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5 . 145 . ..145 .- .148 . . 150 . ...152 . 154 . ...159 . ..161 . 176 . ..166 1. 170 2. ......171 3. ..172 1.- ...173 2.- .174 3.- .176 III .180 V .196 V .- .240 .- ..242 .- .244

6 I ..246 II .254 I ....255 IV..257 260 ...261

7 , . : , , , , , ..., , . , , . , , , ( 4 . 1 ), , . , , , , , , . , (1993), CEDAW . , , , , . . , , , , - - , 1 . , , , , , , , ! , , , .

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10 I . - . . , (.. , , , , ). . , .. , , . . . , , .., , , . , . , , . , 4 . . . . . , . , . . : ) ) . . . . . Thomas Hobbes homini lupus, . Hobbes , ., ((1995). , , , , , . 231234.4

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14 . , , . . (frustration) . 1939 Dollard, Doob, Miller Sears 12 . , . , , . , , . . . , . , (.. ) , , . ( ) . , . Schachter 13 . , , , , . . , . Bandura 14 , . Bandura . , . . : , . 15 .Dollard, J., Miller, N., Doob, L., Mower, O. and Sears, R., (1939). Frustration and aggression, New Haven: Yale. Schachter, S. and Singer, J., (1962). Cognitive, social and physiological determininants of emotional state, Psychological Review, 69,379-399. 14 Bandura, A., (1972). Aggression: A social learning analysis, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. 15 , ., , , 4/6-91992. ( : ), : , , 13 12

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20 , , . . 33 , , . , , , : , , , , , , , , 80.000 . . , . . , , , . 34 . . . , , , . , . . , , , . , ( ) , , . , (), , . , . , , 33 34

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21 , . 35 . . , . . , , . , (empathy). , . (sympathy), , . , , - , - , . , , , 36 . , . , , , , . , PONS (Profile of Nonverbal Sensibility/ ) 37 . (90%) . , , , , . , , . , . , , ., (1999). , & , , , .75. Hoffman, L. Martin, (1984). Empathy, Social Cognition and Moral Action, Moral Behavior and Development: Advances in Theory, Research and Applications, W. Kurtines, J. Gerwitz, eds, Publ. John Wiley and Sons, N. York. 37 Rosenthal, R., (1977). The PONS test: Measuring Sensitivity to Nonverbal , P.McReynolds, ed., Advances in Psychological Assessment, Jossey-Bass, .36 35

22 . , . : , . , , , . , ( ). , , . , , . . , (serial killers), , 38 . , . , : , 39 . , : , . . , , . , , ( ). , , , , . , , , . , . , Goleman, D., (1992): , , New York Times 14-041992. 39 Bing, L., (1991). Do or Die, Harper Collins, New York.38

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25 . . . . , . , . , . , 50 . . . homo normalis, homo sapiens, homo divinus, , . . . , , , 51 .

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26 . , , . . , . . , . , .

.- 40 , , , , 53 . 3 2003 54 , 325.000.000 . 1.000.000. (2,2%) (53%), 30 70 . (90%) . , . , , , , . , , . , . ( ). , , , , , . , , , . , 53 54

Internet. . , , 02-06-2004.

27 . . , ( ) ( ). , . , (, ). , , 55 , , , . , , , , , , , . ( ), , , , , , . , , , . . , , 50 , . , 90 , , ( 4 ). , , . , , . , , . - - , . , , . , .55

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28 , , , . , - . (.., , ...). - - (.. ). ( ), , 56 . . , 57 . . , , . , , , , .

56 57

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30 . ( ): , . , , , . . . , , , , . . , . . 59 , . , , . . .., . , . , , . , . , . , , . , . - . . . , ( ). , , , . (: , .). , 59

, .,(1971), .. .164-202.

31 , . , , , , (, , , .), 60 . , : , , , 61 , . Walker 62 , , , , . , . ! , , , . , , . ( Walker ), ( ) , , . , , , - - . , , , . . , , , . , , 63 , , , , . , . , , 60 61

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32 , . , 64 , . . , 65 . , , . - (5%) (8%) (30%) (40%) . , . , 66 . , . ( 60%) , (33%) . . , , , . . , , . : ) , ) () ) , , , 67 . , , , 68 . , 69 , 70 . , ( reaction formation) . - - . , ., (2000), , .. 311 Gondolf, E.W., (1988). How Some Men Stop Their Abuse In Coping with Family Violence, Beverly Hills, CA, Sage, 129. 66 Jacobson, N., (1994) Clinical Handbook of Marital Therapy Guilford Press, N. York. : : , - . . 67 , ., (1979), .. . 314-334. 68 , .1,, (1981), .. . 27. 69 Peiffer, V., (1994). , , , . 48-62. 70 , .,(1),(1981),.. . 27.65 64

33 ( , ). 71 , , , . , , . , . . . , . , . , , 72 . , . , , . . , . , , . , . , , , , , . , , , 73 . , . , , , 74 . , , , , , , , , , .71 72

, .,3, (1980), .. .14-37. , ., (1999), .. . 38-45. 73 , .,(2),(1981), .. . 35. 74 , .,(1997), .. .292.

34 , . , . - , . , : (, , , , , ...) (, , , , , , ...), , . , 1998-2001 - , ( ). , , , , : , , - . 1500 , , : (649) (43,26%), . (641) , (42,73%), . (60) (4%) . (78) (5,2%), . (63) , (4,2%) (9) (0,6%), .

.. , 75 , .,(2),(1981), .. .94-104: , , , , . , ( Ernst Kretschmer ). , - , , . , - , , . , . . . , 75

35 , : ) ( 76 , , ). , , , , . , ( ), , , , . , , 77 , , 78 79 . , , . , . , , ( ). . , , , . ) ( ), . - 80 . , . , , . , , , . , . , . .

. , , , , , . , . 76 ( ), , , ! , - . ! , , . 77 , ., (2000), .. . 223. : . 78 Walker, L., (1989), .. .58. 79 Murphy, C. Meyer, S.L. & OLeary, K., (1994). Dependency Characteristics of Partner Assaultive Men, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, . 729-735. 80 , ., (1981), .. .77-83.: , , , , .

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81

37 . , , , . , . . , , . . (58%), , , . , . , , , . 1989, , . . . , , , . , , , . 84 , , , . . , , , . , . , , , , , , , . , , , ( ). , , 2002.84

38 ( ) , . , . , , . , . , , -. . - - , . , , , , , , . . , . , . . , ( ), , . . . (, ) , . , . , . . , 85 . , .85

, ., (1981), .. . 94-102.

39 , , . . , , - . , , , , , - . , , . . . , . , , -. , . , . , . , , , , 86 . , , . , ( , , , .), , (, , ). . , , , , . . - - , , , . , . 86

,, 1999, . 11.

40 , , , . , , . . , , . , , . , , ; , , . . , , , . . , . , , 87 , , , , , , - ( ), , , ... , , : ( , , 88 . , : , , , , , , , - , Harris, R.N. and Bologh, R.W.,(1985), The Dark Side of Love: Blue and White Collar Wife Abuse, Victimology, 10, . 242-252. 88 Holtzworth-Munroe, A., and Hutchinson, G., (1993) Attributing Negative Intent to Wife Behavior: The Attributions of Maritally Violent Versus Non Violent Men, Journal of Abnormal Psychology 102, 2,sel. 206-211. :Sexually Aggressive Mens Perceptions of Womens Communications, Neil Malamuth and Lisa Brown, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67 (1994).87

41 , , , 90 89 . : , ; ; , , (, ). , 91 92 , - , - , . , , . , , , - , , , 93 . , . , , . Tedeschi 94 , . , , . . ; . , 27-03-2004 . , ., (2003), , - 2003, 19 , 218, .175. 91 , ., ...(1964), .. .168. 92 , ., (1987), .. . 144-147. 93 , , , ! , - - . 94 Tedeschi, J., Smith, R., & Brown, R., (1974). A reinterpretation of research on aggression, Psych. Bull, . 81, 540-562.90 89

42 (, ); , . , . - (, ). , ( ) . , , . , , ( symptom substitution). , , 95 . , , (, .), , . , . , . . : (!) (!) , ., , , , . , , , . 95

, ., (1997), .. . 214.

43 . , , , , , . , . , , , . , -, , (, , , , .). , 96 . . , , , .

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96

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98

45 , , . , , . , . , - , , . . . , . . . , . 80% , , Kansas Detroit 99 . 4.000 Alabama 320 . . , . , . . . Shepherd 100 , , , Loucas 101 , , .. , : , .Walker, L., (1989). , , , .48. Shepherd, E., (1982). Assessing Dangerousness in Mentally Subnormal Patients Hamilton, J., & Freeman, H., (eds), Dangerousness: Psychiatric Assessment and Management, Gaskell Books, London. 101 Loucas, K., (1982). Assessing Dangerousness in Psychotics, in Hamilton, J., and Freeman, H., (eds) Dangerousness Psychiatric Assessment and Management, Gaskell Books, London.100 99

46 . . . . . . 102 . . . : , , . , . . , , . , , , . Shall , (conceptual short-cut). - , , . , 103 . , , , , 104 . 105 , ,

,.,(1987). , , , .98. , ., (2000), .. .225. : , , . , , - , , - . , . , , , . , . , . 105 ,., (1980). , - .., , .39.104

103

47 , , , . . , , , . , . , . . , , , . , 106 : . (.. ), : , !. , , , . . .

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48 (, , ), , , -. , . . , 108 . , 109 . , . , . , , . . . , , , , , . , , , , . , , - , - . , , , : , , - , . , . , - . . , , , 108 109

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49 , . , , , , . , , , , - - . , . , , . , . (, ), (, , , ) , . . 110 , , . . . Karl Menninger, , , , . , 111 . - - , . , - ,

110 111

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50 . . . . . , . , , . , , . . , . , , , , 112 113 ; ; ; ( ) 114 ; , , , . . Hafner Boker 115 , . , , 112 113

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51 , . . Traverso 116 , . , , . 34 : , , , . , , , . , , . , . Daniel M Naghten, 1843, : (disease of the mind) , (wrong). MNaghten Robert Peel. Edward Drummond , Peel. (NGRI, not guilty by reasons of insanity). O MNaghten (unsound mind) . , , . MNaghten, : , , (wrong). , , , . , 117 .

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52 , . 118 . amok, Gurumumba . . 25 35 , . , . , , , . , . . , . . , . , . . . : , , ... R. D. Laing A. Esterson (1964) 119 , , , , , . - - , . (mental disorder), , . Thomas Szasz 120 : . .

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54 . . 122 , . . . , , , , , ( ), ( ), , 123 . , , , : 1 , : , , , (.., , , , , , ), . , . . , , . 2 : . , . . . .., . , , . , . 3 : . . , , , , . , . , 124 .-, ., (1979),.. .160. , , . 123 -, .,(1979), .. . 160-163. 124 , .,(1982). , , , . 577. : , 122

55 , , , ( ) . , , ( ) , , , . ( ) , . , , . . , 125 . , 126 , . . , , . , , , , . , . .1 299 , . .2 , . , , , . (299 ..), , . , , !. 125 , .,(1986). , 2 , , , .58-59. 126 Walker, L., (1989), .. .48. : , .

56 , . , , . , (), , .2 299 .., , , 127 . , 128 , , , , , , ... . , 129 . , , (299 . 2 ..). O De Greeff 130 , , , . : ) , ) ) . , , . , , , , . () 131 . , , 34 .., 132 . 299 .2, , . : ) , , () , , , () , , .

127 128

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57 ( . ) , Kant, . , , , , . , , , , , , , , , . . , : , (, , ), . (. , ) : , , , , ( ) , , , (), ( ) , ... (.299 . 2 ..), : ) (.23, 25 . 3 32 . 2 ) , ( ) ( ), . , , . , . ) , (.308 . 3 361 . 3 ..). , , . , ) : , (.231 . ..), , (.232 . 2 ..). , .

58 ( , ) . 133 : , , , , . . , , , 134 , : 135 136 . . . Kretschmer , 137 . , , , , . , , , ( ) ( ). , , , , , , , , ( ). , , (), , ..., , , 138 . , , ., (1986), .. .58. , ., (1965), .., . 65-71 129-133. 135 , .., 27-07-05 , , : , , !. (), . , , ( ) . (!), . 136 - ,., (1979), .. .163-164. 137 , ., (1986)... . 59. 138 .., ( . 47-48/2001 ). .., . ( ), , , , . , , , , , , . , , , , . 134 133

59 , , , . 139 140 , , . , . -, , , , () , () 141 142 . : , ( ) , , , , ( 34 36 ..). , , ( , , ). , , , , , , , , ... , 143 , , . - . , , . , , ( ). ( ) prima facie. . , , . , . , 3006-2005. 139 . ., ...,(1964), .. .168-169. 140 ,., (1980). (3), , . , , . 231 232. 141 ,.,3, (1980), .. . 80-90. 142 Levine, P., & Frederick, A., (2000). , , . , , . 122123. 143 , ., (1979). , , . 60.

60 , , . , , , . , , , . , , , . 144 , . , , , . , , . 145 : . : . , , . , , . : ) . ) ) , . . , , . (SFB), , , DSM IV, , Stress, , . , . , 146 . Lavallee 147 , 1990, 144 145

, .,(1968)., ,6 , .886. , .,(1986), .. . 64-65. 146 , .,(1998-1999). ,66-67, , . 23.. 12/2002 ( 5) . 1315. 147 R.V.Lavallee (1990), 1 RCS, 852.

61 (SFB), , , 148 . . , 149 , , , , , , , , , . , , , . . , prima facie , . , - , , , 34 .., 150 . 151 , , , , , , , . 148

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62 , . , 152 . , , , , . , , . , , . ( ) , , , . , . , . ; , - - . , . , , . , ( ) 153 . , . , . , !

, 1986. , , , , . (;) , . . 153 ( 357 ..), () !

152

63 . . , 154 . . . . , . , . (), () (). , , , . , , , . , : ; , . , , , . , , . , 155 . , , 154 155

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64 . . , , . , . , . . , . , , - . , . , . . . . (.. , , , ), , , , , (.. ), , , . . . 156 , . , , . , , 157 . , , . , . . , . , 156 157

, .,3, (1980), .. .87. Levine, P., & Frederick, A., (2000), .. . 38-42.

65 . () () , . . , , , . . ( ) , . . , , , . ( ) . . . , . , . , . , , , , . . . . . , . 158 . , , , . , , , , . 158

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66 , , . , . . . , . , , . , . , . . , , . , . , , . , , , . , . , . , , . . . , . , 40% . : , . 30% 159 . 159

B. .http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violence_against_women, (2001)

67 . (American Medical Association- ...) 30% , 30% , . ( ). , , , . , . , . . , . , 160 . . : . ; ; ; . ( ) . . . ( ) . , , . . . , . . , , . 161 , . 160 161

Psychological Trauma, American Psychiatric Press, 1987. Levine, P., (2000), .. . 67-70.

68 , , . , . . . , . , ( ), 162 . . , . , , () . . 163 . . . . , . , . , 164 .

162 163

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69 IV A. . - 2.500 (Fenoglio) 165 . , 166 , , , . 70, , . . 70, - . , 167 . , , , . 10 . , . - 12 4 1999 168 . 12 , 96% , 94% , 79% , 75% , 73% , 64% , 59% , 57% , 49% , 47% 46% . , . , - 2003, 19 , 218. 19 . , (British Common Law Rule of Thumb1864). 167 , X., (1974). , , , , . 57.: , , . 168 :http://www.Kethi.gr/greek/euro_bar.htm166 165

70 , , , , , . , , 2003 169 . - , (...) , . , , , . , . , . : , , 170 .

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72 179 . - , . , . , - . : . . 180 , ( ) . , . , , , , , . . . 181 . : , , , , , . . . , 182 , . , , . : , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , - - . ( )Denise Kindschi Gosselin, (2000) Heavy Hands: an introduction to the crimes of domestic violence, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, .7. 180 , ., , ., (2003), .. 181 , ., , ., (2003), .. 182 , ., , ., (2003), ..179

73 , , . - , . , - . , , . 183 . . . 184

. , , , . ( ) , , . - , . . . 185 . , , , ( , , .). , , (, , ...) ( , , ...), . , , -- . , ., , ., (2003). ..,.6-8: , . , . , ( , , , ) . , .,(1997). ,University Studio Press, , . 860-861. . (GAF). 184 , ., , ., (2003), . 185 , ., , ., (2003), ..183

74 , . , , , . . H W. Graidners 186 , Calgary , 562 , (38%) . 75 , 58 80 . (62%) . , , , . . , , , , . . , . , , . . . . , , , , . 187 . , , , . . 75% . , 188 . .

186 187 188

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75 (31%), 189 . 190 , (91,3%), ( 1200 18-60 ), / (8,8%) - . (56%) (, , , ). (3,6%) / , (37,1%) . (3,5%) (29,5%) . , / (33,3%) . , 191 , (59,3%) . , , , , . . , (60,8%), , ( , ), . (76%) , (11,2%) , . , . . (, , , , ), . 45 , .

, ., (2001), : - , , . 190 , ., , .,(2003). , .., .55-116. 191 . . http://www.aystraliasaysno.gov.au/about/index.htm. (c. 2004 Office for Women).

189

76 . (61,9%) , . (32,4%) , (85,3%) , 5,9% . , (21%), (24,8%) . (28,4%) . ; (32,1%) , (21,9%) , (17,5%) . , (23,65%) / . (13,3%) (11,2%) , , , (4,8%) . , : (26,3%) / , (29,2%) . , (28%) , , . ; : (66%) ( , ), (34,3%) . , , : (44,2%) (34,5%) (76,9%). , , . , 192 , . . , , , - , , . - - , . : , , , , , , , . , , , . , - ( ) . 192

77 (realities), , . , , 16 44 . 15 2006 , , 2001 2005. 32 17 70 26 13 63 . , . , , , 193 . , , 194 . . ., . (1989), (13%) , / . (1998), , (48,4%). (1998), (22%) , . . , 14.000 1999, . , : ... 15 44 . , , , 35 . , , 15 90 . , ( ) , , . , , , . 193 S.O.S., 1.016 988 . 25-65 . , , , . 194 European Womens Lobby, Unveiling the Hidden Data on Domestic Violence in the EU, European Policy Action Center of Violence Against Women, autumn 1999.

78 195 . FBI 1.400 . . ... 196 . , , , . . . Daly Wilson, , . , 197 . . , . , , , , . , , . , . , . : (Wilson Daly, 1996). , (55%) , , , (Cusson Boisvert, 1994). , ( ), . . , . , . , , (Wilson Daly, 1996, 59) 198 . (60%) . .:http://www.childabuse.com/familyviolence/preventfamilyviolence.html, Feb., 2007. , ., (1999). - , , 1/1999 ( 2),. 70-71. 197 . . Maurice Cusson (2004): , , , . 47. 198 . Cusson, ., (2004).: , , , . 47-49.196 195

79 , , . , , , . 50 80, . 50, , , . , , . . , (Boisvert Cusson, 1994 Cusson Boisvert, 1994 Boisvert, 1996) 199 . 16 4 200 . Yale 201 (40%) , . (53%) , . , , . (50%) . (70%) , (38%) , . 132.000 . 2 6 , . 1,2 ., . . , . , , 202 . . 199 200

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80 . 1967-1988 1 5 () 203 . . 204 . (84%) . , : () , () , () () . (42%) , , . , . (14%) , (21.8%) , . , . , (45%) . , (53%). (19%), (21%) , 35% . , (36%) (18%). (40%) , (20%) . , (50%), (25%). (10%) , (40%) . , (20%) (40%). (30%) (33%) . , , , . 205 . . http://www.aystraliasaysno.gov.au/about/index.htm. (c. 2004 Office for Women). -, : ., ., . ., , 2003, 5, . , .558.205 . . ., , , , 12, , 1999, . 70-71. 204 203

81 , . , (, ), , , . ... 70% , 206 . , , ( ) 207 . , , 208 . , - , , . .

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82 .

. , ( ) , , . , . , 209 . (50%) , (30%) 210 . , , . . . , , , . , , . (50%) , . , . . , 211 . , , . , . , , , . , , , , . , , , Internet: , www@otenet.gr 31-01-2006. Internet. 211 ,., (1989), , , , , .214.210 209

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87 . . , , . . , , , , . 225 , , , : ) . ) , 226 . , , . , , , , . , 227 : ( ) . ( ). ( ). ( ) - , , , , , 228 . , , , 229 . ., , . , , . , . 225 226

.., (1974), ...144. .., (1974), .. .103. 227 ,., (1974), .. .159. 228 ,., (1974), .. .162. 229 ,., (1971), .. .181.

88 , , , . , , , , , , , , . , . . , . , , , , , , . .

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90 , . . . , . , , , . 233 . . . , . , . , , , . , . , , . . , . . . . , . . , , . , ( ), , 234 . . Freud 235 , , , . , -. . . , , , . , ,233

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93 ( ), . , 241 . . , . , . . , , , 242 . , , , , . , Horney 243 Adler, . (), . , , . , , , , , , , 244 . Horney , 245 . , . 246 .

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99 , , , . . , , , 262 . , , . , , , . 263 . , . , , . . , , . , : , , , , , , , , . . , , . : , . , , 264 . - 265 : , , . , , , , , . , (, , ), , . 262 263

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100 , , . , , , . , . , . , , , . 266 . . , , , ( ). , . . 267 . , , . , . , , , 268 . , , , . . (, , ) : , Jaspers 269 . , . , , , , . , Gazzaniga, M.S., & Sperry, R.W. (1967). Language after section of the cerebralcommissures. Brain, 90,. 131148. 267 , .,(1993). , - - , 1:Piaget , art of text,, . 189-194. 268 Pascual- Leone, J. (1974). A neo-Piagetian process- structural model of Witkins psychological differentiation. Presented at the Meeting of the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, .301-345. 269 , ., (1979), .. . 335-338.266

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103 , . , , . , . , , . . , . , , . . , . , , . , . , . , . , , . , , , . , , , . , : , , , , 275 . , , , . , . , . , . . , , . . Sternberg, R., (1988). Triangulating Love, The Psychology of Love Sternberg ,R., and Barnes, M., eds, Yale University Press, New Haven.275

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105 . , , . , . . , , . , . , . , . . - , , , , . , : , , . ( ) - , , - - . , . . . , , 277 , , . , . 278 , , !

277 278

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106 , 279 . , . . , . , , , , 280 . , , . , . - . . , , . . , 281 . . , . , . , , . , , , , , , , , , ; , , , , ,

279 280 281

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107 , . . ( ) , , . . , . . , , . , , 282 , . , , . ( ), , , 283 , . 284 .

282 283 284

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108 - , : : , () . 285 286 . : () , . ( ), ( ), ( ) 287 . : , . , . 288 . : , , , . , , . 289 , , . : . , . , Mignon, S. I., Larson, C. J. & Holmes, W. M.,(2002). Family Abuse: Consequences, Theories and Responses, Allyn & Bacon.: Yick, A.G., Feminist Theory and Status Inconsistency Theory, Violence Against Women,7, 5, 2001, . 545 562. 286 Hart, S. D., Dutton, D. G., & Newlove, T., (1993). The Prevalence of Personality Disorder Among Wife Assaulters, Journal of Personality Disorders, 7, . 328 340. 287 Mignon, S. ., Larson, C. J., & Holmes, W. M., (2002),.. 288 . 289 Wolgang, M. E., & Ferracuti, F., (1995). (. . ), , . .285

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110 . - , , , , . , . , , 295 . : , . , . , 296 . : . , 297 . : Freud, , , . , , . . , . , , , . : - - , , - . , , . , , -. , . Gelles, R., (1993). Through a Sociological Lens: Social Structure and Family Violence, R, J. Gelles & D. R. Loseke, Current Controversies, .. . 31-62. 296 Bowlby, J.,(1979). The Making Breaking of Affectional Bongs, London, Tavistock pub. 297 Mignon, S. I., Larson, C. J. & Holmes W. M., (2002), ..295

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298

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113 (45%) (50%). (Viano) 305 . - , ( , - ), - . , . Walker, . , , . , , , , . . , ; , . , , , . . , -, , , , , . , , . . ... - : ) ( , , 305

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114 , ), ) ( ) ) (, , , ). .. ... . , . - , . , 1984 - , . , 306 . , , () 307 . 308 . - , . : ... 309 . - , , . - , . , , , , . , ( District of Columbia), (parental kidnapping). ...

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306

115 1990 (anti-stalking legislation) 310 . - (civil protection orders) 311 312 , . , - , . , , , . . , . . , - , 1993, . , , 313 . , . ( limitation time), , . , 29 , 32 , . . (46%) 48 24 , .

, , 13 , ... 10 , . (Alaska,Michigan,Oklahoma Wyoming), , ... 23 , .. D.K.Gosselin, .. .170-171. 311 .. National Research Council, Understanding Violence Against Women,edited by N.A.Crowell and A.W.Burgess, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy Press, Washington D.C.,1996 Battered Women :Contemporary Issues Loise Gerdes (ed) Greenhaven Press, San Diego,1999 .68-74 Violence Against Women Office,(VAWO):www.oip.us.doi.gov/vawo/ 312 : ) (restraining orders). , . , Arkansas Wisconsin .) . ) . , , . ) . , .D.K.Gosselin, .. .163,171-173. 313 , 1993 50 , 1996, (National Clearinghouse on Marital and Date Rape) . D.K.Gosselin, .. . 177.

310

116 .. ... , - , . - . : , , (temporary emergency custody). . 24 , . 70 . , , (mandatory arrest) 314 , . ... - . , - , , . : 1) , - , . , , . (criminal offences). , . , , (concurrent jurisdiction). , , ,

314

(Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment) , - , . , . . . National Research Council,Understanding Violence Against Women,.... www.courts.state.ny.us/Ambench.htm#e

117 , . 2) , (united states district counts), - , , , . , - , , . , , (battered woman syndrome), , 315 . .. ... , - . , , 1977. ... , - (victim / witness assistant). , , , . ... , , ... 1976, 400. ... . 1973 , 316 . ... , , (national center for missing and exploited children), 1984, , , 24 SOS .Unites States v. OBrien D.C.App.1986. . United Stated v.Martha Monroe, Street Law,Inc. . Lenore Walker The battered woman syndrome defense, Battered Women:Contemporary Issues,Loise Gerdes(ed), . 82-86. Issues, Loise Gerdes(ed), . 82-86. 316 . www.vix.com/pub/men/domestic315

118 ... , , , 317 . . Michigan , . , 95% 318 . . . - . - - . - - . - , , . - .. . . - .. - .., . - . - .. - .. . . - .. - . - () .. - .., .. Roberts R.A., The police response Battered Women: Contemporary Issues ,Loise Gerdes(ed) Greenhaven Press, San Diego,1999,. 32-40. 318 Internet.317

119 - .. - . . . - , .., . - , . - . - . - . . . - .. - .., . - .. - .., . - , . . . - . - . - . - . . - .., . - . . . - . - , . - . - .

120 . . - . - . - . - . - . . . ( , ), , 1998. T , , . , . 2000 SOS - . . ..., 2000, 2600 6000. 319 . , 40 , , , . , . , . , ..., , ,319

, ., (2000). , ..., .

121 , . ..., , , , , , ..., (....). ..., , 1999 , , , . 2000 , . , , . . ..., , , 1988, , - . , , , , , .., . , . 1993 . ..., . , . , . , . . . , , - , , , , ...., . - . . , , (..

122 , , , ..). , , , , 320 . ..., 1994 ...., ( ) (2000), , , . ...., . , , : , , , , .. . ...., 2000 , . 321 - : , . 26 45 (27,7-27,8%), / (32,2%), (44,1%) 27,5% . (58,6%) (44,2%). , SOS. , , , . , . . (.. ), , , : , , .. , ., (2000), .. , ., (2002). - 1/1/2000-30/6/2001. . , , .321 320

123 , , 322 . , . , . , , . Cambell Sheridan (1989) 323 , . . , ( ) , (Klingbeil & Boyd, 1984) 324 . , . . Shepherd(1990) Hamberger(1991) 325 , . . T 10 2006, 326 , . , : 1993 (CEDOW), ,

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