. Organic and Intensive Agriculture: Two realities at our table In this research work explored one of the most debated topics today: the prac-tice of sustainable farming. At a time when it is increasingly urgent to save nature and environment, hand in hand for a whole technological progress, environmen-tal impacts resulting therefrom turn out to be thematic of last resort. In order to find other farming techniques that reveals less harmful to the environment, we proceeded to the cultivation of lettuce in intensive and organic systems, and introduce variables such as mycorrhizae and bacteria (both of them confer se-veral advantages to the plant when applied on it). We analyzed the results after 4 weeks and thus managed to find an alternative to conventional agriculture practice: by replacing the usual fertilizers for something much more beneficial, both to human health, because it could significantly reduce nitrates, either for the environment and therefore more advantageous for all.

1995. Puerto Rico Jaguas district, Fornés sec-tor in the municipality of Peñuelas spring water qualityThis work investigates the Jaguas district, Fornés sector in the municipality of Pe-ñuelas, P.R spring water quality. A questionnaire was administrated to the com-munity that allowed us to create a health profile. A sampling of spring water was taken, capturing 7 samples from the birth of the spring and 7 samples from the spring’s exist to do a physical-chemical and microbiological analysis of them. For the microbiological analysis a bacterial culture in Petri dishes with Agar of 3 samples of each provenance was done, after 48 hours of incubation, bacterial colonies were transferred to other bacterial cultures to identify them. 4 samples of water from the spring’s birth and 4 samples of the exit were used for the phys-ical-chemical analysis to identify levels of pH and concentration of heavy met-als in the water. The results of both analyses were compared with the National Drinking Water Regulations established by the United States Environmental Agency. Spring water failed to meet water quality standards. High concentra-tions of heavy metals were found in the water, such as barium, which exceeded the standard established by 260 mg/L, and lead which exceeded by 1.53 mg/L. Lithium was found in concentrations not safe for health. There was also a pres-ence of coliforms in the spring’s birth. The dissemination of this investigation’s results will help ensure the safe use of this source of water and open passage to the restoration and improvement of the spring area to ensure a better use of the same.

2077. Comparative study of the antibacterial effect of natural essential oil of Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) and Melaleucaarmillaris (Myrtaceae)in Escherichia coli ATCC 11229, Es-cherichia coli K-12 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25903.

Portugal

Puerto Rico

SmartKitJéssica MarquesJessica Santos

Organic and Intensive Agriculture: Two realities at our tableAna MarquesDaniel Gomes

Puerto Rico Jaguas district, Fornés sector in the municipality of Peñuelas spring water qualityNadja MaldonadoFerdinand MaldonadoComparative study of the antibacte-rial effect of natural essential oil of Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) and Melaleucaarmillaris (Myrtaceae) in Escherichia coli ATCC 11229, Escherichia coli K-12 and Staphylo-coccus aureus ATCC 25903Stephanie Marie Quiles Velázquez

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International project abstracts1647. Using robots in preventing wildfires, Fire-BotIn this paper we set up the bases for building a robot that can help detecting a wild fire in its early stages in order for it to be extinguished. Our solution, “FireBot CS”, is a robot that integrates a Lego NXT Mindstorms platform (NXT platform was used to implement autonomous movement and robot field orientation), an Arduino microcontroller (used to implement sensors that collect data from the atmosphere and soil), and a Raspberry Pi microcontroller (used for multimedia applications, photo / video and web page). The robot build by us is functional and allows monitoring the environment in real time. The 3 levels alert system al-lows us to define for each level threshold values which trigger the alarm.

1689. Mosquitoes favorite food today, tomor-row is poison for them...!NOVELTY of this project is that involving in solving at national level the current global problem, the re-emergence of the diseases transmitted by vectors be-cause of the environmental changes, by the implementation of a bioecological control of the mosquitoes thus: 1.The exact indentification of the mosquitoes vectors, detecting by immunological technique Rapid Analyte Measurement Platform and isolating strains of WNV circulating in the Metropolitan Area of Bu-charest chosed by us as model for study. 2.Implementation of a bio-ecological control of the mosquitoes from which we have isolated a strain of West Nile Vi-rus, using transgenic cyanobacteria, that produce insecticidal proteins, with very high larvo-teratogenic efficiency over the mosquitoes vectors of diseases and discomfort producers, but without toxic and polluting effects over the humans and the environment. Our idea is cloning and amplifying the CryIVD gene of Ba-cillus thuringiensis and transfer to Anabaena which constitute the natural food for Culicidae larvae.

1690. “BIO-SCABICIDE” - an alternative bio-remedy for the existing toxical-chemical treat-ment for scabiesInnovation is obtaining an ointment based on natural extracts of buckthorn oil, no parabens, and no chemical insecticide, which acts on the Sarcoptes scabiae: 1.Kills the sarcoptes mange as due to the bio-insecticides action that buckthorn oil senevol has.The action mechanism consists in stimulation and then paralysis of the sarcoptes nervous system 2.Kills mites by suffocation which dig tunnels under the upper skin layer due to its oily consistency 3.Itching caused by the allergic reaction to the scabies mite is attenuated and eliminated due to the in-flammatory action, slightly narcotical and sedative, that tannin acids have 4.Skin lesions are healed by the izphramnetol and coenzyme Q10 action 5. Lesions su-per-infestation which bacterial infections of the skin called impetigo are healed because of the cloramfenicol antiseptic action, and the vegetal serotonina helps to the blood clotting and wound healing 6.Anticarcinogenic and immunostimu-lating role exerted by quercitin , lycopene, tocopherol, SOD, carotene.

1800. Real Time Home Security Alert SystemA fire monitoring system designed to facilitate the work of firefighters during fires in large buildings(e.g schools, hospitals, etc.) Real-time data viewing moni-tors the spreading the fire and can approximate the rate of expansion. The pa-rameters collected by the sensors are shown on a 3D model of the building, ma-king it easier to identify the affected areas.

2075. New organic fertilizers applied on artifi-cial soilThe main purpose of the research program contained in the project consists in the improvement of global agriculture by a joint contribution of our two disco-veries: artificial soil immune to pollution and suitable for barren areas and three

Romania

Using robots in preventing wildfires, FireBotAndrei-Alexandru MindraPaul-Florin ParaschivMosquitoes favorite food today, tomorrow is poison for them...!Alexandra-Elisabeta Matea-Moldovan“BIO-SCABICIDE” - an alternative bio-remedy for the existing toxical-chemical treatment for scabiesRadu-Constantin RadulescuReal Time Home Security Alert Sys-temIonatan LavricVlad PavelNew organic fertilizers applied on artificial soilAndreea Iris UtaElif Memet

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International project abstractstypes of organic fertilizers obtained from the wood and food industries. The re-search aims to create agricultural sites where soil formation is impossible and then apply the organic fertilizers to the artificial soil so that the soil’s qualities would be boosted and the environment would be decontaminated by harnes-sing the nonbiodegradable by-products of the wood, beer and milk industries.

1533. The introduction of cellular technology in the automation of watering plants.Modern technologies provide opportunities to man. One of the main directions of development of technology - is communication. And its development has al-ready entered the era of wireless technology. Cellular - a kind of mobile radio, which is based on the cellular network. That she allowed modern man to com-municate at a distance without wires. A key feature is that the total coverage area is divided into cells (cells), determined by the individual coverage areas of base stations. The aim of this work - studying the opportunities of mobile communica-tion standard for automation and process control water plants.The main task: to design an automatic watering plants at a distance, using the possibility of mobile communication, and feedback from the machine to the user’s phone to inform the drying of the soil.This work is relevant in the study of modern electrical disciplines and information technology. Its main advantage - simplicity of physical implementation and a wide spectrum of ideas. Thus, the system of irrigation can be implemented for any scale. Also, the idea is applicable to the implementation of simple signaling, for example, to alert the owner when trying to break into the apartment during his absence.

2069. Monitoring pollution on the upper water-course of the river HronSurface water is an essential element of the country and its quality influences all parts of the ecosystem. The aim of the project is to emphasize the importance of wastewater treatment plants on Slovak rivers (the river Hron) and expand the issues referring to pollution of surface streams and reduce or stop their origin. The aim of the project is to inform the people about the quality of surface water and facilitate the access to information for the people living in the surrounding of Brezno from the spring of the river Hron towards Chvatimech. Water quality has been analysed by measurements focusing on the amount of ions in the water, the amount of organic substances or its pH, conductivity, ORP and the amount of dissolved oxygen. In May 2013 we performed the fourth series of measurements on the river Hron and then they were analysed in the school laboratory.

Russia

Slovakia

1985. Effects of Colour to maize (Corn) to Feed SheepColour plays an important role in the identification and intake of feeds by ani-mals. Contrary to what is often believed, farm animals like sheep, goats and cat-tle can observe colour. The aim of this project was to determine if differences in intake occur when sheep has a choice between yellow and white maize, as well as to determine the effect of colouring of yellow and white maize with a colou-rant. The project was done in different phases. Normal yellow and white maize were supplied to the sheep in separate feeding troughs in the 1st phase. In the 2nd phase, yellow and white maize, treated with a green feed colourant, were supplied to the sheep in separate feeding troughs. The intakes of the yellow and white maize in the two phases were determined on a weekly basis. The project was done over a period of 42 day, including the adaptation period.

South Africa

The introduction of cellular techno-logy in the automation of watering plants.Aynur ShaymardanovRadik Yusupov

Monitoring pollution on the upper watercourse of the river HronKlaudia KvakováJakub Šalko

Effects of Colour to maize (Corn) to Feed SheepJanke Hoon

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International project abstracts1987. Sweeting the harful effects of frost on plantsThe harmful effects of frost destroying plants are a global problem during the winter season. Salt is used to prevent ice from forming on roads because any im-purity in water lowers the freezing point thereof. The ame principle was used to prepare watery solutions that could be sprayed on plants to prevent frost dam-age in the plants. Five watery solutions were tested for effectiveness, namely salt, sugar, honey, olive oil & Epsom salt. The watery solutions were tested in a freezer to determine if adding the products to the water will indeed lower the freezing point of the water. The watery solutions were tested in a freezer to determine if adding the products to the water will indeed lower the freezing point of the wa-ter Plants treated with the watery solutions were tested in real frost conditions in winter to determine if the treatment was effective in preventing or limiting frost damage.

1988. Improving Intumescent Paint to combat fires in informal settlementsFire is one of the greatest causes of damage to property and especially loss of life in informal settlements, in 2010 fire displaced 1,516 people in Cape Town, South Africa, killing about 80 people. A total of 4,908 of informal houses were destroyed that year due to uncontrolled fires. There are many reasons that fires spread so quickly; such as houses which are made out materials, which don’t of-fer much resistance to fire and settlements that are not government approved, in which houses are made close to one another allowing fire to spread easily. This study aimed at investigating a low cost intumescent paint that will be used in painting the exterior of temporary dwellings. Intumescent is a fire retardant paint which forms a char ones it is set alight. This paint will be able to contain the fires and prevent them from spreading to the neighbouring dwellings

2026. Morphological classification of the cri-noid fossils calculated from the Gangwon-do upper Paleozoic Formation (Bamchi Formation &Geumcheon Formation)In this research, we understand the fossilization process and geological signifi-cance of crinoid fossils. Also, we investigated each characteristics of crinoids which figured out at Bamchi Formation in Youngwol and Geumcheon Forma-tion in Changsong, and determined the criteria for classification of crinoid stem’s cross-sectional and longitudinal section which the most figured fossils. After classifying the cross-section of crinoid, we compare the number of radiation and the site-specific frequency. Also, we could observe the three-dimensional and not weathered, erosion, fossils by using dissolved in glacial acetic acid and cut limestone. We created a restored of crinoid through observation of each part. The result, is that the fossil stem of crinoid were classified for type A, B, C, D with the form of the axial canal and the shape of cross-sectional. In addition, we found out the boundary of Mitan Formation and Bamchi Formation have to repeat dis-cussion during the fossil collecting.

2027.Effect of korean traditional onggi on de-toxification of cryoprotectant and cryoinjury prevention in sperm cryopreservation

2028. Research on Luffacylindrica leaf extract’s antiviral effect on TMVWe inoculated a leaf of the left petiole with TMV and a buffer solution and a leaf of the right petiole with the virus and the plant extracts. When the lesions ap-peared, we compared the area of the lesions. As a result, we discovered that the

South Korea

Effect of korean traditional onggi on detoxification of cryoprotectant and cryoinjury prevention in sperm cryopreservationSubin ChoResearch on Luffacylindrica leaf ex-tract’s antiviral effect on TMVYunjae KimSangeon Lee

Sweeting the harful effects of frost on plantsJean-Mari van der RietImproving Intumescent Paint to com-bat fires in informal settlementsPatric Junior Noah

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sponge gourd’s extract has an antiviral effect on TMV. Also, when we changed the ratio of the virus and plant extract and inoculated to Chenopodium album (goosefoot) with virus, the Luffa cylindrica (sponge gourd) leaf’s extract had an anti-viral effect on TMV. Through this research, we discovered that the sponge gourd’s extract has an anti-viral effect. We thus believe that Luffa cylindrical (sponge gourd) leaf’s extract can be used to develop an environmentally-friend-ly anti-viral agent that can be used easily by anyone.


2070. Crystallography, a world to discoverCrystallography is the science to understand the atomic and molecular structure of matter as well as the shape and geometry of crystals. In addition, it allows us to see atoms and molecules at a higher resolution than any optical device can achieve. Crystallographic studies contribute to perform thousands of applica-tions, no matter what kind of compound or its complexity. Thus, we can develop rational proposals in different areas for specific uses such as aeronautic, automo-bile, drugs, computers and some of the compounds related with pharmaceutical industry. As long as we research on crystallography, an experimental phase is required in order to know how the crystal structure is developed. In this project now presented, we studied the crystallization process and how different vari-ables could affect. Finally, we used several compounds: sodium chloride, copper sulphate, monoammonium phosphate, alum hydroxide and sucrose.

2071. Graphene; The material of the futureGraphene is a nanomaterial which is one atom thick it is a layer of carbon atoms in a densely packed two-dimensional lattice in the form of hexagons. It was ob-tained experimentally and described in 2004 by a group of Russian and British scientists. In 2010, two of these Russians got a nobel prize. Graphene is highly durable and flexible and can be conductive or semiconductive among other fea-tures. A lot of improvements of this new material are expected, such to replace as silicon in microchips, heavy copper cables, like applied in the creation of flexible touch screens, used as a chemical sensor in chemicals. Are we ready to get this item? Is this the material of the future?

Spain

1852. Coccinella septempunctata management of the pest in tomato plants via integrated methodOur nature is surrounded by many disasters recently. Environmental catastro-phes on the ecosystem are demolishing the nature. Many productive fields and areas are being destroyed by pests. The problem of our country is controlling the number of harmful insects. Methods, such as; using chemicals, agricultural methods, sanitarium method and vs.… Are not noteworthy to destroy and man-age the harmful insects and effects of pests. Moreover, they have also drawbacks on crops. Our goal is to find remedies and solutions for the fields and areas which are endangered by aphids and other harmful insects especially family from Homoptera. We aimed to control and manage the number of aphids and other pests by means of seven-spotted ladybugs. Hence, we could learn about beneficial and harmful insects and their roles in ecology. Coccinellaseptempunc-tata (The seven-spotted ladybug) is one of the most effective insecticide as well as others. Because they serve to manage the numbers of harmful insects by con-suming them. Such as: Aphids, Lepidoptera eggs. And also the natural way which doesn’t harm the crops. For this reason, we conducted our studies firstly on cot-ton field with our previous team and now with tomato plant which is suitable for the observation of harmful and useful insects. As a first step we collected the la-dybugs by using net from environment wherecan be found efficiently. Secondly, collected ladybugs were spread over the area in fixed numbers (2 to3 for each tomato plant). As a third step amount of pest was calculated before we spread

Tajikistan

Crystallography, a world to discoverAndrea TejeroNatalia MartínezGraphene; The material of the futureMaría BarcoLucía García

Coccinella septempunctata manage-ment of the pest in tomato plants via integrated methodKhusetin Kholmurodov Isfandiyor Kamolov

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the ladybugs and after. And then, all of the data was gathered and examined. Consequently, we were right about the use of seven-spotted ladybugs as a natu-ral and ecological way which has no negative effect on plants and crops. In ad-dition to this, ladybugs can be remedy to the Tajikistan economy for loss of 300 thousand dollars for each year. We have now a balanced ecosystem and young entomologists devoted themselves to the nature.

2011. Purification of Dushambe (Tajikistan) sewage water with water hyacinth and produc-tion of biogas form water hyacinthAs the increase of the development, water pollution increased. Generally, harm-ful chemicals are being used for treatment of this waste water. This chemicals threatening our life. So we decided to clean sewage by using water hyacinth.Water hyacinth is a a free-floating water plant which can absorb harmful chemi-cals. It gets its nutrients from the water from dangling roots. We also tried to produce biogas from water hyacinth. We compared chemical content of untrea-ted waste water and treated water. Sharp change in heavy metals in two water samples showed that water hyacinth is very useful for treatment of waste water.After putting plant compost in to vat , gas production started after 13 days. 1.2 m3 gas production proved that water hyacinth is an efficient source of biogas.


Purification of Dushambe (Tajikistan) sewage water with water hyacinth and production of biogas form water hyacinthShaboz HamdamovKhursed Murodov

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1962. Truly Green Energy: Electricity from the green plant pigment, ChlorophyllThe aim of this project is to investigate the possibility of generating electricity from the extracts of chlorophyll and determining the amount of electricity pro-duced. During photosynthesis, plant leaves absorb sunlight thus resulting into the flow of electrons through a series of electron carriers by photophosphoryla-tion. These electrons could be trapped and directed through a circuit so as to generate electric current; thus bringing up the hypothesis; Electrons from pho-tophosphorylation can be directed through a circuit so as to generate electric current. Leaves from different plant species were collected and their chlorophyll extracted using acetone. An electrochemical cell was then constructed using chlorophyll dissolved in aqueous ethanol, sodium thiosulphite as electrolytes and zinc and copper as electrodes. Electron flow was observed through half oxidation half reduction reactions between the chlorophyll and sodium thiosul-phite. Even though the charge seemed of average magnitude, its ability to rap-idly regenerate was astounding. With the presence of sunlight the chlorophyll cell managed to produce electricity again. This is an exciting development in green energy production, with more time, research and effort a perfectly green energy source can be developed.

1963. Greener Tanzania with wind solar hybrid energyAs per 2013 Tanzanian national statistics, about half of the population lack ad-equate and safe water for domestic use among other uses. For presentation, we designed a suitable 3D plan utilizing wind-solar hybrid energy for possible wa-ter provision at cheaper installation and running costs (compared to commonly used fuel and electrical energy) and reduced walking distances in search of wa-ter. This project would help solve water provision to more people, save time and facilitate agricultural activities through irrigation. On top of that, the system uses clean eco-friendly and reliable energy sources thus encourage environmental conservation.

1967. Speeding up sewage treatment to save mother natureThe aim of the project is to speed up the rate of sewage water sanitation at an equal rate of sewage waste production. We made some sample sludge using paper and water that was comparable to sewage waste. We put 1500cc of the sludge mixture into a 3,000cc bucket (cylinder) with a movable piston and a sip-out hole at the bottom. We observed the water sip out when the piston was free and when a known mass of 0.25kg was loaded onto the piston head. The sip out was collected with the help of a calibrated beaker and the volume for the free and loaded piston were compared. The volume of sip out under pressure was found to be more than that from a free piston in the same time duration. Thus rate of sanitation is higher under pressure than a free piston. The project speeds up sewage water removal hence enabling more sewage waste recycling. This would prevent direct sewage waste disposal into water bodies as waste water is treated at almost equal rate as sewage waste entry into septic tanks. This helps to prevent death of marine species and also offers water suitable for irrigation.

1968. Automatic thermo irrigation systemThe aim of this project is to solve the problem of irrigation in Tanzania where most farmers still depend on rainfall for irrigation of their plantations despite being inefficient and despite the fact that most plantation being located near sources of water. To solve this problem we designed an automatic irrigation sys-tem which uses temperature as a regulator. It is composed of a water reservoir (either an underground water well or a dam) which acts as a source of water with a pump installed for pumping water from the reservoir to the supply pipes installed at about a height of 3metres from the ground around the plantation with sprinklers installed at the bottom of the supply pipes for irrigation around the plantation. The pump is controlled (open or closed) by a device which op-erates by the use of two thermistors; Thermistor”1” and Thermistor”2”. Thermis-


Tanzania

Truly Green Energy: Electricity from the green plant pigment, ChlorophyllYonaz YonazJesse MnyuneGreener Tanzania with wind solar hybrid energyDerick KazimotoPhillemon JassonySpeeding up sewage treatment to save mother nature Elias MagulaAndrew NyaisongaAutomatic thermo irrigation systemDennis MelakaniAlly Mahmoud

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tor”1” operates within the temperature range between 27oC-40oC which is the temperature range during the day time and thermistor”2” operates within the temperature range 15oC-25oC which is the temperature range during the night time so this antagonistic relation between thermistor”1” and thermistor”2” allow the system to irrigate a specific volume of water at night time remain closed dur-ing the day time.


1439. Evaluating heterotrophic growth under nitrogen starvation of Thai native microalga, Chlorococcumhumicola promising biodiesel with waste water treatmentLipids from microalgae, especially triglyceride can be the feedstock for biodiesel production. Cultivation technique is essential for success in algal oil industry. However, depend on individual algal species. For this study, Chlorococcum hu-micola, Thai native strain, has ability to import and supply organic carbon for growth by heterotrophic culture and grow higher by utilizing externally organic carbon. Then, we proved that nitrogen starvation technique can induce TAG ac-cumulation in C.humicola and found growth limited under phototrophic cultiva-tion. Although increase light energy did not affect growth or TAG accumulation under nitrogen limited. So, heterotrophic cultivation which provides organic car-bon has shown potential method which could support higher biomass in both nitrogen sufficiency and deficiency. This knowledge can be applied to increase productivity of microalgae cultivated for biodiesel production, especially in wastewater containing organic carbon in which both wastewater treatment and production of renewable energy can be achieved at the same time.

1692. Preparation and application of silane-modified pectin for treating Copper contami-nated wastewaterThis research aims to study silane-modified pectin from pomelo peel (Citrus maxima) as to its efficiency in adsorbing copper ions. The pectin can be modified by silica in order to improve the capacity of copper ion adsorption.The silane-modified pectin beads were determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The beads were used as an adsorbent in standard Copper solution. The concentration of Cu2+ in each adsorbed solu-tion was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. From SEM, It is found that the beads with siliane are rougher, more surface area, than the ones without silane. From EDS, it shows that silane-modified beads can adsorb copper 2 times more than the normal. As a result from AAS, the maximum Cu2+ adsorption was 37.07% at pH 3. As you can see, The adsorbent could be used in economic waste water treatment process because of its high efficiency and low cost.

1965. Preservation of property of natural rubber using TiO2The Natural Rubber Sheet was coated with TiO2 by dip-coating method to study about the effect of different concentration of TiO2 on the Rubber Sheet’s resis-tance to the environment including the effect of temperature and oxidation on the adhesion of TiO2 thin film and the rubber sheet. The two groups of rubber sheets were dipped with TiO2 solution. After that they were heated at 80°C, 90°C, 100°C and 110°C respectively. The property of the rubber sheet was evaluated by using FTIR , UV/VIS Spectrophotomete , Contact Angle and Ozone Test . From the evaluations, the oxidized, dipped with 2.0x TiO2-sol and heated at 110°C rubber sheet is the best sample. The result of this science project can be used to improve the preservation of the natural rubber and prolong its life.

Thailand

Evaluating heterotrophic growth un-der nitrogen starvation of Thai native microalga, Chlorococcumhumicola promising biodiesel with waste water treatment.Nichakorn WorakajitPreparation and application of silane-modified pectin for treating Copper contaminated wastewaterSmith WedsuwannarakPreservation of property of natural rubber using TiO2Thannaree Chottitisupawong

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1980. The study of the reduction of Ferric dis-solved in Iron(III) nitrate solution and manga-nese ions dissolved in manganese(II) sulfate so-lution by using corona discharged ozone Ozone is an very effective oxidizing agent and it can be easily produced by the air in our atmosphere, using high voltage-high frequency circuit. Ozone gen-erator is composed of three main parts: a corona discharge ozone tube, high voltage-high frequency power supply and an air pump. For 20 minutes, ferric dissolved in Iron(III) nitrate Solution is 4.3672 ppm, reduced 26.9173% and man-ganese ions dissolved in Manganese(II) sulfate solution is 4.7721 ppm, reduced 21.3403%. The ozone’s ability to remove both ferric ions and manganese(II) ions is in direct proportion to the time spent. Thus, we can adapt zone to treat ground water qualities to be good enough for consuming.

1989. The effect of pectin from pomelo peel on yield of Pathumthani 1 Rice The objective of this research was to study the effect of pectin extracted from pomelo peel on growth parameters, yield and yield components of rice cultivar Pathumthani 1. Rice seedlings were irrigated with Yoshida solution supplement-ed with 40 ppm (w/v) pectin at the age of 21 days, and continuously applied every week until harvesting. The results showed that an addition of pectin signif-icantly increased grain yield by 1.56 times, and fertility percentage by 1.27 times as compared to the control, whereas shoot and root dry weights were not af-fected. Tiller numbers, panicle dry weight, 1000-grain weight and panicle length of plants added with pectin were higher than those of the control; although, they are not significantly different. It can be concluded that addition of pectin is an alternative way to increase rice yield.


1553. Super bee fertilizerIt was investigated the chemical analysis in a laboratory environment on bee excretion obtained from bee hives and dead bees in Keşan,the district of Edirne.It has been reached important conclusions and performed the analysis of Na,K,Cal,Ca,Mg,P,Fe,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd and N by turning into crystallization solution of bee excretion after physical examination and dry burning and by making ap-propriate dilutions.Through the bee fertilizer,it has been provided that notice-able improvement in plants and taken plenty of products.In biennial project preparations,the first year passes with only providing fermentation of bee ex-cretion and collecting it.The second year,the bee fertilizer has been tested on plants,performed the chemical analysis and provided the 100%success rate.Thus,beside the bee products which are honey,pollen,propolis and royal jelly,bee excretion(bee fertilizer)has emerged the use of field as a new product for the first time in the world.Our project is the first project in this area in the world by mak-ing through collecting bee excretion.

1661. Biotechnological method development based on affinity membrane system for anti-body recognitionImmunoglobulin G is a glycoprotein structured molecule that is produced by the immune system and protects organism from harmful effects of antigens. Ig G amount in the blood plasma is an appropriate indicator of; infection, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer and other autoimmune diseases. Besides, purification of Ig G used in the treatment of these diseases from naturel sources is carried out at high costs on the World market. It is hard to obtain Ig G in high amounts and without any decomposes, that’s why it is important to de-velop new systems that will help to recognize and purify Ig G antibody.In this project, my purpose was; recognizing Ig G antibody with efficient, high amounted, fast, easily, with less toxicity, economically and purifying Ig G in high ratios from its natural sources. For this purpose p(HEMA-EDMA) membranes are synthesized with free radical photo polymerization method and characterized

Thailand

Turkey

Super bee fertilizerMerih AkalinBiotechnological method develop-ment based on affinity membrane system for antibody recognitionOzgur Ulker

The study of the reduction of Ferric dissolved in Iron(III) nitrate solution and manganese ions dissolved in manganese(II) sulfate solution by using corona discharged ozoneManchuta CharatThe effect of pectin from pomelo peel on yield of Pathumthani 1 RicePascha JansoontrapornNatnaree Wiwatdechakul

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according to SEM images and swelling behaviors. In order to adsorb Ig G to poly-meric membranes; polymeric membranes are activated with silanization agent (IMEO) and derivatized with Con A which is a lectin affinity ligand. In the SEM results it is examined that membranes are in spherical structures. Highest swel-ling value is determined as 224.8%. Maximum conditions for Ig G adsorption to membranes are; 1.5 mg/ml initial Ig G concentration, 30 minutes of adsorption time, pH 4 citrate buffer 37 0C and without any different ion strength. Maximum adsorption capacity is determined as 253.8 mg/cm2 and it is also determined that this value is 4 times higher than non specific Ig G adsorption to p(HEMA-EDMA) membranes. Ig G adsorption-desorption cycles (5 times) proved that product is reusable without losing its adsorption capacity.

1841. Cancer stopping herb: Research of Klam-math Weed’s (Hypericumperforatum) effect on Head and Neck Cancerous Cell through Scratch Assay MethodCancer stopping herb: Research of Klammath Weed’s (Hypericum perforatum) effect on Head and Neck Cancerous Cell through Scratch Assay Method Objec-tive of the Project: Cancer is a great problem affecting millions of people both in our country and across the world. We have aimed to cure head and neck cancer, which is one of the most dangerous cancer types, applying Klammath Weed’s extract (Hypericum perforatum) within our Project.

1871. 3D Green energy in your pocket“ULTRA-HYBRID CHARGING DEVICE” A pocket-size hybrid charging device was designed in this study that, with the help of a new generation voltage regulating circuit that creates more efficient energy, makes exclusive use of low-voltage resources originating from solar, ki-netic or magnetic energy. Efficiency tests were performed on the device and its serviceability was proven. The objectives of the study were thus to contribute to increasing awareness about natural energy resources and contributing to find-ing solutions for efficient charging as well as the conservation and efficient use of energy.

1953. Determining the antimicrobial capacity of essential oil obtained from tangerine peel im-pregnated zeolite and its usage as animal feed additive Zeolite is a natural adsorbent within antifungal features. Essential oil obtained from tangerine peel contains limonene which has antimicrobial property. Zeo-lite’s antifungal property combined with essential oil’s antibacterial effects cre-ates antimicrobial animal feed additive. Vapor distillation method was used to obtain the essential oil. Then zeolite was impregnated with this essential oil. Disc diffusion method was used to test the antimicrobial effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans colonies. The extract is shown to have an inhibiting effect on the microorganisms. The effect on Staphlyococcus aureus, which is gram positive bacteria, is even wider than the others. Our pro-duct’s antimicrobial activities provide economical support to animal breeding sectors because it can be used as animal feed additive.

1993. Environmental Pollution Fighter: The Buoy With Laboratory Analysis For Environmen-tal Pollution And Waste WaterTo prevent the contamination of seas earlier by detecting and filming with dis-tance access. To make the government more effective on the contamination of seas. To state the contaminants (factories, ships or humans, etc…) and to apply some deterrent sanctions. To make people conscious of the contamination of


Cancer stopping herb: Research of Klammath Weed’s (Hypericumperforatum) effect on Head and Neck Cancerous Cell Scratch Assay MethodRauph Souleimanov Ahmet Faruk KucukMehmet Nefzat SanliBurak Kalayci3D Green energy in our pockets “ULTRA-HYBRID CHARGING DEVICE” Sami PalomboAaron Harun KanetiDetermining the antimicrobial capa-city of essential oil obtained fromtan-gerine peel impregnated zeolite and its usage as animal feed additiveBeril Esra IkizekElif Ezgi Su YildirimEnvironmental Pollution Fighter: The Buoy With Laboratory Analysis For Environmental Pollution And Waste WaterFatma Melis ErtugrulZeynep Rana Celik

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seas by analyzing the parameters that affect the contamination.To raise aware-ness about the contamination of seas, to find out the statistical data of the con-tamination, and to take some measures influencing the contamination of seas • To help the reduction of health problems arouse by the waste water.To prevent the environmental pollution decisively.

2007. Enviromental İntelligent Farm First of all ,we examined a normal farm in our project.Later we decided to farm a systematic which will provide energy saving by using different methods.ln this farm,solar tracker (sun tracking system); static electric production systems such as fotovolture systems, electric producing techniquer with heat, peltier, energy producing systems with animal breath, drop irriyation systems, climatization and air-conditioners, autmat and a mainresource using all of them were used. In this way, we formed an environmental farm procuding energy in natural ways. In short, energy will be produced from the breath of animals and solar energy will be used with sun tracking system in this farm.Also, energy will be produced from the wastes of animals and humans.This enery will be used in the heating and cooling of buildings,animal shelters,greenhouses, agriculture fieldsand to increase yield of products.This farm does not give any harm to environment.

2083. To investigate the presence and amount of detergent residue in the pan and cups washed in dishwasher


1473. Green Paper MakingGenerally trees are mainly used to make paper, using it`s cellulose. Considering that it causes deforestation, we have come up with a new method of paperma-king. In our method of papermaking, we suggest using weeds. While working on our humble project, we contemplated on the question: “How can weeds be used in paper industry and become ecologically and economically useful?” So from this question, we did some observations. Especially we used “Broadleaf Cattail” which grows in the vicinity of canals. Dry weeds are seldom used for anything useful. So, we propose an ecologically safe and low cost method in paper indus-try.

1474. Ecologically Safe and Energy-Efficient Methods of Dehydration of Natural GasIn addition to three methods of dehydration of natural gas, we suggest two new methods, namely thermo physical and physical – thermo physical. Henceforth, according to our classification, natural gas dehydration can be broken down into following five groups: 1) Physical 2)Chemical 3)Physical – chemical 4)Thermo physical 5)Physical – thermo physical These methods provide absolutely new approach to the question of dewatering natural gas i.e. if previously dewater-ing natural gas was carried out by cooling (physical method) during which gas phase moisture turned into liquid phase, now on the contrary liquid moisture in the structure of gas becomes gas phase by heating until the necessary tem-perature in thermo physical method. As a result, the heat obtained by gas – con-densate mixture is used once more in thermo oily heat exchanger (furnace- heat exchanger) device, and hydrogen discharged during the process is used as fuel material.

1631. Making Bed Bug (Cimexlectularius) resist-ant the lightest and the most feasible particle boardsIn the first experiment we obtained 100 mL of Artemisia extract by hydro distilla-tion method. Artemisia extract was tested on 15 bed bugs. Percentage mortality was calculated for 36 hours. Percentage mortality for 8, 16, 24 and 36 hours were

Enviromental İntelligent FarmSena YalcinAyse Nur OrenTo investigate the presence and amount of detergent residue in the pan and cups washed in dishwasherTaha Fatih SenSelimhan Yavuz

Turkey

Turkmenistan

Green Paper MakingHangeldi OshanovKamiljan MuradovEcologically Safe and Energy-Efficient Methods of Dehydration of Natural GasTimur HaitovKemal SahedovMaking Bed Bug (Cimexlectularius) resistant the lightest and the most feasible particle boardsShamyrat Orazmyradov Maksat Guvanjov

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respectively 20%, 53,3%, 93,3% and 100%. In the second experiment we made natural adhesives from cotton stalks, rest harrow and pine. Adhesives were used to make 6 particle boards from reed and cotton stalks. Separate tests were done for natural adhesives. The maximum heat resistivity and neutral pH was achieved by rest harrow adhesive. Modulus of Rupture (MOR) was calculated for both cot-ton stalk and reed particle boards with three adhesives. Particle board from rest harrow adhesive and cotton stalks with Artemisia extract showed the highest MOR with 36,5 N/mm2. Particle board made from reed and pine adhesive with Artemisia extract showed the lowest MOR with 13,5 N/mm2 .

1884. Reducing the desertification and saliniza-tion by using the underground water resourcesThe project that we have prepared and in which we have suggested the deci-sions to some criteria is aimed to deal with the global problems of the world as to make the lands more fruitful, to improve the condition of lands from the process of being deserted and the ways of getting avoid the lands to be salty. For doing this criteria there have been chosen two fields. The territory that we have chosen is situated in the north of Turkmenistan. In the first field we used the farming of fruits and vegetables, i. e how to achieve the quick results of growing the fruitful and tasty harvest of gardens by decreasing the humus of lands and improving the lands from the state to be salty through watering them with underground water. In the second field we have experienced and planted some simple lands with various plants.

1945. Producing the endangered Caspian stur-geon fish by forming artificial food chain (mi-cro-algae spiriluna artemia salina sturgeon fish) in Caspian Sea The generation of Sturgeon fish is under the threat of disappearing in 20 years because of illegal fishing and pollution. This can happen even earlier because the Countries around the Caspian Sea (TURKMENISTAN, KAZAKHSTAN, RUSSIA, AZERBAIJAN and IRAN) couldn’t agree on saving the ecology of the Caspian Sea. This project aims to help the economy and prevent the problem facing Sturgeons by producing them in combined production farms and releasing them back to the nature. This project also aims to contribute to the Govern-mental economy by producing them in GARABOGAZ. As GARABOGAZ is one of the biggest salty lakes in the world, it can be used as a farm for producing Artemiasalina as well as collecting salt. Moreover we aim to provide the export of microalgae and plankton which will be produced as a fodder for the Artemia-salina.


Turkmenistan

1685. Plastic management in schoolThe title of our project is plastic management in school. Now and then we use plastic in school in form of plastic cups, basins, juice and water bottles, jerry cans etc. The purpose of this project and therefore the hypothesis was that we can recycle this plastic locally by having it shredded, mix it with bonding materials like sand and cement and reuse it in school in form of tiles or pavers.We did the experiment by considering two cases of product mixtures. One in-cluded glue and the other did not. The glue case produced a product that was elastic and therefore was hollow each time a force was applied at a point along the surface. The other case was brittle and was a perfect product to be used in the compound. Our experimental results support the hypothesis since the paver produced is strong enough to withstand the pressure exerted on it by heavy objects.

Uganda

Reducing the desertification and sa-linization by using the underground water resourcesTahyr AmanovMekan DurdyyevProducing the endangered Caspian sturgeon fish by forming artificial food chain (micro-algae spiriluna ar-temia salina sturgeon fish) in Caspian SeaÖzgur Mutlu AkgünHojaahmet Allakow

Plastic management in schoolStuart Birungi MusinguziJimson Birungi

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International project abstracts1773. Spider Pholcusphalangioides - the best bioindicator of buildingsWe recommend using a synanthropic spider species Pholcusphalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) for express-evaluation of anthropogenic pollution of buildings. The species is cosmopolitan, common and characterized by even distribution in different types of buildings. We studied twenty-five morphometric parameters as well as fluctuating asymmetry of Pholcusphalangioides inhabiting unpolluted and polluted sites of Chernivtsi city (Ukraine). We revealed significant differences between conditional control and study samples for the following morphometric parameters: the distance between the front and rear medial eye (right side) and the diameters of six of the eight existing eyes. Fluctuating asymmetry of model species is not considered to be essential for bioindication. We noticed different types of morphological anomalies while checking collected specimens: devia-tions on the abdomen, abnormal pigmentation of the body, absence of front medial eyes, abnormal pigmentation of eye field and change of eyes size. We came to the conclusion that morphometric parameters of eye field and frequen-cy of morphological anomalies of Pholcusphalangioides are effective indices for bioindication of ecological state of buildings. So, significant differences of mor-phometric parameters of eye field between the samples from study and condi-tional control buildings and the relative number of individuals with morphologi-cal anomalies which exceeds 0.5% of the total number of collected individuals indicate probable high level of anthropogenic pollution. It is necessary to con-duct further research using physical and chemical methods in such buildings!

1868. The Intellectual InsecticidesOur project is about DNA insecticides - novel preparation against gypsy moth (Lymantriadispar) based on DNA fragments of anti-apoptotic gene of its virus. We found that the external application of a solution with two single-stranded DNA fragments from BIR and RING domains of anti-apoptotic gene of ”Lyman-triadisparmulticapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus” causes a significant mortality of caterpillars, and it doesn’t depend on the infection of caterpillars with virus. Investigations show that our preparations are not harmful to tobacco hornworm and black cutworm, so DNA insecticides are selective and harmless for ecosys-tem. Then we found the similarity of our fragments with parts of gypsy moth genome, thus, our fragments may influence on viability of caterpillars through blocking of the synthesis of anti-apoptosis proteins. Our preparations are safe, cheap, fast-acting, effective and the most important - selective (because every species has its unique genome sequence).

1918. Wave-Powered Desalination PlantThe purpose of our research was to find possible engineering solution to de-salination of seawater with the use of renewable energy. We developed and suc-cessfully tried out in laboratory and field tests different experimental modules of wave-powered desalination plant. A preliminary assessment of the cost price for a facility with capacity of 1.5 m3 of fresh water per day is about $20,000 in serial production. On top of that we can generate more than 500 kW of electricity per month. As a result, the tests and preliminary calculations show that our autono-mous desalination plant that works on wave energy can be efficiently used in coastal, island and other areas to obtain sufficient amounts of fresh water and electricity. And due to the modular design the plant capacity can be increased up to several MW.

2050. The Insoluble Anode for Water Purifica-tion Devices and Water Treatment Based on Ni-WOur hypothesis states that alloys and pseudoalloys based on Ni-W may be in-soluble in acidic and alkaline environment. The main goal of this work is to assess the possibility of using the nickel-tungsten alloy as a universal insoluble anode. Using such methods as electroplanting, coulometry, anodic polarization curves in different environments, we achieved such results: 1) For the first time Ni-W material is proposed to be used as the universal insoluble anode capable of operating both in acidic and in alkaline environments. 2) The high passivation

Ukraine

Spider Pholcusphalangioides - the best bioindicator of buildingsOlga PashkovskaDanylo FedoriakThe Intellectual Insecticides Sergiy KustShamil KhodzhametovWave-Powered Desalination PlantMykhailo LytovchenkoThe Insoluble Anode for Water Purifi-cation Devices and Water Treatment Based on Ni-WDaria Maltseva

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of hard Fe-Ni-W alloys is displayed which opens the possibility of their use as insoluble anodes, and 3) It is revealed that electorplating by Ni-W alloy is also strongly passivated in different environments, while the 600° C heat treatment of the coating for one hour increases the passivity of the alloy.


1554. An Investigation of Cellulosic Ethanol, Iteration Three: Increasing Glucose Yield Utili-zing Hydrogen Peroxide Under Basic ConditionsThe purpose of this research was to develop a feasible and efficient method of converting cellulose from waste paper into glucose for fermentation into Cel-lulosic Ethanol. Over the past three years, a novel pretreatment process was de-veloped, utilizing superoxides and microwave digestion. When combined with efficient enzymes, this method has achieved an average 97% conversion of cel-lulose to glucose which results in a yield of 385 liters per dry ton of newsprint, a 1:4.73 input to output energy ratio and a cost of $0.06 per liter for the energy input. This process was designed for the treatment of waste paper and paper products in an effort to use recyclable materials to make a liquid fuel, however it can be altered to accommodate any plant material. Cellulosic Ethanol is net neu-tral with respect to the environment, is readily available due to cellulose abun-dance and can bridge the gap between the liquid fossil fuels of Today and the “green” energy of Tomorrow. Utilizing this method, which has the highest seen conversion rate in Cellulosic Ethanol production, Cellulosic Ethanol could begin to enter the consumer market, lowering fuel costs and carbon dioxide emissions.

1567. A Novel Approach to Removing Oil Spills from Seawater by using Sustainable and Cost-efficient MaterialsThe aim of this project is to find cheaper, less harmful, and more efficient alterna-tive to the current oil spill cleaning methods in contaminated oceans and seas, a global problem that is overlooked and thus leading to the death of many biotic and abiotic marine species. In order to accomplish this, we have researched nat-ural absorbents. 10 different natural materials (sawdust, peanut shells, corn cob, coconut shards, chicken feathers, sheep fur, goat fur, human hair, sunflower seed shells and pumpkin seed shells) were found that seemed to have high absorp-tion rates and were deemed waterproof. Several water tanks filled with saltwater were used and crude oil was added to them. Then, materials were dipped in the oil for specific periods of time. Then, materials were weighted again and the pu-rity of the water inside the tanks was measured. Following that, tested absorbent materials were placed inside a centrifuge and measured how much oil each of the materials had absorbed. After a look at the recorded results, we came to the conclusion that chicken feathers have had the greatest amount of oil absorbed, with 0.32 liters per 100 grams of water. This shows that softer materials have bet-ter oil absorption rates, and surface area may contribute to this. This experiment has also shown that the amount of feathers does not affect the ratio of oil col-lected. All in all, this method should be put into effect immediately, so no more harm is caused by oil onto the marine life.

USA

An Investigation of Cellulosic Ethanol, Iteration Three: Increasing Glucose Yield Utilizing Hydrogen Peroxide Under Basic ConditionsHailey Loehde-WoolardA Novel Approach to Removing Oil Spills from Seawater by using Sus-tainable and Cost-efficient MaterialsCagri AytekinErkam Curuk

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1513. Life of Waste

Dutch project abstracts

Het project Tundra Methane richt zich op het verminderen van de methaanuit-stoot in de Noordelijke IJszee. Hierbij is gezocht naar de meest duurzame en mil-ieuvriendelijke manier. Er is onder andere onderzocht hoeveel methaan er vrij-komt, hoe bacteriën die methaan in koolstofdioxide omzetten kunnen worden ontweken om een gas te krijgen met een hoog percentage methaan, wat de sa-menstelling van het gas is wat naar boven komt en hoe groot de plaatsen, zwarte gaten, zijn waar methaan vrijkomt. De conclusie hieruit is dat methaan het beste dicht boven de zeebodem kan worden opgevangen, daarmee wordt voorkomen dat veel methaan omgezet wordt in koolstofdioxide. De opvanginstallatie staat op een paal die in de zeebodem is geslagen. Als de tank op de installatie vol is, kan het gas door een uitrolbare slang naar boven in een schip worden geladen. Het gas wordt naar de bewoonde wereld getransporteerd en daar gebruikt als aardgas.

1487. Tundra Methane

Bij de verbranding van fossiele brandstoffen door schepen komt CO2 vrij. Dit is heel schadelijk voor het milieu en de volksgezondheid. Deze uitstoot van CO2 willen wij verminderen. Dit doen we door een glazen piramide boven de schoor-steen van een schip te plaatsen. De uitlaatgassen van een schip bestaan voor-namelijk uit CO2, ijzer, fosfor, stikstof en water. De glazen piramide houden we koel, de uitlaatgassen die hier tegen aan komen, gaan condenseren. Door de H2O die in de uitlaatgassen zit en doordat de wanden van de piramide schuin zijn, loopt het water samen met de andere uitlaatgassen naar beneden. Het wa-ter met de afvalstoffen drupt in een bak. In deze bak houden wij algen, omdat die voornamelijk leven van CO2, maar ook van stikstof en andere uitlaatgassen. Doordat algen zich snel vermeerderen, voor de uitstoot van CO2 snel ingedamd. Als er teveel algen komen, zijn er veel toepassingen om de algen te gebruikten, er kan bijvoorbeeld biobrandstof of diervoeder gemaakt worden.

Calvijn College Goes

1832. Mos tegen fijnstofNaast het feit dat fijnstof een interessant onderwerp was voor ons, is het ons duidelijk geworden dat er maatregelen nodig zijn op korte termijn. Daar waar minder uitstoot moeilijk wordt, moet men gaan nadenken over het afbreken van fijnstof. Dit verslag gaat niet alleen over de oplossingen die wij bedacht hebben, maar besteedt ook veel aandacht aan algemene informatie over fijnstof. Het is zeer interessant om ook het probleem als geheel te onderzoeken. Als laatste ko-men wij met toepassingen van onze oplossing in stedelijke gebieden.

Gerrit van der Veen CollegePurmerend


Mos tegen fijnstofSam RooversSven JonkersMarien Helmus

Tundra MethaneArend-Jan QuistIzak de heer

Life of WasteSuzanne MaljarsCoriena de Heer

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1895. Induction wind turbine


Methane is produced from cow dung using a heat bath as a possible fuel solution for poor countries.

1887. Methane from cattle waste

A working prototype of a wind turbine with honey comb structure and an extra induction coil is built.

MaartenscollegeGroningen

Fossiele biobrandstoffen raken op. Er word dus veel onderzoek gedaan naar een goed alternatief. Biobrandstoffen lijken een goed alternatief, maar er zitten veel nadelen aan. In dit onderzoek is gekeken of Caulerpa Taxifolia een goede plant is om biobrandstof van te maken. We hebben vooral literatuuronderzoek gedaan. Caulerpa Taxifolia groeit heel erg snel. Ook gaat de plant niet snel dood en groeit niet alleen onder hele specifieke omstandigheden. In het algemeen bevat zee-wier veel glucose, waar weer biobrandstof van gemaakt kan worden. Dit is nog wel iets wat we bij Cualerpa Taxifolia willen onderzoeken. De resultaten tot nu toe zijn erg positief. Het ziet er dus naar uit dat Caulerpa Taxifolia een goed alter-natief zou kunnen zijn.

1559. Project Killer Algae


MaartenscollegeGroningen

Project Killer AlgaeJurian van der ReeRick Dekker

Methane from cattle wasteArdin BerghJames DowlingTom Hoogerduijn StratingSilke Korpershoek

Induction wind turbineSergio GelissenBerke AslanMarnick Panman

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2061. Draaien op natuurwarmte installaties


Met de Cycle Charge kun je je mobiele telefoon opladen terwijl je fietst. Een dy-namo wekt stroom op, die stroom gaat naar de Cycle Charge. Je mobiele tele-foon zit in een houder op het stuur. Je gebruikt het USB-kabeltje dat je normaal gebruikt om je telefoon op te laden of aan de computer te koppelen. In de Cycle Charge zit een USB-ingang, daar gaat dat kabeltje in, aan de andere kant van de Cycle Charge zit nog een ingang bestaande uit twee gaatjes, die is voor de twee draden die van de dynamo komen. Als extra idee hadden we nog een soort vari-ant op de Cycle Charge, met deze variant laad je in plaats van je telefoon op, een accu of batterijen op. Die accu of batterijen zet je vervolgens aan een apparaatje die doorverbonden is met een lamp, of ander huishoudelijke apparatuur. Dit is niet alleen handig hier in de westerse landen, maar zou ook goed van pas kun-nen komen in de derde wereld landen. Bijvoorbeeld in India heeft al meer dan de helft van de bevolking een fiets, dat zijn zo’n 700 miljoen mensen. Dit laatste idee is alleen nog experimenteel, en is nog niet zeker of dit ook daadwerkelijk zal worden uitgevoerd.

1411. Cycle Charge

Warmtepompen kunnen bij een lage temperatuur warmte wegnemen om deze vervolgens bij een hoge temperatuur weer af te geven. Onze opdracht is om door middel van warmtepompen de hitte om te zetten tot een bepaalde tempe-ratuur. Deze temperatuur moet ongeveer 80°C zijn. Wij moeten hier een manier op zien te vinden zodat bedrijven en huizen op deze duurzame energie (hout-snipperkachels) kunnen draaien.

Bataafs LyceumHengelo

Keizer Karel College Amstelveen

Punten waar we op kunnen besparen, dat was ons uitgangspunt voor INESPO. Waar volgens ons nog veel winst te behalen is, is in een groot gebouw, bijvoor-beeld een schoolgebouw. In zo’n gebouw is er veel verlies in warmte en het kost dus ook veel energie om een schoolgebouw warm te houden. Wij willen een cyclische warmtekringloop bereiken. Daarom is onze onderzoeksvraag hierbij: Hoe sluiten wij een warmtekringloop waarbij geen energie verloren gaat? Deze vraag proberen we te beantwoorden door ons te focussen op twee punten waar tot nu toe nog energie verloren gaat: het warme water dat het riool in stroomt na het douchen en het regenwater dat via een regenpijp naar beneden valt.

1930. Warmte kringloop

Sint Michaël College Wormer

Warmte kringloopLars van DitshuizenTim van DijkRobin van Soelen

Cycle Charge Chris BorMartijn KangerGijs KoopsBart Verver

Draaien op natuurwarmte installatiesStijn MourisNick KlarenbeekSanne BuismanRaquel Humphris

Dutch project abstractsAardwarmte wordt al gebruikt om gebouwen te verwarmen en elektriciteit op te wekken, maar wij hebben het efficienter gemaakt! Gebouwen worden verwarmd door aardwarmtekorven in de grond, waar water doorheen stroomt wat een ho-gere temperatuur krijgt en de cv ketel minder op hoeft te warmen. Sommige systemen maken ook gebruik van stoom uit de aardbodem en verwarmen hun complex hiermee. EWEScience is een manier van elektriciteit opwekken door middel van aardwarmte. Er wordt een gat geboord van ongeveer 1500 meter diep, hier is de temperatuur over het algemeen rond de 100 graden Celcius, ruim boven het kookpunt van aceton wat 54 graden Celsius is. Door de warmte gaat de aceton koken en ontstaat er stoom. Hiermee kan duurzaam en gratis stroom worden opgewekt!

1455. EWE science

Cygnus GymnasiumAmsterdam

EWE science Jesse HummenTijmen BeemsterMenno GilhuisJorke KooijengaTitus Pellegrom

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OrganizersINESPO is the International Environment & Scientific Project Olympiade. It is first organized in 2009. Students from all over the world in the age of 13 till 18 can participate in INESPO. By organizing INESPO the Cosmicus Foundation wants to point at the worldwide environ-mental problems and create awareness of these issues.It is the largest olympiad event in the European Continent which works interdisciplinary, in teamwork and on project base

The Cosmicus Foundation is the initiator of INESPO. It is an intercultural organization which organizes educational, cultural, social and scientific activities. There are eight stu-dent associations, two secondary schools and two primary schools. Besides that the Cos-micus Foundation publishes an opinion magazine four times a year and it is also involved in diversity projects and organizing networking and cultural trips. More info at www.cos-micus.nl.

DuurzaamDoor promotes from the government sustainability in education. Through net-works like Sustainable PABO, Sustainable Secondary Vocational Education and Sustainable Higher Education supports LvDO a good embedding of sustainability in education. More info at www.duurzaamdoor.nl.

Since 2000 IVN has already involved 20.000 students in sustainability with its Schools for Sustainability program by letting them come up with solutions for real sustainability is-sues for businesses and organizations. Besides that IVN organizes various local and re-gional events annually. More info at www.ivn.nl or www.scholenvoorduurzaamheid.nl.

NPOINT is the Dutch Platform for Education, Innovation and Talent Development). It is a partnership of 21 differente education centers, where approximately 400 persons work. These centers carry out regional activities in the field of talent development, weekend training and educational events. More info at www.npoint.nl.

International Environment Sustainability Project Olympiad

Al Gore founded GLOBE (Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment) to initiate a special educational program concerned with progress in science and envi-ronment. Over 25.000 students from 111 countries collect and share data to aid scientific research conducted by renowned scientists. Because the data is collected on the internet it is accessible to researchers all around the world. More info at www.globenederland.nl | www.globe.gov

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Affiliated Full PartnersAt this moment there are two kind of organizations with whom we have a mutual agreement. The first type is Affiliated Full Partners in dif-ferent continents. Dutch projects who are the winners of the National INESPO Olympiad are send to their events. These organizations are sending their winning projects to our international contest. They have also the authority to qualify projects from other countries.

I-SWEEEP, the International Sustainable World (Energy, Enginee-ring, and Environment) Project Olympiad is a science fair open to middle and high school students organized by the Cosmos Foundation. ISWEEP takes place at Houston USA and works with local, national, and international science fair organizations to bring together the top-ranking participants and qualifying projects from these competitions.

MOSTRATEC, the International Science and Technology Exhibition is organized and hosted by Fundação Escola Técnica Liberato Salzano Vieira da Cunha in Brazil, in col-laboration with public and private institutions. Since 1994, MOSTRATEC has been held in International character, becoming one of the most important educational events in the country. The fair is destined to the exhibition of science and technology related research projects in the different areas of human knowledge, developed by high school or techni-cal/professionalizing education students from Brazil and other countries.

MILSET Europe is a European non-governmental, non-profit and politically independent youth organisation, created from member organisations of MILSET (International Move-ment for Leisure Activities in Science & Technology) holding their seat in Europe. These organisations work in the field of education, focusing on the organisation of science-and-technology activities for young people.The science fair aims at promoting scientific projects created by children and young people around the world through an exhibition in a multi-cultural environment, also allowing the participation of institutions which want to assist young people in their pro-jects.

Intel ISEF, the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (Intel ISEF), is a program of Society for Science & the Public, the world’s largest international pre-college science competition, is coming to Phoenix.The premier global science competition for students in grades 9–12 provides an annual forum for more than 1,500 high school students from 70 countries, regions, and territo-ries to display their independent research.

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Authorized Affiliated National CoordinatorsSecond type of agreements we have are with national Olympiads in different countries. Only these organizations are authorised to send winning projects from their country to INESPO. Students or schools from these countries who want to participate at INESPO, have to par-ticipate in their national Olympiad first.

Austria WirtschaftsserviceAustria

Dansk NaturvidenskabsformidlingDemark

The Young Scientists of SlovakiaSlowakia

Federazione delle Associazioni Scientifiche

e TecnicheItaly

Mexico Science Expo

MexicoHong Kong International Science FairHong Kong

Indonesian Science Project

OlympiadIndonesia

Division of Cluster and Boarding Schools

Malaysia

I.C.I.J.A.Spain

Jonk Fuerscher LëtzebuergLuxembourg

London International Youth Science Forum

United Kingdom

Genius National Sience ExpoNigeria

Indian Science and Engineering Fair INSEF

India

Intel-ECOUkraine

Open Science Contest for Young Scientists

Czech Republic

DOESEFTurkye

ESKOM Epo for young Scientists

South Africa

Romanian Science and Engineering Fair

Romania

India ChapterMISLET Asia

India

Shanghai Science Innovation Contest

Shanghai

Polish Festival Of Young Scientists E(X)Plory

Poland

Taiwan International Science Fair

Taiwan

Korea Science and Engineering Fair

South Korea

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6 INESPO June 1-6, 2014 @The Hague 47 COUNTRIES · Postal adress: Postbus 24102 3007 DC Rotterdam....

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