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امینه اسید از مشتق هورمونهای

امینها کاتکل هورمونهای تیروئید هورمونهای گلوکاگن و انسولین هورمونهای

Out line (catechol amines

IntroductionStructureBiosynthesisSecretionRegulationCatabolismBiology and cellular ActionDisorders

Adrenal medulla Hormones

Introduction )Epinephrine,nonepinephrine, dopamin

Secretion

بیوسنتز

Biosynthesis of Catecholamines

Biosynthesis, packaging, release of epinephrine in the adrenal

medulla cell

Action

A-adrenergic R(Phentalamine,phenoxybezamine,ergotalkaloids

ß-adrenergicR.(Propanolol,Dichlorisoproternol,pronethalol)(glycogenesis,gluconeogenesis(Amylase↑)Relaxation of uterine musculature, T.G to FFA, blood

pressure)

Catabolism of catecholamines

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Out line (thyroid)

IntroductionStructure BiosynthesisSecretionRegulationCatabolismBiology and cellular ActionDisorders

anatomy

Thyroid Hormones

T3T4Introduction-Hormone effect (Growth and differentiation)-Target tissue-Iodid metabolismRDA(Recommended daily allowance) 250-500µg,

0.1% KI 150-200µg/d absorbtionMetabolic effects Behavior changes ,Cardiac out

put, growth, digestive ,Oxygen consumptionHyper and Hypo thyroid-

www.hsc.missouri.edu/~daveg/thyroid/thy_dis.html

EXAMPLES OF THYROID DISEASES

1° Hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism

Thyroglobulin(Biosynthesis)

-Biosynthesis of ThyroglobulinConcentration of iodide(Perclorates,pertectates, perrahnatesThiocynates , ovabaeine

1-oxidation of I –2-odination of thyrosine3-Coupeling(DIT,MIT), T3,T4)4-Storage of TG in the Follicular Lumen5-pinocytosis ,phagocytosis6-Hydrolysis7-Secretion into bloodMain four compound(Tg,TPO,H2o2Iodothroglobolin)

134 Thyrosine Residue(25-35)4 of them active(5,2553,2567,2746)

بیوسنتز

Secretion of thyroid hormones

-Secretion

T4(80-90 µg)T3(8µg) rT3(1 µg)

-Feedback

Function?

Plasma proteins carriers

TBG(70-75%,T4,T3)TBPA(25-30% T4)Albumin(5-10%T4,25-30% T3)

0.04T4,0.4%T3 are free.Deficiency reported,1/2000)Pregnancy

Metabolism

Biological and Molecular action

-IntroductionRegulation of Oxygen

consumption,Regulation of metabolism Carbohydrate, lipids, Proteins,

Catabolism of Growth factorsGrowth and differentiation, Metabolism

pathwayMechanism of the effect1-Increase the Na+/K+ATPase pump2- binding to nuclear receptor and its

effect on the expression of Gene

-Thyroid receptors

Disorders of thyroid hormones

-Hyperthyroid-Graves disease-Nodular thyroid disease-Thyroiditis-HypothyroidismLaboratory Evaluation

EXAMPLES OF THYROID DISEASES

www.hsc.missouri.edu/~daveg/thyroid/thy_dis.html

Congenital HypothyroidismJuvenile Hypothyroidism

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