(5)Physical Unit Operations
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8/18/2019 (5)Physical Unit Operations
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PHYSICAL UNIT
OPERATIONS
http://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG
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Industrial wastewater
• One classifcation o wastewater,ot er t an !unici"al wastewater
•Re#uire "retreat!ent to re!o$enonco!"ati%le su%stances "rior todisc ar&e into !unici"al sewers
• C aracteristics $ar' ro! industr' toindustr' and ence t e treat!entalso $ar'
http://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG
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()( Pri!ar' treat!ent
• Include *ow !easure!ent de$icesessential or o"eration o wastewatertreat!ent "lant
• Preli!inar' treat!ent – is an inte&ral "art o "ri!ar' treat!ent – Eli!inate lar&e o%+ects and &rit
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Screenin&
• Used to re!o$e coarsesolid stic-s, ra&s, %oards.ro! //) Coarse solid can0
12a!a&e "rocesse#ui"!ents
1Reduce treat!ent "rocessrelia%ilit', e3ecti$eness
1Conta!inate waterwa's
• Protect "u!"s and ot er!ec anical e#ui"!ent
• Pre$ent clo&&in& o $al$es
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8/18/2019 (5)Physical Unit Operations
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• 4 t'"es1coarse screens 51(67!!., fnescreens 85!!., !icroscreens 87)69!.
Bar racksPerforated plates Wire cloth
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8/18/2019 (5)Physical Unit Operations
6/45
Solid reduction
• Located across t e *ow"at o //
• Interce"ts t e coarse
solids and s reds tos!aller, !ore uni or!si:e
• Co!!inutor,!acerator, &rinder
• ;asic "arts includescreen and cuttin& teet
• Hi& 1!aintenance ite!s
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8/18/2019 (5)Physical Unit Operations
7/45
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8/18/2019 (5)Physical Unit Operations
8/45
Princi"al %enefts0• ;iolo&ical treat!ent is en anced1eli!inate s oc- loadin&, dilute
in i%itin& su%stances, sta%ili:ed "H•
E=uent #ualit' and t ic-enin& osedi!entation i!"ro$ed1consistenc'solids loadin&
• E=uent fltration sur ace areareduced, flter "er or!ance i!"ro$e,uni or! flter1%ac-was c'cle
• I!"ro$e c e!ical eed control
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8/18/2019 (5)Physical Unit Operations
9/45
2isad$anta&es0• Need lar&e land area• Odor control near residential area
• Re#uire additional o"eration andcontrol
• Increase ca"ital cost
http://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG
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>i?in& and *occulation
• >i?in& one su%stances wit anot er• ;lend !isci%le li#uids
•
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@ra$it' se"aration
• Re!o$al o "article sus"ensions %'&ra$it' settlin&
• Re er Ta%le 6)(6
http://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG
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@rit re!o$al• @rit !aterial co!"ose o inor&anic and or&anic
solids• Su%stances in &rit a%rasi$e in nature and cause
accelerated wear on "u!" B slud&e1 andlin&e#ui"!ent
•@rit c a!%er1 ori:ontal *ow, rectan&ular, $orte?t'"e
• "rotect !o$in& !ec anical e#ui"!ent ro!a%rasion,
• reduce or!ation o ea$' de"osits,• reduced re#uenc' o di&ester cleanin&
http://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://i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• ;asicall' consist o anenlar&ed c annel area reduce $elocit' and
ence settle out t e &rit
• >ost co!!on c annelt'"e or aeratedrectan&ular %asin
• 2e"osited &rit is
re!o$ed %' !ec anicalscra"ers
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8/18/2019 (5)Physical Unit Operations
14/45
Sedi!entation
• Re!o$e settlea%le solids and *oatin&!aterial
• Acco!"lis ed %' lon&1rectan&ular
tan-s or circular tan-s• uantit' o slud&e re!o$ed de"ends
on
– Stren&t o t e inco!in& waste – EDcienc' o clarifer – Condition o slud&e s&, water content
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8/18/2019 (5)Physical Unit Operations
15/45
Hi& rate clarifcation
• P 'sical c e!ical treat!ent• Utili:e s"ecial *occulation and
sedi!entation s'ste! to ac ie$e
ra"id settlin&• Ad$anta&es1units are co!"act so can
reduce s"ace, ra"id start1u" ti!e,
"roduce i& clarifed e=uent
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8/18/2019 (5)Physical Unit Operations
16/45
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8/18/2019 (5)Physical Unit Operations
17/45
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()F Secondar' treat!ent
• Contain G7167 o SS ro! "ri!ar'treat!ent, ori&inal dissol$ed or&anicsand inor&anics
• Re er to or&anic re!o$al !a' consistc e!ical1" 'sical and %iolo&ical "rocess
• C e!ical1" 'sical i& cost. – coa&ulation, !icroscreenin&, fltration,
c e!ical o?idation etc – Re!o$e solids and reduce ;O2
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• ;iolo&ical !ore "ractical. – !icroor&) used or&anics in // as ood
su""l' B con$ert t e! to %io!ass
– >i?ed culture is re#uired or co!"letetreat!ent
– Newl' created %io!ass !ust %e re!o$edro! //
– It desi&n re#uire an understandin& o t e%iolo&ical "rinci"le, -inetic o !eta%olis!,!ass %alance, " 'sical o"eration
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@rowt and ood utili:ation
Biomass growth rate in a typical batch fermentation
http://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visy.com.au/uploads/waterfall_web_environment.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visy.com.au/%3Fid%3D99&usg=__j-xkEgB_0Sqzd5FQ43d9f9fqAN8=&h=336&w=429&sz=29&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=iiDB104Eh3aDhM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironment%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG
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• La& " ase – T e accli!ation "eriod
• Lo&1&rowt " ase – >a?i!u! &rowt t at occur at a
lo&arit !ic rate• Stationar' " ase
– Ti!e durin& w ic t e "roduction o newcellular !aterial is rou& l' o3set %' deatand endo&enous res"iration
• Endo&enous " ase – ;io!ass slowl' decreases, a""roac in&:ero as'!"toticall' a ter a $er' lon& oti!e
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